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 Complete Spanish
Step-by-Step
The Fastest Way to Achieve
Spanish Mastery

Barbara Bregstein

i-xx_001-600_McGrawHill_Complete.indb 1 6/30/16 12:09 AM

Copyright © 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of
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 Contents

Preface  xiii
Guide to Pronunciation   xv
The Alphabet  xx
Greetings and Salutations   xx

I Elements of a Sentence
1 Nouns, Articles, and Adjectives  3
The Gender of Nouns and the Definite Article   3
Singular Nouns  3
Plural Nouns  6
The Indefinite Article   7
Singular Indefinite Articles   7
Plural Indefinite Articles   8
Adjectives  9
Singular Form of Adjectives   9
Plural Form of Adjectives   12

2 Estar, Ser, and Subject Pronouns  14

Subject Pronouns  14
Estar (to be)   15
Ser (to be)   18
Reading Comprehension   La casa  25

iii

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 iv Contents

3 Hay, Interrogative Words, Days, and Months  27

Hay  27
Interrogative Words  29
Prepositions  31
Days of the Week, Months, and Seasons   32
Reading Comprehension   Un pueblo colonial  33
Reading Comprehension   El cine  39

4 Numbers, Dates, and Time  40

Cardinal Numbers  40
Ordinal Numbers  44
The Date  46
Telling Time  47
Reading Comprehension   El restaurante  51
Reading Comprehension   El oficio de la casa  54

5 Regular Verbs  56
Uses of the Present Tense   56
-Ar Verbs  57
-Er Verbs  62
-Ir Verbs  64
-Ar and -er Verbs with More than One Meaning   66
Reading Comprehension   Una escuela en México  68

6 Irregular Verbs  70
-Ar Verbs  70
-Er Verbs  72
Sentence Formation  73
-Ir Verbs  75
Reading Comprehension   El tren  79

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 Contentsv

7 Ir and the Future  82

Ir (to go)  82
The Future with the Verb ir  83
Idioms  85
Idioms with the Verb tener  85
Other Idioms  87
Useful Words: que and para  89
The Relative Pronoun que  89
The Conjunction que  89
The Preposition para  90
Key Vocabulary  91
Las partes del cuerpo (Parts of the Body)   91
La familia  92
Time Expressions with hacer  93
Reading Comprehension   La cita  99

8 Adjectives and Adverbs  102

Possessive Adjectives  102
Demonstrative Adjectives  104
Neuter Demonstrative Pronouns   105
Adjectives of Nationality   105
Adjectives That Precede a Noun   108
Comparative Adjectives  113
Superlative Adjectives  114
Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives   114
Comparing Nouns  115
Comparing Verbs  115
Adverbs  117
Adverbs That Do Not Take the Suffix -mente  119
Reading Comprehension   La fiesta  123

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 vi Contents

 9 Negatives and Prepositions  125

Negatives  125
Prepositions  131
Prepositions Followed by Verbs or Nouns   132
Prepositions Followed by Nouns or Pronouns   132
Pronouns That Follow Prepositions   133
The Preposition por  134
Por and para Compared  136
Reading Comprehension   El circo  140
Key Vocabulary  141
Nature  141
Weather  142
Reading Comprehension   El trabajo  149

II Objects, Reflexive Verbs,

and the Present Subjunctive
10 The Indirect Object  153
Gustar and the Indirect Object   153
Me gusta and me gustan  153
Te gusta and te gustan  155
Le gusta and le gustan  156
Nos gusta and nos gustan  157
Les gusta and les gustan  157
Verbs Like gustar  159
The Indirect Object Pronoun   163
Position of the Indirect Object Pronoun   165
Reading Comprehension   Ir de compras  174
Reading Comprehension   El viaje  175

11 The Direct Object  177

The Personal a and the Direct Object   177
Transitive Verbs  178
The Direct Object Pronoun   182
Position of the Direct Object Pronoun   183
The Direct Object Pronoun as a Person   184
The Direct Object Pronoun as a Thing   186
Reading Comprehension   La bienvenida  191

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 Contentsvii

12 Reflexive Verbs  193
The Reflexive Pronouns   193
Some Frequently Used Reflexive Verbs   194
Reflexive Verbs Whose English Translations Do Not Necessarily Include Oneself  195
Position of the Reflexive Pronoun   195
Reflexive Verbs with Parts of the Body and Clothing   197
Reflexive Verbs That Express Emotion   197
Reflexive Verbs That Express Movement   198
Reflexive Verbs That Express “To Become”   199
Most Frequently Used Reflexive Verbs   199
Reflexive Verbs with Reciprocal Meanings   202
Se and Impersonal Expressions   203
Reading Comprehension   El encuentro  204

13 The Present Subjunctive  206

Formation of the Present Subjunctive   206
-Ar Verbs  207
-Er and -ir Verbs  208
Irregular Verbs  210
Verbs with Orthographic Changes   210
Uses of the Present Subjunctive   212
After Certain Impersonal Expressions   212
After Certain Verbs   214
After Certain Conjunctions   220
After cuando  221
In Certain Dependent Adjective Clauses   223
After the Expressions por más que and por mucho que  223
After ojalá  223
After acaso, quizás, and tal vez  224
After aunque  224
After Compounds of -quiera  224
After como  224
Reading Comprehension   La despedida  231

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 viii Contents

III Preterit Tense, Imperfect Tense,

and Double Object Pronouns
14 The Preterit Tense  235
Formation of the Preterit   235
Regular -ar Verbs  235
Regular -er and -ir Verbs  236
Uses of the Preterit   238
To Express an Action Completed in the Past   238
To Express a Series of Completed Actions in the Past   239
To Express a Condition That Is No Longer in Effect   239
Irregular Verbs  240
-Ir Verbs with Stem Changes in the Third Person   246
Verbs with Orthographic Changes   248
-Ar Verbs  248
-Er and -ir Verbs  251
Verbs with Special Meanings in the Preterit   253
Reading Comprehension   En la corte (primera escena)   255

15 The Imperfect Tense  257

Formation of the Imperfect   257
Regular -ar Verbs  257
Regular -er and -ir Verbs  258
Irregular Verbs  259
Uses of the Imperfect   260
To “Set the Stage” in the Past; to Express a Narration, Situation, or Background   260
To Express Habitual, Customary, or Repeated Actions in the Past   260
To Express Continuous Actions in the Past   261
To Express a Description in the Past   261
To Express Point of Origin in the Past   261
To Express Time in the Past   262
To Express One’s Age in the Past   262
Preterit and Imperfect Compared   265
Querer, poder, saber  266
Double Object Pronouns   270
Indirect Object Pronoun with Direct Object Pronoun   270
Reflexive Pronoun with Direct Object Pronoun   278
Se Plus the Indirect Object Pronoun and Unplanned Occurrences   279
Reading Comprehension   El juicio (segunda escena)   282

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 Contentsix

IV Ser and Estar; Present, Preterit, and

Imperfect Tenses; Progressive Tenses;
Present Subjunctive; Commands
16 Ser and Estar and the Present Tense
Estar (to be) 287
Ser (to be) 292
Reading Comprehension Machu Picchu 303

17 Ser and Estar in the Preterit and Imperfect Tenses

Preterit Tense 305
Imperfect Tense 309
Regular Verbs in the Preterit 313
Irregular Verbs in the Preterit 315
Regular Verbs in the Imperfect 317
Irregular Verbs in the Imperfect 319
Comparison of Preterit and Imperfect 319
Reading Comprehension Marianela 322

18 The Present Progressive Tense

Gerund Formation 325
Formation of the Present Progressive Tense 329
Use of the Present Progressive Tense 329
Placement of Object Pronouns 332
Uses of the Gerund with Verbs Other Than estar 336
Reading Comprehension La parada del bus 340

19 The Past Progressive Tenses

The Imperfect Progressive Tense 342
The Preterit Progressive Tense 345
Reading Comprehension El hospital 351

20 The Present Subjunctive

Formation of the Present Subjunctive 354
Uses of the Present Subjunctive 361
Other Tenses That Cause the Present Subjunctive 375
Reading Comprehension El juicio 378

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 x Contents

21 Commands
Affirmative tú Commands 382
Negative tú Commands 386
Ud. and Uds. Commands 391
Other Ways of Asking People to Do Things 394
Reading Comprehension Perdida en Nicaragua 397
The nosotros Command: “Let us . . .” 399
Affirmative vosotros Commands 402
Negative vosotros Commands 402
Reading Comprehension La Noche de Brujas 405

V Nouns, Articles, Adjectives, Pronouns;

Present and Past Perfect Tenses
22 Nouns, Articles, Adjectives, and Pronouns
Nouns and Articles 409
Possessive Adjectives 414
Possessive Pronouns 419
Relative Pronouns 423
Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns 428
Reading Comprehension Mi viaje 430
The Neuter lo 1 Adjective Used as a Noun 431
Adjectives Used as Nouns 433
Pronouns Used as Nouns 434
Pronunciation Practice Los maderos de San Juan 435
Reading Comprehension Lo fatal 436

23 The Present Perfect Tense

Formation of the Past Participle 438
Formation of the Present Perfect Tense 441
Uses of the Present Perfect Tense 443
Placement of Object Pronouns with the Present Perfect Tense 444
Use of the Infinitive haber and the Past Participle 445
Reading Comprehension El apartamento 449

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 Contentsxi

24 The Past Perfect Tense

Formation of the Past Perfect Tense 451
Uses of the Past Perfect Tense 451
Reading Comprehension El sueño 454
Reading Comprehension Recordando Nicaragua 455
The Past Participle as an Adjective 456
The Past Participle with ser and the Passive Voice 460
Reading Comprehension El conde Lucanor 462

VI Future and Conditional Tenses;

Past Subjunctive; Idioms
25 The Future Tense
Formation of the Future Tense 465
Uses of the Future Tense 472
The Future Progressive Tense 479
The Future Perfect Tense 480
Reading Comprehension El porvenir 481

26 The Conditional Tense

Formation of the Conditional Tense 483
Uses of the Conditional Tense 489
The Conditional Progressive Tense 493
The Conditional Perfect Tense 494
Reading Comprehension ¿Qué haría Ud. en las siguientes situaciones? 496

27 The Present Perfect Subjunctive

Formation of the Present Perfect Subjunctive 498
Uses of the Present Perfect Subjunctive 498
Reading Comprehension La isla en el Caribe 502

28 The Imperfect Subjunctive

Formation of the Imperfect Subjunctive 505
Uses of the Imperfect Subjunctive 511
Reading Comprehension El barco económico 518
Reading Comprehension Xochicalco 527

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 xii Contents

29 The Past Perfect Subjunctive

Formation of the Past Perfect Subjunctive 529
Uses of the Past Perfect Subjunctive 529
Reading Comprehension Su punto de vista 541

30 Idioms
Idioms with Prepositions 544
Idioms with Verbs 547
Time Expressions 551
Reading Comprehension La defensa de Sócrates 554

Appendix: List of Verbs 557

Answer Key 564
Index 591

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 Nouns, Articles, and Adjectives xiii

Preface

Complete Spanish Step-by-Step is a progressive program that will help you

learn Spanish—talking, reading, and writing—as quickly and as thoroughly
as possible, and then lead you to mastery and fluency in the language. Writ-
ten for beginner and advanced-beginner learners, it teaches grammar and
conversation in the most logical order to enable you to develop your lan-
guage skills naturally to the level of intermediate and advanced learners.
To take full advantage of the unique grammatical progression of the
book, you should study each chapter, or step, one after another. Do not skip
around. Each step you take will lead you to the next. Each chapter contains
clear grammar explanations; be sure to understand every concept before
moving on to the next. Notice that there are few exceptions to rules, so once
you have learned a concept, it is yours.
Try to learn the vocabulary and verbs provided; they have been carefully
selected on the basis of usefulness and frequency. The vocabulary lists will
help enhance your communication, while complete verb conjugations are
given so that you can practice pronunciation as you learn verbs. Over 300 of
the most common verbs in Spanish are presented.
Varied written and oral exercises are included to check your understanding
and progress. (The book has a complete answer key in the back.) It is also a
good idea to write your own questions and sentences and practice them aloud.
Sometimes, your own creations are more interesting and aid in learning.
Original readings are included in every chapter; they become progres-
sively more challenging in form and content throughout the book, leading
to poems and stories by acclaimed authors. Use these reading comprehen-
sion sections to learn new vocabulary and to practice reading aloud.
Complete Spanish Step-by-Step is divided into six parts. The first gives
you all the fundamentals of the language in the present tense. You will no-
tice that the word order of English and Spanish in this part is essentially the

xiii

i-xx_001-600_McGrawHill_Complete.indb 13 6/30/16 12:09 AM

 xiv Preface

same. This makes learning in the early stages very quick. The second part
explains indirect objects, direct objects, direct object pronouns, reflexive
verbs, and the present subjunctive. The third part presents the two most
used tenses in the past, the preterit and the imperfect. The fourth part re-
views the present tense and uses of ser and estar, the preterit and imperfect
tenses, the progressive tenses, the present subjunctive, and commands. The
fifth part is an in-depth explanation of nouns, articles, adjectives, pronouns,
and the present and past perfect tenses. The sixth part covers the future and
conditional tenses, the past subjunctive, and idioms.
A student once asked me if Spanish is truly easy. It is, in comparison to
any of the other languages of the world. To start with, the pronunciation is
easy. Spanish is a phonetically perfect language, which means that once you
learn to pronounce each vowel and consonant, you will be able to pro-
nounce all words correctly. Before you begin, practice all the sounds out-
lined in the Guide to Pronunciation in the following pages. If possible, try
to practice with a native speaker. Then, remember to read and answer ques-
tions aloud as much as you can to develop your pronunciation.
This book is written with a logical approach that makes it accessible,
even when some concepts are difficult, whether you are a self-study learner
or a student in an organized teaching program. With Complete Spanish
Step-by-Step, you will see that everything falls quickly into place. In a few
weeks, you will be able to read and write Spanish quite easily, and as you
progress, you will learn to speak fluently, using all elements of Spanish. And
once you learn the Spanish in this book, you will be able to get along in any
Spanish-speaking country. The grammar is standard in all parts of the Span-
ish-speaking world, and although accents change from place to place, you
will get accustomed to the sounds very quickly. Have fun and enjoy using
Spanish everywhere you need it. See you in Xochicalco!

Acknowledgments
I would like to thank Nestor Rodriguez, teacher of English and Spanish at City
College of New York, for his invaluable language insights, expertise and editing
of both Easy Spanish Step-by-Step and Advanced Spanish Step-by-Step, upon
which this book is based. I would also like to thank John Piazza for his insights,
contributions, and editing of Advanced Spanish Step-by-Step. I gratefully ac-
knowledge their assistance throughout the development of this book.
I would also like to thank Silvia Ballinas, teacher and director of Escuela
Experiencia in Tepoztlán, Mexico, Antonio Zea, linguist and professor at
Escuela Acacias in Málaga, Spain, Alonia King, Janet Odums, and Lois
Shearer. I would also like to thank William Bonner for his invaluable guid-
ance and all my students from District Council 37 in New York City.

i-xx_001-600_McGrawHill_Complete.indb 14 6/30/16 12:09 AM

 Guide to Pronunciation xv

Guide to Pronunciation
Spanish spelling is an exact reflection of the pronunciation of the language.
The pronunciation of each letter is subject to precise and consistent rules,
and words are pronounced by adding together the sounds of each individual
letter.

Vowels
The sounds of the vowels are clear and short. Pronounce the examples.

Letter Pronounced like Examples

a the a in father la casa, la tapa, Panamá, Canadá
e two sounds:
  the e in café when final elefante, come, vive, verde, que
  the e in set elsewhere pero, es, hotel
i the i in machine sí, cine, comida
o two sounds:
  the o in hope oso, otro, hospital
  the o in for if followed by r doctor, profesor
u the u in rule uno, tú, puro
written as ü when pronounced agüero, güira
  in güe and güi
silent in gue and gui elsewhere guerra, guitarra
y Spanish i y, soy, hay

Consonants
b / v the b in boat when they occur baño, burro, embargo, alba,
   at the beginning of a breath   el vino, el voto, invierno,
   group, or following l, m, or n   vamos
softer elsewhere, produced Cuba, la boca, Havana, la vaca
   through slightly opened lips
In Spanish, the b and v have the same sound. The sound of English v does
not exist in Spanish.
c the c in cat before a, o, u, or camisa, color, concreto
   before a consonant
the s in sail before e or i centavo, cita, cinco
ch the ch in chum chocolate, chorizo

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 xvi Guide to Pronunciation

Letter Pronounced like Examples

d two sounds:
  the d in dog when it occurs donde, falda, conde
     at the beginning of a breath
    group, or following l or n
  the th in other elsewhere boda, poder, verdad, nada,
  cada, estudio
f English f futuro, fila, oficina
g the g in game before a, o, u, gato, gusto, grande
   or before a consonant
the h in hat before e or i genio, generoso, gitano
h silent hombre, hasta, hablar
j English h
(It can also be given a slightly Juan, ojo, mujer
  guttural sound.)
k English k kayak, kilómetro, kiwi
l English l, but with the tip of el, hotel, mil, palo
   the tongue touching the roof
   of the mouth
ll the y in beyond, or in some caballo, bello, llave
  countries, the s in pleasure
m English m menos, cama, marrón
n English n nota, nación, nariz
ñ the ny in canyon or the ni mañana, España, señor
  in onion
p English p, but not explosive papel, persona, pobre
  (without the puff of air in
the English sound)
q the k in key (found only in the Quito, queso, equipo
  combinations que and qui)
r the dd in ladder (a single caro, barato, para, hablar
  tongue flap)
The r at the beginning of a rosa, el río, Enrique, las rosas
  word or after l, n, or s is
trilled like rr.
rr a trill or tongue roll perro, horrible, carro
(There is no equivalent sound
  in English.)

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 90 Saturday, September 30 send a famine in the land, not a
famine of bread, nor a thirst for water, but of hearing the words of
the Lord: "And they shall wander from sea to sea, and from the
north even to the east, they shall run to and fro to seek the word of
the Lord, and shall not find it. "In that day shall the fair virgins and
the young men faint for thirst." (Amos 8:11-13.) There is hunger in
the land, and a genuine thirst — a great hunger for the word of the
Lord and an unsatisfied thirst for things of the spirit. Ours is the
obligation and the opportunity to nourish the soul. Seek guidance of
the Holy Ghost First, to administrators, the leadership of the Church,
you who structure and conduct the many and varied meetings —
and I include myself — I make a plea that we constantly seek the
inspiration of the Lord and the companionship of his Holy Spirit to
bless us in keeping our efforts on a high spiritual plane. Those
prayers will not go unanswered, for the promise has been given
through revelation that "God shall give unto you knowledge by his
Holy Spirit, yea, by the unspeakable gift of the Holy Ghost. . . ."
(D&C 121:26.) Concerning the conduct of our meetings, the Lord
has said that "the elders are to conduct the meetings as they are led
by the Holy Ghost, according to the commandments and revelations
of God." (D&C 20:45.) And again: ". . . it always has been given to
the elders of my church from the beginning, and ever shall be, to
conduct all meetings as they are directed and guided by the Holy
Spirit." (D&C 46:2.) And now listen to a statement made long ago.
Concerning those who had come into the Church, Moroni wrote: ". .
. after they had been received unto baptism, and were wrought
upon and cleansed by the power of the Holy Ghost, they were
numbered among the people of the church of Christ; and their
names were taken, [Why?] that they might be remembered and
nourished by the good word of God, to keep them in the right way,
to GENERAL CONFERENCE Second Day keep them continually
watchful unto prayer. . . ." (Moro. 6:4.) Brethren, in the conduct of
all our meetings let us see that we "feed the flock of God," with that
bread which perisheth not. Teach with the spirit Next, a word to
those who teach the gospel, including the missionaries. To each of
you I should like to pose a question given by the Lord himself.
"Wherefore, I the Lord ask you this question — unto what were you
ordained?" He then answers it: "To preach my gospel by the Spirit.
..." And then he goes on to tell of the remarkable thing that happens
when we preach by the Spirit: "Wherefore, he that preacheth and he
that receiveth, understand one another, and both are edified and
rejoice together." (D&C 50:13-14, 22.) Is not this the objective of all
our effort, that both we who teach and we who are taught
understand one another and are edified and rejoice together? Story
of a military chaplain There sits with us in this conference a man in
military uniform, an officer of the United States Army. He returned
only two weeks ago from South Vietnam. He is one of our LDS
chaplains, a man of great faith and great devotion and, I may add, a
man of great courage. For a year or more he has been in the central
highlands of that sad, embattled nation. He has been where the
fighting has been bitter and the losses as tragic as in any area of
Vietnam. On two occasions he has been wounded. He has seen a
tragically large percentage of his brigade become casualties, many
of them killed in action while he has been in the field at their side.
The men of his unit have loved and respected him. His superior
officers have honored him. To look at him you would never think of
him as an extraordinary man. He is rather small of stature, light of
frame. He has been a good student, but he has not been a great
scholar. He has not been trained as a minister of religion, but as
 ELDER GORDON B. HINCKLEY 91 I have observed him in
conversations in Vietnam, in Japan, and here at home, I have felt of
his great spirit. I have heard his quiet testimony. He was not always
a member of this Church. As a boy in the South he grew up in a
religious home where the Bible was read and where the family
attended the little church of the community. He desired the gift of
the Holy Ghost of which he had read in the scriptures but was told
that it was not available. The desire never left him. He grew to
manhood. He served in the army at home and abroad. He searched
but never found the thing he most wanted. Between military
enlistments, he became a prison guard. While sitting in the gun
tower of a California prison, he meditated on his own deficiencies
and prayed to the Lord that he might receive the Holy Ghost and
satisfy the hunger which he felt in his soul. That hunger had not
been satisfied with sermons to which he had listened. One day two
young men knocked at his door. His wife invited them to return
when her husband would be at home. These two young men taught
that family by the Holy Spirit. In two and a half weeks they were
baptized. I have heard this man testify to the effect that as he was
taught by the power of the Holy Spirit, he was edified and rejoiced
with those who taught him. Out of that marvelous beginning, with
the gift of the Holy Ghost, has come a shedding forth of light and
truth that has given peace to the dying, comfort to the bereaved,
blessings to the wounded, courage to the timid, and faith to those
who had scoffed. Sweet are the fruits of teaching done under the
inspiration of the Holy Spirit. They feed the spirit and nourish the
soul. The Holy Spirit for parents Finally, a word to parents, and
particularly to fathers who stand as heads of families: We need the
direction of the Holy Ghost in the delicate and tremendous task that
is ours in strengthening the spirituality of our homes. Oh, the
countless tragedies that are found across the land, tragedies whose
roots find their bitter nourishment in contentious homes. My phone
rang one afternoon. The young man on the other end of the line
said frantically that he needed to see me. I told him that I was
involved with appointments for the remainder of the day and asked
if he could come tomorrow. He stated that he had to see me at
once. I told him to come and asked my secretary to change the
other appointments. In a few minutes he walked in, a boy with a
hunted and haunted look. His hair was long, his appearance
miserable. I invited him to sit and to talk openly and frankly. I
assured him of my interest in his problem and of my desire to help
him. He unraveled a story distressing and miserable. He was in
serious trouble. He had broken the law, he had been unclean, he
had blighted his life. Now in his extremity there had come a
realization of the terrible plight in which he found himself. He
needed help beyond his own strength, and he pleaded for it. I asked
him if his father knew of his difficulties. He replied by saying that he
could not talk with his father, that his father hated him. I happened
to know his father, and I know that his father did not hate him. He
loved him and mourned and grieved for him, but that father had an
uncontrolled temper. Whenever he disciplined his children, he lost
control and destroyed both them and himself. As I looked across the
desk at that trembling, broken young man, estranged from a father
he considered his enemy, I thought of some great words of revealed
truth given through the Prophet Joseph Smith. They set forth in
essence the governing spirit of the priesthood, and I believe they
apply to the government of our homes. Power available through
"love unfeigned" Let me read them to you. "No power or influence
can or ought to be maintained . . . , only by persuasion, by long-
suffering, by gentleness and meekness, and by love unfeigned; "By
kindness, and pure knowledge,
 92 Saturday, September 30 which shall greatly enlarge the
soul without hypocrisy and without guile — " I believe those
marvelous and simple words set forth the spirit in which we should
stand as fathers. Do they mean that we should not exercise
discipline, that we should not reprove? Listen to these further words:
"Reproving betimes with sharpness [When? While angry or in a fit of
temper? No — ] when moved upon by the Holy Ghost; and then
showing forth afterwards an increase of love toward him whom thou
hast reproved, lest he esteem thee to be his enemy; "That he may
know that thy faithfulness is stronger than the cords of death." (D&C
121:41-44.) The Holy Spirit, key to government in the home This,
my brethren of the priesthood who stand at the head of families, is
the key to government in the home directed by the Holy Spirit. I
commend those words to every man within the sound of my voice
and do not hesitate to promise that if you will govern your families in
the spirit of those words, which have come from the Lord, you will
have cause to rejoice, as will those for whom you are responsible. I
caught a glimpse of that kind of family life the other day in the Salt
Lake Temple. The father was a handsome young man, an air force
officer, a jet fighter pilot. The mother was a beautiful young woman.
With them were three lovely children. They had joined the Church in
the South a little over a year ago. They had put into their lives the
program of the Church. They had experienced a joy they had never
previously known. Now he had been ordered to Vietnam on an
assignment fraught with peril. They all sensed the terrifying odds
against his coming back alive and whole. It was a picture almost
celestial in that quiet, sacred room of the Lord's house. There in the
authority of the Holy Priesthood they were sealed together as a
family with a bond and covenant that time could not break and
death could not destroy. GENERAL CONFERENCE Second Day At the
conclusion of that holy ordinance the father took his beloved
companion in his arms, and together they held their beautiful
children. "You are ours, and we are yours, forever" With emotions
incident to the expected separation that would divide them in a few
hours when he left for Asia, but with a faith that shone through her
tears, the wife looked up into his eyes and softly said words to this
effect: "Come what may now, dear, you are ours and we are yours,
forever." Somehow heaven seemed very near that morning. It is the
spiritual sinews of the gospel that become the fiber of our faith. God
help us to cultivate them in every activity in the Church and in every
association in our homes. I return to President Young's prayer from
this stand a century ago: Our Eternal Father, we ask thy blessing
"upon the priesthood, all in authority in thy Church and kingdom,
that they might enjoy the outpouring of the Holy Spirit to qualify
them in the discharge of every duty," in the name of Jesus Christ.
Amen. President Joseph Fielding Smith Brethren, it is a pleasure to
look into the faces of so many who hold the priesthood. This evening
at 7 o'clock, the general meeting of the priesthood of the Church will
be held in the Salt Lake Tabernacle. Priesthood members only are
invited to be present. This priesthood session will not be broadcast
publicly. In addition to the overflow meeting in the Assembly Hall,
the proceedings of the priesthood meeting this evening will be
relayed by closed-circuit broadcast, originating in the Tabernacle, to
members fo the Aaronic and Melchizedek Priesthood assembled in
approximately 475 separate locations in all parts of the United States
and Canada, and by way of closed-circuit television in eight buildings
in Salt Lake City. It is estimated that approximately ten thousand
holders of the priesthood will be on Temple Square, and ninety-five
 GENERAL PRIESTHOOD MEETING 93 thousand others will
gather in the other locations from coast to coast and in Canada. The
Sunday morning session will be broadcast by many radio and
television stations in the west; and shortwaved in English over
Station WNYW to Europe, South America, Central America, Africa,
and parts of Asia. Again, 20 radio stations will broadcast the
translated conference sessions of Sunday morning in major cities of
Mexico and Central America, together with Spanish programming
stations in this country, to a potential Latin American audience of
three million people. This morning's and tomorrow morning's
sessions will be carried by direct wire from the Tabernacle over
oceanic cables to a large number of saints assembled in chapels
throughout Great Britain, Germany, Austria, and Denmark. The CBS
Radio Network Tabernacle Choir broadcast tomorrow morning will be
from 9:35 to 10:00 o'clock. Those desiring to attend this broadcast
must be in their seats no later than 9:15 a.m. The singing for this
session has been furnished by the Ricks College Combined Choirs,
with Chester W. Hill and Inga Johnson conducting, and Robert
Cundick at the organ. I am sure this great gathering in the
Tabernacle and our radio and television audiences would wish me to
express for them our heartfelt appreciation for the excellent singing
of this group of Ricks College students. We thank them, their
conductors, Brother Hill and Sister Johnson, and Brother Cundick,
who has been at the organ. The Chorus will now favor us with,
"Achieved Is the Glorious Work," conducted by Sister Johnson, after
which we will have the benediction, which will be offered by Elder
Wilford J. Dredge, President of the Idaho Stake, after which this
conference will be adjourned until seven o'clock this evening. The
Chorus sang "Achieved Is This Glorious Work." The closing prayer
was offered by President Wilford J. Dredge, President of the Idaho
Stake. Conference adjourned until 7:00 p.m. GENERAL PRIESTHOOD
MEETING FIFTH SESSION The General Priesthood meeting of the
Church convened at 7:00 p.m., Saturday, September 30, with
President N. Eldon Tanner, Second Counselor in the First Presidency,
conducting. The Men of the Tabernacle Choir furnished the singing
for this session, with Richard P. Condie conducting. Robert Cundick
was at the organ. President Tanner made the following introductory
remarks: President N. Eldon Tanner This is the General Priesthood
session of the 137th Semi- Annual Conference of the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. President McKay had hoped to be
with us tonight, but his doctors have urged that he not attempt to
be here. He sends his love and greetings to all the priesthood
members assembled in the various buildings throughout the Church;
and he does have a message for all of us, which will be given later.
It may be of interest to you to know that these services are being
relayed by closed-circuit wire to members of the priesthood gathered
in the Assembly Hall and in approximately 475 other separate
locations from coast to coast, and in Canada. It is estimated that
approximately 95,000 will participate in this meeting by direct wire.
This does not include the 10,000 gathered in this building and in the
Assembly Hall.
 94 Saturday, September 30 The singing during this session
will be furnished by the Men of the Tabernacle Choir, with Richard P.
Condie conducting, and Robert Cundick at the organ. We shall begin
this service by the chorus singing: "The Spirit of God Like a Fire Is
Burning," after which Elder J. Phillip Hanks, formerly president of the
Samoan Mission, will offer the invocation. The Chorus sang the
hymn, "The Spirit of God Like A Fire Is Burning." Elder J. Phillip
Hanks offered the invocation. GENERAL CONFERENCE Second Day
President N. Eldon Tanner The Men of the Tabernacle Choir will now
sing, "O Men of God." Singing: "O Men of God." Selection by the
Chorus, "Oh Men Of God." I am sure that all the priesthood holders
throughout the Church would like to hear President McKay deliver his
own message, but inasmuch as he is not able to no one can do it
better than his son, Robert McKay, who seems to have the feeling
that his father would like to express in the spirit it should be
expressed. We will call on Robert now to read his message.
President David 0. McKay (Read by his son Robert R. McKay) My
dear brethren, bearers of the priesthood of God, who are in this
historic building tonight and in other appointed places throughout
this and other lands, I extend to you my greetings and blessings and
a hearty welcome. As I once again have the great privilege of giving
a message to this vast body of men, I am impressed with the power
which you represent — a power given to us not for personal gain,
but for the common good and advancement of the kingdom of God
upon the earth. Priesthood an everlasting principle The priesthood is
an everlasting principle that has existed with God from the beginning
and will exist throughout all eternity. The keys that have been given
to be used through the priesthood come from heaven, and this
priesthood power is operative in this Church today as it continues to
expand in the earth. We see in the divine ordinances conferred upon
us and in the revelations from the Lord on the priesthood the
solution to every need in the government of the Church. This is
particularly significant as the Church continues to expand. Revelation
on priesthood In the revelations dealing with the appointment of one
to preside over the high priesthood of the Church and the quorum of
the First Presidency, the Quorum of the Twelve and Assistants to the
Council of the Twelve, the First Council of Seventy, and other callings
in the priesthood, such as presidents of stakes, bishops of wards,
and local priesthood quorums, the Lord declares the following
concerning others who may be called: "Whereas other officers of the
church, who belong not unto the Twelve, neither to the Seventy, are
not under the responsibility to travel among all nations, but are to
travel as their circumstances shall allow, notwithstanding they may
hold as high and responsible offices in the Church." (D&C 107:98.)
But all, regardless of their callings, are to perform their labors
diligently. Concerning this the Lord says further: "Wherefore, now let
every man learn his duty, and to act in the office in which he is
appointed, in all diligence. "He that is slothful shall not be counted
worthy to stand, and he that
 PRESIDENT DAVID O. McKAY 95 learns not his duty and
shows himself not approved shall not be counted worthy to stand. . .
." (D&G 107:99100.) Priesthood a delegated authority In seeking the
source of the priesthood, we can conceive of no condition beyond
God himself. In him it centers. From him it must emanate.
Priesthood being thus inherent in the Father, it follows that he alone
can give it to another. Priesthood, therefore, as held by man, must
ever be delegated by authority. There never has been a human
being in the world who had the right to arrogate to himself the
power and authority of the priesthood. There have been some who
would arrogate to themselves that right, but the Lord has never
recognized it. The power of the priesthood becomes dynamic and
productive of good only when the liberated force becomes active in
the lives of men, turning their hearts and desires toward God and
prompting service to their fellowmen, just as an impounded reservoir
of water becomes productive of good only when the liberated water
becomes active in valleys, fields, gardens, and happy homes. Strictly
speaking, priesthood, as delegated power, is an individual
acquirement. However, by divine decree, men are appointed to serve
in particular offices in the priesthood unit in uorums or are to
function under the irection of quorums. Thus, this power finds
expression through groups as well as individuals. The quorum is the
opportunity for men of like aspirations to know, to love, and to aid
one another. "To live is not to live for one's self alone." Recognizing
the fact that the Creator is the eternal and everlasting source of this
power, that he alone can direct it, and that to possess it is to have
the right, as an authorized representative, of direct communion with
God, how reasonable, yet sublime, are the privileges and blessings
made possible of attainment through the possession of the power
and authority of the Melchizedek Priesthood! They are the most
glorious that the human mind can contemplate. A man who is thus
in communion with his God will find his life sweetened, his
discernment sharpened to decide quickly between right and wrong,
his feelings tender and compassionate, yet his spirit strong and
valiant in defense of right. He will find the priesthood a never-failing
source of happiness, a well of living water springing up unto eternal
life. Priesthood is derived from God You who have the priesthood are
his servants by divine right. I know the world thinks we are
unreasonable, fanatic in our ideas when we tell them there is no
other authorized Church, but that is true. The priesthood came
directly from our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, who is the great High
Priest; and he authorized Peter, James, and John, on whom he
bestowed that priesthood, to bestow it upon Joseph Smith. Many of
you brethren can trace your ordination within five steps right back to
the Savior himself. I pray that we may be blessed with the spirit of
humility, blessed with the spirit and desire to be one in all things
relating to the welfare and advancement of the kingdom of God. We
can do that by sustaining the authority which is always delegated;
and when it is rightly delegated, you will be able to go to the source,
which is God, in whom is inherent the authority of the Holy
Priesthood. Blessings for the priesthood May you Regional
Representatives of the Quorum of the Twelve, presidents of stakes,
bishops of wards be blessed in your leadership, in your
responsibility; may you be true to the gospel; may your lives be
examples to the "flock," so that you may be guided from on high to
bless, to comfort the people over whom you have been appointed to
preside. God bless the men who find and assist those members of
the priesthood who are weak and those members who, for some
reason, have become inactive in the Church. We are facing
conditions in the 3
 96 Saturday, September 30 world which demand the
highest intelligence, the deepest spirituality, the greatest effort that
the priesthood of God can possibly put forth. Our boys and girls in
high schools, in junior colleges, in universities need our help. Their
parents need our help. It is time now for us to put forth extra effort
to know the difference between right and wrong. Warn our young
boys and girls not to deceive themselves that they can tamper with
alcohol, cigarettes, and narcotics, because dangerous effects follow
indulgence in such things. I was pleased to read in a local
newspaper the other day that the office of the dean of Harvard
University issued a recent statement taking a firm stand against the
use of drugs at Harvard as follows: "The Dean's office has been
repeatedly pressed by members of the freshman class for a
statement of the college's administrative position with respect to the
use of drugs, including marijuana and LSD. If it will help anyone, I
am pleased to clarify our position. "As anyone bright enough to be at
Harvard knows perfectly well, possession of, or distribution of
marijuana and LSD is strictly against the law, and taking the drugs
involves the users in psychological dangers and contacts with the
criminal underworld. "The college is prepared to take serious
disciplinary action, up to and including dismissal, against any student
found to be involved in the use or distribution of illegal and
dangerous drugs. "In sum, if a student is stupid enough to misuse
his time here fooling around with illegal and dangerous drugs, our
view is that he should leave college and make room for people
prepared to take good advantage of a college opportunity. Office of
the Dean, Harvard University." (Salt Lake Tribune, September 17,
1967.) These things have been forbidden by the Lord and, if
indulged in, will lead our young people away from activity in the
Church, and the Spirit of the Lord will not dwell in them. GENERAL
CONFERENCE Second Day Resist temptation Young man, you cannot
tamper with the evil one. Resist temptation, resist the devil, and he
will flee from you. Your weakest point will be the point at which the
devil tries to tempt you, will try to win you, and if you have been
made weak before you have undertaken to serve the Lord, he will
add to that weakness. Resist him and you will gain in strength. He
will then tempt you in another point. Resist him and he becomes
weaker, and you become stronger, until you can say, no matter what
your surroundings may be, ". . . Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is
written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt
thou serve." (Luke 4:8.) William C. Sullivan, assistant director of the
Federal Bureau of Investigation, said in Salt Lake City on August 24,
1967: "Our young people are growing up in a rapidly changing
world, and too many of them are becoming imbued with false
attitudes and notions of law and order. Their important periods of
childhood and adolescence too often lack sufficient character training
and parental guidance and example." He pointed out that 49 percent
of persons arrested for serious crimes in 1966 were under 18, and
this age group accounted for 54 percent of the burglaries and 63
percent of the automobile thefts. (Salt Lake Tribune, August 25,
1967.) Faith in youth I am happy to see these young men gathered
in the Tabernacle this evening They are here by the hundreds, and
many thousands more are listening at various designated places,
and we want you young men to know that we are proud of you, and
commend you for your faith, your courage, and your loyalty to the
Church. My heart was touched to the core and I was overwhelmed
with thankfulness to the Lord for the letters and messages sent to
me during my 94th birthday celebration from young men in the
mission field, from seminary students, and from other young mem 
 PRESIDENT DAVID O. McKAY 97 bers of the Church telling
me of their love for the gospel and of the testimonies they have of
its truthfulness. I love the young people, and my heart goes out to
them. May God keep them true to the faith and bless them that they
will be able to withstand the temptations which constantly beset
their paths. To the youth of the Church I say, go to our Father in
heaven in prayer, seek the advice of your parents, your bishops, your
stake presidents. "Do your duty, that is best; Leave unto the Lord
the rest." It is a sobering thought to think what this great body of
bearers of the priesthood can do to help these young people, and to
stir the people to acts of honesty, truthfulness — to stir them so that
they will become examples to the world. We have that duty, that
right, and that inspiration! Honor priesthood by living righteously To
hold the priesthood of God by divine authority is one of the greatest
gifts that can come to a man, and worthiness is of first importance.
The very essence of priesthood is eternal. He is greatly blessed who
feels the responsibility of representing Deity. He should feel it to
such an extent that he would be conscious of his actions and words
under all conditions. No man who holds the Holy Priesthood should
treat his wife disrespectfully. No man who holds that priesthood
should fail to ask the blessings on his food or to kneel with his wife
and children and ask for God's guidance. A home is transformed
because a man holds and honors the priesthood. We are not to use
it dictatorially, for the Lord has said that "when we undertake to
cover our sins, or to gratify our pride, our vain ambition, or to
exercise control or dominion or compulsion upon the souls of the
children of men, in any degree of unrighteousness, behold, the
heavens withdraw themselves; the Spirit of the Lord is grieved; and
when it is withdrawn, Amen to the priesthood or the authority of
that man." (D&C 121:37.) That revelation, given by the Lord to the
Prophet Joseph Smith, is one of the most beautiful lessons in
pedagogy or psychology and government ever given, and we should
read it over and over again in the 121st section of the Doctrine and
Covenants. Let us realize that we are members of the greatest
fraternity, the greatest brotherhood — the brotherhood of Christ —
in all the world, and do our best each day, all day, to maintain the
standards of the priesthood. Let us live honest, sincere lives. Let us
be honest with ourselves, honest with our brethren, honest with our
families, honest with men with whom we deal — always honest; for
eyes are upon us, and the foundation of all character rests upon the
principles of honesty and sincerity. God is guiding the Church God is
guiding this Church. Be true to it. Be true to your families, loyal to
them. Protect your children. Guide them, not arbitrarily, but through
the example of a kind father, a loving mother, and so contribute to
the strength of the Church by exercising your priesthood in your
home and in your lives. God help us all to be true to the ideals of the
priesthood — Aaronic and Melchizedek. May he help us to magnify
our callings and to inspire men by our actions — not only members
of the Church, but all men everywhere— to live higher and better
lives, to help them all to be better husbands, better neighbors,
better leaders, under all conditions, I pray in the name of Jesus
Christ. Amen. President N. Eldon Tanner We have all heard a great
deal lately about the correlation program in the Church, of which
Elder Harold B. Lee is the chairman, and of the new program that is
being introduced. We would now like to call on Elder Harold B. Lee
of the Council of the Twelve to speak to us.
 98 Saturday, September 30 GENERAL CONFERENCE Elder
Harold B. Lee Of the Council of the Twelve Apostles Second Day I
suppose that I would speak the mind of all of us when we would say
to President McKay that the greeting that he gave us at the
commencement of the conference yesterday was probably one of
the most uplifting things that will be said during the entire
conference. Where the President is, there is strength, and to know
that he is with us and is presiding is a strength to the entire Church.
I wonder if I might be pardoned for a little personal reference
tonight. I am mindful of the fact that it has been a whole year since
I stood before a general conference in this pulpit. During the last six-
month period I have gone through some painful experiences that
kept me from being in the conference, and I was aware that my life
could have been terminated at that time. I became conscious then,
through the ministrations of wonderful doctors, skilled nurses, and
most of all the love and prayers and faith of my family and the
members of the Church, that my ministry had been continued for a
longer period here. And so with joy and thanksgiving in my heart
tonight, I return to my ministry with a pledge that my life and my
energies will be devoted to this glorious service that has been and
will be my whole life. I am aware that I have had to submit to some
tests, some severe tests, before the Lord, I suppose to prove me to
see if I would be willing to submit to all things whatsoever the Lord
sees fit to inflict upon me, even as a little child does submit to its
father. We were touched by Brother Hinckley's impressive talk this
afternoon in which he told about the couple who had been sealed
just prior to the husband's leaving for battle in Vietnam, and they
said to each other, "I am yours, and you are mine forever." On two
sacred occasions I too had to stand by and bear my witness, "You
are mine, and I am yours forever." God grant that I will not fail my
Heavenly Father nor you, my beloved brethren of the priesthood of
God. Priesthood correlation President McKay has asked me to talk to
the priesthood of the Church tonight on correlation. My prayer is,
President McKay, that I may discharge this assignment as you would
have desired me to do; and so with that assignment, and if I might
have interest in your faith and prayers tonight, I will attempt to say
what I should say of the great movement known as the Correlation
Program, which was launched by the First Presidency in a letter
seven years ago to the general priesthood committee. I shall read
from that letter: "We of the First Presidency have over the years felt
the need of a correlation between and among the courses of study
put out by the General Priesthood Committee and by the responsible
heads of other Committees of the General Authorities for the
instruction of the Priesthood of the Church. Correlation of studies
"We have also felt the very urgent need of a correlation of studies
among the Auxiliaries of the Church. We have noted what seemed to
be a tendency toward a fundamental, guiding concept, particularly
among certain of the Auxiliary Organizations, that there must be
every year a new course of study for each of the Auxiliary
organizations so moving. We questioned whether the composite of
all of them might not tend away from the development of a given
line of study or activity having the ultimate and desired objective of
building up a knowledge of the gospel, a power to promulgate the
same, a promotion of the growth, faith, and stronger testimony of
the principles of the Gospel among the members of the Church. . . .
"We think that the contemplated study by the Committee now set up
should have the foregoing matters in mind. We feel assured that if
the whole Church curricula were viewed from the vantage point of
what we
 ELDER HAROLD B. LEE 99 might term the total purpose of
each and all of these organizations, it would bring about such a
collation and limitation of subjects and subject matters elaborated in
the various Auxiliary courses as would tend to the building of
efficiency in the Auxiliaries themselves in the matter of carrying out
the purposes lying behind their creation and function. "We would
therefore commend to you Brethren of the General Priesthood
Committee the beginning of an exhaustive, prayerful study and
consideration of this entire subject, with the cooperative assistance
of the Auxiliaries themselves so that the Church might reap the
maximum harvest from the devotion of the faith, intelligence, skill,
and knowledge of our various Auxiliary Organizations and Priesthood
Committees. "This is your authority to employ such necessary
technical help as you might need to bring this about. We shall await
your report. "Faithfully your brethren, David O. McKay J. Reuben
Clark, Jr. Henry D. Moyle The First Presidency" Children, youth,
adults In that same letter they called attention to the fact that the
membership of the Church might be divided into three groups: the
children's group, under 12 years of age; the youth group, from 12 to
the 20's; and the adults, from the youth group on through life. That
is what set us to a study of this whole plan that we now speak of as
correlation. In our study we came across another prophetic
statement that has been read before, but I read it now as a part of
this presentation in order to tie the matter all together. Priesthood to
assume responsibility At the April conference in 1906, President
Joseph F. Smith made this statement: 'We expect to see the day, if
we live long enough (and if some of us do not live long enough to
see it, there are others who will), when every council of the
Priesthood in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints will
understand its duty; will assume its own responsibility, will magnify
its calling, and fill its place in the Church, to the uttermost, according
to the intelligence and ability possessed by it. When that day shall
come, there will not be so much necessity for work that is now being
done by the auxiliary organizations, because it will be done by the
regular quorums of the Priesthood. The Lord designed and
comprehended it from the beginning, and he has made provision in
the Church whereby every need may be met and satisfied through
the regular organizations of the Priesthood. It has truly been said
that the Church is perfectly organized. The only trouble is that these
organizations are not fully alive to the obligations that rest upon
them. When they become thoroughly awakened to the requirements
made of them, they will fulfil their duties more faithfully, and the
work of the Lord will be all the stronger and more powerful and
influential in the world." (Conference Report, April 1906, p. 3.)
Organization An organization was set up under the direction of the
First Presidency following that assignment seven years ago, and
seven members of the Twelve and the Presiding Bishop were named
as the Correlation Executive Committee. It should be understood
when we say executive committee that the Correlation Committee in
total includes the First Presidency and the Council of the Twelve
Apostles. We then considered ourselves a task committee to bring all
our work to that body whom we represented for final approval.
Correlation committees for children, youth, adults Three correlation
committees were set up: the children's correlation committee; the
youth correlation committee; and the adult correlation committee,
with aides or editorial boards for curriculum study and lessons for
family home teaching. Also appointed were managing directors for
four phases
 100 GENERAL CONFERENCE Saturday, September 30 of
priesthood activity: home teaching, missionary, welfare, and
genealogy. These directors were three Assistants to the Twelve and
one of the presidents of the First Council of the Seventy, with one of
the members of the executive committee as the chairman of the
group working with these managing directors. Professionally trained
general secretaries We then called to our aid professionally trained
men to be our general secretaries. These men, trained in educational
work, preferred not to be paid employees. They asked to make this
contribution to the Church on their own time and without cost, and
to continue their teaching roles at the universities where they were
employed. There are also others of our secretarial staff whose work
relates to correlation. We therefore have set ourselves, under the
direction of and with the help of these aides, to the monumental
task of correlating all the curricula in all Church organizations, and to
a continuing study of correlation problems for action of the First
Presidency and the Twelve. This organization has been in effect for
these seven years. Some developments have been outwardly
observed by the membership of the Church. I call these to your
attention so that you will have them in mind. Priesthood given
responsibility The first step that was made was to place the
priesthood in the place where the Lord had placed it: to watch over
the Church. In the Doctrine and Covenants, Section 20, the Lord
said: "The teacher's duty is to watch over the church always, and be
with and strengthen them; "And see that there is no iniquity in the
church, neither hardness with each other, neither lying, backbiting,
nor evil speaking; "And see that the church meet together often, and
also see that all the members do their duty." (D&C 20:5355.) Second
Day This, you will note by careful reading of this great revelation in
its entirety, was to apply to the whole priesthood of the Church.
Home teaching assigned The name of home teaching was given to
this movement, to distinguish it from ward teaching. When this was
discussed with President McKay, some suggested we should call
them watchmen— "priesthood watchmen" — but the President
wisely counseled that we had better not let the membership of the
Church think of the priesthood as detectives, that it would be better
to call them the priesthood home teachers. The genealogical
representatives called our attention to the fact that home teachers
was the title they gave to their genealogical workers in the wards.
The President then advised that these genealogical workers be
called family teachers, a name that is more descriptive of the work
of genealogical visitors to the homes in each ward. Purpose for
home teaching Home teaching, in essence, means that we consider
separately each individual member of the family who constitutes the
entire home personnel. Home teaching, as distinguished from ward
teaching, is to help the parents with home problems in their efforts
to teach their families the fundamentals of parental responsibility, as
contrasted with merely bringing a message, a gospel message, to
the entire family. Quorum leaders were given the responsibility of
selecting, training, and supervising quorum members in visiting with
and teaching assigned families of their own quorum members.
Organization and functioning Presidents or group leaders of each
Melchizedek Priesthood quorum and general secretaries of Aaronic
Priesthood— Adult and Youth were then brought together in what
were called "priesthood executive committees." Once a week this
committee, bringing together representatives of every priesthood
group, has been meeting with the bishopric, and there have been
corre 
 ELDER HAROLD B. LEE 101 lated and discussed all
problems pertaining to the priesthood. Here is a teaching
opportunity for the bishop to train the leaders of each priesthood
group in his ward. Greater emphasis on the teaching of the children
in the home by the parents was brought forth in what we call the
family home evening program. This was not new. Fifty years ago it
was given emphasis; and as we went back into history, we found
that in the last epistle written to the Church by President Brigham
Young and his counselors, it was urged that parents bring their
children together and teach them the gospel in the home frequently.
So family home evening has been urged ever since the Church was
established in this dispensation. Six hundred and fifty thousand
family home evening manuals with lessons for each week have been
prepared and placed in the hands of every parent throughout the
Church. Each year's theme of the home evening lessons has been
correlated with the Melchizcdek Priesthood and the Relief Society
lessons, and this year the Sunday School general board has
instituted a special class each week for parents to aid in their weekly
family home evening and to help prepare the parents to be better
teachers of their children. Plans were laid early in this dispensation
to meet the challenge of anticipated growth as indicated by the
scriptures and by prophetic utterances of presidents of the Church.
President McKay gave us the key to our search for what we should
do in these matters. In discussing a matter pertaining to the
missions, he said this: "Now in changing our policy here, let us keep
as near as we can to the revelations of the Lord, and we will never
be wrong if we do that." That sounds like good logic, doesn't it? The
place of the priesthood in the kingdom That injunction from the
President took us into a study of all that the Lord has said about the
place of the priesthood and how it should operate in the kingdom.
We found what the Lord said about the work of the Twelve: The
Twelve "The Twelve are a Traveling Presiding High Council, to
officiate in the name of the Lord, under the direction of the
Presidency of the Church, agreeable to the institution of heaven; to
build up the church, and regulate all the affairs of the same in all
nations, first unto the Gentiles, and secondly unto the Jews." (D&C
107:33.) The Seventy About the Seventy the Lord said: "It is the
duty of the traveling high council to call upon the Seventy, when
they need assistance, to fill the several calls for preaching and
administering the gospel, instead of any others." (D&C 107:38.) I
think you will see in what has gone forward in the last few years that
now as never before in our recollection, the seventies have been
given a major role in the missionary work of the Church. Perhaps the
door has opened as widely as it has ever been for the work of the
seventies, and we thank the Lord for the work of our leaders in the
seventies quorums. Now to support what the First Presidency's
message has already said about others who would be called as
leaders: "Whereas other officers of the church, who belong not unto
the Twelve, neither to the Seventy, are not under the responsibility
to travel among all nations, but are to travel as their circumstances
shall allow, notwithstanding they may hold as high and responsible
offices in the church." (D&C 107:98.) That would allow, besides
those mentioned, a place for the Assistants to the Twelve. Then we
found another scripture that had significance. It has always been
there, but we had never read this scripture as we saw it now. The
Lord said in the 84th section of the Doctrine and Covenants (this is
to the Twelve) : "Therefore, go ye into all the world; and unto
whatsoever place ye cannot go ye shall send, that the testimony
 GENERAL CONFERENCE 102 Saturday, September 30 may
go from you into all the world unto every creature. "And as I said
unto mine apostles, even so I say unto you, for you are mine
apostles, even God's high priests; ye are they whom my Father hath
given me; ye are my friends." (D&C 84:62-63.) Where we couldn't
go, then, the Lord has said, "Send," that the testimony, your
testimony, might by those you send be brought to every creature
throughout the world. Soon after the death of President Young,
President John Taylor and the Twelve took over the presiding
authority of the Church for approximately three years before
President Taylor was sustained as the President of the Church. In a
message to the Church at that time, two or three things were said to
which I would like to call your attention: Keys of the Holy Priesthood
and the Apostleship "The keys of the kingdom are still right here
with the Church ... the holy Priesthood and Apostleship, which He
restored to the earth, still remain to guide and govern, and to
administer ordinances to the Church which He has established. Our
beloved brother Brigham Young has gone from us to join the
Prophet Joseph and the host of the holy and the pure who are
behind the veil; but we do not therefore lose the benefit of his
labors. He is now in a position to do more for that work which he
loved so well, and for which he labored so ardently, than he could
possibly do in the flesh; and that work will roll onward with
increased power and accelerated speed." (Messages of the First
Presidency, Vol. 2, p. 299.) And then they quoted from the Prophet
Joseph Smith's instructions the following: "The Twelve are not
subject to any other than the First Presidency, viz: myself, Sidney
Rigdon, and Frederick G. Williams, who are now my counselors (and
where I am not there is no First Presidency over the Twelve)." After
the death of the Prophet Joseph, President Young, in speaking to
Second Day the Saints, said: ". . . Here are the Twelve, appointed by
the finger of God, who hold the keys of the Priesthood, and the
authority to set in order and regulate the Church in all the world."
{Ibid.) Then there followed a statement which indicated that there
was some tendency to look back to the previous administration and
think what the Prophet Joseph might have done had he been there.
President Brigham Young and his counselors wrote this in their
closing epistle to the Church: "Here is Elder Amasa Lyman and elder
Sidney Rigdon; they were councillors in the first presidency, and they
are councillors to the Twelve still; if they keep their places; but if
either wishes to act as 'spokesman' for the prophet Joseph, he must
go behind the veil where Joseph is." (Times and Seasons, Vol. 5, p.
638.) Now that was a rather interesting observation. May I now say
this: Those keys of the kingdom are still here with the Church today.
As President Taylor declared, ". . . the holy Priesthood and
Apostleship, which He restored to the earth, still remain to guide and
govern, and to administer ordinances to the Church which He has
established." President David O. McKay is the one man today who
holds those keys, as did the Prophet Joseph Smith, as did President
Brigham Young, as did President John Taylor, and so on down to
President McKay, who presides today. Then President John Taylor
added this final statement, which indicates something in which you
will be interested: Stake conferences "That there may be a correct
understanding among all the Stakes of Zion respecting the time for
holding the quarterly Conferences in the different Stakes, and the
Presidents be enabled to make preparations therefor, we have
deemed it best to make the following appointments for the
conferences during the next half year. [This was in 1877.] It will be
seen that in most
 ELDER HAROLD B. LEE 103 instances they will be held in
two stakes upon the same days. This is unavoidable, in consequence
of the great number of stakes." (Messages of the First Presidency,
Vol. 2, p. 301.) And then I counted the "great" number of stakes:
Salt Lake, Davis and Utah, Weber and Juab, Tooele and Box Elder,
Wasatch and Cache, Summit and Bear Lake, Morgan and Sanpete,
Sevier and Millard, Panguitch and Beaver, Kanab and Iron [Parowan],
and St. George — 20 stakes, a great number of stakes. There were
nine missions — nine organized missions — at that time. Well, as we
think about that now, and as they closed that epistle after making
that profound statement about the great number of stakes, the
Twelve then added: "And now, brethren and sisters, we exhort you
to arouse yourselves and seek unto the Lord in fervent faith and
prayer. We know that our Father in heaven is a God of Revelation.
He is ready and willing to pour out his blessings and gifts upon those
who seek unto Him for them. We need them as individuals and as a
people to qualify us for the duties which devolve upon us. We should
remember and carry into practical effect the counsels and
instructions we have so liberally received from our departed
President. He has gone from us; but the flock is not left without a
shepherd. Latter-day Saints should so live that they will know the
voice of the True Shepherd, and not be deceived by pretenders. . . .
The Latter-day Saint who does not live so as to have the revelations
of Jesus constantly with him, stands in great danger of being
deceived and falling away. ... All the signs which the Lord promised
to send in the last days are making their appearance. They show
that the day of the Lord is near. A great work has to be done, and
there is but little time in which to accomplish it; great diligence is,
therefore, required. . . . Let us not slacken our diligence, or give way
to doubt, unbelief or hardness of heart; but be strong in the Lord,
and cry unto Him unceasingly to give us the power to build up His
Zion on the earth, and to help establish a reign of righteousness,
peace, and truth." (Messages of the First Presidency, Vol. 2, pp. 302-
303.) And so ended that remarkable epistle to the Church. Now to
point up our challenge of the present growth and to prepare for the
fulfillment of the hastening of the Lord's work, which he promised he
would do in his own time: If one were to paint a picture in broad
strokes of just a few features of the future, here are some things
that will challenge the Church in the years that lie ahead:
Organization for the growth of the Church When I came into the
Council of the Twelve we had 35 missions. I helped to organize,
along with President Joseph Fielding Smith, the 138th stake. We
now have 443 stakes. During the 70 years from 1830 to 1900, the
Church grew by 258,000 members. Today, a quarter of a million
expansion in membership takes not 70 years, but in only two or
three years, we expand by a quarter of a million. Our Church
membership is increasing at about three times the growth rate of
the population of the United States. But, just as significantly, the
regional distribution of Church membership is also following some
clear trends that we must recognize, not only intellectually, but also
administratively. In 1910, Utah and Idaho contained approximately
75 percent of all Church membership. Today, only 40 percent of the
Church's members live in these two states. Utah once held two-
thirds of all members. Today, even though the number of members
in Utah has now risen from 224,000 in 1910 to 714,000, only one-
third of all members now live in Utah. Brazil now has 23,000 Latter-
day Saints; Australia, 21,000; and Mexico, 50,000. During the last
ten years, membership in the southern states has risen from 72,000
to 170,000; in South America from 6,000 to 67,000; and in Asia from
1,500 to 21,000. We have no choice but to think regionally.
 GENERAL CONFERENCE 104 Saturday, September 30
Research has been done by the department of statistics at the
Brigham Young University by Dr. Howard Nielsen, and he estimates
the Church membership by 1985, just 17 years from now, will total
from 5,700,000 to 7,700,000, depending on the rate of conversions.
By the year 2000 A. D., which means that our children now eight
years of age will then be 41 years old, we could have a total
membership of over ten million people. Though this may sound very
distant to some of us, it is the year, I repeat, when these eightyear-
olds will become 41, if you get that clearly. In 1985 there will be
more than one million members in Utah, but they will represent only
21 percent of all Church membership. California will have almost a
million members by then, and the southern states one-half million.
Canada will host 160,000 members, with more than 200,000 in the
British Isles, and over one-quarter million in Central and South
America. Today, there are approximately 443 stakes and nearly
4,000 wards and branches. By 1985, depending on our effectiveness
and external events, we should have 1,000 stakes and nearly 10,000
wards. In the calendar year 1985, about 200 new stake presidents
will be appointed to new or existing stakes, and General Authorities
will need to direct five stake reorganizations each week. The
brethren will then need to clear between 50 and 60 names for the
office of bishop each week. Well, you begin to see something about
the growth, and so we could go on with auxiliary organizations. Now
just a word about the missions: It is estimated that in the missions
within that 17-year period, in contrast to 77 or 78 missions we have
today, we could have as many as 185 missions by then, with
probably as many as 30,000 missionaries instead of our 13,000 as of
today. Perhaps this is enough, then, to indicate the great challenge
that demands an extended authoritative supervisory ministry.
Second Day Assistants to the Twelve When the first five Assistants to
the Twelve were called in 1941, the Presidency said: "The rapid
growth of the Church in recent times, the constantly increasing
establishment of wards and stakes, ... all have built up an apostolic
service of the greatest magnitude. The First Presidency and Twelve
feel that to meet adequately their great responsibilities and to carry
on efficiently this service for the Lord, they should have some help."
(The Improvement Era, May 1941, p. 269.) That was said when we
had 137 stakes. Now, when we have 443 stakes and twice as many
missions, you begin to see what we are talking about. All of this is
sobering to think about, even superficially. It is awesome to
contemplate, at any length. How can we best provide the necessary
leadership with enough worthy, able leaders in the right places at
the right time? How can we best finance a kingdom of this scope
and dimension? How can we best absorb, fellowship, and teach this
many souls? While sacrament meeting attendance rose from 21
percent in 1921 to 36 percent in 1965, we appear to have hit a
plateau. We are not advancing from that 36 percent. Effective
preaching of the gospel and showing how it relates directly to the
lives of people today are partial but needed answers to this
challenge. Regional Representatives assist the Twelve Now the plan
that has been announced is for the appointment of Regional
Representatives of the Twelve. Many of you heard the
announcement by the First Presidency yesterday. This was the
official announcement: "As many of you will remember, in 1941, it
became necessary for the First Presidency and the Twelve to provide
for additional brethren to help with the work of overseeing and
setting in order an ever-growing, world-wide Church. Thus in the
General Conference of April, 1941, Assistants to the
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