DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY

GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE, BHAVNAGAR

BATCH: 2024-2025

Neuroanatomy

Topics of the assignment for Batch A & B

SR. NO. TOPICS OF THE ASSIGNMENT
1 Write short note on blood supply and clinical anatomy of the spinal cord.
2 Draw and label diagram of transverse sections of the Medulla oblongata at
various levels.
3 Write short note on inferior cerebellar peduncle.
4 Draw and label the diagram of functional areas of cerebrum.
5 Write short note on lateral ventricle.
6 A-55-year-old patient was admitted in the hospital with the complaint of
loss of sensation on the left side of the body. A few days later, the patient
appeared to be improving and there was an evidence of return of sensation
to the left side of his body, but he suddenly started to complain of agonizing
pain in his left arm and leg. The pain would start spontaneously or be
initiated even by the light touch of the bed sheet or by little exposure to
cold. The pain failed to respond even to powerful analgesic drugs.

QUESTIONS
1. What is the diagnosis?
2. Give the cause of the given clinical condition.
3. Enumerate nuclei of thalamus.
4. Which fibres relay in LGB &MGB?
5. What is thalamic hand?
7 A 57-year-old executive officer with a history of hypertension developed
paralysis in the left side of his body. He was taken to the nearby
neurocentre, where on examination the neuro-surgeon found increased
muscle tone, increased tendon reflexes and positive Babinski sign on the
affected side. The sensory examination revealed altered sensations on the
affected side. The CT scan of his head revealed a small lesion in his right
cerebral hemisphere in the region of the internal capsule.

QUESTIONS
1. Enumerate parts of internal capsule.
2. Enumerate fibres passing through Genu of internal capsule.
3. Enumerate fibres passing through Posterior limb of internal capsule.
4. What is the blood supply of internal capsule?
5. Write difference between UMN and LMN lesion?
6. Optic radiation is related to which part of internal capsule?
 Topics of the assignment for Batch C & D
SR.
TOPICS OF THE ASSIGNMENT
NO.
1 Write short note on forth ventricle.
2 Draw and label the diagram of transverse sections of the Pons at various levels.
3 Write short note on cerebral hemispheric dominance.
4 Write short note on internal capsule.
5 Write short note on Auditory pathway.
6 A middle-aged women complained that her right-hand tremors when she attempt
to insert a thread in the eye of sewing needle; and her body sways towards the
right side while walking.
On physical examination the physician found that:
(a) There is flaccidity of limb muscles on the right side,
(b) The patient swayed over to the right side when she was asked to walk
(c) When she was asked to touch the tip of her nose with her right index
finger, the finger tended to overshoot the target.

On investigation, MRI of brain revealed a tumor in the right cerebellar

hemisphere. The Physician told the patient that she was suffering from a cerebellar
disease.
QUESTIONS
1. Enumerate the anatomical lobes of the cerebellum.
2. Give morphological subdivisions of the cerebellum.
3. Draw and label the intra-cerebellar nuclei.
4. Enumerate the afferent fibers of inferior cerebellar peduncle.
5. What is intention tremor?
6. What is Nystagmus?

7 A 2-year and 6-month-old boy was taken by his mother to a neurologist and
complained that the size of head of her son is unusually large and his eyes look
different from other children. On examination, the neurologist found enlarged and
tense anterior fontanelle, widely separated cranial sutures and typical setting-sun
appearance of the eyes. He made the diagnosis of hydrocephalus.

QUESTIONS
1. What is hydrocephalus?
2. Draw the flowchart of CSF circulation and absorption.
3. What is the internal hydrocephalus?
4. What is the external hydrocephalus?
5. Write the functions of CSF.
 Topics of the assignment for Batch E&F
SR. NO. TOPICS OF THE ASSIGNMENT
1 Draw & label the diagram of transverse sections of the Midbrain at various levels.
2 Write short note on corpus callosum.
3 Write short note on third ventricle.
Draw & label the diagram of CSF circulation & absorption.
4 Write short note on blood brain barrier.
Enumerate the structures devoid of blood brain barrier.
5 Write short note on Visual pathway.
6 A patient aged 65 years presents with unintentional or resting tremors of hands
(i.e. tremors occur at rest and disappear during voluntary movement), and slow
voluntary movements. on examination, the following signs are elicited:
(a) Pill-rolling movements of hands,
(b) face is expressionless (mask-like),
(c) speech is slurred and monotonous,
(d) cannot stand upright(a Stooped posture),
(e) short, shuffling gait,
(f) Increased muscle tone, cogwheel rigidity of joints.

QUESTIONS
1. Make the clinical diagnosis.
2. What is paralysis agitans?
3. What are the characteristic features of paralysis agitans?
4. What is resting tremor?
5. Give a triad of the symptoms for the given clinical condition.
6. Lesion of which structure leads to the given clinical condition.

7 A 55-year-old man went to his family physician and complained that for the past
few days he has been having difficulty in walking. He also noted that when he
walks, his left arm remains flexed and his left leg remains extended. Further, he
has to swing his left lower limb outward to avoid dragging the foot on the ground.
His family physician referred him to the neurologist.

On examination, the neurologist found: (1) no signs of facial palsy, (2) deviation
of tongue to the right side on protrusion, (3) atrophy of tongue on the right side
and (4) loss of position and vibration sense on the left side. A diagnosis of right-
sided medial medullary syndrome was made.

QUESTIONS
1. Enumerate cranial nerve nuclei present in medulla oblongata.
2. What is the blood supply of medulla oblongata?
3. Name the area of medulla involved in medial medullary syndrome.
4. What is the commonest cause of this syndrome?
5. Mention the cause of weakness of left arm and left leg (left-sided
hemiplegia).
6. What is the cause of loss of position and vibration sense on the left side?