GENERAL CONCILIATION FEDERATION OF THE

ASSEMBLIES OF GOD OF VENEZUELA

MINISTRY OF CHRISTIAN EDUCATION
EVANGELICAL THEOLOGICAL BIBLE INSTITUTE
Rev. Celestino Rodríguez Quero.
CABIMAS – ZULIA DISTRICT.

MAJOR PROPHETS

STUDY MANUAL

PREPARATORY POR:

Ms. INGRIS CÓLINA

 INTRODUCTION TO THE SUBJECT

The books of the major prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel) are
full of teachings for believers of all times.

The lives of these men are lives that inspire to believe, to hope, and to trust.
in God, since they lived through all the vicissitudes of their time, but also
they could experience the fulfillment of God's purpose for their lives and be of
great blessing for other people and even for entire nations.

They are lives, characters, prophecies, teachings, values, and countless promises.
from God that continue to be relevant for each one of us.

The major prophets are a complement to the minor ones, they were raised up.
to warn Israel and Judah of the judgments that would come if they persisted in their behavior
rebellious and obstinate, towards God and towards the promises of restoration that they brought
if they repented and turned back to him.

To take into account:

1. The term prophet: comes from the Greek word 'profetes' and means one who
speaks on behalf of another, who publicly speaks in the name of Jehovah.
According to the modern concept, one who predicts or announces the future.
priests and prophets were almost the same but with one difference, the
The priest had a service, while the prophet had a calling.

2. The word prophet in the Hebrew language:

a) Roch: appears once, means seer and describes the man with
spiritual perceptions.
b) Crozeh: it appears twenty-one times and emphasizes the vision more than the message.
c) Nabi: appears three hundred times, it is the most used term for prophet.

3. Names of the prophets:

Man of God (1st Samuel 9:6; 1st Kings 12:22)
Messenger of Jehovah (Isaiah 41:19; Haggai 1:13)
Seer (1 Samuel 9:9)
Prophet (Deuteronomy 18:15; Nehemiah 9:30)

4. Function of the prophets: to make known the will of God; the activity of
The era of the prophet was, therefore, very broad, because the people had to know the will of
God in all spheres of life.
 The prophets were interpreters of God's law and had to give to
to know, not only the lyrics, but rather the spiritual meaning, the meaning
of the law for national, personal, political, and social life. We can say that the
prophets were like shepherds, their task is related to the three divisions
of time: past, present, and future.

5. Characteristics of the prophets:

They are aware of having been called by God.
Man of an intimate and profound communion with God.
Willing to deliver the message whatever it may be.
His message was confirmed by specific signals.
They knew and kept the law.
Vivian in the present of her time.

INTRODUCTION TO THE BOOK OF ISAIAH

Isaiah, the first of the major prophets, whose name means 'Jehovah is
salvation or Jehovah saves”, was the greatest of the prophets with a written ministry.
I carry out his ministry in Judah during the reigns of four kings, possibly
between the years 740 and 680 BC, a period that totals around sixty years, during
Samaria was taken and Israel was carried away captive, approximately 722-721 BC.
And Judah was invaded by Sennacherib, 701 B.C. the themes of the declarations of Isaiah
They reach back to the eternal designs of God and the creation of the universe.
(42:5), and contemplate a future time when God would create new heavens and a new
earth (65:17; 66:22). No other prophet has written about the glory of God with a
such majestic eloquence (chap. 40). All the nations of the earth are included in
the scope of Isaiah's predictions (2:4; 5:26; 14:6,26; 40:15, 17,22; 66:18).

For a better understanding of the book of Isaiah, it is important to study the

historical data contained in 2 Kings 15-20 and 2 Chronicles 26-32. These chapters
they give us information regarding the political, economic, and religious conditions that
they prevailed in the times of the prophet.

1. ANALYSIS OF THE BOOK OF ISAIAH.

Historical background:
Isaiah prophesied during the reigns of the following kings of Judah:
(the year King Uzziah died), Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah; and in that
During the time Jeroboam II reigned in Israel; all were great kings and
powerful, long and flourishing reigns. By that time the prophet
Amos prophesied in Israel, while Isaiah performed the function
of the prophet and statesman in Judah.
Isaiah began his ministry in the year that the king tragically died.
Uzziah, who was punished with leprosy for his stubborn sacrilege.
During the last years of his reign, his son took over as regent.
Jotam, who was fearful of God and faithful until the end of his life.
Jotam was succeeded by the idolatrous and wicked Ahaz, and he was succeeded by his son Hezekiah.

being pious and fearful of God for most of his life, but at
he became proud and vain after the miracle of his
health

There has been much discussion about the second part of Isaiah, starting from
from chapter 40. There is undoubtedly a clear cut at the end of
chapter 39. The difference can be explained in one of these two ways
Ways: the traditional thesis holds that chapters 40-66 were
composed in the last years of Isaiah's life and constitute
prophetic predictions (possibly messages gathered in a
later period). Due to the focus on captivity in this section,
others maintain that it was composed by some unknown prophet
what he wrote after the events occurred and not before.
A variant of this position suggests an Isaiaca school in which
the prophet's disciples spoke in their master's name with
posterity after his death.
In any case, we cannot overlook that the book presents a unity,
this when we consider prediction as a fundamental part of the
prophetic message, there is no convenient reason to deny the unity of
book, although, as in other cases, it was probably subjected to
a later writing.

Trial and Salvation

Characteristics:
Already in the times of Isaiah, the kingdom of Solomon had been many years ago.
which had been divided into the kingdoms of the north and the south. The kingdom of
in 740 BC, faced the attack from Israel (northern kingdom) and
from Syria. Assyria defeated Syria, thus threatening Israel. Samaria fell.
and Israel was taken captive (722 BC). Assyria now attacks Judah (kingdom
from the south), who requested help from Egypt. Isaiah wrote historically and
prophetically. Chapters 36 to 39 recount his own life and
activities during the time of Hezekiah. The rest of the first
part contains prophecies about Judah and Jerusalem, and of Judah with
 regarding Egypt and Assyria. The language of Isaiah is energetic and
vigorous. Starting in chapter 40, the language becomes solemn,
pathetic and is characterized by poetic outbursts of moving
greatness. The second part of the book is abundant in messages of
redemption and messianic hope. Isaiah paints a vivid picture
employing figures of rocks, forests, mountains, flocks of sheep,
cedars, acacias, and torrents of flowing water. Nowhere else
from A.T it is possible to find such a vivid panorama of the calvary
like in Isaiah 53.
This book is written in excellent Hebrew poetic form.
vocabulary.
This is the most theological and extensive book of all the prophetic books.
from A.T.

Purpose of the book: a triple purpose is noted.

a) The prophet confronted his nation and other nations
contemporary with the word of the Lord regarding its
sin and the coming judgment of God.
b) Through revealing visions and the Spirit of prophecy, Isaiah
I prophesy hope to the entire future generation of Jews
exiles who would be restored from captivity in due time
and whom God would redeem as a light for the non-Jews.
c) Isaiah prophesied that God was going to send the Davidic Messiah, whose
salvation included all the nations of the earth, thereby
hope for the people of God under the old covenant and the new.

I. Volume of censures and promises: 1:1-6:13.

Isaiah accuses the people of Judah, denouncing their sin and rebellion.
II. Volume of Emanuel: 7:1-12:6.
Isaiah prophesies to Ahaz the coming of Emmanuel.
III. Volume of oracles concerning the pagan nations: 13.1-23.18.
Babylon, Assyria, Palestine, Moab, Syria, Ethiopia, Egypt, Edom
Arabia, Tyre.
IV. First volume of censorship and general promise: 34:1-27:13.
The whole world will be judged. Song of praise. God judges.
V. Warning volume to the unbelievers of Israel: 28:1-33:24.
The alliance of Judah with Egypt is deadly.
VI. Second volume of censorship and general promise: 34:1-35:10.
 Prophecy about the destruction of hostile nations and the
restoration of Zion.
VII. The volume of Ezekiel: 36:1-39:8.
Invasion of Sennacherib, his defeat, Babylonian captivity, the king
he is cured, his foolishness.
VIII. Volume of comfort and security: 40:1-66:24.
Announcement of liberation for the people of God.

2. The Calling of Isaiah. Chapter 6

This account of the calling of Isaiah is a matter of differing opinions in
Regarding whether it precedes or not the first five chapters, its location
The chronological account at the end of the reign of King Uzziah is clear and indisputable. The book
shows that Isaiah could have been of aristocratic origin and that he had
access to the court, before the king and the princes. Isaiah was privileged
when God granted him the vision of His glory and of Himself, this gave him
I demonstrate that he was a mere mortal, with incapacities and the need to
to depend exclusively on God, for he showed him majesty and the
power of God that anointed and commissioned him as his prophet.
The ministry of Isaiah was very difficult because he had to operate in the midst of
a completely irresponsible and hard-hearted people (vr.9-10).
It is worth noting:

1) The vision, the glory of Christ (Jn. 12:41; Is 6:1-4)

2) The effect of the vision. Isaiah's awareness of his sinfulness and
indignity (vr.5)
3) Its cleanliness and calling (v.6-8)
4) The deserved hardening and blindness of Israel for his
conscious rejection of light (vr.9-10; Mt. 13:14-15; Jn. 12:39 and 40;
Acts 28:25-28.

The ministry of the prophet ended with one of the most powerful miracles of
all ages: the supernatural destruction of the Assyrians; which was at the same time a
flag waved by God to warn Israel not to fall into
the cliff.

5) The question of Isaiah (v. 11), that is, how long would it last
blindness of Israel? The answer was: until the cities are
devastated, the people be taken captive to exile and the faithful return
remnant "a tenth part" (Mt. 23:39; Lc. 21:24; Ro. 11:25).
 The prophet begins this chapter by recalling the death of King Uzziah. Also
It can be observed that in this vision Isaiah describes the existence of Seraphim.
(in Hebrew that which burns or shines, burning beings) on the throne of God. The
Jews believed that the seraphim were a higher order of angelic beings.
created to worship and glorify God.
In his ministerial work, Isaiah was to emphasize and declare the purposes of God even
when the people rejected his ministry (vr. 10). Such proclamation would be given
as a result of rebellion: the hardness of heart. God did not want to prevent the
regret, but preceded by the misunderstanding of the people; thus is expressed the
result as if it were the purpose.
In verse 13, it speaks to us about the trunk that remains after the tree is cut down,
A new nation will arise. Attention is concentrated on the remaining faithful with
which God will work.

3. The life of Isaiah.

Isaiah, son of Amoz (1:1), was born in Jerusalem around 760 B.C. and prophesied.
especially about Judah and Jerusalem. Among his contemporaries are Hosea and
Micah. His prophetic ministry lasted between 40 and 60 years in his hometown.
messages were addressed to kings, princes, and the common people. His name means
"Jehovah is salvation or Jehovah saves," very suitable for man and his message,
both for his own time and for the final consummation of redemption. Isaiah,
Moreover, he was a statesman, not without skill, acting with complete freedom as
counselor of the nation in the stormy days he lived.

He was married and had two children, Sear-jesub and Maher-salal-has-baz, whose names together
with yours represented a message for the people of Jerusalem (8:18).

His ability and preparation were among the best of his time. In body, mind,
temperament and personality, was superlatively endowed with qualities
more excellent for the highest functions. Isaiah had a complete knowledge of the
city, of the kingdom, of the surrounding nations and of world history, which made it
very suitable for interpreting the meaning of events in light of the
will of God. It is very likely that he was influenced by Amos, Hosea, and Micah.
The greatest influence of his life was, however, the hand of God, which guided him and
constantly urged to give his messages to the people.

According to tradition, Isaiah was sawed in half during the persecutions that were unleashed.
after the ascension of Manasseh to the throne of Judah (He. 11:37).
3. Prophecies in Isaiah.

The center of the prophetic message is found in the phrase 'on that day', which designates
the time when the Lord will come to restore His people Israel.

No text provided for translation.

Chapter 1: The discourse begins with a reprimand to the people for their sins, their
insensitivity and its ingratitude (2-4), then follows a picture about the consequences
of their sins (5-9), and the people are compared to a sick people, a hut
abandoned and in ruins and a devastated city. The futility of the
warning, the judgment being inevitable.

Chapters 2 to 4: Description of the millennial era (2:2-5).

2:6-4:1: Declaration of judgment: day of Jehovah, both immediate and future that is the
great tribulation, where all classes will be humiliated, they will end with the oppression and
the bad government; will also judge the proud in spirit and the vain women
beans.

3:16-24: Seventeen of the twenty-one ornaments mentioned here were those that
used the pagan goddess Istal. The women of Babylon took their models from
dresses of their favorite goddesses and the Israelites followed them in their customs.

4:2-6: Promised restorative future from God.

Chapter 5: First song:

Third speech: here Judah is compared to a vine that Jehovah has planted and
care with care. This symbolism represents the sins of the nation, which does not
I live according to my privileges and responsibilities, providing a list of these.
sins with the inevitable judgment that will come (8-30).

Chapter 6: The Calling of Isaiah (already studied).

Chapter 7: A warning and a promise to the house of David.

The circumstance of this prophecy was the invasion that Judah suffered from the kings.
confederates of Syria and Israel.

During the time of Isaiah, the Assyrian empire had reached the zenith of its power.

The son of the virgin: The perpetuation of the house of David meant more to God than
for Ahaz. This perpetuity is related to the fulfillment of the Davidic covenant.
17: The prophecy of Isaiah is directed to Ahaz as the representative of the house of David,
telling him that the same Assyrians he turns to for defense against Syria and Israel
they are the ones who will destroy Judah bringing desolation and hunger.

Chapter 8:1-8: in these passages Isaiah reveals the instructions that God gave to him
personally in the sense that during those stormy days of national crisis, I had to
remain aloof from forming possible alliances with other powers to achieve
help, and that he will await solely in the help of the Lord.

The names that the prophet and his sons bore: Isaiah (Jehovah saves), Sear-jesub
(a remnant will return), Maher-salal-has-baz (hasten to the spoil or the plunder)
they were a constant testimony everywhere to the faithfulness of God to save
the nation, to safeguard its perpetuation and to dominate its enemies.

19-22: are a warning about the dangerous consequences of resorting to the

witches, even if the nation is in crisis, one must only resort to the law and testimony, the
divine revelation.

Chapter 9: The region of Galilee, the tribes of Zebulun and Naphtali have entered into a
spiritual and tribal crisis due to having fallen into idolatrous practices; even so, the presence
From 'the son of the virgin,' Emanuel, the manifestation of God, would spread his light (1-7).

Chapter 10: Assyria, the instrument of God.

Isaiah has not yet abandoned the theme of the Assyrians in these early chapters, and
describe this nation as God's instrument to bring judgment upon Israel, the
the ally that Ahaz had sought with plea had now become a curse
for them because of their hypocrisy (5-6), but for their pride, arrogance, and having
cruelly exceeded in his mission, God will judge the Assyrians (7-19), thus he will learn
Israel should not trust in idolatrous nations (20).

Chapters 11 and 12: the invasion of Assyria into Palestine in those past centuries is a type
the announcement of a final invasion of Palestine. This is why the prophetic vision of the
Chapter 10, which continues in chapters 11 and 12, focuses on this larger one.
invasion of the earth in the last times by the 'Assyrian', that is the forces of
antichrist (note the mention of Assur, which means Assyria in 11:11 and 16)
relation to the last times and to the restoration of Israel.

Chapter 11 is strictly messianic, as it points to the anointed one as from the trunk of
Isaiah (1-3), shows the goodness of his reign (4-5), the wonderful transformation of
animal kingdom (6-8), and the era of justice and righteousness that will come with it (9). The prophet
foresee the blessings that it will bring to the gentile nations (10), the second
restoration after its dispersion throughout the world (11-16).
Chapter 12 records a joyous millennium song sung by the forgiven nation and
restored upon returning to her land glorifying the name of God. Blessed is that day.
When Jerusalem is praised again on the earth! And glorified is the name of the Lord!

Chapters 13-23: this section contains a series of 'burdens' or oracles, in which

the prophet speaks about some nations that surround Israel. Assyria had invaded
village after village until finally he attacked Israel and Judah and became a
world power. These chapters cover a period of two centuries and foreshadow the
God's judgment on the powers that had negative attitudes toward His people.

It is important to point out the relationships of Judah with its neighbors: Moab, Edom, Philistia,
with which he had continuous conflicts. Although within the borders of Judah and
subjected by David constantly sought to maintain a position
independent. Many times they were successful during the reigns of weak kings and
the wicked. Assyria had increased its power and was making continuous incursions all over.
parts. Egypt had been subdued by Ethiopia and both countries had been united by
a single dynasty, they were preparing for a future meeting between themselves, seeking a
alliance with Israel and with Judah.

Nations surrounding Israel:

Babylon (chapters 13 and 14:1-23): At this time this nation was fighting against Assyria
for its independence and that it was slowly growing in importance. Hence the
need for a divine revelation that would show the future power of Babylon and its
conquest of Judah a century and a half later (39:6), hence the cunning of Merodach-
from Baladan when he sent an embassy to Hezekiah (39:1-3).

Philistia (chapter 14.29-32): Originally called Palestine, from which later all
the land took its name, it was an enemy of Judah. A double calamity would befall them,
probably one from Sennacherib and another from Nebuchadnezzar (29). The last verse of the
chapter seems to require that its final compliance be in a research of the
people of this region about the meaning of the events in the last days.

Moab (chapters 15 and 16): This was another of the great and tireless enemies of Judah,
even though the Moabites were of the same blood. Moab was a constant threat to
Judah, although it always owed tribute to her while the people of God and their king.
they walked in their ways, but when Judah rebelled against Jehovah, Moab would shake
his yoke and freed himself from Judah. In 11:14, Isaiah points out the national resurrection of this
people in the last days and Jeremiah 48:47, implies that this nation will exist.
during the millennium along with the restored Israel.
Damascus (chapter 17): The prophecy of Isaiah related to the future destruction of
Syria and Israel in the hands of Shalmaneser, due to the alliance of Israel with Syria, the
The prophecy seems to be directed specifically at Israel.

Ethiopia (chapter 18): Cus or Ethiopia was a land south of Egypt that occupied the valley
from the Nile, above the first waterfall, including what we now know as
Nubia and Sudan. The prophet speaks of 'beyond the rivers of Ethiopia'. A better translation.
Verses 1, 2, and 7 could help us understand them better, although it has been given
different interpretations.

Chapter 19: Prophecy about Egypt. God tells Isaiah to enter Egypt for judgment.
and will make his idols tremble, will confuse the people until they fade away.

Chapter 20: Humiliation of Egypt and Ethiopia. Once again, the prophet serves as a sign.
as an objective lesson of his naked and barefoot walk, to vividly call the
Attention of Judah not to trust in Egypt and Ethiopia, whom the Lord would trouble.
until they are ashamed, being destroyed by the Assyrian hosts.

Talks about the invasion of the Medes - Persians to Babylon in the year 538
A.C. about 175 years after the vision. Then we find a prophecy about
Duma (Edom), in the form of questions and answers (11 and 12), starting from verse 13.
this is the prophecy about Arabia where it is pressured by invaders and they flee from the
forces that penetrate their fortresses.

Chapter 22: Prophecy about Jerusalem. It is very likely that the 'valley of vision' to
which refers to the valley of Jehoshaphat, where the prophet may have received his
revelations, the reference is undoubtedly about Jerusalem and its surroundings, the tumultuous
meeting of the people due to the imminent invasion (1-4), the immensity of the hosts
invaders (5-7), the weakness of the city's defenses and the hurried diversion of the
sources of water to supply the city (8-11). While the Lord sends them
He was calling for repentance and humility, the people were dedicated
indifferent and frivolously partying and feasting with death at the door
The proud and boastful Sebna is reprimanded by the prophet for exalting himself.
himself, he is removed from his position and is plunged into humiliation and death. He is given the
responsibility and authority to Eliaquim, son of Hilkiah, a servant of the Lord worthy of
trust (20-25). Here it describes the faithfulness of divine promises to the house of
David, when the Lord trusted in Eliakim and affirmed him as a statesman.

Chapter 23: Prophecy about Tyre. It was a prosperous city, the relations of Israel and
Judah and Tyre were always peaceful and friendly. However, it was an ungodly city.
proud and idolatrous. Her desolation would last for 70 years (15-17). The prophetic words
They also announce destruction and humiliation for this city. Tiro was besieged for
13 years by Nebuchadnezzar and finally it was taken by assault.

Chapters 24–35: This section presents Judah and Jerusalem from a broader judgment.
and restoration related to the millennial kingdom. The kingdom of Jerusalem was to be
exhausted and humiliated by Assyria, although in the end he would be gloriously freed and
greatly enriched with the spoils of their enemies. We have also had
some signs of the Babylonian captivity and the restoration of that captivity in its
posterior history. These judgments bring the prophetic vision towards the age of judgment and the
final restoration, the destruction of the inferior to establish the superior kingdom and
eternal.

Chapter 24: In the trials, we see the great tribulation that will be universal (24:16) in its
extension and no possible escape (17-18), terrible in its coming (19, 20). The expulsion of
Satan with his angels from the heavenly places (Rev. 12), along with the judgment of the
kings of the earth allied under the antichrist, this is clearly seen in (21). Likewise, his
confinement until his subsequent trial (22). The glory of the Lord, apparently for
to reign on Mount Zion, transcends the glory of the moon and the sun (23).

Chapter 25: Triumph of the Millennium era through the reign of the Messiah. Included
Praises to Jehovah for his faithfulness to the people (1), the destruction of the enemies
from Israel (2), and his recognition of Jehovah as God (3), the protection of his people
against his enemies (4-5) and his vindication before all the peoples to whom
God will make a feast of fattened creatures (6).

Chapter 26:1 to 27:1: A beautiful song of praise will arise to the Lord from
Jerusalem on the day of final liberation from all oppression and also for the presence
from the Lord himself in their midst. In 27:1 it continues with the end of chapter 26 and
predicts the destruction of the dragon, Satan, as well as of Leviathan (the Antichrist).

Chapter 27: Again "that day", the day of the Lord. Here Israel is a vineyard.
tenderly cared for (2-3), protected (4-5) and fruitful (6-8). There is a just punishment for
the rebels and the path prepared for the return of the repentant to the mountain of
Sion (9-13).

Chapters 28–31: Here a series of reprimands to the party in the city

especially formed by rulers and influential men, who instead
to heed the call of the prophet who urged them to national repentance and
submitting to Jehovah, they persisted in leading the people into an alliance with Egypt and Assyria.

Chapter 28: Warning to those who mock in Jerusalem. The fate of Israel
taken into captivity, used as a warning to those who mock in Jerusalem.
Chapter 29: Complaint against Jerusalem for lack of spiritual understanding. Here it is called
Ariel, the lion of God. It shows the visitation of God's wrath that will surely come if
they persist in their rebellion. Refusing to obey the message of God causes the
spiritual blindness. The judgment on the rebels will serve to produce conviction and
repentance for the meek.

Chapter 30: Denounces the people for asking Egypt for help. The only thing they will achieve
By forgetting God and turning back to Egypt, it would be shame and confusion because even the
Egyptians when they see the ambassadors of Judah will despise them.

Chapter 31: Once again, the complaint for resorting to the flesh arm shows the
the folly of depending on Egypt since they will fail while the Lord never will
Fall (1-5). He calls them to turn from idols to God who will defend them.

Chapter 32 - 35: Vision of the victory of Israel against all its enemies.

Chapter 32: The blessings of the reign of the Messiah, who will come in judgment, ruling
together with his princes and as a man who will be like a hiding place against him
wind (2), to illuminate and teach (3-4), to displace the miserly and exalt the
generous (5-8) and through His Spirit, transform the desert into cultivated land
(9-16)

Chapter 33: The one who plunders will be plundered and the Lord will be exalted in Jerusalem.
The prophecy is first for Assyria, but its distant gaze is toward the spoils of the enemy.
the end of Israel and the enrichment of Israel through dispossession (4), and the exaltation of the Lord
(5).

Chapter 34: The judgment of Edom, a type of all the enemies of Israel. Predicts a
general judgment of the nations and a terrible calamity upon Edom.

Chapter 35: Blessings in the millennium upon the earth and the people. Predicts
once again the glorious and final restoration of Israel (1-10).

Chapter 36 - 39: Invasion and defeat of Sennacherib. Sennacherib destroyed the defenses.
from the cities of Judah and around Jerusalem in the year 712-701 B.C approximately.
The alliance policy of Israel with Egypt was discovered by the official, ambassador of the
King of Assyria Rabsaces. The Rabsaces who was the chief cupbearer of the king, for this
Opportunity acted as an ambassador. In his meeting with Judah and the people.
I use a very haughty language towards the king and the people. Probably the
excessive security of being able to defeat them allowed him to speak this way.

Chapter 37: Supernatural liberation of the city in response to prayer. Isaiah

He showed not only as the spokesperson of God but also as a counselor of the people and a statesman.
Chapters 38-39: They recount the sudden illness of Hezekiah. He cried out to God.
seeking mercy, secondly the miraculous healing that God performed through
from the ministry of Isaiah; third, his pride in not giving glory to God who brought as
consequences of an invasion by the Chaldeans. There is no doubt that Hezekiah did not
I glorify God for healing, rather for the visit of the ambassadors he boasted.
of the treasures of Israel and the personal ones attracting greed for those who visited it.
Although Hezekiah repented and humbled himself, the Lord had already determined that Judah and
Jerusalem was taken captive to Babylon.

Chapter 40 – 66: This second part is one of consolation and is really addressed to the
Jewish nation, who cried out because of the abominations of the neighboring nations and
they needed comfort, which they found through these messages. The last
part is a clear prophecy about the Babylonian captivity. Here we discover that
we are facing the suffering remnant of the captivity.

There is a formal division of this part into 3 sections of 9 chapters each.

highlighted by the words 'there is no peace for the wicked, says Jehovah' (48:22; 57:21).

Chapters 40 - 48: The first division is the consolation for the return of the
Babylonian captivity.

Chapter 40: The power of God to bring His people back from exile. A great
consolation is seen because the total measure of punishment has been fulfilled and iniquity
has been forgiven.

Chapter 41: The impotence of nations to thwart the purposes of God

restore his people. God raised up Cyrus as the agent to fulfill his purpose of
free the exiles.

Chapter 42: The faithful servant, Christ, to whom the work of redemption is entrusted.

Chapter 43: The assurance that they will return to their land from captivity.

Chapter 44: Securities on the spiritual transformation necessary to achieve

the return of Babylon. The cause of the captivity was Israel's imitation of idolatry
of the nations that surrounded her.

Chapter 45: Cyrus receives his prophetic appointment as the special instrument in
hands of God, to gather his people again. Even Cyrus understood that his
mandate of the Lord.

Chapter 46: The great deities of Babylon show their impotence and falsehood.
Bel, Nebo, and Merodach (Jer.50:2) constituted the trinity of the deities of Babylon;
Baal means 'lord', Merodach 'Jupiter' and Nebo 'god of wisdom'.
Chapter 47: The complete humiliation of the proud city of Babylon, the reasons
for these were. Having exceeded the limits prescribed by God to punish
his people, not taking into account God's judgments against Israel and boasting about his
condition.

Chapter 48: Summary of God's relationship with Judah, culminating in the return of the
captivity.

Chapters 49 – 57: The consolation that the first coming of the Messiah will bring
(Lk. 2:25-32). It highlights the consolation that the first coming of the Messiah would bring. The
Messiah, 'anointed', preordained for this work, it is evident that Jesus is the Christ.

The rejection of the principle of his ministry foreshadows the second coming to give to
fulfill the promises of the pact.

Chapter 49: The Messiah, the servant of the Lord, the preserver of Israel and the light of the
gentiles. (1-7).

Chapter 50: The Messiah in the humiliation of his first coming. (Jn.5:30). It is shown
clearly the rejection of the Messiah, and the prophet urges them for rejecting him as if the
the nation would be divorced from Jehovah or as if he could not save her.

Chapter 51-52.12: Talks about what the millennium will bring (restoration and redemption of
all their afflictions). God gives assurance to the righteous that He will vindicate His word and
also to them; he tells them that the cup of pain and judgment that he had made them drink will be
Give now to those who have been afflicted.

Chapter 52:13-53: The vicarious suffering of the Messiah. In 52:13-15, the contrast is made.
first with the second coming of Christ. The first coming of Christ had a
specific purpose, to destroy sin and free the human race. Therefore, it
I present it as a sacrifice for sin (Heb. 9:26), and bear in itself the sin of
everyone, obtaining the forgiveness of sins, physical healing, emotional and
spiritual, in addition to the purification of our bad inclinations and the salvation of the
what they believe in it. Chapter 53 graphically describes the sufferings of Christ and the
reason he had for it, his redemptive work for the good of Israel and the nations. This
both their reward and their joy.

Chapter 54: Describes the blessings of Israel through the sacrifice of the Messiah, the affliction
and the unease passes and we see the glorious restoration.

Chapter 55-56:8: These chapters show us the spiritual conditions of the

restoration (1-5). There will be genuine repentance, trust in the word of God
and practice of justice.
Chapter 56:9-57:21: Here the prophet warns the wicked that they will be excluded from the
blessings of the restoration, the rebels and unbelievers of Israel are described as
ignorant, blind, gluttonous, dogs and selfish shepherds (56:9-12). Finally, it
describe the fate of the wicked. Ending with 'there is no peace, says my God, for the wicked'
(21).

Chapters 58-66: The consolation of the second coming of the Messiah. The vision of the
first coming of the Messiah in humility and of his rejection, now it happens, in this last
part of the book, at his second coming with a glorious manifestation of his power as
Avenger, judge, and destroyer, establishing his kingdom with all majesty upon the throne.
of David and completing the restoration of Israel in the millennium era.

Chapter 58: Warning against a hypocritical religion and its consequences, such as
about the reward of true religious piety (1-14).

Chapter 59: The consummation of sin. In the last days, Israel will fill the cup of
his iniquity with the same sins that led him to captivity, characterized by
murder, lying, wickedness, violence, injustice, malice, things that
they will also stand out among the gentile nations in the last days (1-8).

Chapter 60: It is a continuation of the last verses of chapter 59, and describes the
exaltation of Israel in the midst of the nations of the world during the millennium. The Lord
reminds the people of its great promises regarding the restoration and its happiness
return to the Jewish nation (60.4-7).

Chapter 61: The anointed one will bring to Israel the blessings of the millennium. Here it speaks of the
anointing of the Messiah to minister the gospel and for His glorious millennial work (1-
3; Lc.4:17-21).

Chapter 62: Hastening the great day of the millennium. (a) The intercession of the same Messiah
(1-5), (b) The intercession of the Lord's guards for the swift coming of the Messiah (6-
9), (c) Evangelism among the Jews (10-12). It concludes with a song of joy for its
restoration, blessing and praising the name of Jehovah for the great salvation.

Chapter 63.1-6: Christ the Avenger of Israel. Here Christ is not the lamb, but the
avenger, whose clothes are stained with the blood of his enemies. He speaks of the
vengeance that Jehovah will take and considers Edom as a symbol of adversity.

Chapter 63:7-64:12: The prayer of the remnant. It expresses the sincere cry of the people.
from Israel in recent times, when afflicted by the pressure of the antichrist,
He will remind the Lord, His Messiah, His goodness and His faithfulness (63:7-14; 64:8-12).
Chapter 65: The answer of Jehovah to their prayers: Here the call to the
Gentiles to take a people for his name from them (1-7), in 8-16 God looks at his
faithful remnant and separates them from the wicked, their servants will sing for the joy of the
heart and the rebels will cry out for the pain of the heart. Then we see the plans of
God for the new heavens and the new earth that include the millennial blessings
(17-25).

Chapter 66: It is a summary of the consummation of the millennium. It expresses a statement.

of the condition of the people and how Jehovah sees them, making a provision for
the humble in spirit, whom the Lord will look upon for good. To these, joy is promised.
in the new Jerusalem, where the final reward of the faithful remnant will be, while
The wicked await eternal punishment for their rebellion (24).

3. ANALYSIS OF THE BOOK OF JEREMIAH.