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Animals in the tundra biome have adapted to reproduce quickly during the short summer
period when resources are abundant. After this, the animals migrate south or go into
hibernation until the following spring.
Before the pharmaceutical company can apply for a patent, the newly developed drug
must undergo a rigorous evaluation by the research team.
Spotty distribution of food to locations around the world is a large problem. Starvation is
widespread in the third world due to a number of factors, and causes the mass migration
of refugees.
The research on the prevention of strokes has led to several breakthroughs. Doctors
focused on strokes that were caused by erratic heart rhythms produced by blood clots.
The submarine is very efficient as a weapon of war at sea. Its tremendous size, utility,
fire power, and range to navigate the ocean make it one of the twentieth century’s
greatest inventions.
Underground there exists a profuse number of mites and springtails. These minuscule
insects lay their eggs on subterranean vegetation.
California law has enforced the use of antipollution devices on vehicles since the 1950s.
Plus, during the following two decade, the federal government introduced increasingly
stringent emission controls on motor vehicles.
Although Federal One was a popular program, it was challenged by numerous critics.
Finally in 1930, after their consistent vigorous attacks, they were able to persuade
congress to abolish the program.
Ancient Greek pottery provides vita information to archaeologists about Ancient Greek
history and culture. Although many vessels may not be entirely intact, these remnants
are still very helpful.
Ancient population counts must be considered with caution because they only counted
men of military age and their taxable property. Women, children, and the elderly were
excluded from this early form of census-taking.
At the base of an effective environmental movement, there must be a change in
individuals’ attitudes. The perception of the environment as an eternally self-replenishing
service mush be shifted.
Due to the relatively new nature of recognizing and classifying social spider species,
many people cannot tell the difference between them. They are not all the same, and
scientists are eager to gather new information.
Engineers must consider the force of Mother Nature when designing structures. They
must be innovative about creating more robust structural supports for new buildings.
Native Americans began to deem the hunting life unnecessary when the government
began offering subsides for their land. Though they had little choice, initially they saw
this as a means to increase their domestic comforts.
Psychoanalysts who adopt this dynamic approach believe that inner conflicts are vital to
understanding human behaviors. Freud believed that aggressive impulses were
inevitable reactions to the stresses of daily life.
Seagoing merchants from New England were very familiar with West Africa from the early
eighteenth century. As time passed, a brisk trade developed involving African slaves,
gold, ivory, tobacco, rum, guns, and sugar.
Timekeeping has played a vital role in abstract pursuits like superstition. However,
calendar systems appear to have been first devised for the pragmatic need of planting
crops and keeping track of season changes.
Until 1929, refrigerators used several toxic gases as refrigerants. After these gases
accidently killed several people, a new element replaced them as the standard
refrigerant in household fridges across America.
When there is a slight change in the environment, it can create fluctuations in animal
populations. If there is too little rainfall and certain plants cannot grow, the species that
eat them will also be diminished.
With the advent of unions, individual workers within the manufacturing industry were
able to communicate their wishes. Hence, this allowed the common people to alter the
laws that governed their daily lives.
New immigrants face many obstacles when searching for employment. As a consequence
of not knowing the native language, they have a high unemployment rate and a high rate
of poverty.
The ramifications of the depletion of the ozone layer are quite serious because the
ultraviolet light reaching the Earth’s surface is damaging to the DNA in humans and
animals. An obvious result of this is the recent increase in skin cancers.
It is beyond doubt that the Athenians contributed far more than their allies to the victory.
They matched the formidable Persian fleet in nautical skill, even though their vessel
numbers were less.
History annals have established Genghis Khan as the ruthless and cold-blooded
conqueror of the largest empire the world has ever seen. At the time of his death, his
domain extended from the Pacific Ocean to the Black Sea and from Siberia to Tibet.
After the truth came out about his extramarital indiscretions, the Reverend Lyford was
expelled from the colony. His immoral behavior caused him to be detrimental to the
Pilgrims’ project of setting up a godly community.
The discovery of an ancient mistake that left the wrong composer’s name on the
composition has music enthusiasts excited. One of the academic says the discovery is a
significant contribution to research into Vivaldi, who has been found to be the authentic
composer.
Small peninsulas jut out from the mainland, contributing to some of the most outstanding
features of the Alaskan outline. The most notable of these is the Alaska Peninsula, which
is an amazing 550 miles long.
Some plants, like cacti, are able to store large amounts of water in their leaves or stems.
Other plants have extraordinarily deep root systems that allow them to obtain water from
far below the desert’s arid surface.
A specific configuration of the Sun, Moon, and Earth produce neap tide. When the planets
are almost in line, their pulls cause water to surge up on the beaches.
500 teaching assistants were eligible for the award this year. However, only ten of them
made it to the final nomination ballot to receive awards for outstanding teaching.
Postmodernism, one of the most important movements of the 20th century, is the
rejection of all notions of objectivity and empiricism. To the postmodernist, no scientific
“truth” is unquestionable, and no master narrative can explain everything.
Leaders from around the thirteen states met to discuss the formation of the new
government t the Constitutional Convention. One of the key points of discussion was the
debate over the merits and risks of a federal arrangement.
In the last 50 years, there have been fundamental changes in higher education. Where
once there was an apparent distinction between liberal education and vocational
education, the line between the two has now become blurred.
After years of research, a major public health milestone was achieved. A significant cause
of serious birth defects, the rubella virus was declared eliminated as a public health
threat.
Although it did guarantee the German people liberty, labor, and education, the Weimar
constitution’s main flaw was that it allowed too many political parties to exist. This led to
coalition-forming and distracted politicians from truly serving the public.
Anxiety and nervousness are hindrances to effective learning. Students may forget
assignments, blank out during tests, or fail to meet a deadline because of these feelings.
Drawbacks exist in the concept of business partnerships over sole proprietorships. The
greatest problem to affect a partnership is the risk that each partner is liable for the
debts incurred by any other partner.
Eagles have access to a remarkably wide range of food sources. In fact, the only
constraint in their search for prey is that they need wide open spaces of water or land in
which to hunt.
Roosevelt’s New Deal did not substantially alter the status of those with power in
American capitalism. It actually only had a minor impact on the distribution of wealth
among the population.
The disappearance of permanent water is thought to be due to the geological uplift of the
region. Another hypothesis is that perhaps the original source has been diminished or
diverted to another location.
Scientists concluded that remnants found on a similar stratum of rock were probably of
roughly equivalent age. However, there were still several impediments which prevented
this method from providing a truly accurate age estimate.
The art of conducting involves organizing and unifying a musical performance where a
number of instruments are played simultaneously. It stems from an early form called
cheironomy.
The bird uses its bill and tongue together to pry open the shell, discard the covering, and
eat the inner kernel. Amazingly, it is able to accomplish all this in just a few seconds.
Modern man’s leap toward industrialization has no doubt led to the extinction of many
bird species. In North America, the Great Auk which was an easy source of food and bait
for Atlantic fisher man, became the first bird to be annihilated in the 1800s.
The glossary is aimed primarily to assist readers who are unfamiliar with early
seventeenth-century spellings. Overall, however, obsolete or archaic words have not
been indexed.
The study of brain-damaged patients and other recent scientific research has increased
our knowledge of brain functions. From these studies, great strides have been made in
treating patients with a range of brain disorders and diseases such as epilepsy and
tumors.
There is safety in numbers at communal roosts since a few birds will always be awake to
sound an alarm if enemies approach. However, this protection is countered by the fact
that mass roosts also attract predators.
Thomas Paine made a strong statement in one of his pamphlets that angered Loyalists.
He rallied a cry among revolutionaries to start up a war that would start a new era in
world history.
After Abraham Lincoln’s death, there were many attempts to steal his body, and his son
decided the only solution was to have a permanent crypt built. Lincoln’s coffin was to be
encased in concrete and buried beneath a rock slab, rendering the tomb impenetrable.
Many thinkers of this time believed that humanity and society were in a perpetual state
of progress, and this is how Pragmatism developed. It is best understood in its historical
and cultural context, arising during a period of rapid scientific advancement,
industrialization, and material progress.
Harlem’s dynamic culture attracted a variety of artists and intellectuals from different
parts of the United States and the Caribbean. A new spirit was born as these artists from
a diverse mix of social and geographical backgrounds converged.
International orchestral performances can reach even the most remote regions due to
the advent of the internet and satellite broadcasts. An enormous repertoire is available to
anyone who cares to listen.
Jazz originated in the southern United States after the Civil War, beginning as the musical
expression of black people who were formerly slaves. This new music blended gospel
hymns and the African rhythm of their ancestors.
Many education experts were initially reluctant to use computers in the classroom,
arguing that the technology was too slow and unresponsive. However, the infrastructure
is now in place to make computers fast, efficient and responsive learning mechanisms.
Although European military conflict did not cease, it was less disrupting to the lives of
Europeans. In the northwest, the Enlightenment gave a philosophical underpinning to the
new outlook of modernism, and literacy continues to spread due to the printing press.
Online ocean shipping portals have been trumpeted as a way for shippers to deal with
many ocean carriers on one website. They could conduct business with all their ocean
carriers, while saving time and money on transactions.
Potters use paints and dyes from local plants to paint the intricate decorations on the
pots. They take old and broken pottery shards, grind them down into a powder, and mix
the substance with the clay.
Stores that wish to stay in business must adapt to changing market conditions. This
means improving services or creating novel marketing solutions.
The thinning of the ozone layer has been a cause for concern as global warming takes
center stage. The weakened ozone occurs when chlorofluorocarbons and other chlorine
compounds are put together with oxygen atoms in the ozone, depleting the ozone and
allowing more harmful sun rays to enter our atmosphere.
There are many factors involved in scientific research, from chance or luck to patience
and hard work. It is an innovative process that is a combination of many different
techniques and can result in amazing advances for humankind.
When atoms or uranium fuel collide with neutrons, there is an incessant release of heat
triggered by the chain of fission ignited. 21% of the electricity in the United States in
2001 was generated by nuclear power.
A hognose snake’s first tactic is to trick its predator by flattening and expanding the front
third of its body and head, causing it to appear larger. It then curls into an exaggerated s-
shaped coil and hisses, sometimes making false strikes at its tormentor.
An entire skeleton was never found at the site as all the bones gathered were from
different body parts. Although poorly preserved, these findings were significant in
assisting anthropologists interpret the anatomy of the Krapina Neanderthals.
Mount Rainier is the highest mountain in Washington and the glory of the Cascade
Range. Its summit is broad and rounded, not jagged and sharp like most others.
Every year the Arts department has a committee dealing with its registered members.
Committee membership rotates every year, so that new voices and opinions are
constantly heard.
Sustainability in the new century will be marked by the direction the chemical industry
heads in at this crucial juncture of time. If there is enough government support and
funding, a desirable industry could emerge.
From approximately 300 BC to 1540 AD, the Hohokam people developed a thriving
agricultural community of corn, squash, and bean farms. They settled along the Salt and
Santa Cruz rivers, where they refined the artistry of creating jewelry from shells.
In 1200, the Olmecs was at the peak of its strength, the most advanced culture in North
America. It dominated the Southeast until the Europeans began arriving in the sixteenth
century and took over the land.
In Japan, trees are planted to stabilize soil on steep mountain slopes. Alders are planted
to stabilize and rehabilitate waste material deposited after landslides and floods in both
Europe and Asia.
The bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a point of reference. Thus, its eye is a superb
navigational instrument that chronically measures the angle of its line of flight in relation
to the sun.
The orchestra is the most important mechanism for the exchange of musical thought. By
regularly practicing and playing together, the more experienced members within an
orchestra’s ranks are able to enrich the skills and musical appreciation of the younger
musicians.
The collection of nectar and pollen for honey production is arranged when worker bees
are ready to leave the hive. This occurs two or three weeks after they mature from the
larval stage.
To ancient peoples, it seemed apparent that the Earth was flat and that the sun, moon,
and stars revolved around our planet. We now know that the sun is the center of this
particular system, but that it is only one in a myriad of stars that comprise the Milky Way.
Until recently, scientists believed that life could only be sustained with radiation from the
sun. This led them to assume that oceans could only support life near the surface where
the sun’s radiation pierced, and that organisms deep below were nonexistent.
Another issue wind farms have generated is the toll they take on migrating birds, as well
as hawks and eagles, that use the towers as perches. Sometimes they fly into and are
killed by the rotating turbine blades.
Archaeologists believe that Australopithecus robustus made primitive tools long before
becoming extinct 1 million years ago. In fact, many suggest that during this period the
species may have been more advanced than our direct ancestors, Homo habilis.
Artwork of the Baroque period is stylistically very complex, and incorporates considerable
variety. However, the element that unites all Baroque artists is the desire to evoke an
emotional response by appealing to the senses.
Willard clockmakers attempted to differentiate their products from those of the Concords
through such means as a distinctive ornamental inlay. The Willards also made less costly
wall clocks, including “banjo clocks,” which were patented in 1802.
It has been said that humans contribute to high consequence accidents in the various
phases of an engineering system. However, while human error is attributed to 80 percent
of accidents, a closer look reveals that many of these accidents are actually system
errors.
Plants are easily damaged when under attack from a large number of species, including
different kinds of bacteria and insects. To counter these attackers, many plants have
evolved key defense mechanisms.
Researchers found that the migration of monarch butterflies in the winter was limited to
other nesting sites along the coast. It was also observed that a mere few days of warm
and dry weather can trigger a premature mass exodus in January or February.
Salahaddin distributed over 400 loads of arrows to his soldiers and kept a reserve of
supplies for he knew his enemy’s weakness. Although the Frankish knights were
armoured and skilled on horseback, their horses were vulnerable to archery attacks.
The common user attitude towards disposal is based on people’s wishes to flush waste
away without any thought. Thus, the conventional approach in urban areas of
industrialized countries is to dispose of excreta and other waste by means of large sewer
systems.
The increased use of iceboxes enabled families to store perishables. The invention of a
way to produce ice artificially in the 1870s created a way for more than two thousand
commercial ice plants to spring up across the map.
The moon, because of its earthshine, acts as a crude weather satellite by very simply
reporting the general state of the earth’s cloudiness. This is possible because the amount
of light reflected from the earth depends on the amount of cloud cover.
The naturalist philosophy attempted to show that moral claims had no value or truth,
leaving the truth of moral claims inexplicable. Due to this reason, naturalism could not
account for the fundamental truths of ethics that Kruger’s theories were based on.
The sabertoothed cat was bulkier than other cats, with its heavy muscular build and
strong limbs. It also had a short tail and was a nimble predator, pouncing upon its prey
instead of chasing it similar to lions and other cats.
This complicated solution required an exact surveying to translate these lines to real
points on the ground. The English government sent Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon,
noted astronomers and mathematicians, to the colonies to undertake this difficult task.
While attempting to control unknown powers, early humans adopted certain measures to
bring about fortune. Inclined in these measures were effigial worship and folk song, which
were used so often they became hardened into rituals and embedded into the culture.
After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Canada began to decline, reflecting key
changes in Canadian society. As more women entered the workforce, and as young
couples began to live their lives by a new set of standards, the average family size
decreased.
Although some fish spread out into haphazard patterns, they rarely break form. Some
move in schools composed of members of all age ranges, others are separated by age.
As historians have tried to unravel the mystery surrounding Stonehenge, they have
discovered that its megalithic arrangement is not unplanned at all. In fact, the
arrangement marks the solstice and lunar phases, as well as a number of other
astronomical phenomena.
Avalanches are most common on slopes exceeding 30 degrees, when a sudden deep
snow fall does not have time to cohere, or when old snow begins to thaw. Graupel snow,
which is like pellets, is more prone to avalanches than ordinary snowflakes.
During a raid, several thousand Polyergus workers will travel great distances in search of
a Formica nest, chase away the queen and her workers, capture the pupal brood, and
ferry it back to their nest. This captured brood is then raised by the resident Formica
workers.
Exhibitors wanted to maximize their profits, which they could do more readily by
projecting a handful of films to hundreds of customers at once. A year after the opening
of the first Kinetoscope parlor in 1894, showmen could perfect the projection devices.
External forces can upset the atom, allowing it to gain or lose electrons. When the stable
condition of an atom is undermined, the atom develops a net charge, because the
number of negative charges does not offset the number of positive charges.
Federal ministers considered the legal rights for parents to choose their own hours and
obtain paid leave when their children are ill. These new rights are being implemented to
ensure more flexible work schedules for parents.
Glass is an adaptable substance which is useful in myriad forms, from attractive artifacts
to optical devices. Amazingly though, glass itself is made using the simplest of raw
materials.
In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, festive shawls were chiefly white or
sometimes blue. The function of a festive shawl was to adorn and protect the wearer, as
if to isolate her from the corruptions of the outside world.
Many people think of deserts as dry, flat areas with sparse vegetation and no rainfall.
This is a false perception because many deserts have a permanent source of water and
are comprised of various geographical formations.
Michinaga’s relationship with the emperor Murasaki isn’t clear to scholars. It was certain
he was her patron in the sense that she owed her court position to him, but on a personal
and emotional level, their relationship is much less obvious.
That incomplete dinosaur DNA can be compensated with frog DNA to fill in missing
sections is a complete myth. The biggest problem with ancient DNA is that it is prone to
decay when exposed to the elements.
The arguments the three architects presented were reinforced by the fact that masonry
could be considered just as natural as wood. After all, stones came from the ground, and
bricks and concrete were created from earth products.
The war between England and Spain lasted until 1604. It helped to intensify English
nationalism and secure Protestantism as England’s main religion.
When the first bicycles were manufactured in America, women quickly began to
experiment with this new mode of transportation. They attempted to ride while wearing
voluminous, ankle-covering skirts that were fashionable at the time.
“The Pearl” is a parable about a fisherman who finds a huge pearl with destructive
powers. The story is told in a style so authentic that readers feel they are truly hearing
the story from one of the characters in the novel.
Although most businesses suffered during the Depression, it provided S.H.Kress &Co.
with excellent conditions for growth. The company was able to construct a large number
of outlet stores by capitalizing on the cheap labor and materials available during this
time.
Anthropologists believe that drama and theater evolved out of traditional tribal rituals. As
in modern theater as well, a suitable site had to be provided for ritual acts, with an
“acting area” and a separate “auditorium” for those not participating in the performance.
Art academies and early museums were founded to provide artists with technical training
and to increase public awareness and taste for the arts. However, by the 1830s and
1840s artistic optimism gave way to pessimism with people beginning to argue over
slavery.
Although many social theorists use the spaceship paradigm, there are obvious limitations
to the analogy. The theory erroneously suggests that the only proper recourse when
environmental problems arise is to seek solutions in advanced technology.
Even in the beginning of the nineteenth century, Americans were developing the habit of
gathering from across the nation for a variety purposes. Conventions were the new
occasions for socializing and meeting new people.
Gaugin continued to display his works at three consecutive Impressionist exhibitions from
1880 to 1882. After these exhibits, he went to live in Brittany before returning to Paris,
where he met Vincent Van Gogh and began to refine his pottery skills.
In 1957, Canada had one of the highest birth rates in the world. While the thriving
domestic economy played a vital role in this growth, the population expansion was also
derived from the trend toward larger families and earlier marriages.
Lloyd Wright could be considered an idiosyncratic architect with immense influence but
few pupils. In the latter years of his life, he expended as much energy giving interviews
and being a celebrity as he did actually designing buildings.
Mozart was a child prodigy who was abnormally gifted with the ability to compose
incredible musical compositions in impossibly short periods of time. He was adored by
many, detested by some, and an 18th century superstar in Europe.
Pamphlets and chapbooks could be easily produced and sold cheaply. However, small
books that had proven to be good sellers were by far the most appealing investments for
publishers because they provided them with a reasonably steady source of income.
Technology developed quickly because early American industrialists were able to harness
the abundant availability of waterpower. Moreover, entrepreneurs usually built cheaper
machines that wore out quickly and were therefore relatively inexpensive to modify.
The idea of procuring fresh water from an iceberg is not being considered quite seriously
by many nations. This is especially true since scientists have warned that the current
human population will outgrow its fresh water supply before long.
When a site is located for construction, archaeologists are called in to dig up the area in
order to systematically determine if there are any archaeological remains. If unique
deposits are found, they are preserved by record and assessed for historical value.
When the hydrogen in the core of a huge star is transformed to iron and explodes, a
supernova occurs. All stars cease to exist when all their nuclear fuel has been exhausted.
Architect Andrew Jackson Downing argued in his book that the perception of permanence
greatly improved the effect of any work of art. He felt that woodwork always appeared
temporary, whereas masonry have the reassuring impression of permanence.
As a result, fast food companies are looking into another source of cheap labor, the
elderly. It has been determined that older people are less likely to skip work or quit
without giving prior notice.
At rural county fairs, the men bought or traded farm animals and other goods, the
women displayed food they had prepared at home, and there were a number of
competitions. Typically, these events included sporting activities such as wrestling
matches and races.
Even though the city is not a global phenomenon, it still varies between regions and
cultures. Within the seemingly homogenous realm of North America, there are small but
important differences between older eastern and newer western cities.
Queen Victoria was the last under the Hanoverian name to rule in England, and her
eldest son was Edward the Seventh. He was the antithesis of his proper mother,
developing a racy reputation by indulging in numerous extramarital affairs and being
named in a number of divorce cases.
Mangrove trees have invaded salt water environments and created one of the most
productive ecosystems on this planet. Growing where the water is warm, shallow, salty,
and serene, mangrove trees flourish in fine-grained, nutrient-rich soils.
Many began an exodus from farms to the city in between 1880 and 1920. This occurred
mainly because small farms weren’t able to afford to upgrade their technology and many
were no longer able to support the entire family.
Most birds have a remarkable and complex visual communication system. For instance,
dunlins take off, turn and fly without appearing to have a leader or any obvious
hierarchy, yet they almost never collide with other birds from the flock.
One of Margaret Thatcher’s final acts in office was convincing US President Bush to send
troops to derive the Iraqi army out of Kuwait. As Bush was apprehensive about the plan,
Thatcher famously told him it was not “time to go wobbly.”
Prestige is usually linked to income, but this is not always true. For example, college
professors have a lot of prestige, but low salaries, while on the contrary, some low
prestige workers receive high wages and benefits.
The Tower of Belem off the coast of Portugal has served as a welcoming beacon for
sailors of centuries past returning home from sea. It has served as a fortress,
watchtower, and prison, though it leads a more tranquil existence today as a tourist site.
The community must ensure that its drinking water is pure. If not, there are many
contagious diseases that can rapidly spread throughout a village and sometimes even
wipe out a small town population.
Since the mid-90s, globalization has become a major focus of discussion in economic
spheres. It is clear to analysts that the trend toward more integrated world markets has
opened the door for greater growth and allows unparalleled opportunity for developing
countries to raise their living standards.
The development of the first x-ray microscope was initially overshadowed by the rapid
progress of the electron microscope. In the 1940s electron microscopes routinely
achieved resolution superior to that provided by a visible-light microscope.
The early European settlers of America did not abandon the favorite leisure pursuits of
their ancestors. In spite of the unforgiving nature of the new continent and the obvious
disapproval of the clergy, most continued to pursue personal pleasure.
The pressure and demands from world leaders were becoming increasingly insistent. The
South African government had no other choice but to release Mandela from prison.
The rise of industrialization fundamentally changed the fabric of American society. While
this industrial growth was brought about by several factors, the most crucial was the
abundance of natural resources such as coal, iron ore, water, petroleum, and timber.
The Romans and Greeks discovered that lavender does not just add a delightful
fragrance. The antiseptic properties of lavender essential oil mean that it is good for your
skin as well, washing away impurities and preventing against germs.
Although there is now a trend toward organically grown food products, conventionally
grown foods also provide just as much nutritional value. The point of concern is that
consumers may have the misapprehension that expensive organic produce is better.
By 1500, the entire northern part of North America was occupied by hunters. At this
stage, there was still an abundance of game in these regions to support the hunter’s
lifestyle.
Charles Piece was the first of the American pragmatists, and William James was the first
great American psychologist. However, it was John Dewey who expanded on the
principles of Peirce and James, developing their ideas into a truly comprehensive
philosophy.
During the winter months, precipitation evaporates quickly on the broad, flat desert
floors. It is, therefore, an environment in which organisms endeavor simply to survive,
eking out a sparse existence.
Environmental activists passionately argue that technology is seldom the best solution
for environmental problems. They warn that in the course of further tinkering, people can
actually cause more harm than good.
He led his fellow countrymen during the literary era known as the American Renaissance.
He was also the principal spokesman for Transcendentalism, serving as a cultural
middleman for the aesthetic and philosophical currents of Europe to pass through.
Mind mapping is used by psychologists to assist the patient to express their emotions in
words and connecting them to experiences. The use of key words not only condenses
information but also strengthens one’s recall by linking important concepts.
Parasitic plants do not produce their own food by the sun’s energy, but rather latch onto
a host plant and consume its food. These parasitic plants are often found in umbrageous
areas rather than those exposed to direct sunlight.
Recently, old paint flakes were used to restore the original murals. Paint samples from
the walls of John Wesley’s chapel in Bristol were removed to be replicated at a studio in
the museum.
Social scientists apply a rigid set of criteria in order to determine whether a group of
people constitute a “social group.” One such requirement is that there be a clear
hierarchy and structure of roles within the group.
The fishing technique uses numerous baited hooks attached to far-reaching fishing lines
that are stretched across open ocean. A risk, though, is that albatrosses are attracted to
the fish bait on the longlines and can become entangled in them and drown.
The rapid scientific advancement and industrialization of the 19th century led many to
believe in the eternal and continuous progress of humankind. Nowadays, historians and
social scientists reject this belief as a cardinal error in judgment.
Tiny, delicate ice formations created in the atmosphere form snowflakes, which fall to the
ground as precipitation. As the snow ages on the ground, the crystals shrink and become
compacted, the whole mass squeezing together to form denser snow.
Understanding the relationship between the movement of celestial bodies and the
patterns of Earthly events was of paramount importance in many cultures. This is why
many separate cultures developed their own methods for monitoring and observing
astronomical events.
Currently, the increase of surface ice over Baffin Bay during the winter has posed serious
problems for local narwhals. They are at a greater risk now because they must
periodically surface to breathe, and the ice sheet is limiting their ability to do so.
Daguerre’s method was to cover a copper plate in a light-sensitive emulsion which, after
prolonged exposure to light, produced an image. However, because this method did not
make a negative, as in modern film, the image could not be duplicated.
Geologists have found glacial sediments of roughly equivalent age all around the
northern hemisphere. These discoveries indicate that an ice age most likely seized the
planet during this period.
Humans have always studied the flight of birds and attempted to imitate it. However, it
wasn’t until very recently in the twentieth century that engineers were able to
understand the principles of flight that birds have used for millions of years.
In the early 19th century, newspapers began regularly printing these satirical drawings
for comic relief. More often than not, the intended aim of the caricaturist was to mock
local politicians and celebrities who understandably did not take kindly to such
treatment.
One night, Galileo was entertaining his intellectual ally, Friar Sarpi. While gazing at the
stars, Sarpi cautioned his friend about disseminating his radical astronomical theories.
Red dwarfs are dim stars that comprise as much as 85 percent of the stars in our galaxy.
Astronomers believe they are so abundant because they are much easier to form than
their larger counterparts, possessing masses that are a third of our sun.
Sociologists saw a shift in mankind moving from an ancient worldview based on fear of
the supernatural to one based on empirical science. Eminent scholar Turner advocated
the use of the term primal religion to describe the ancient worldview, meaning those old
world religions that antecede the great historic religions.
The age when female cetaceans begin reproducing varies greatly from species to
species. A female humpback whale typically reaches sexual maturity at around four or
five years of age, while a female gray whale begins bearing young between eight and
twelve years.
The aim of the system is to manage traffic flow by minimizing the impact of cars joining
the highway without adding to local congestion. Sensors in the road surface will gather
data on traffic speed and flow and send it to a roadside station via a wireless link.
The early European settlers of the United States did not abandon the hobbies that their
ancestors had traditionally enjoyed. Even the harshness of existence of foreign soil
couldn’t discourage the majority from the pursuit of pleasure.
The Plume Geyser was created in 1922 when a steam explosion opened its vent. It shoots
three to five bursts of water twenty-five feet high at intervals every twenty minutes.
The two foremost contributions that energy made to farming at this time were the use of
commercial fertilizers and the production of farm machinery. These motorized machines
first became practical for farmers around 1910 when tractors became available and
affordable.
The use of sail craft was declined for many reasons. First, they were too dependent on
the winds, making them extremely difficult to manipulate, and second, the cargo holds
were inefficient and too small.
To protect themselves from a vast array of potential colonists, plants have evolved a
variety of self-defense mechanisms. These include preformed or passive defense
mechanisms, as well as inducible or active systems.
Traditionally, people had regarded the growing loss of species and habitats as tragic in its
own right. Recently, however, the public had begun to appreciate the importance of
biological diversity in terms of the Earth’s future, as well as that of humanity itself.
Young raccoons remain in the maternity den for approximately eight weeks before
leaving to hunt for food. Although they are capable of feeding themselves, they continue
to nurse from time to time for two months afterward.
Art is a reflection of the ideology of the society, as well as the feelings and behavior of
notable individuals. For example, the paintings and sculptures of Dracula of Romania and
David of Israel clearly tell us something about both these societies.
Cosmic rays are atomic particles moving close to light speed. Lower-energy cosmic rays
bombard the Earth constantly, propelled by solar flares and typical star explosions.
Even Mozart himself, just months before his death, had hypothesized publicly that
someone wanted to murder him. However, solid evidence has never been found to
corroborate this.
Few places remain completely untouched by the presence of a Wal-Mart store and it has
literally altered the way Americans shop. It is ubiquitous and instantly recognizable,
almost as symbolic of American popular culture as the McDonald’s franchise.
Men are likely to engage in risky behavior during times of high alcohol consumption.
Testosterone levels in men are decreased following alcohol intake, so the brain and
pituitary gland are instructed to produce more hormones to increase the production of
testosterone.
Much has been recently discovered about the development of song in birds. Some
species are restricted to a single song learned by all members of their family, while other
species have a range of songs and sounds, depending on environment stimulation.
Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania is renowned for the richness of prehistoric evidence that it has
provided archaeologists. Many of the most famous sites in the region are small lakeside
locations which would have been used temporarily by early hunter-gathers.
Slaves labored relentlessly on large plantations due to the popularity of cotton gin. As
these plantations spread southwest, the price of slaves and land inhibited the growth of
cities and industries.
The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s was the first time that African American made
headway in the artistic sphere. The philosophy of the movement was formed through a
combination of realism, ethnic consciousness, and Americanism.
The most detailed surviving account of the Mongols was left by Italian merchant, Marco
Polo in his writing. In his book, Polo describes his travels over the long and perilous land
route to China and his observations of China under Mongol rule.
The primary danger of the television is it precludes these behaviors: the family
discussions, indoor and outdoor games, family festivities, and arguments. Turning on the
television set can turn off the process that transforms children into people.
The United Kingdom’s most well-known art award is the Tuner Prize. Instituted in 1984,
and named after the noted painter J.M.E.Turner, it’s given out annually to a British visual
artist under the age of fifty.
When sunlight strikes certain oxygen particles in the atmosphere, the ozone is formed.
This layer in the upper atmosphere shields the Earth from most of the sun’s dangerous
ultraviolet rays.
While experienced clerks were considered the elite of the Postal Service, they also had to
work hard under enormous pressure. The work was not only demanding, but it was also
dangerous at times.
Whirinaki park is one of New Zealand’s most famous conservation battlegrounds. Many
volunteers have banded together in a promise to safeguard the sustainability of its
rainforest ecology.
According to some experts, social spiders behave quite unlike the insect colonies and
hives that we familiar with. Moreover, the degree of collaboration and unity among
individuals can vary greatly from one species to another.
Alligators can be found in more temperate regions than crocodiles and are able to live in
a wider range of temperatures. Their breeding season is usually restricted to spring time.
Cherokee writing took on its own distinctive form, with some symbols borrowed directly
from English and others altered. Sequoia had adopted the concept of writing from his
contact with the English, but he never intended to copy the entire writing system.
He collected many of the verses he had written in 1855 and published them in a thin
volume, which he revised and rewrote for the rest of his life. This book, “Leaves of
Grass,” was not favorably received by the public because his verse forms were
unconventional.
In Germany, Kandinsky developed his idea of the correspondence between a work of art
and the viewer, and called it “Klang,” the sound of resonance. He wrote that color had
the power to directly influence the soul, and was the cause of vibrations within our sprit.
In the early part of the 20th century, maggots were often used to treat wounds. They
would devour the dead tissue surrounding a wound, while stimulating the growth of live
flesh by crawling over it.
It’s tricky for scientists trying to estimate when exactly the snow will slide. The weight of
the snow, combined with gravity, is what starts an avalanche, and it is nearly impossible
to test the weight of a snowfall.
Not all animal parents provide nourishment for their offspring. For example, crocodile
mothers do not actually feed their young, instead preferring to let them learn to feed
themselves.
There were two major obstacles that restricted the observation of the comet’s approach.
First, it came from the direction of the sun, and second, the moon was nearly full, casting
too much light.
Studies have shown that children who are overweight after age 7 are prone to struggle
with weight issues for the rest of their lives. The lack of exercise in obese children
aggravates their weight problem and can often result in mental stresses as well.
The danger of the varroa mite is evident in the transmission of least six different bee
viruses and the deformation of hivemates. However, some bees can tolerate the attacks
of the mite.
A predator will soon come to correlate the garden tiger moth’s awful taste with its unique
colors and noxious warning smell. This, indeed, clearly demonstrates the theory that
predators instinctively consider creatures of bright colors as unsuitable for consumption.
The woolly mammoth’s think fur coat is a textbook example of evolution and natural
selection. Over the course of about 150,000 years, the mammoth had evolved this iconic
feature in order to withstand the freezing climate of its sub-arctic habitat.
This group of buildings houses the offices of the Environmental Protection Agency along
with those of several other non-profit organizations. The conference room is located in
the Ariel Rios wing, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places due to its
magnificent architecture.
Traditionally, in the court of law, it is mandatory that jurors reach a consensus on the
vote before a verdict can be given. However, a few states do accept a majority vote.
Before being birthed into the world live, coelacanth young are hatched inside the mother.
That these fish also had sophisticated sensory organs capable of detecting electro-
magnetic waves at such early periods definitively defies Darwin’s theory of evolution.
When two continental plates collide, the blocks are too light to be drawn into the lover
layers of the Earth. Instead, the plates buckle upwards to form a mountain chain along
the edge at which they meet.
Although similar in both look and sound, the contrabassoon and regular bassoon are
different in key ways. The contrabassoon is larger, and unlike the regular bassoon, this
instrument can also be disassembled into its constituent parts.
Early mill machinery was used to transport grain, clean it and then grind it into flour. As
technology improved, manufactures amended production methods so that their mills
were powered by stationary steam engines.
Emerson’s two volumes of poetry solidified his reputation as a major American poet in
the mid-nineteenth century. His most mature work, titled “The Conduct of Life,” revealed
a developed humanism coupled with a full awareness of man’s limitations.
Forces operating deep within the Earth began to pull apart the huge continent that
included Scotland. As the continental mass was stretched, the Earth’s crust began to
crack.
Gorillas build makeshift camps every night to sleep while foraging for food. The male
leader will often utter a hooting sound as an alarm signal when there is any sign of
danger or an unwonted event, immediately capturing his family’s attention.
Historically, gold has been the accepted standard of wealth. The inherent value of gold
continues to play a key role as part of the reserves held by central bank, countries, and
global organizations like the International Monetary Fund.
In early jazz, soloing was not uncommon, as musicians usually preferred to improvise
melodies collectively, however, some New Orleans players did gain local fame for their
soloing ability.
In order to survive in colder climates, people quickly learned how to insulate their
shelters. For example, indigenous Aleutian Islanders built double walls of planks around
their houses, stuffing moss or grass in between the walls in order to keep the heat in.
Managed pollinators are also vulnerable to the same attacks that have scanted natural
pollinator populations. Their main enemy is the parasitic Varroa Mite, which nearly wiped
out the natural honeybee population.
Music is the field in which prodigies appear with greatest frequency, and chess has also
had many prodigies. Mozart was a child prodigy in the field of classical music, and
American Bobby Fischer was the most exceptional chess prodigy of the twentieth century.
Oyster divers put on nose clips and heavy gloves to give them protection against the
sharp edges of the oyster shells. After they are finished diving, they give a signal to their
assistants and the load of oysters can be hauled back to the surface.
Researchers can determine the ages of animals due to the fact that the radioactive
carbon atoms from an animal are not replaced as they decay after death. This amount
dwindles over time, allowing researchers to determine the time period it existed.
Residents on Gough Street felt that the old sense of community was fading as traffic
increased in their area. People were becoming more preoccupied with their own lives and
not caring about neighbors anymore.
Scuba divers can stay underwater for a long time and dive to great depths where they
are subjected to rapidly increasing pressures. In fact, for every 10 meters of depth
underwater that a diver travels, even greater additional pressure is exerted on the diver.
Sociology is the only branch of the social or humanistic fields of study that does not have
a clear, distinctive subject matter. In contrast, political science is explicitly concerned
with the allocation and use of legitimate power in society.
Spoken language was derived from when early humans learned to combine noises, like
grunt and squeals, together to form a system of meaning. Language provided humans
with the ability to create and share ideas.
The first attempt to dig the Erie Canal was halted by a lack of funds. The estimated cost
of five million dollars was a huge sum, and the private companies that initially funded the
project could only contribute enough to build a small portion.
When fallen snow is subjected to very cold temperatures over an extended period, the
ice crystals within the snow slowly begin to shrink. Over time, this process makes the
snow more and more compact, eventually leading to the formation of a glacier.
As the new president of Harvard in 1869, Charles W. Eliot pioneered a radical new
curriculum. He implemented a system where students could pursue their electives more
freely.
Carson was able to direct public attention to the environmental damage caused by the
use of pesticides through published research. She effectively became the first public
figure to launch the environmentalist movement.
Ekman’s observation may be relevant to the British expression, “keep a stiff upper lip” as
a recommendation for dealing with stress. It might be that a stiff lip conceals emotional
responses and cannot be read.
At first, Jefferson was willing to offer Napoleon $2 million for a small piece of land on the
lower Mississippi. Later, however, he offered the French government $10 million for a
much larger area which included New Orleans and West Florida.
John Stringfellow and William Samuel Henson worked together in the early 1840s to
develop a model of an airliner. Working alone, Stringfellow improved on the design,
although he still failed to get it to climb.
Oceanic birds fly for days at a time without land to serve as a reference point, yet they
seem to be able to perfectly navigate and know where they are. The assumption is that
they use the stars and an innate magnetic sense to guide them toward their destinations.
Scientists now believe that x-ray microscopes will allow them to explore even farther into
the natural world. Already, researchers have used this developing technology to examine
tiny details which were considered barely detectable not long ago.
Scientists were amazed to learn that some fish are guided through the sea by tiny traces
of chemical odors from their ancestral rivers. Other theories of migration involve species
using landmarks during movement.
The advent if radio allowed popular music to spread beyond limited localities and
audiences. All Americans could now enjoy the gospel music of African Americans from
the southern states, or the traditional country music of the Appalachian mountains.
The British discovered the Pitcairn Islands in 1767. It was the first Pacific island to
become a British colony and today remains the last vestige of the British empire in the
South Pacific.
The cold harsh weather of the winter months causes large fluctuations in local animal
populations. Most animals either migrate south to warmer climates, or settle in for their
long hibernation.
The earliest known observatory lies in southern Egypt. Surprisingly, the analysis of bones
found at the site indicates that the structure was built by sub-Saharan people.
The first bulldozer was built and designed in 1923 by James Cummings, a young farmer,
and J. Earl McLeod, a draftsman. A replica of their original model is still on display at the
city park in Morrowville, Kentucky.
The social decline of morals was affirmed in the research conducted over a thirty year
period. It revealed the behavior most Americans once considered contemptible to be now
regarded as acceptable.
The views on treatment of affliction are quite controversial within the medical
community. Researchers performed autopsies on mental patients and discovered physical
evidence of abnormalities or damage within the brain.
Unlike other luxury items that were cheap to import, personal portraits were expensive.
To the upper classes, owning a personal portrait signified preserving one’s place in the
family history, since portraits were the only visual link to past and future generations.
When viewed superficially, the world appears to be governed only by chance and
accident. The role of the philosopher is to probe beneath the surface and develop an
understanding of how things are related to one another.
Aurora borealis is more commonly known as the Northern lights, and is one of nature’s
most dazzling spectacles. Upon its appearance there is a crackling sound from the sky
and giant, luminous arcs light up the night, shifting in perpetual motion.
Canada rapidly grew in the 20 years after the Second World War, with the natural birth
rate doubling by 1966. This imposing statistic was confirmed in September, 1966, when
Canada’s population passed the 20 million mark.
Carnegie did his best to keep workers’ wages down as low as possible. He even had
infamous anti-labor advocate Henry Frick supervise operations at his factory.
For the early native communities of the Arctic and Sub-Arctic, their subsistence was
largely based on hunting. Moose, caribou, whales, ducks, fish, and other wildlife were a
substantial part of the indigenous people’s diet.
For this project, a window maker from England was hired by the town of Philadelphia. In
addition to this, four English glassmakers agreed to accompany him.
Frank Lloyd Wright’s famous Guggenheim Museum in New York City is designed on the
basis of functionalism. This creative tenet has function designing form, rather than the
opposite.
Carbon nanotubes have tiny filaments of carbon that emit electrons if a sufficient electric
field is placed in front of them. However, these nanotubes don’t produce as much
electron current as thermionic cathodes unless very high voltages are used.
In November of 1773, the British governor of the Massachusetts colony refused to allow
the ships to depart without unloading. The colonists refused and threw the entire lading
of tea overboard into the ocean.
Many often have trouble distinguishing between American and Canadian pronunciation.
However, one native Canadian in a crowded room will easily be able to spot another
Canadian among a crowd of North Americans based on the subtle accent.
Maternal and paternal feeding protects a young animal in its infancy, allowing it to grow
to such a size that it can fend for itself. When feeding ends, the young animal becomes
wholly independent, and faces the most hazardous point of its life.
On Mercury, a radiant area the size of Australia suggests that there might be solid terrain
on the planet. If reflected a large amount of infrared radiation back into space and had
scientists hypothesize that it could be a mass of exposed water-ammonia ice.
Research conducted into workplace attitudes has revealed some valuable conclusions.
Most interestingly, researchers have discovered that money is not the sole source of
motivation to work.
The Humpback whale song, which is linked to breeding season and observed only in
males, was detected once during their research trip, albeit faintly. This was a wonderful
surprise since whale songs aren’t expected during this time of year.
The Mongols have also been blamed by some historians for spreading the Black Death,
which devastated cities as thoroughly as anything they did directly. However, Europe was
actually most severely hit by the epidemic more than a century after Chingis Khan
arrived.
The most striking evolutionary feature of crossbills is related to the bird’s source of
sustenance. Crossbills got their name because the upper and lower parts of their bills
cross over, allowing the birds to feed on the seeds inside the cones of evergreens.
When you first pull over at any national park, be sure to stop by the Visitor Center. Here,
you will be able to find information on attractions, facilities, and activities to keep you
busy, like scenic drives, nature trails, and historic tours.
Wings vary in size, shape, and in usage. For example, the wings on kiwis are almost
impossible to detect and are quite useless, but the long, slim ones of an albatross are
necessary for soaring on air currents and are very conspicuous.
Movements of the Earth’s surface can cause strata of limestone or marble to fracture,
fault or crack under the pressure. This process of upheaval makes certain sections of
strata much more brittle then others.
A variety of symptoms will appear during the several weeks or months a patient may
experience depression. Generally, patients will be fatigued, feel useless, hopeless, and in
some cases, may meditate on the idea of suicide.
Because millions of chaotic events occur more or less simultaneously, the statistical law
of chance teaches us that the effects of these cancel out each other. Thus, we can have a
trend of approximately regular and predictable behavior.
Between 25,000 and 10,000 years ago, great sheets of ice were scattered from the poles
by small changes in the Earth’s axis and orbit. As a result, glaciers covered most of North
America and Europe at this time.
There are two types of drop shots in the game of tennis, each needing a distinct stroke.
The first is used to drop slow balls falling down from the peak of a bounce, while the
second one is used from rising balls off the ground.
Certainly the period of history from 1850 to 1900 encompassed profound changes in
culture and the arts, science and industry and government. The world of 1900 was barely
recognizable from the perspective of the world of 1823.
Due to Death Valley’s ultra-dry atmosphere and warm climate, the water in the soil
evaporates quickly and salt crystals form along cracks in the rocks. As the crystals grow,
they exert pressure on the surrounding rock and after all pry it apart at its weakest
points.
Electronic music frequently makes use of sounds and rhythms that are not “musical” in
the conventional sense. The composition of music in this genre is often comprised of
sounds from everyday life, as well as electronically generated scratches and blips.
Farmers in the south bought laborers instead of machinery and their social status
depended on how many slaves they owned. The economic differences between the two
regions ultimately led to war and the social restructuring of the South.
The baby boom continued throughout the 1950s, and from 1951 to 1956, the population
increased by an amazing 15 percent. Only once in Canadian history, at the turn of the
20th century, had this impressive rate of growth ever been exceeded.
These types of schemes that often affect seniors are those that entail land purchase. This
fraud seems to attract the elderly who are seeking to retire in a warm climate.
This philosophy believed that basic truths could only be reached through instinct and
intuition based on private experiences and conviction. To arrive at a personal truth, one
must transcend the visual world and what they have learned from books.
Tundra regions are relatively even in elevation and devoid of most vegetation. Despite
this barren appearance, however, there are actually a number of varied species that
make the tundra biome their homes.
Yearly almanacs list all local astronomical phenomena and weather patterns. They
became steady sellers because they held important information pertaining to the region
in which they would be sold.