End-of-Unit Test Unit 8
Name:
Date:
Mark: / 80 marks
Reading
1 Read the text about using energy from the sun.
Some good news about the climate
We all know about the climate crisis and the type of action that needs to be taken to stop global warming, but we
don’t often hear positive news about the progress that has been made to reduce carbon emissions. The use of
fossil fuel power is in decline across large parts of the world, and several countries now produce all or nearly all of
their power from renewable sources. 1
Paraguay has achieved this mainly through hydroelectric power, created from water flowing through the Rivers
Paran and Acaray. Just two hydroelectric plants provide 98% of Paraguay’s electricity generation: the Itaip Dam,
jointly owned with Brazil, and the Yacyret Dam, owned in partnership with Argentina. The Itaip Dam is currently the
largest power plant in the world. 2
In Iceland too, water is an important electricity source, and hydroelectric plants use glaciers and rivers to produce
75% of the country’s electricity. The rest comes from geothermal sources – energy from the internal heat of the
earth. Iceland is volcanically very active, with 200 volcanoes and 600 hot springs. Hot water from the underground
springs can be pumped directly into homes and used for heating and to supply hot water from the tap. 3
The hot water is also used to heat greenhouses that grow the island’s fruit and vegetables, and to warm city streets
so they do not become icy and slippery in winter. The potential source of energy below the surface of Iceland is
enormous, but unfortunately, the country’s remote location means there is no way for them to export the energy to
other countries. Instead, they aim to attract more industries to the country to exploit the supply of cheap energy.
Solar power provides a large part of new electricity production around the world, with China, Japan and the US
being some of the leading countries in solar power production. The largest solar farm in the world is currently the
Bhadla Solar Park in the north of India, covering an area of 15 square miles (39 km2). The region is so hot and dry,
it is almost impossible for humans to live there, with summer temperatures reaching as high as 51ºC (124ºF).
4 For the same reason, many of China’s solar power plants are located in the Gobi desert. Australia also
plans to build a gigantic solar farm in the hot, dry Northern Territory. It will cover around 20,000 football fields and
be visible from space, and the energy produced will be exported to Singapore through cables under the sea.
Wind has been used for thousands of years as a source of energy and is increasingly considered to be a valuable
resource. 5 With its long coastline, the UK has a particularly high offshore wind production, with six of the
ten biggest offshore wind projects in the world. Leaders in wind energy production include China, the US and
Germany.
In other areas, every day brings new scientific progress that can help us turn climate change around. 6
Of course, the move from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources needs to continue, but progress is being made
every day.
© Cengage Learning, Inc. New Close-up B2
1 Permission granted to photocopy for classroom use. End-of-Unit Test Unit 8
2 Complete the Exam Task.
Exam TASK
Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A–G the one which fits each gap
(1–6). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.
A In fact, 90% of Iceland’s homes are heated in this way.
B ower from the movement of air is captured by wind turbines, sometimes on land, but often out to sea
P
(referred to as ‘offshore’ wind farms) where the wind speeds are usually higher than on land.
C In fact, Paraguay produces far more power than it needs, and much of it is exported to Argentina and Brazil,
making Paraguay the fourth largest exporter of electricity in the world.
D ecent technology news includes developments that might allow planes to be fuelled using carbon dioxide
R
from the air, and a revolution in technology allowing electric car batteries to be recharged in only five
minutes.
E t the head of this list are Iceland and the Republic of Paraguay, who already produce 100% of their
A
electricity from renewables, significantly reducing their carbon emissions.
F However, there are currently no countries which have been able to make effective use of it.
G Using the sun’s energy in this area is a good way to make use of the land.
( / 6 marks)
© Cengage Learning, Inc. New Close-up B2
2 Permission granted to photocopy for classroom use. End-of-Unit Test Unit 8
Vocabulary and Use your English
1 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1–8) with the endings (a–h).
1
We need to protect endangered a resources in the ground.
2
One of the results of global b gases.
3
Instead of burning them, perhaps we should leave natural c species, such as the panda.
4
I’m not sure whether organic d footprint.
5
Wind and solar power are valuable sources of renewable e food really is better for us.
6
Using cars and planes less will allow us to reduce our carbon f warming is the melting of ice caps.
7
We need to reduce our use of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse g reserves.
8
One way of protecting natural habitats is by setting up nature h energy.
( / 8 marks)
2 Complete the phrases with these verbs. Use the meanings in brackets to help you.
cut put (x 2) run slow soak use
1
_____________ up with (= accept) some inconvenience
2
_____________ down (= reduce the speed) the effects of climate change
3
_____________ out (= have no more left) of power
4
_____________ down (= destroy) trees or forests
5
_____________ an end to (= stop) global warming
6
_____________ up (= have no more left) the oil that’s under the ground so that there’s none left
7
_____________ up (= take away) CO2 from the atmosphere
( / 7 marks)
3 Complete the Exam Task.
Exam TASK
Read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
It is becoming clearer and clearer that climate (1) ______ is one of the most urgent problems that we are currently
facing. With each passing year, it seems that time is running out to (2) ______ the problem.
More and more of us feel that we need to (3) ______ our bit to help solve the issue. But in reality, the problem
comes from the top. It is the world’s richest people who (4) ______ the biggest part in contributing to global
warming. According to one study, it is the richest 10% of people who create around half of the world’s fossil
(5) ______ emissions. Not only that, but the richest 1% of people in the world (6) ______ half of the world’s
greenhouse gases from plane journeys. Most people in the world do not, in fact, travel by plane at all.
If we are going to (7) ______ action to protect our environment, then perhaps we need to focus our attention on
the top of society and the people who are (8) ______ most to the problem.
1 A development B change C warming D difference
2 A win B push C tackle D take
3 A make B play C show D do
4 A play B create C do D have
5 A material B food C fuel D energy
6 A generate B build C bring D begin
7 A make B do C give D take
8 A putting B adding C counting D belonging
( / 8 marks)
© Cengage Learning, Inc. New Close-up B2
3 Permission granted to photocopy for classroom use. End-of-Unit Test Unit 8
Grammar
1 Complete the conditional sentences with the correct form of the verbs.
1
If we had known the consequences, we (act) sooner.
2
If there (be) a recycling point nearer, I would use it more often.
3
Greenhouse gases (continue) to increase in the atmosphere unless governments
act.
4
When people (drop) litter on the street, it will stay there forever unless someone
else picks it up.
5
Would the world be a better place if we (never / invent) plastic?
6
I (always / get) upset when I hear about forests being cut down.
7
I’m going to be very hungry if I (not eat) now.
8
I’d stop using so much plastic if I (be) you.
9
If I (be) there, I would have told him the truth.
10
If I had known what was going on, I (can / not / stop) it from happening.
( / 10 marks)
2 Complete the mixed conditional sentences with the correct form of the verbs.
1 If I (study) more last week, I (not be) so worried
about my exams now.
2
I (not feel) so tired if I (sleep) enough last
night.
3
If we (bring) a map, we (not be) lost right now.
4
If cars (never / be) invented, our world today
(be) much cleaner.
5
Josh (go) to Mexico last week if he
(not be) scared of flying.
( / 10 marks)
3 Complete the sentences with these words.
long otherwise providing suppose that unless
1 I’m sure more people would use trains more for long journeys, provided they were
cheap enough.
2 it’s not raining, we can cycle instead of using the car.
3
We have to protect our rainforests, many animal species will have nowhere to live.
4
As as we continue burning fossil fuels at our current rate, the problem of global
warming will not be addressed.
5 organic food was as cheap as ordinary food, would you buy it?
6
We can’t travel very long distances quickly we use planes.
( / 6 marks)
© Cengage Learning, Inc. New Close-up B2
4 Permission granted to photocopy for classroom use. End-of-Unit Test Unit 8
Listening
1 8.1 Listen and complete the Exam Task.
Exam TASK
You will hear five short extracts in which people talk about environmental issues.
For questions 1–5, choose from the list A–H what each person is suggesting. Use the letters only once. There are
three extra letters which you do not need to use.
A visiting places which care more about the environment
B avoiding buying food from supermarkets
C travelling to less exotic places
D checking the consequences of something before making decisions
E banning plastic from workplaces
F fixing a particular time to focus on changing habits to reduce waste
G avoiding going anywhere on holiday
H thinking carefully about our shopping habits
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
( / 5 marks)
© Cengage Learning, Inc. New Close-up B2
5 Permission granted to photocopy for classroom use. End-of-Unit Test Unit 8
Writing
Complete the Exam Task. Write your answer in 140–190 words in an appropriate style.
Exam TASK
In your English class, you have been talking about recycling. Your teacher has now asked you to write an essay.
Write an essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view.
How can we encourage people to recycle their rubbish more effectively?
Notes
Write about:
1 educating people about what happens to recycled rubbish
2 offering people money back for recycling things like plastic or glass bottles
3 ___________________ (your own idea)
Write your essay.
( / 20 marks)
© Cengage Learning, Inc. New Close-up B2
6 Permission granted to photocopy for classroom use. End-of-Unit Test Unit 8
