약점 공략 어법 1강

모고, 수능 기출 어법 보기 분석

항목 빈도수 비율(%)
관계사/접속사/의문사 22 24.72
대명사 12 13.48
분사 12 13.48
형용사/부사 7 7.87
수일치 6 6.74
부정사 6 6.74
진짜동사 6 6.74
병렬 5 5.62
기타 5 5.62
대동사 3 3.37
수동태 3 3.37
동명사 2 2.25

모고, 수능 기출 어법 정답 분석

항목 빈도수 비율(%)
관계사/접속사/의문사 7 38.89
진짜동사 5 27.78
병렬 2 11.11
대동사 1 5.56
대명사 1 5.56
기타 1 5.56
분사 1 5.56
 WEAK POINT 1> that
Q. An Egyptian sculpture no bigger than a person’s hand is more monumental than
that gigantic pile of stones ④ that constitutes the war memorial in Leipzig, for
instance. [2019 수능]

SOLUTION 1> that

#불완전한 문장
- 관계대명사 + 동사 + (목적어) : 주어가 없다.
- 관계대명사 + 주어 + 동사 (전치사 + 명사 + 부사) : 보어가 없다.
- 관계대명사 + 주어 + 동사 + (전치사 + 명사 + 부사) : 목적어가 없다.
- 관계대명사 + 주어 + 동사 + (목적어) + 전치사 : 전치사의 목적어인 명사가 없다.

#완전한 문장
-불완전하지 않은 문장
-4, 5형식을 제외한 수동태 문장
I was given (X)
I was called (X)

#that의 모든 것
- 접속사 that + 완전한 문장
- 명사 + 동격 that + 완전한 문장
- 명사 + 관계대명사 that + 불완전한 문장
- (명사) + 관계부사 that + 완전한 문장
- so-that 구문, it is-that 구문

1. The main reason for the delay is that the project faced unexpected obstacles.

2. She was so determined that she finished the task ahead of schedule.

3. Effective communication is crucial because there are always misunderstandings that

can lead to conflicts.
 TRAINING 1> that
다음 문장의 밑줄 친 부분들이 어법상 올바른지 판단하세요.
1. The most common explanation offered by my informants as to why fashion is so
appealing is ① that it constitutes a kind of theatrical costumery. [2023 수능]

2. Humans are so averse to feeling that they’re being cheated ① that they often
respond in ways that seemingly make little sense. [2019 6월]

3. Ethical decision making is not always easy because there are always gray areas ④
that create dilemmas, no matter how decisions are made. [2023 9월]

4. If you notice tension in your body, remind yourself ④ that the stress response
gives you access to your strength. [2024 9월]

5. Research has shown ④ that East Asians prefer to receive, but not seek, more
social support rather than seek personal control in certain cases. [2021 6월]

WEAK POINT 2 what

Q. Behavioral economists—the economists who actually study ② what people do as
opposed to the kind who simply assume the human mind works like a calculator—
have shown again and again that people reject unfair offers even if it costs them
money to do so. [2019 6월]

SOLUTION 2 what

#what
what + 불완전한 문장
의문형용사what + 명사...

1. The survey aims to understand what motivates employees the most.

2. The teacher wanted to know what the students had learned from the experiment.

3. They discussed what measures could be taken to improve safety.

 TRAINING 2 what
1. ⑤ What some organisms must starve in nature is deeply regrettable and sad [2019
9월]

2. Then the next time we hear it, we hear a lyric we didn’t catch the first time, or
we might notice ③ what the piano or drums are doing in the background. [2020 6
월]

3. ④ What cell metabolism and structure should be complex would not be surprising,
but actually, they are rather simple and logical. [2022 수능]

4. Experimental results derived from a single subject are, therefore, of limited value;
there is no way to know ⑤ what the subject’s responses are typical or atypical of the
response of humans as a group. [2021 수능]

WEAK POINT 3 who, which

Q. Competitive activities can be more than just performance showcases ① which the
best is recognized and the rest are overlooked.

SOLUTION 3 who, which

#who
명사 + who + 불완전한 문장

#which
명사 + which + 불완전한 문장

1. The book, which was published last year, has received many positive reviews.

2. The company, which recently expanded its operations, is now hiring more staff.

3. The scientists conducted an experiment, which provided new insights into the
disease.
 TRAINING 3 who, which
1. The dual expressions of this tendency are anthropomorphism (the practice of
regarding animals as humans) and totemism (the practice of regarding humans as
animals), both of ③ which spread through the visual art and the mythology of
primitive cultures. [2020 수능]

2. There are systems that turn over in minutes, and there are others ③ which
rhythmic time extends to hundreds of years. [2023 6월]

3. They will even try to match gestures ② which they have some difficulty,
experimenting with their own faces until they succeed. [2024 수능]

4. But for such communication to occur, there must be strong guarantees ③ which
those who receive the signal will be better off believing it. [2022 9월]

5. Therefore, people ⑤ who hold a more interdependent self-construal may prefer to

cope in a way that promotes harmony in relationships. [2021 6월]

WEAK POINT 4 관계사 기타

Q. They need to think about these attributes not as internal conditions but as positive
ways ④ in which they are already relating to others. [2024 6월]

SOLUTION 4 관계사 기타

#전치사 + 관계대명사
명사 + 전치사 + 관계대명사 + 완전한 문장

#where
(명사) + where + 완전한 문장

#whether
whether + 완전한 문장
whether + to 동사
#whose
명사 + whose + 명사 ...

1. The method by which the data was analyzed was highly sophisticated.

2. The treaty established the conditions by which peace would be maintained.

3. He was unsure whether he should take the job offer or not.

4. The author, whose book won several awards, will be speaking at the event.

TRAINING 4 관계사 기타
1. It also is part of the process of selection ① by which biological evolution
functions. [2019 9월]

2. Such questions require the decision maker to evaluate the ethics of his or her
choice and decide ⑤ whether to ask for guidance. [2023 9월]

3. The great markers of Stonehenge point to the spots on the horizon ③ where the
sun rises at the solstices and equinoxes — the dates we still use to mark the
beginnings of the seasons. [2022 6월]

4. The gossip producer assumes that some of the “fame” of the subject of gossip, as
⑤ whose “friend” he presents himself, will rub off on him. [2020 9월]
약점 공략 어법 2강

WEAK POINT 5 부정사, 동명사

Q. “Monumental” is a word that comes very close to ① expressing the basic
characteristic of Egyptian art. [2019 수능]

SOLUTION 5 부정사, 동명사

# to부정사
- to부정사의 3가지 용법 확인 (명사 / 형용사 /부사)
- 가주어 it - 진주어 (to 동사)

# 동명사
- 전치사 + 동명사
- 전치사 + 의미상의 주어 + 동명사

1. The manager instructed the team to complete the project by the deadline.

2. The teacher encouraged the students to participate in the competition.

3. Contributing to scientific research can be incredibly rewarding and intellectually

stimulating.

4. She faced the challenge of balancing her professional ambitions with personal
well-being.

TRAINING 5 부정사, 동명사

1. The emphasis on superiority is what we typically see as ④ fostering a detrimental
effect of competition. [2021 9월]

2. Instead, the wonderful (and wise) Wizard makes them aware that they, not he,
always had the power ② to fulfill their wishes. [2024 6월]

3. In some circumstances, it may pave the way for genetic variants ③ to take hold in
the population of a species and eventually allow the emergence of a new species in
place of the old one. [2019 9월]
4. Safe passages, for example, enable migratory species ⑤ to survive. [2023 6월]

5. To begin with a psychological reason, the knowledge of another’s personal affairs

can tempt the possessor of this information ① to repeat it as gossip because as
unrevealed information it remains socially inactive. [2020 9월]

6. Remember what it felt like ⑤ to go on your first date — palms sweat when you’re
close to something you want. [2024 9월]

7. That is, they seem to have an innate drive to imitate others whom they judge ⑤
to be ‘like me’. [2024 수능]

WEAK POINT 6> 진짜동사

Q. The courage the Lion wants, the intelligence the Scarecrow longs for, and the
emotions the Tin Man dreams of ③ being attributes they already possess.
[2024 6월]

SOLUTION 6> 진짜동사

#진짜동사
- 문장의 구조를 파악해서 진짜 동사(V) 자리와 준동사(Ving / to V) 자리를 구별
- 접속사 다음에는 주어, 동사가 1개씩 있어야 함
- 문장 제일 첫머리에 동사를 쓰면 명령문

TRAINING 6> 진짜동사

1. ② Learn how to choose from alternatives and make a decision requires not only
good personal values, but also knowledge competence in the business area of
concern. [2023 9월]

2. Only when the information is repeated can its possessor ② turn the fact that he
knows something into something socially valuable like social recognition, prestige, and
notoriety. [2020 9월]

3. But knowing and not telling does not give him that feeling of “superiority that, so
to say, latently contained in the secret, fully ④ actualizing itself only at the moment
of disclosure.” [2020 9월]
4. When you feel your heart beating or your breath quickening, ③ realizing that it is
your body’s way of trying to give you more energy. [2024 9월]

5. With this form of agency comes the belief that individual successes ② depending
primarily on one’s own abilities and actions, and thus, whether by influencing the
environment or trying to accept one’s circumstances, the use of control ultimately
centers on the individual. [2021 6월]

WEAK POINT 7> 수일치

Q. The provision of timely, constructive feedback to participants on performance ② is
an asset that some competitions and contests offer. [2021 9월]

SOLUTION 7> 수일치

#수일치
- 문장의 동사 자리에 보기 위치
- 주어와 동사를 일치시키는 문제

1. The results of the experiment, which were surprising to the researchers, show
significant potential for future studies.

2. The team of experts, despite the challenges they faced, has managed to complete
the project on time.

3. The effects of the new policy, particularly on small businesses, remain a topic of
heated debate.
 TRAINING 7> 수일치
1. A special harmony ④ emerges that we missed before. [2020 6월]

2. Speculations about the meaning and purpose of prehistoric art ① rely heavily on
analogies drawn with modern-day hunter-gatherer societies. [2020 수능]

3. Stonehenge, the 4,000-year-old ring of stones in southern Britain, ② is perhaps the

best-known monument to the discovery of regularity and predictability in the world
we inhabit. [2022 6월]

4. One obvious drawback is the danger involved; knowing that it exists ④ does
nothing to reduce it. [2021 수능]

5. As far as communication between humans is concerned, such commonality of

interests ① is rarely achieved; even a pregnant mother has reasons to mistrust the
chemical signals sent by her fetus. [2022 9월]

WEAK POINT 8> 병렬

Q. He can take what’s offered or ④ refused to take anything. [2019 6월]

SOLUTION 8> 병렬
#병렬
- and가 보기 왼쪽에 보인다면 병렬 문제
- 병렬 관계의 성분들은 형태가 같아야 함

1. The cell prepares to divide or differentiates into a specific type.

2. They decided to invest in the project and take a calculated risk.

3. The artist aims to capture emotions and convey a deeper message.

 TRAINING 8> 병렬
1. For example, we might hear a song on the radio for the first time that catches
our interest and ② decide we like it. [2020 6월]

2. Employee also need to know when to rely on their organizations’ policies and
codes of ethics or ③ have discussions with co-workers or managers on appropriate
conduct. [2023 9월]

3. The existence of Stonehenge, built by people without writing, bears silent

testimony both to the regularity of nature and to the ability of the human mind to
see behind immediate appearances and ⑤ discovers deeper meanings in events. [2022
6월]

4. After the cell has grown to the proper size, its metabolism shifts as it either
prepares to divide or matures and ③ differentiates into a specialized cell. [2022 수능]

WEAK POINT 9> 형용사/부사

Q. Fashion is among the simplest and cheapest methods of self-expression: clothes
can be ④ inexpensively purchased while making it easy to convey notions of wealth,
intellectual stature, relaxation or environmental consciousness, even if none of these is
true. [2023 수능]

SOLUTION 9> 형용사/부사

#형용사/부사
- 형용사와 부사를 구별!
-자리에 따라서 형용사/부사 판단하기

형용사 자리 : 명사 수식, 주격보어, 목적격보어

부사 자리 : 형용사, 부사, 문장 수식
 TRAINING 9> 형용사/부사
1. The provision of that type of feedback can be interpreted as shifting the emphasis
to demonstrating superior performance but not ③ necessarily excellence. [2021 9월]

2. Thus starvation is a disvalue that can help make ④ possible the good of greater
diversity. [2019 9월]

3. An interesting aspect of human psychology is that we tend to like things more

약점 공략 어법 3강

WEAK POINT 10> 대명사

Q. Many modern structures exceed ③ those of Egypt in terms of purely physical size.
[2019 수능]

SOLUTION 10> 대명사

#대명사
- 대명사가 가리키는 명사가 단수인지 복수인지 파악

단수 명사를 가리키는 대명사 → it / its / one

복수 명사를 가리키는 대명사 → they / them / their / ones

- 재귀대명사(myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, themselves, itself)는 동사의 대상

과 주체가 같을 때 사용

1. The students submitted their assignments on time.

2. She reminded herself of the meeting schedule.

3. The team congratulated themselves on the victory.

TRAINING 10> 대명사

1. Clothes are part of how people present ② them to the world, and fashion locates
them in the present, relative to what is happening in society and to fashion’s own
history. [2023 수능]

2. They do so because they expect the Wizard to give ① them what they are
missing. [2024 6월]

3. Starvation helps filter out those less fit to survive, those less resourceful in finding
food for ② themselves and their young. [2019 9월]
4. In the practice of totemism, he has suggested, an unlettered humanity “broods
upon ⑤ itself and its place in nature.” [2020 수능]
5. They can be defined as ranging from the communities and interactions of
organisms in your mouth or ① those in the canopy of a rain forest to all those in
Earth’s oceans. [2023 6월]

6. Early astronomy provided information about when to plant crops and gave humans
① their first formal method of recording the passage of time. [2022 6월]

7. As long as he keeps his information to ③ himself, he may feel superior to those

who do not know it. [2020 9월]

8. They can also sidestep most of the ethical issues involved: nobody, presumably, is
more aware of an experiment’s potential hazards than the scientist who devised ② it.
[2021 수능]

9. Even when the stress doesn’t feel helpful — as in the case of anxiety — welcoming
it can transform ② it into something that is helpful: more energy, more confidence,
and a greater willingness to take action. [2024 9월]

10. In other words, they not only have an innate capacity for matching their own
kinaesthetically experienced bodily movements with ④ those of others that are visually
perceived; they have an innate drive to do so. [2024 수능]

11. A prey can convince a predator not to chase ② it. [2022 9월]

WEAK POINT 11> 대동사

Q. Never before and never since has the quality of monumentality been achieved as
fully as it ② did in Egypt. [2019 수능]

SOLUTION 11> 대동사

#대동사
-대동사가 가리키는 동사를 찾아서 [일반동사 / be동사]를 구분해서 문제 해결
-동사와 연결된 주어와의 수일치까지 고려

일반동사를 대신하는 대동사 → do/does/did

be동사의 대신하는 대동사 → am/are/is/was/were

1. The company aims to reduce its carbon footprint, just as its competitors ⑤ do.
2. The latest model of the smartphone offers more features and better performance
than its predecessor ② did.

3. The ancient civilization built massive structures, and many of these still stand today,
as impressive as they ② were.

TRAINING 11> 대동사

1. Information about performance can be very helpful, not only to the participant
who does not win or place but also to those who ⑤ do. [2021 9월]

2. Each daughter cell is smaller than the mother cell, and except for unusual cases,
each grows until it becomes as large as the mother cell ② was. [2022 수능]

WEAK POINT 12> 분사

Q. As a form of expression, fashion contains a host of ambiguities, enabling
individuals to recreate the meanings ③ associated with specific pieces of clothing.
[2023 수능]

SOLUTION 12> 분사
#분사
- 현재분사, 과거분사를 구별해서 문제 해결
- 다양한 경우에 구별법 익히기

명사를 수식하는 분사 : 수식받는 명사와 분사의 능동/수동 관계

5형식 목적격 보어 자리의 분사 : 목적어와 분사의 능동/수동 관계
감정을 나타내는 분사는 감정을 느끼면 p.p.를 사용

#분사구문
- 분사구문에 보기 위치
- 문장의 주어를 찾아서 분사구문과 능동 관계이면 현재분사, 수동 관계이면 과거분사가 정답
- with 분사구문은 명사와 현재분사, 과거분사의 관계를 따져서 풀이
with + 명사 + 현재분사 (명사와의 관계가 능동)
과거분사 (명사와의 관계가 수동)
1. The artist creates beautiful paintings, using a variety of techniques.

2. The students, understanding the importance of the topic, paid close attention to
the lecture.
3. The scientist avoided the restrictions associated with the new regulations.

TRAINING 12> 분사
1. Fashion can also strengthen agency in various ways, ⑤ opening up space for
action. [2023 수능]

2. Many people offer an equal split to the partner, ⑤ leaving both individuals happy
and willing to trust each other in the future. [2019 6월]

3. After all, didn’t they demonstrate those qualities on the journey to Oz, a journey
⑤ motivated by little more than an expectation, an idea about the future likelihood
of getting something they wanted? [2024 6월]

4. When considered in this light, the visual preoccupation of early humans with the
nonhuman creatures ④ inhabited their world becomes profoundly meaningful. [2020
수능]

5. The processes ② governing them differ in complexity and speed. [2023 6월]

6. Divide an ecosystem into parts by creating barriers, and the sum of the
productivity of the parts will typically be found to be lower than the productivity of
the whole, other things ④ being equal. [2023 6월]

7. A cell is “born” as a twin when its mother cell divides, ① producing two daughter
cells. [2022 수능]

8. Scientists who experiment on themselves can, functionally if not legally, avoid the
restrictions ① associated with experimenting on other people. [2021 수능]

9. From birth, infants will orient preferentially towards the human face and voice, ①
seeming to know that such stimuli are particularly meaningful for them. [2024 수능]

10. In the case of humans, honesty is maintained by a set of cognitive mechanisms

that evaluate ⑤ communicated information. [2022 9월]

11. The independent self may be more ③ driven to cope by appealing to a sense of
agency or control. [2021 6월]
약점 공략 어휘 1강

WEAK POINT> 명시적 반의어 보기

어휘 문제의 보기들 중에서 명시적으로 반의어 관계를 가진 보기들은 정답으로 의심해 볼 수 있
습니다. 어휘의 반의어를 떠올리면서 맥락을 살펴 보세요.

SOLUTION> 명시적 반의어 보기

invisible (보이지 않는) - visible (보이는)
unaware (모르는) - aware (알고 있는)
disagree (동의하지 않다) - agree (동의하다)
impossible (불가능한) - possible (가능한)
inactive (활동하지 않는) - active (활동적인)
uncomfortable (불편한) - comfortable (편안한)
inefficient (비효율적인) - efficient (효율적인)
uncertain (불확실한) - certain (확실한)
dishonest (정직하지 않은) - honest (정직한)
unreliable (신뢰할 수 없는) - reliable (신뢰할 수 있는)

TRAINING>
[2020 9월]
If I say to you, ‘Don’t think of a white bear’, you will find it difficult not to think of
a white bear. In this way, ‘thought suppression can actually increase the thoughts one
wishes to suppress instead of calming them’. One common example of this is that
people on a diet who try not to think about food often begin to think much ①
more about food. This process is therefore also known as the rebound effect. The ②
ironic effect seems to be caused by the interplay of two related cognitive processes.
This dual-process system involves, first, an intentional operating process, which
consciously attempts to locate thoughts ③ unrelated to the suppressed ones. Second,
and simultaneously, an unconscious monitoring process tests whether the operating
system is functioning effectively. If the monitoring system encounters thoughts
inconsistent with the intended ones, it prompts the intentional operating process to
ensure that these are replaced by ④ inappropriate thoughts. However, it is argued,
the intentional operating system can fail due to increased cognitive load caused by
fatigue, stress and emotional factors, and so the monitoring process filters the
inappropriate thoughts into consciousness, making them highly ⑤ accessible.
 SOLUTION> 명시적 반의어 보기
ascend(올라가다) - descend (내려가다)
commend (칭찬하다) - condemn (비난하다)
embrace (포용하다) - reject (거부하다)
advance (전진하다) - retreat (후퇴하다)
accumulate (축적하다) - disperse (분산시키다)
accept (수락하다) - deny (거절하다)
authorize (승인하다) - prohibit (금지하다)
enhance (강화하다) - diminish (감소시키다)
facilitate (촉진하다) - hinder (방해하다)
expand (확장하다) - contract (축소하다)
activate (활성화하다) - deactivate (비활성화하다)

TRAINING>
[2021 수능]
How the bandwagon effect occurs is demonstrated by the history of measurements
of the speed of light. Because this speed is the basis of the theory of relativity, it’s
one of the most frequently and carefully measured ① quantities in science. As far as
we know, the speed hasn’t changed over time. However, from 1870 to 1900, all the
experiments found speeds that were too high. Then, from 1900 to 1950, the ②
opposite happened — all the experiments found speeds that were too low! This kind
of error, where results are always on one side of the real value, is called “bias.” It
probably happened because over time, experimenters subconsciously adjusted their
results to ③ match what they expected to find. If a result fit what they expected,
they kept it. If a result didn’t fit, they threw it out. They weren’t being intentionally
dishonest, just ④ influenced by the conventional wisdom. The pattern only changed
when someone ⑤ lacked the courage to report what was actually measured instead
of what was expected.
* bandwagon effect: 편승 효과
 SOLUTION> 명시적 반의어 보기
painstakingly (공들여) - effortlessly (수월하게)
tediously (지루하게) - excitingly (흥미롭게)
strenuously (격렬하게) - lightly (가볍게)
intensely (집중적으로) - mildly (온화하게)
rigorously (철저하게) - loosely (느슨하게)
painfully (고통스럽게) - comfortably (편안하게)
thoroughly (철저하게) - superficially (피상적으로)
vigorously (활발하게) - weakly (약하게)

TRAINING>
[2019 수능]
Europe’s first Homo sapiens lived primarily on large game, particularly reindeer. Even
under ideal circumstances, hunting these fast animals with spear or bow and arrow is
an ① uncertain task. The reindeer, however, had a ② weakness that mankind would
mercilessly exploit: it swam poorly. While afloat, it is uniquely ③ vulnerable, moving
slowly with its antlers held high as it struggles to keep its nose above water. At
some point, a Stone Age genius realized the enormous hunting ④ advantage he
would gain by being able to glide over the water’s surface, and built the first boat.
Once the ⑤ laboriously overtaken and killed prey had been hauled aboard, getting its
body back to the tribal camp would have been far easier by boat than on land. It
would not have taken long for mankind to apply this advantage to other goods.
*exploit: 이용하다 **haul: 끌어당기다
 SOLUTION> 명시적 반의어 보기
accept (받아들이다) - reject (거부하다)
admit (인정하다) - deny (부인하다)
assert (주장하다) - refute (반박하다)
permit (허가하다) - forbid (금지하다)
acknowledge (인정하다) - dispute (이의를 제기하다)
authorize (승인하다) - prohibit (금지하다)
commend (칭찬하다) - criticize (비판하다)
validate (확인하다) - invalidate (무효화하다)
support (지지하다) - oppose (반대하다)
affirm (확인하다) - negate (부정하다)
consent (동의하다) - dissent (반대하다)
advance (진보하다) - retreat (후퇴하다)
confirm (확인하다) - deny (부인하다)
approve (승인하다) - disapprove (반대하다)

TRAINING>
[2020 수능]
Suppose we know that Paula suffers from a severe phobia. If we reason that Paula is
afraid either of snakes or spiders, and then ① establish that she is not afraid of
snakes, we will conclude that Paula is afraid of spiders. However, our conclusion is
reasonable only if Paula’s fear really does concern either snakes or spiders. If we
know only that Paula has a phobia, then the fact that she’s not afraid of snakes is
entirely ② consistent with her being afraid of heights, water, dogs or the number
thirteen. More generally, when we are presented with a list of alternative explanations
for some phenomenon, and are then persuaded that all but one of those
explanations are ③ unsatisfactory, we should pause to reflect. Before ④ denying that
the remaining explanation is the correct one, consider whether other plausible options
are being ignored or overlooked. The fallacy of false choice misleads when we’re
insufficiently attentive to an important hidden assumption, that the choices which
have been made explicit exhaust the ⑤ sensible alternatives.
* plausible: 그럴듯한 ** fallacy: 오류
 SOLUTION> 명시적 반의어 보기
reduce (줄이다) - increase (증가하다)
contract (축소하다) - expand (확장하다)
weaken (약화시키다) - strengthen (강화하다)
minimize (최소화하다) - maximize (최대화하다)
shrink (줄어들다) - enlarge (확대하다)
diminish (작아지다) - extend (광범위해지다)
undermine (약화시키다) - fortify (강화하다)

TRAINING>
[2022 9월]
Although the wonders of modern technology have provided people with opportunities
beyond the wildest dreams of our ancestors, the good, as usual, is weakened by a
downside. One of those downsides is that anyone who so chooses can pick up the
virtual megaphone that is the Internet and put in their two cents on any of an
infinite number of topics, regardless of their ① qualifications. After all, on the
Internet, there are no regulations ② preventing a kindergarten teacher from offering
medical advice or a physician from suggesting ways to safely make structural changes
to your home. As a result, misinformation gets disseminated as information, and it is
not always easy to ③ differentiate the two. This can be particularly frustrating for
scientists, who spend their lives learning how to understand the intricacies of the
world around them, only to have their work summarily ④ challenged by people
whose experience with the topic can be measured in minutes. This frustration is then
⑤ diminished by the fact that, to the general public, both the scientist and the
challenger are awarded equal credibility.
* put in one’s two cents: 의견을 말하다 ** disseminate: 퍼뜨리다 *** intricacy: 복잡성
약점 공략 어휘 2강

WEAK POINT> 맥락에 맞지 않는 단어

명시적인 반의어가 아닌, 맥락에 맞지 않는 단어가 들어가 있는 경우가 있습니다. 이 때는 글의
주제, 맥락을 파악해서 문제를 해결해야 합니다.

SOLUTION>
Others’ distrust of her might then forbid her to perform her share of the duties in a
way that makes her more worthy of their trust.
→ Others’ distrust of her might then motivate her to perform her share of the duties
in a way that makes her more worthy of their trust.

실전 트레이닝
[2019 6월]
Sometimes the awareness that one is distrusted can provide the necessary incentive
for self-reflection. An employee who ① realizes she isn’t being trusted by her
co-workers with shared responsibilities at work might, upon reflection, identify areas
where she has consistently let others down or failed to follow through on previous
commitments. Others’ distrust of her might then ② forbid her to perform her share
of the duties in a way that makes her more worthy of their trust. But distrust of one
who is ③ sincere in her efforts to be a trustworthy and dependable person can be
disorienting and might cause her to doubt her own perceptions and to distrust
herself. Consider, for instance, a teenager whose parents are ④ suspicious and
distrustful when she goes out at night; even if she has been forthright about her
plans and is not ⑤ breaking any agreed-upon rules, her identity as a respectable
moral subject is undermined by a pervasive parental attitude that expects deceit and
betrayal.
*forthright: 솔직한, 거리낌 없는 **pervasive: 널리 스며 있는
 SOLUTION>
The salience of external controls drives the acquisition of self-responsibility.
→ The salience of external controls undermines the acquisition of self-responsibility.

실전 트레이닝>
[2024 6월]
Internalization depends on supports for autonomy. Contexts that use controlling
strategies such as salient rewards and punishments or evaluative, selfesteem-hooking
pressures are ① least likely to lead people to value activities as their own. This is not
to say that controls don’t ② work to produce behavior — decades of operant
psychology prove that they can. It is rather that the more salient the external control
over a person’s behavior, the more the person is likely to be merely externally
regulated or introjected in his or her actions. Consequently, the person does not ③
develop a value or investment in the behaviors, but instead remains dependent on
external controls. Thus, parents who reward, force, or cajole their child to do
homework are more likely to have a child who does so only when rewarded, cajoled,
or forced. The salience of external controls ④ drives the acquisition of
self-responsibility. Alternatively, parents who supply reasons, show an emotional
understanding of difficulties overcoming problems, and use a ⑤ minimum of external
incentives are more likely to cultivate a sense of willingness and value for work in
their child.
* autonomy: 자율성 ** salient: 두드러진 *** introject: 투입하다
 SOLUTION>
In addition, there are benefits to the extensive use of either manure or legumes as
“green manure” crops.
→ In addition, there are constraints to the extensive use of either manure or legumes
as “green manure” crops.

실전 트레이닝>
[2022 수능]
It has been suggested that “organic” methods, defined as those in which only natural
products can be used as inputs, would be less damaging to the biosphere.
Large-scale adoption of “organic” farming methods, however, would ① reduce yields
and increase production costs for many major crops. Inorganic nitrogen supplies are
② essential for maintaining moderate to high levels of productivity for many of the
non-leguminous crop species, because organic supplies of nitrogenous materials often
are either limited or more expensive than inorganic nitrogen fertilizers. In addition,
there are ③ benefits to the extensive use of either manure or legumes as “green
manure” crops. In many cases, weed control can be very difficult or require much
hand labor if chemicals cannot be used, and ④ fewer people are willing to do this
work as societies become wealthier. Some methods used in “organic” farming,
however, such as the sensible use of crop rotations and specific combinations of
cropping and livestock enterprises, can make important ⑤ contributions to the
sustainability of rural ecosystems.
* nitrogen fertilizer: 질소 비료 ** manure: 거름 *** legume: 콩과(科) 식물
 SOLUTION>
However, the most direct approach to accommodating automobile demand is making
motorized travel more expensive or restricting it with administrative rules.
→ However, the most direct approach to managing automobile demand is making
motorized travel more expensive or restricting it with administrative rules.

실전 트레이닝>
[2022 6월]
In recent years urban transport professionals globally have largely acquiesced to the
view that automobile demand in cities needs to be managed rather than
accommodated. Rising incomes inevitably lead to increases in motorization. Even
without the imperative of climate change, the physical constraints of densely inhabited
cities and the corresponding demands of accessibility, mobility, safety, air pollution,
and urban livability all ① limit the option of expanding road networks purely to
accommodate this rising demand. As a result, as cities develop and their residents
become more prosperous, ② persuading people to choose not to use cars becomes
an increasingly key focus of city managers and planners. Improving the quality of ③
alternative options, such as walking, cycling, and public transport, is a central element
of this strategy. However, the most direct approach to ④ accommodating automobile
demand is making motorized travel more expensive or restricting it with administrative
rules. The contribution of motorized travel to climate change ⑤ reinforces this
imperative.
* acquiesce: 따르다 ** imperative: 불가피한 것 *** constraint: 압박
 SOLUTION>
The longer we continue to believe that computers will take us to a magical new
world, the longer we will maintain their natural fusion with our lives, the hallmark of
every major movement that aspires to be called a socioeconomic revolution.
→ The longer we continue to believe that computers will take us to a magical new
world, the longer we will delay their natural fusion with our lives, the hallmark of
every major movement that aspires to be called a socioeconomic revolution.

실전 트레이닝
[2023 수능]
Everywhere we turn we hear about almighty “cyberspace”! The hype promises that we
will leave our boring lives, put on goggles and body suits, and enter some metallic,
three-dimensional, multimedia otherworld. When the Industrial Revolution arrived with
its great innovation, the motor, we didn’t leave our world to go to some ① remote
motorspace! On the contrary, we brought the motors into our lives, as automobiles,
refrigerators, drill presses, and pencil sharpeners. This ② absorption has been so
complete that we refer to all these tools with names that declare their usage, not
their “motorness.” These innovations led to a major socioeconomic movement precisely
because they entered and ③ affected profoundly our everyday lives. People have not
changed fundamentally in thousands of years. Technology changes constantly. It’s the
one that must ④ adapt to us. That’s exactly what will happen with information
technology and its devices under human-centric computing. The longer we continue
to believe that computers will take us to a magical new world, the longer we will ⑤
maintain their natural fusion with our lives, the hallmark of every major movement
that aspires to be called a socioeconomic revolution.
* hype: 과대광고 ** hallmark: 특징