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1. The question is based on the following passage.

Seventeen-year-old Robin West is an anomaly among her peers, she doesn’t have a

smartphone. Instead of scrolling through apps like TikTok and Instagram all day, she uses a so-

called “dumbphone”. These are basic phones, or feature phones, with very limited functionality

compared to say an iPhone. You can typically only make and receive calls and SMS text

messages. And, if you are lucky, you can listen to radio and take very basic photos, but definitely

not connect to the internet or apps. These devices are similar to some of the first phones that

people bought back in the late 1990s.

Ms West’s decision to ditch her former smartphone two years ago was a spur of the moment

thing. While looking for a replacement phones in a second-hand shop, she was lured by the low

price of a “brick phone”. Her current phones, from French firm MobiWire, cost her just £8. And

because it has no smartphone functionality, she doesn’t have an expensive monthly data bill to

worry about. She didn’t notice until she bought a brick phone how much a smartphone was

taking over her life. She had a lot of social media apps on it, and she didn’t get as much work

done as she was always on the phone.

Dumbphones are continuing to enjoy a revival. Google searches for them jumped by 89%

between 2018 and 2021, according to a report by software firm SEMrush. Fashion, nostalgia,

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and them appearing in TikTok videos, have a part to play in the dumbphone revival. While it’s

true that dumbphones can’t compete with the latest premium Apple and Samsung models

when it comes to performance or functionality, they can outshine them in equally important

areas such as battery life and durability.

Five years ago, Przemek Olejniczak, a psychologist, swapped his smartphone for a Nokia 3310,

initially because of the longer-lasting battery. However, he soon realised that there were other

benefits. Przemek Olejniczak admits that he now has to plan ahead more when he goes

traveling. Before he would always be stuck to the phone, checking anything and everything,

browsing Facebook or the news, or other facts he didn’t need to know. Now he has more time

for his family and himself. A huge benefit is that he isn’t addicted to liking, sharing,

commenting, or describing his life to other people. Now he has more privacy.

Bearne, S. (2022). Not smart but clever? The return of ‘dumbphones’. Taken on September 23,
2022 from: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-60763168.

According to Ms West and Olejniczak, these are the benefits of having dumbphones, EXCEPT

A. You can avoid media addiction.

B. You can have a phone with longer battery live.

C. You can share your daily lifes with anyone easily.

D. You can have less time searching for unnecessary information.

E. You can have more quality time with yourself and your family.

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2. The questions are based on the following passage.

In the US, consumers spend around $700 million a year keeping their fabrics soft. In the UK

people spend £200 million a year on fabric softener. A giant manufacturer even claims a massive

50 percent share of the market. Despite the popularity, fabric softeners can be harmful to both

the people who use them and the marine life that ends up swimming in them.

Fabric softening surfactants can be derived from animals, plants or minerals, as in the case of

newer, silicone-based formulations. There is little difference between the chemicals used in

fabric softeners and those used in hair conditioners. Whatever they are based on, all fabric

softeners work in pretty much the same way, by depositing these surfactants onto the fabric to

make it feel softer, reduce static cling, and impart a fresh fragrance.

Special fixatives in the mix of both standard and luxury conditioners mean that the fragrance

can last for days, permeating wardrobes and drawers. The regular off-gassing of perfume

chemicals from fabric softeners can be a significant trigger for asthma and other breathing

problems. In the US, chemically sensitive individuals complain that, even after several washes,

they cannot get the smell of fabric softeners out of their washing machines and dryers.

If you are a fabric softener addict, there are now a number of companies that provide

alternative and ‘green’ fabric softeners. However, essentially, these are unnecessary products

that can trigger health problems and can interfere with the functional aspect of some textiles.

For instance, when used on towels and nappies, some fabric softeners can reduce absorbency,

which is why it’s generally recommended that reusable nappies aren’t washed with them. Once

they are washed down the drain they can become highly toxic to aquatic life. Given this, maybe

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it’s worth asking yourself whether the time has come to break the fabric softener habit

completely.

Thomas, P. (2009). Behind the Label: Comfort Fabric Softener. Taken on 20 September 2021
from https://theecologist.org/2009/feb/12/behind-label-comfort-fabric-softener.

What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. The downside of fabric softener usage

B. The popularity of fabric softener in the US

C. Harmful compounds found in fabric softener

D. Controlling the habit of using fabric softener

E. Environmental issues caused by fabric softener

3. The word permeating in the third paragraph is similar in meaning with ….

A. filling

B. soaking

C. charging

D. attaining

E. absorbing

4. Based on the passage, it can be hypothesized that …

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 A. ‘Green’ softeners are developed in response to the needs of fabric softener addicts.

B. Manufactures will shift to producing ‘green’ fabric softener products.

C. A small amount of fabric softener chemicals in the water will not harm aquatic life.

D. The absorbency in some textiles will be reduced if they are washed with fabric softeners.

E. People with breathing problems will feel safer using fabric softener if it contains fewer

perfume chemicals.

5. The questions are based on the following passage.

The United Nations predicts Earth will have to feed another 2.3 billion people by 2050, mostly

concentrated in urban centers far from farmland. Conventional agriculture may not be able to

meet that demand, but luckily NASA has been working for decades to tackle food production

both on Earth and in space. Feeding astronauts during long-term space exploration means

stretching resources to grow plants in space—including minimizing water use and energy

consumption and eliminating soil.

NASA initially pioneered these techniques on the ground by building the country’s first vertical

farm. Inside a decommissioned hypobaric chamber left over from testing the Mercury space

capsule, technologists stacked rows of hydroponic trays like bookshelves against the walls. Then

systems for lighting, ventilation, and circulating water were added using off-the-shelf parts.

Various crops were planted on the stacked trays to test how well they would grow in water and

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without the benefit of sunlight or open air. This innovative approach to farming created a

foundation for the industry of controlled environment agriculture, or CEA.

CEA combines plant science and environmental control to optimize plant growth and maximize

efficiency, frequently incorporating vertical growth structures. Technology enables the filtering

of contaminants from crop water and delivers precise nutrient balances. Artificial lighting

provides only the necessary wavelengths at the right time, intensity, and duration, while

environmental controls maintain ideal temperature and humidity. This approach could help feed

burgeoning future generations, said Nate Storey, chief science officer at Plenty Unlimited, one of

several companies building on NASA’s plant-growth research.

Pierce, M. (2021). NASA Research Launches a New Generation of Indoor Farming. Taken on
November 30, 2021 from https://www.nasa.gov
/directorates/spacetech/spinoff/NASA_Research_Launches_a_New_Generation_
of_Indoor_Farming.

It is stated in the passage that …

A. The world will run out of food by 2050 according to the United Nations.

B. NASA has maximized a farming method requiring a little water.

C. NASA is taking over conventional agriculture to address future food demands.

D. To improve plant development, plant science must be integrated with vertical growth

structures.

E. NASA’s innovative approach pioneered the establishment of a controlled environment

agriculture industry.

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6. Regarding the role of NASA in producing food, we know that …

A. The more farming techniques NASA uses, the less energy it requires.

B. The greater the space exploration is carried out, the more number of astronauts that

must be fed.

C. The more people requiring food, the more maximum NASA’s agricultural technology will

be.

D. The longer the space expedition is, the more NASA optimizes its farming resources.

E. The more maximum NASA farming technology becomes, the less traditional farming will

be required.

7. From the first paragraph, it can be predicted that …

A. NASA will be more concerned with food production in space than with food production

on Earth.

B. The United Nations estimates that Earth will have to feed billions of people for a decade.

C. The most crucial aspect of long-term space exploration will be astronaut nutrition.

D. Conventional agriculture will succeed in feeding astronauts if it is combined with NASA’s

techniques.

E. In the future, there will not be enough land for conventional agriculture

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8. How is the second paragraph related to the first paragraph?

A. Paragraph 2 exemplifies kinds of agricultural progress discussed in paragraph 1.

B. The vertical farm described in paragraph 1 is explained in detail in paragraph 2.

C. The second paragraph expands on the first paragraph’s discussion of NASA’s agricultural

method.

D. The second paragraph explains further the issues raised in the first paragraph regarding

food demands in 2050.

E. The success of the NASA farming practices mentioned in the first paragraph is reiterated

in the second paragraph.

9. The questions are based on the following passage.

Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis is an infection caused by a bacterial organism (called

Chlamydophila felis). The most common signs of chlamydia in cats involve the eyes or the upper

respiratory tract (nose or throat), and only when infection is not treated does it spread to the

lungs. Because chlamydia lives inside cells of the body and is not able to survive for long in the

environment, spread of infection relies on direct or close contact with an infected cat. Following

infection, the incubation period (the time between infection and development of clinical signs

of disease) is between three and ten days.

The bacteria primarily infects the conjunctiva, which are the delicate membranes lining the

eyelids and covering the edges of the eyeballs. The infection causes inflammation known as

conjunctivitis. In normal cats, the conjunctiva is not readily visible and has a pale, salmon pink

color. In cats with conjunctivitis, the conjunctiva becomes swollen and red, making it more

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visible. The nictitating membrane or third eyelid in the inner corner of the eye may protrude

partially across the eye. One or both eyes may be involved.

Affected cats initially develop a watery discharge from the eyes that quickly becomes thicker

and is usually a yellow or greenish color. The eyes are uncomfortable and cats often keep the

affected eye(s) closed. Many cats remain bright and otherwise appear normal, but some may

develop a fever or lose their appetite. After one or two days, sniffles and sneezing may also

occur. In kittens, the infection may spread to the lungs and cause fatal pneumonia.

Hunter, T. (n.d). Chlamydial Conjunctivitis in Cats. Taken on September 21, 2021 from
https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/chlamydial-conjunctivitis-in-cats.

What does the text mainly deal with?

A. The process of chlamydia affliction in cats

B. An overview of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

C. Clinical signs of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

D. The symptoms of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

E. Treatments for cats with chlamydia conjunctivitis

10. In the second paragraph, the word inflammation most nearly means ….

A. rash

B. bruise

C. scrape

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 D. swelling

E. soreness

11. One of the symptoms of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis is ….

A. eating disorder

B. laboured breathing

C. low body temperature

D. abnormal eye discharge

E. dysfunctional eye membrane

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