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Tom Baker
The Boy Who
Kicked Pigs

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 The Boy Who Kicked Pigs

Bom a Cathohc in Irish Liverpool in 1934, Tom Baiker tried

being a monk, a sailor and a builder’s labourer before set¬
tling for a career on the stage. From a stmggling start he
went on to appear at the National Theatre, to work with
Pasolini, to Hollywood, and finally to star as the ultimate
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 The Boy
Who Kicked Pigs
TOM BAKER

illustrated by David Roberts

ff
faber andfaber
 for my wife Sue Jerrard

Ulustrations by David Roberts,

who dedicates this work to Lynn

First published in 1999

by Faber and Faber Limited
5 Queen Square wciN 3AU

Typeset by Faber and Faber Ltd

Printed in England by Mackays of Chatham pic

All rights reseved

© Tom Baker, 1999

Illustrations © David Roherts, 1999

Tom Baker is hereby identified as author

of this work in accordance with Section 77
of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988

A CIP record for this book

is available from the British Libreuy

ISBN 0-571-19771-x (hbk)

ISBN 0-571-30451-1 (limited edition)

3468 10 9753
 The Boy
Who Kicked Pigs
Robert having an evil thought.
 I

Saturday, June the 13th. And Robert Caligeui is going to

die today. It’s a marvellous day. The place is Ssmdway in

Rent, neeu Lenhcun, the highest village in the county. It

is 7.30 in the morning. It is the sort of day that makes

you glad to be ahve and it is a Saturday too. To be young

on a warm sunny Saturday in Jime is simply wonderful.

And today is the day Robert Cahgari is going to die.

He is thirteen years old and has lived aU his life in

Lenham village. Four thousand, seven hundred and forty-

five days he has spent in the same htde village, and today,

on June 13th, he is going to die. He doesn’t know; not yet,

anyway.

This reedly is a very sad and terrible story. It is a tale of

undiluted horror. This is the story of a boy who is con¬

sidered to be a monster. The people who are supposed

to know about these things, adults, said afterwards that

{5}
‘He's beyond the pale.
he was beyond the pale. That’s the sort of thing that

grown ups often say when they don’t really know what

they are talking about. ‘He’s beyond the pale,’ they say.

But you can make up your own mind when you have

found out something about Robert CaUgari for yourself.

When 1 began to write this story 1 asked a few grown

up people to look at a dreift. Do you know what they said

about it? Go on, have a guess. You’re right! You’ve got it

in one! They said: Whoever writes stuff like this is

beyond the pale, he’s sick. That’s what they send. Any¬

way, 1 don’t much care what they said. The story hap¬

pened and 1 have to write it down, so there. And if you

decide to read the story, then good luck to you, 1 say. You

can decide for yourself. And if you like it then you can

teU me about it, even though some adults might con¬

sider you odd in the head. And if you don’t hke it then

some grown-ups will be pleased because they’ll think

you’re on their side.

While we eu’e on this point of who agrees with whom

I’ll give you a tip. This tip is well meant so don’t get all

upset. It’s just between you and me. It’s a tip that spells

power, like the tip of a wand, if you know what 1 mean.

{5}
‘Turned out nice, officer.’
 It’s simply this: whenever you have anything, re¬

peat, anything to do with authority in any form, al¬

ways be polite. No, no, hold on, hold on. I don’t mean

crawhng, especially I don’t mean crawling. I mean

just be polite and smile a little. Why? Because it does

their heads in, that’s why. If you can bring yourself to

do this you will discover that you have the power to

get pretty well whatever you want out of people.

Look, if someone told you that it’s a good idea not to

go through a red traffic light you’d think they were

thick, it’s so obvious. But obvious as it is, the advice

would be true, right? The same with calm, good-

natured politeness. I say good-natured because there

is, of course, a sly, smiling, sarcastic sort of politeness

that isn’t politeness at all. You’ll often see it in films or

on television. And on the telly it always gets a laugh

and seems very clever. But in real life it hardly ever

works and always makes people hate you. In fact it

often leads to a punch-up and sometimes even to

somebody getting killed. Politeness is a form of lan¬

guage and an attitude that yields real high profit for a

young person. It gives you almost magical powers. In

{7}
Robert guzzling the small ads.
its own way it’s as powerful as money. It can buy peo¬

ple’s co-operation. And it’s nice having power over

people. Anyone who says it isn’t nice is just talking

balls. Try it for a few minutes and you will agree as

you feel the pleasure of power.

Now let’s get on with this terrible tale.

Robert Caligari was a great reader of the local paper.

It was called the Kent Clarion. He didn’t read the main

stories, of course. Usually, they are so amazingly bor¬

ing you might fall into a coma if you read more than,

say, two of them within thirty minutes. Local papers

are duU and even dangerous too. In fact, if you ever

find a friend of yours in a deep state of unconscious¬

ness, the first thing to do is check to see if your friend

has been reading the local paper. If he or she has, then

throw the paper out of the window and let as much

fresh air into the room as possible and make a cup of

sweet hot tea for yom* friend. With a hit of luck you

might save a life.

No, Robert Cahgari knew better than to read the

main stories. He preferred the classified ads. He looked

at them very carefully because they gave him a good

{9}
!

Robert as a little devil with two-thirds of his mother.

picture of the inside of people’s minds. The classified

ads, even when they’re naff, are always more interest¬

ing than the so-called main stories. Classified ads tell

you, sometimes in a coded way, what people are really

thinking about. The small ads meant a lot to Robert

and fed his vivid imagination. No, vivid is not quite the

word to describe his imagination. Greedy would be

more exact; or perhaps very greedy. No. Got it! It’s not

vivid or greedy, the word is insatiable. That’s it, insa¬

tiable. That means ‘cannot be satisfied’. And that’s the

way it was inside Robert’s head. His imagination could

not be satisfied. When he became interested in some¬

thing then he could not get enough of it. There are

quite a lot of people hke that around the place. Some

are fascinated by music and know everything there is

to know about pop groups. Others are hke that about

football teams, or soap operas. They just can’t get

enough of what revs them up. It’s called Trivial Pur¬

suits by sarcastic adults.

When Robert was a small boy his mother noticed

that in some respects he was a bit odd. I’ll give you an

example. His sister Nerys is about two years older thtm

Thrifty Nerys feeds her pet pig Trevor.
Robert and has a little lump on her bottom lip, the

result of falling against the kitehen wall while playing

her recorder. This Nerys was a thrifty girl, always pop-

ping pennies in her piggy bank when she was young.

She’s still thrifty, only now she pops pounds. When

Robert was just a nipper she was always rattling her

Uttle tin pig, especially if there were visitors to the

house, know what 1 mean? She called this tin pig

Trevor. And she would shake him quite loudly when

some visitor was there and she would say things like,

‘Oh, 1 think Trevor’s a bit hungry today, his tummy

sounds empty.’ Oh, little Nerys had the makings of a

miser. Anyway, she was always ratthng her pig and try¬

ing to guess how much money there might be in its

belly. Robert didn’t like this little pig. In fact he hated

Nerys’s Uttle pig, and he longed to take it to market.

Know what 1 mean? And whenever Nerys wasn’t look¬

ing Robert would kick this little tin pig. He would set

Trevor up in the middle of the sitting room with a little

cushion under his bottom, to protect his foot (Robert’s

foot, that is). And then he would back away, and just

like a Kiwi kicker he would rush at the pig and boot it

Trevor the pig on the telly.
across the room. The first couple of hundred times he

did it were quite funny for the people who saw it, ex¬

cept for Nerys of course. She used to make an awful

scene about her little pig getting Robert’s boot up its |

arse. And so she would hide her little pig for his own

safety. But she couldn’t stop Robert from finding and

kicking her tiny, tinny Trevor. There was some trouble

in the house once when Robert kicked the pig so hard

that it flew (oh yes, pigs can fly, if you kick them hard

enough). Across the room flew little tin Trevor and

bang! He went straight through the television screen

and half way up the tube at the back. Postman Pat was

on at the time and was Nerys mad? Yes, she was. After

that Uttle incident kicking pigs in the direction of the

television set was forbidden.

For a few days all went well. The telly was replaced

and life became bearable again at number 7a Vampire

Close. Funny name for a street. It was named after a

nice little man called Boris who had come to five in the

district just after the Second World War. He was a dotty

little chap with a odd way of talking and a funny way of

walking and his left ear lobe dangled down nearly as

{15}
 J

Boris of Transylvanian Bats.

low as his shirt collar. He used to tell Robert and his

pals that his schoolmaster back home had a habit of

pulling boys’ ear lobes. To the children in the village

Boris seemed quite old. Except of course when he was

standing next to the church, which dated back to the

thirteenth century, and then he looked quite young.

But then most people look young in an old churchyard.

But Boris was nice, and that’s the important thing,

don’t you think? He became mad keen on cricket, did

Boris, and went to all the Kent home games and

attended the local amateur games too. And if old Mr

KiUick the reguleu- scorer ever failed to tmn up, and he

did fail sometimes as he was a bottle-nosed old stum-

bler, then Boris would stand in and take the score

book. Boris beceune so obsessed with cricket he even

started up a small business in his garden shed where

he made cricket bats to his own design which he

exported to Transylvemia, where he came from. It

became quite a thriving little enterprise. He called it

‘Transylvanian Bats Ltd’.

When old Boris died he left sdl his money to the local

village. There was a small housing development just

 h •'/!

if I
IIA
I D i; fj
ilill r ‘

Trevor teed-up on an egg-cup.

being completed at the time of his death and as a token

of respect and gratitude the local council called this new

bit of the village Vampire Close. As it was quite near the

church, the churchwarden made a bit of a fuss and pim-

gent remarks about garUc and so on; but all to no avail,

and Vampire Close kept its name.

One day, it was in the summer, Robert was alone in

the front room watching Postman Pat again and sud¬

denly he was struck with the desire to kick a pig. His

toes tingled and itched and his calf muscles fluttered.

Robert was possessed. He opened the door and peeped

arormd in case the dreaded Nerys was about the place.

No sign of her and no sound of muttering from his

mother in the kitchen. Robert nipped along to Nerys’s

bedroom and fetched her pig Trevor, which she kept

hidden in an antique chamber pot on top of her

wardrobe. Nothing escaped Robert. He stood the pig on

a wooden egg-cup, its snout towcuds the open window.

It was a lovely warm day and conditions for kicking a

pig were just perfect. Robert tucked a cushion under

Trevors rump, retreated four paces emd psyched himself

up. There was a breathless hush in Vampire Close as

Bye-bye JYevor. Hello chaos.
Robert withdrew into himself in preparation for the kick

of a lifetime. And then he burst into life and delivered a

marvellous kick to Trevor’s arse. Again the pig flew.

Out through the open window he went like an Exocet

missile.

A police car with its window woxmd down was cruis¬

ing past the house at the very moment that Robert did

his pig trick. The little tin creatiire carrying about two

pounds and sixty pence in small coins in its stomach

sailed through the cop car window. The driver, a PC by

the name of George Weller, had just received an order

from headquarters to rush to the scene of a suspected

robbery; a violin was thought to have been nicked. He

gunned the engine, and just as he screamed off in first

gear Trevor the flying pig came in through the open

window ^md butted PC Weller in the temple. The pig

kiss blacked out the pohceman’s brain, and he swerved

heu’d right and crashed into a parked fish vem, a wet-fish

van with the words ‘Best Plaice Mobile Fish’ painted on

the side.

Chaos! Flukes flew aU over the the floor. A nosy woman

aged about forty-six Avith a patch over her left eye jumped
A copper off his trolley after being kissed by a pig.
Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
 stimulus We went to dine last Thursday with Mr. a
neighboring clergyman, a haunch of venison beingthe ebinmius to
the invitation. Sydiiey Srmlh, in Lady Holland, vi. The infinitely
complex organizations of commerce have «rown up under the
stimulus of certain desires existing In each of us. H. Spencer, Social
Statics, p. 28. 5. In physiol., something whioli evokes some
iunctional or trophic reaction in the tissues on ■which it acts. Light
does not act as a stiTtiuius to the nervous substance, either fibres or
cells, unless it have an intensity -which is nearly deadly to that
substance. ff. T. Ladd, Physiol. Psychology, p. 179. Absolute stimulus
difference, in ptyohophyeics, the actual difference in strength
between two atimulL— Relative stimulus difference, in psychmhysies,
the ratio of the difference between two stimuli to their mean. —
Stimulus receptivity, in psyeliophysics, the power of appre«iating
stimuli, measured by the least Intensity of stimulus giving the
greatest conscious effect.— Stimulus scope, In psyohophysiea, the
diSerence between the measure of stimulus receptivity and the
stimulus threshold.— Stimulus susceptibility, inpsychophysics, the
power of per-oeiving a stimulus, so that the greater the stimulus
susceptibility the lower the stimulus threshold. — Stimulus threshold,
in ptyoTwphysics, the minimum amount of stimulus rectuired to
produce a conscious effect. Stimy (sti'mi), n. In golf, the position of
a ball when it is directly between the hole for which an adversary is
playing and his ball. stimy (sti'mi), V. t. In golf, to hinder by a stimy.
Stincnt, v. t. [A var. of stanch'^.'\ To stanch. First, the blood must
lieeMnehed, and howe was that done? Breton, Miseries of Mauillla,
p. 39. (,DavUs.) stine (stia), ». A dialectal form of stijan. Stingi
(sting), V. ; pret. and pp. stung (pret. formerly stang), ppr. stinging.
[< MB. sUngen (pret. stang, stong, stonge, pp. siungen, stongen, y-
stongen, y-stonge), < AS. stingan (pret. stang, pp. stungen) = loel.
stinga = 8w. sUnga = Dan. stinge; cf. Goth, us-stiggan, push, push
out, = Ii. *stinguere, quench: see sScfci, «.] I. trans. To pierce;
prick; puncture. Thei ben y-sewed with whist silk, . , . Y-stongen
with stiches. Piers Plownum's Crede (E. E. T. S.), 1. 653. To impale.
He stingeth him upon his speres orde. Chaucer, Good Women, 1.
645. To prick severely; give acute pain to by It. at. 3. 5949 cuts
under ehelioem and fata, (e) The curved or claw-like telson of the
tail of a scorpion, inflicting a serious poisoned wound. See cuts
under scorpion and Scorpionida. (/)One of the feet or claws of
centipeds, which, in the case of som e of the larger kinds, of tropical
countries, inflict painful and dangerous wounds, (g) The poison-fang
or venom-tooth of a nocuous serpent ; also, in popular
misapprehension, the harmless soft forked tongue of any serpent.
See cuts under Crotalus and snake. (K) A fin-spine of some fishes,
capable of wounding. In a few cases such spines are connected with
a venom-gland whence poison is injected ; in others, as the tail-
spines of sting-rays, the large bony sting, several inches long and
sometimes jagged, is smeared with a substance which may cause a
wound to fester. See cuts under stane-ca^ sting-ray. (i) An urticating
organ, or such organs collectively, of the jellyfishes, sea-nettles, or
other ccelenterates. See cut under nematocyst. 2. In iot, a sort of
sharp-pointed hoUow hair, seated upon or connected with a gland
which secretes an acrid or poisonous fluid, which, when introduced
under the skin, produces a stinging pain. For plants armed with such
stings, see cowhage, nettle^ (with cut), nettle-tree, 2, and tread-
softly.— 3. The fine taper of a dog's tail. Sportsman's Gazetteer. — 4.
The operation or effect of a sting; the act of stinging; the usually
poisoned punctured wound made by a sting; also, the pain or smart
of such a wound. Their softest touch as smart as lizards' sUngsl
Shak., 2 Hen. VI., ill. 2. 325. 5. Anything, or that in anything, which
gives acute pain, or constitutes the principal pain; also, anything
which goads to action: as, the sting of hunger ; the stmgs of
remorse ; the stings of reproach. The sHng of death is sin. 1 Cor. xv.
56. Slander, Whose sfing is sharper than the sword's. Shak., W. T., ii.
3. 86. A bitter jest leaves a sting behind it. Burton, Anat. of MeL, To
the Reader, p. 77. 6. Mental pain inflicted, as by a biting or cutting
remark or sarcasm ; hence, the point of an epigram. There is
nothing harder to forgive than the sting of an epigram. 0. W.
Holmes, The Atlantic, LXVI. 867. 7. A stimulus, irritation, or
incitement; a nettling or goading; an impulse. The wanton stings
and motions of the sense. Shak., M. for M., i. 4. 59. Ezserted sting.
Seeexserted. stingy The stinging lash of wit. 0. W. Bolmes, Opening
of Fifth Ave. Theatre, N. Y., 1873. Stinging ant, an ant of the family
Myrmieidse. — StingIngDUg, the blood-sucking cone-nose,
Conorhinus sanguisugus, a common bug of the family Beduviidm,
which sucks the blood of man and domestic animals, and inflicts a
painful wound. See cut under Conorhinus. — ■ Stinging caterpillar,
the larva of any one of certain bombycia moths in the United States,
as Satumia maia, Hyp&rchiria io, Empretia stimulea, Phohetron pit?
iecium, piercing with a sharp point; especially, to gting^ (sting), ».
[Alsosiejregr; avar. of stawgri.] pierce and wound with any sharp-
pointed wea- If. Apole.— 3t. A pike; a spear.— 3. Aninpon supplied
with acrid or poisonous fluid, as a strument for thatching. — 4. The
mast of a fang or sting, with which certain animals and vessel. [Prov.
Eng. or Scotch in all uses.] plants are furnished; bite; urticate: as, to
be sting-and-ling (sting'and-ling'), adv. [Lit. stung by a bee, a
scorpion, or a nettle, or by a pole and line; < sting^"+ and -I- ling.
So. var. serpent or a sea-nettle. »..„-.—..- - . . I often have been
stung too with curst bees. B. Jonson, Sad Shepherd, ii. 2. 4. To pain
acutely, as if with a sting; goad: as, a conscience stung with
remorse. Unhappy Psyche, stung by these reproaches. Profoundly
feels the wound dive in her heart. J. Beaumont, Psyche, v. 14. 5. To
stimulate; goad. She was trying to task herself up to her duty. At last
stinser (stine'6r), n. r< sUnijl + -erl.1 One of line^.'} Entirely;
completely; with everything; hence, by force. [Scotch.] Unless he
had been brought there stiTig and ling. Scott, Antiquary, xliv.
stingaree (sting'ga-re), n. [A corrupt form of sting-ray.'] See sUng-
ray. sting-blill (sting'bui), n. The greater weever, or sting-fish,
TracMmts draco. See TracMnus and weever. Also called otter-fish.
she stung herself into itsperformance by a suspicion. Mrs. Oaskell,
North and South, xxxviii. II. intrans. 1. To have a sting; be capable
of wounding with a sting; use the sting: literally or figuratively: as,
hornets sting; epigrams often sUng; a stinging blow. At the last ?t
biteth like a serpent, and stingeth like an adder. Prov. xxiii. 32. 2. To
give pain or smart; be sharply painful; smart : as, the wound stung
for an hour. Under the dust, beneath the grass. Deep in dim death,
where no thought stings. A, C. Smnbume, F^lise. who or that which
stings, vexes, or gives acute pain. That malice Wears no dead flesh
about it, 'tis a stinger. Middleton, More Dissemblers Besides Women,
ill. 2. (a) An animal or a plant that stings. The Mutilla being a well-
armed insect, and a severe stinger. E. B. Cope, Origin of the Fittest,
p. 212. (6^ The sting of an insect, (o) A biting or cutting remark.
[Cfolloq.] (5) A smart, teUing blow. [Colloq.] Sooke, . . . rushing at
him incautiously, received a stinger that staggered him and nearly
closed his right eye. C. Meade, Hard Cash, xliii. Stingi (sting), re.
[=lcel.stj«gi«, apin,astitchin sting-fish (sting'fish), ra.
l^S&meassUng-liuU. theside, = Sw. «to£r, asting(insense4), = Dan.
" ^ - ■• ™ ^- ^ ,..■, sting, stitch ; from the verb. ] 1 . A sharp-
pointed organ of certain insects and other animals, capable of
inflicting by puncture a painful wound. I bring no tales nor flatteries
; in my tongue, sir, I carry no fork'd stings. Fletcher, Loyal Subject, ii.
1. In zodl., specifically — (a) The modified ovipositor of the females
of certain insects, as bees, wasps, hornets, and See cut under
TracMnus. — 2. The sea-scorpion Cottus scorpius, a fish of the
family Cottidx. stingily (stin'ji-li), adv. In a stingy manner ; with
mean niggardliness ; in a niggardly manner. stinginess (stin'ji-nes),
n. The state or quality of being stingy; extreme avarice;
niggardliness; miserliness. many other Bymmoptera ;a,n aculeus ; a
iierebra. This stinging (sting'ing), p. a. 1 . That uses a sting ;
furnished with a stmg or stinging organs of any sort; urticating: as, a
stinging insect or seanettle. — 2. In iot, noting a plant furnished with
stinging hairs. See sting\ 2. — 3. That pierces or wounds as with a
sting; that causes acute pain, irritation, or the like; keen; sharp;
pungent ; telling : as, a stinging tongue ; a stinging rebuke or
remark. He wrapped her warm in his seaman's coat. Against the
stinffing blast. Longfellow, Wreck of the Hesperus. weapon is
generally so constructed as to infiict a poisoned as well as punctured
wound, which may become inflamed and very painful or even
dangerous ; an irritating fluid is injected through the tubular sting
when the thrusi; is given. See cut under Hymenoptera. (6) The
mouth-parts of various insects which are formed for piercing and
sucking, as in the mosquito and other gnats or midges, gadflies,
fleas, bedbugs, etc. In these cases the wound is often poisoned. See
cuts under gn^t and mosquito, (c) A stinging hair or spine of the
larvse of various moths, or such organs collectively. See cuts under
hag-moth, saddleback, and stinging. (S) The f alces of spiders, with
which these creatures bite — in some cases, as of the katipo or
malmignatte, inflicting a very serious or even fatal wound. See
stinging Caterpillar, or Sluer-caterpillar, and Moth of Lagoa
t)peratiar£^. Doth natural size. Limacodes scapha, and Lagoa
opercularis, which are provided with stinging spines. — Stinging hair.
See Aa£rl and stinging spfn«.— Stinging nettle. See neJttel, 1.—
Stinging spine, in ewtom., one of the modifled bristles of any
stmging caterpillar, which are shaii) and have an urticating effect.
See cuts under hag-moth and sadMebadc. — Stingtog tree. Same as
nettle-tree, 2. stinging-bush (sting'ing-bush), n. Same as tread-
softly. stinging-cell (stin^'ing-sel), n. The threadcell or lasso-cell with
which any coelenterate, as a sea-nettle, urticates. See nematophore,
and cuts under enida and nematocyst. stingingly (sting'ing-li), adv.
With stinging efEeet. stingless (stiag'les), a. [< sUng^ + -less.]
Having no sting, as an insect. Shak., J. C, v. 1. 35. —Stingless nettle,
the richweed or clearweed, PUea pumUa. See clearweed. sting-moth
(sting'm6th), n. The Australian Doratifera vulnera/ns, whose larva is
capable of inflicting a stinging wound. stingo (sting 'g6)j n. [With a
simulated It. or Sp. or L. termination, < slmg^: in allusion to its
sharp taste.] Strong malt liquor. [Colloq.] Come, let 's in and drink a
cup of stingo. Randolph, Hey for Honesty, ii. 6. sting-ray (sting'ra),
«. [Also, corruptly, stingaree, stingoree; Xsimg'^ + ray^.] A batoid
fish of the family Trygonidse, as Trygon (or Dasyhatis) pasUnaoa,
having a long, smooth, flexible, lash-like tail armed near the base
with a bony spine several inches long, sharp at the point, and
serrated along the sides, it is capable of inflicting a severe and very
painful wound, which appears to be poisoned by the slime with
which the sting is covered. There are many species of sting-rays, in
some of which there are two or three spines bundled together. The
British species above named is locally known as firejUure or fiery-
fmre. The commonest sting-ray of the North Atlantic coast of the
United States ia T. cenJtrura, locally known as dameracker, and
corruptly called stmgaree. T. saHna is a similar southern species.
The name extends to any ray with a tail-spine. See MyliobaUdse (a).
Stingtail (sting'tal), n. A sting-ray. sting-winkle (sting'wing"kl), n. The
hedgehog-murex, Murex erinaceus or europseus: so called by
fishermen because it bores holes in other shell-fish, as if stinging
them. Stingyi (sting'i), a. [< sUng^ -f -^i.] Stinging; piercing, as the
wind; sharp, as a criticism. [Colloq. or prov. Eng.] Stingy2 (stin'ji), a.
[A dialectal (assibilated) form and deflected use of stingyX] 1. Ill-
tempered. Halliwell. [Prov. Eng.]— 2. Meanly avaricious; extremely
close-fisted and covetous; niggardly: as, a, stingy tellow. Southern
Sting-ray {Trvjevn saHna). (From Report of U. S. Fish Commission.)
 stingy The griping and ttingy humour of the covetous.
SWirigfleet, Sermons, II. Til. 3. Scanty; not full or plentiful. "When
your teams Drag home the stingy harvest. LongfeUow, Wayside Inn,
Birds 5950 for throwing upon an enemy's decks at dose quarters,
and still in use among Eastern pirates. stink-bird (stingk'bferd), n.
The hoaotzin, Any one of several St. Opisthocomus eristatus. of
KiUingworth. gtink-bng (stingk'bug),? formerly «to»ifc),ppr.sut an
end to; stay; stop. [Obsolete or archaic.] Sey, "al forgeven," and
stynt '=^»l^^f «S"ll.''no^ Make war breed peace, ^'^^^'^.f^^J^y
4 gg Stint thy babbUng tongue ! ri^ty,,.., „„„i„ ,• , £. J
 stint oxeyea.ni least mipe. The little Btlnt ia Aetodronuu
minuto ; the least stint is A. minutaia, which abounds In North
America, and ia also known aa WUeon'e ewnSpiper. Ternminck a
stint is A. temmirukt ; the red-necked, A. ruficoUie There are aeveral
others of the same genus. The broadbilled sandpiper, Limicola
ptatyrhymsha, is a kind o{ stint, and the spoon-billed,
Eurynmhymhus pygmaw, is another. Extension ol the name to the
sanderling and to phalaropes is unusual. Stintancet (stin'tans), n. [<
stint + -ance.'] Stint; limit; restriction; restraint. London Prodigal, p.
7. {HalWwell.) [Rare.] stinted (atin'ted), p. a. 1. Limited; scanty;
scrimped. Oh ! trifle not with wants you cannot feel, Nor mock the
misery of a stinted meal. Crabbe, Worki^ L 9. 2. In foal. SeesW»«,
«).*., 6. HalUwell. [Prov. Eng.] Slirried, 'In foal.' The word was
printed, in this sense, in a catalogue of lire-stock for sale at Nashville
a year or two ago [1886]. Ealliwell and Wright give it as an
adjective, meaning in foal, used in the West of England. Tram. Anusr.
PkUol. Aet., XVII. 44. stintedness (stin'ted-nes), n. The character or
condition of being stinted. Stinter (stia't6r)j », [»tella, dim. of L.
stipes, a i)ost: see sUpe^.] In bot., a secondary stipule situated at
the base of the leaflets of a compound leaf. XTnlike stipules, there is
only a single one to each leaflet, with the exception of the terminal
leaflet, which has a pair. Stipellate (sti'pel-at), a. [< NL. *stipellatus,
< *stiveUa, a stipel: see sUpel.] In hot., bearing or having stipels.
stipend (sti'pend), n. [= Sp. Pg. esUpendio = It. sUpenMo, < L.
stipendkim,ai\,as., impost, tribute ; in military use, pay, salary; contr.
for *sttpipendmm, < sUps, a gift, donation, alms (given in small
coin), -I- pendere, weigh out: see pendent.] A fixed periodical
allowance or payment; settled or fixed pay; salary; pay; specifically,
in Scotland, the salary paid to a clergyman; the income of an
ecclesiastical living. AmericusVesputius, . . . vnder the sMpeiwie of
the Portugales, hadde tayled towarde the south pole n%ny degrees
beyond the Equinoctiall. Peter Martyr (tr. in Eden's First Books on
America, [ed. Arber, p. 184). 'Twas a wonder with how small a
stipend from his father Tom Tusher contrived to make a good figure.
Thackeray, Henry Esmond, x. =Syn. Pay, etc. See salary^. stipend
(sti'pend), V. t. [< F. stipendier = Sp. Pg. estipendiar = It.
sUpendiare, pay, hire, < L. stipendiari, receive pay, serve for pay, <
sMpenrdium, pay: see stipend, n.] To pay by settled stipend or
wages; put upon or provide with a stipend. Shelton, tr. of Don
Quixote, xlvii. {Latham.) [Bare.] stipendiarian (sti-pen-di-a'ri-an), a.
[< stipendiary + -an.] Acting from mercenary considerations; hired;
stipendiary. Imp. Diet. stipendiary (sti-pen'di-a-ri), a. and n. [< F.
stipendiaire = Sp. Pg. esiipendiario = It. sUpendiario, < L.
stipendiariMS, pertaining to tribute, contribution, or payj<
stipendium, tribute, pay: Boe stipend.] I. a. Receiving wages or
salary; performing services for a stated price or compensation; paid.
— stipendiary curate. Seecuratei. — stipendiary estate, in law, a fend
or estate granted in return for services, generally of a military kind.
— Stipendiary magistrate, in Great Britain, a police justice sitting in
large cities and towns, under appointment by the Home Secretary on
behalf of the crown. II. n.; pi. stipendiaries (-riz). 1. One who
performs services for a settled payment, salary, or stipend. — 2. A
stipendiary magistrate. See under I. — 3. In law, a feudatory owing
services to his lord. Stipendiatet (stl-pen'di-at), v. t. [< L.
stipendiatus, pp. (if stipendiari, receive pay, serve for pay, <
stipendium,tTib\ite, salary: see sUpend,v.] To endow with a stipend
or salary. Besides y« exercise of the horse, armes, danncing, &e., all
the sciences are taught in the vulgar French by professors
stipsndiated by the greate Cardinal. Evdyn, Diary, Sept. 14, 1644.
Stiper Stone group. [< super stones (see def .).] In geol., a
subgroup, the equivalent of the Arenig series in Carnarvonshire : so
called from the name Stiper Stones given to a prominent ridge of
quartzose rocks rising above the moorland m Shropshire, and
extending for about ten miles in length. The Arenig or Stiper Stone
group, according to Murohison's original classifloation (1833-4),
formed the base of the Silurian system. It is now considered to be
the base of Lapworth's Ordovician, of the Cambro-Silurian of Jukes,
and of the Middle Cambrian of other English geologists. Stipes
(sti'pez), n. [NL. , < L. stipes, sUps (stipit-), a stock, trunk: see
stipe^.] 1. In hot., same as stipular stipe^. — 2. In eool., a stalk or
stem, as an eyestalk or a footstalk: a stipe. Specifically— (a) In
entom., the footstalk of the maxilla of an insect^ the outer or main
division of that organ; the second joint of the maxilla, borne upon
the cardo, and through the palpif er and subgalea bearing the
palpus, galea, and lacinia, when these organs exist. Also cmed shc^.
See cuts under galea and Insecta. (b) In Myriapoda: (1) The
proximal or median one of two pieces of which the protomala, or so-
called mandible, consists, the other being the cardo. See protmtuila,
and figure under epilalbmm. (2) One of two sets, an inner and an
outer, of broad plates into which the deutomala, or second pair of
mouth-appendages, of a myriapod is divided. See dewlmnala. A. S.
Paekard, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, June, 1883, pp. 198, 200. stil)iform
(stt'pi-f6rm), a. [< L. stipes, sims (sUpit-), a stock, tnmk, -I- forma,
form.] In iot. and eool., having the form or appearance of a stipe or
stipes. See sUpe^, stipes. stipitate (stip'i-tat), a. ■ [< NL.
*stipitatus, < L. stipes (stipit-), a stock, trunk : see stipe^.] In hot.
and goiil., having or supported by a stipe or stipes ; elevated on a
stipe. Stipitiform (stip'i-ti-f6rm), a. [< L. sUpes (stipit-), a. stock,
trunk (see stipe^), + forma, form.] In hot. and goal., having the
form or character of a stipe or stipes; stipiform; stalkhke. Stipiture
(stip'i-tiir), n. A bird of the genus Stipitwrus; an emu-wren. Stipiturus
(stip-i-tu'rus), n. [NL. (Lesson, 1831), < L. stipes {stipit-), a stock,
trunk, + Gr. ovp&, tail.] An Australian genus of warbler-like birds,
assigned to the Mahirinss or placed elsewhere, having the tail
curiously formed of ten feathers with stiffened shafts and loose
decomposed barbs (whence the name); the emu-wrens. S.
Tnal&rcunts is a small brownish bird streaked with black, and with a
blue throaty described by I^tham in 1801 as the softtailed
Jlycatcher. The immediate affinities of the genus are with such forms
as Sphenoeacus and Sphenura (see these words), and the true
position of all these forms seems to be among or near the reed- or
grass-warblers, especially such as have but ten tail-feathers. See
warbler. stipple- (stip'l), V. t. ; pret. and pp. stippled, ppr. stippling.
[< D. stippelen, speckle, dot over (cf . stippel, a speckle, dim. of
stip, a point), freq. of stippen (> G. stippen), prick, dot, speckle, <
stip, MD. stip, stup, a point, dot.] To produce gradation in color or
shade in (any material) by means of dots or small spots. See
stippling. The interlaying of small pieces can not altogether avoid a
broken, stippled, spotty etfect. MUman, Latin Christianity, xiv. 10.
stipple (stip'l), ». [< stipple, v.] 1. In ihefine arts, same as sWppUng.
— 2. In decorative art, an intermediate tone or color, or combination
of tones, used to make gradual the passage from one color to
another in a design stlpple-engravlng process, the process of making
an engraved plate by stippling. The first step is to lay an
etchingground on a copperplate ; the next, after the subject has
been transferred a3 in etching, is to dot in the outline ; after which
the darker parts are marked with dots, which are laid in larger and
more closely in the deeper shades. The plate is then bitten in, the
ground is removed, and the lighter parts are laid in with dry-point or
the stipplegraver. stippled (stip'ld), p. a. Spotted; shaded or modeled
by means of minute dots applied with the point of the brush or in a
similar way. stipple-graver (stip'l-gra"ver), n. An engravers'tool of
which the point is bent downward so as to facilitate the making of
small dots or indentations in the surface of a copperplate. stippler
(stip'lSr), n. [< stipple + -er^.] 1. One who stipples. — 2. A brush or
tool used for stippling: as, a stippler made of hog's hair. Stipiuing
(stip'ling), n. [Verbal n. of stipple, v.] In the fine arts, dotted work of
any kmd, whether executed vsdth the brush-point, the pencil, or the
stipple-graver. Stiptict, a. and n. See styptic. stipilla (stip'u-la), n.; pi.
sUpulx (-le). [NL., < L. stipula, a stalk: see slapule.] In omith.^
same as stipule. stipulaceous (stip-u-la'shius), a. [< sUpula + -
aceous.] In hot, same as stipular. stipular (stip'u-lar), a. [< NL.
sUpula + -ar^.^ In hot., of, belonging to, or standing in the l^mu-
wren {Siipitunts malacttrus).
 stipular place of stipules f growing on stipules, or close to
them : as, stipular glanis Stipular buds, buds which are enveloped by
the stipulea, as in the tulip-tree. stipulary (stip'u-la-ri), a. [< NL.
stipula + -ary.'\ In bot., relating to stipules; stipular. stipulate^
(stip'u-lat), v. t. ; prat, and pp. stipulated, ppr. stiputaUng. [< L.
sttpulatus, pp. of stipular e (> It. stipnlare = Sp. Pg. estipular = F.
stipuler), exact, bargain for ; origin doubtful : by some referred to
Oli.* stipulus, firm; by others to L. stipula, a straw.] To arrange or
settle definitely, or by special mention and agreement, or as a
special condition: as, it is stipulated that A shall pay 5 per cent.
Henry the Fourth and the king my master had gHpulated with each
other that, whensoever any one of them died, the survivor should
take care of the ouiei's child. Lord Herbert of Chenimry, Life (ed.
Howells), p. 129. Those Articles which were stipulated in their
Favour. Howell, Letters, I. iii. 20. It is stipulated also that every man
shall be bound to obey his own lord "convenienter," or so far as is
fitting and right. Eneyc. Brit., XXII. 782. Stipulated dajuages. (a) In a
general sense, a sum named in a contract or obligation as the
damages to be paid in case of non-performance. (6) As commonly
used in law, damages liquidated by a stipulation— that is, a sum
fixed by a contract or obligation in such manner as to be the sum
payable in case of breach, without any further question as to the
amount of the actual damages. stipulate^ (stip'u-lat), a. [< NL.
*stipulatus, < L. stipula, a stalt, stipule : see stipuUi] In bot, having
stipules : as, a stipulate stalk or leaf. Stipulatese (stip-u-la'te-§), n.
pi. [NL. (J. von Sachs), < *stipulaius, stalked (see stipulate^), + -
ese.1 Sachs's name for the eusporangiate ferns, a division which
embraces the OpMoglossaeese and MaratlAaoese. The name is now
abandoned, as it is known that there are no stipules in the
Ophiogloesacese, and that they are sometimes wanting in the
Marattiaaese. stipulation^ (stip-u-la'shgn), n. [< P. stipulation, = Sp.
esUpulacion = Pg. esUpulagSo = It. stipulazione, < L.
stipulaHo^n-), a promise, bargain, covenant, < stipulari, demand a
formal promise, bargain, covenant, stipulate : see stipulate.'} 1. The
act of stipulating, agreeing, or covenanting; a contracting or
bargaining. — 2. That which is stipulated or agreed upon ; a
contract or bargain, or a particular article or item in a contract : as,
the stipulaUons of the allied powers to furnish each ms contingent of
troops ; a contract containing so many stipulations.— 3. In laio,
specifically — (a) An agreement between counsel or attorneys in a
cause, afEecting its conduct. (6) An undertaking in the natm'e of bail
taken in the admiralty courts, (c) In Boman law, a contract in which
the form consisted in a question and answer, formalities which in
course of time came to be recognized as making avaUd contract
which mightdispense with the ceremonials requiredby the earlier
law. stipulation^ (stip-u-la'shon), n. [< L. sHpula, a stalk: see
stipule.'] In'fio*., the situation and structure of the stipules.
stipulator (stip'u-la-tor), n. [< L. stipulator, one who stipulates, <
stipula/ri, demand a formal promise, bargain, stipulate : see
stipvUate.'] One who stipulates, contracts, or covenants; in Bom.
law, one to whom a stipulation or promise was given in the form of
contract known as stipulatio. See stipulation^ 3 (c). stipule (stip'iil),
n. [= P. sUpule = It. stipula, < L. stipula, a stalk, stem, blade, dim.
of stipes, stock, trunk: see sUpe^.'] 1. In bot. : (a) One of a pair of
lateral appendages found at the base of the petiole of many leaves,
stipules are normally flat organs, leaf-like in appearance and use, or
colorless and sc^e-like, and without function — sometimes. Stipules
^Sf). . Of Hobinta Pseiidacacia. n. 0{ Rosa canina. ^. Oi Pisum
arvmse. t. Of Lathyrus Apkaca. 5. Of Smilax bona-nox. 5952
however, as in the magnolia, fig, and beech, serving as budscales
and falling when the leaves expand. Stipules may be free from the
petiole, or adnate by one edge, then passing by grades into mere
wing-like expansions of its base ; they may be free from one
another, or variously united, sometimes so as to clasp the stem,
sometimes between it and the leafstalk (then intrapetiolar),
sometimes sheathing the stem, as in Polygonum, then forming
ocrese (see oerea). The adjacent members of two opposite pairs
may become connate around the stem, as in many Rvbiacese.
Stipules are sometimes reduced to mere bristles, or take the form of
spines, as in the common locust ; in SmUax they appear to be
converted into tendrils. They are often wholly wanting, but where
present, they generally characterize whole families, as they do the
Malvacea, Leguminosse, and Bosacea. (&) In the Characeee, one of
certain unicellular tubes, of greater or less length, on the inner and
outer sides of the socalled leaf, (c) 8a,me us paraphyUum(b).— 2. In
ormth., a newly sprouted feather; a pinfeather. Also sUpula. Stipuled
(stip'uld), a. [< sUpule + -ed2.] In bot. , furnished with stipules, or
lateral leafy appendages. Stipuliform (stip'ii-li-f6rm), a. [< L. stipula,
a stalk, + forma, form.] In bot, having the form of a stipule. stiri
(stfer); V. ; pret. and pp. stirred, ppr. stirring. [Also dial, steer (and
stoor) ; early mod. E. also stirr, stvrre, stire, stere; < ME. stiren,
steren, sturen, styren, < AS. styrian, move, stir, = North Fries,
stiaren = MD. stooren, D. storen, disturb, vex, = ML(J. storen,
disturb, hinder, =OHG-. storen, storren, scatter, destroy, disturb,
MHG. stceren, G. storen, disturb, interrupt, hinder, = Sw. stora,
disturb ; cf . Icel. styrr, a stir, T>a,ji.for-styrre, disturb; not
connected with L. sternere, scatter, or E. strew: see strew. Cf.
stoor^. Hence ult. storm and sturgeon. The ME. forms are in some
uses confused with similar forms of steer\ ' direct,' ' guide.'] I. trans.
1 . To move ; change the position or situation of: as, to stir hand or
foot. Stonde he neuere so styfliche thorgh sterynge of the bote He
bendeth and boweth the body is vnstable. Piers Plowman (C), xi. 36.
He pulls you not a hair, nor pares a nail, lipr stirs a foot, without due
figuring The horoscope. T. TomMs ff), Albumazar, i. 3. 3. To set in
motion; agitate; disturb. There is everemore gret Wynd in that
Fosse, that sterethe everemore ^e Gravelle, and makethe it trouble.
Mandemlle, Travels, p. 32. My mind is troubled, like a fountain
stirr'd. Shak., T. and C, iil. 3. 311. Airs that gently dir The vernal
leaves. Wordsworth, Ruth. 3. To move briskly; bestir. Now sturelh
hym self Arthour, Thenkyng on hys labour. And gaderyth to hym
strenghth aboute, Hys kynges & Erles on a rowte, Arthur (ed.
Fumivall), 1. 295. Come, you must stir your Stumps, you must
Dance. Steele, Tender Husband, v. 1. 4. To cause the particles or
parts of to change place in relation to each other by agitating with
the hand or an implement: as, to stir the fire with a poker; to stir
one's coffee with a spoon. He stireth the coles. Chaucer, Canon's
Teoman's Tale, 1. 267. Mr. , one of the f ellowes (in Mr. Fr. Potter's
time), was wont to say that Dr. Kettle's brain e was like a
hastypudding, where there was memorie, Judgement, and phancy all
stirred together. Aitbrey, Lives (^ph Kettle). 5f. To brandish; flourish.
Now hatz Arthure his axe, & the halme grypez, & sturnely sturez hit
aboute, that stryke \^th hit thost. Sir Gawayne and the Qreen
Knight (E. K T. S.), 1. 381. 6. To bring into notice or discussion ;
agitate ; debate; moot. Stir not questions of Jurisdiction. Bacon,
Oreat Place. 7. To rouse, as from sleep or inaction; awaken. Nay,
then, 'tis time to sHr him from his trance. Shak., T. of the S., i. 1.
182. Thy dear heart is stirred From out its wonted quiet. William
Morris, Earthly Paradise, II. 344. 8. To move ; excite ; rouse. His
steed was bloody red, and fomed yre, When with the maistring spur
he did him roughly stire. Spenser, F. Q., II. v. 2. The music must be
shrill and all conf us'd That sHrs my blood. Beau, and Fl., Maid's
Tragedy, L 1. 9. To incite; instigate; set on. Feendis threten f aste to
take me, And steren belle houndis to bite me. Hymns to Virgin, etc.
(E. E. T. S.), p. 70. With him along is come the mother-queen, Ajn
Ate, stirring him to blood and strife. Shale., K. John, ii. 1. 63. To stir
coalst. See coal.— To stir up. (a) To instigate ; incite ; as, to stir up a
nation to rebellion. stir To these undertakings these great Lords of
the World have been sUrred up rather by the desire of Fame . . .
than by the afleotion of bearing rule. " Raleigh (Arbor's Eng. Garner,
I. 664). There's that Will Maskery, sir, as is the rampageousest
Methodis' as oaft be, an' I make no doubt it was hun as stirred up
th' young woman t» preach last night. ^ George Ehat, Adam Bede,
v.
 Siiretrus anchorago. (Hair-line shows natural size.) stir 6. A
house of correction; a lockup; a prison. [Thieves' slang.] I was in
Brummagem, and was seven days in the new stir, and nearly broke
my necli. JSayliew, London Labour and London Poor, I. 469. stir^
(stir), n. [A corruption of sir.] Sir. [Scottish vulgarism.] I'm seelEing
for service, stir. Scott, Old Mortality, viii. stirabout (stfer'a-bout"). '»•
[< stir^ + about.'] 1 . Oatmeal or other porridge. The fifth book is
of pease-porridge, under which are included f rumetary, water-gruel,
milk-porridge, rice-milk, flumary, etir-dbaul, and the like. ' W. King,
Art of Cookery, Letter Ix. 3. Oatmeal and dripping pr bacon-fat
mixed together and stirred about in a frying-pan. HalUwell. [Prov;
Eng.] Stiretrus (sti-re'trus), n. [NL. (Laporte, 1833), < Gr. areipoi,
barren, -I- ^pov, the abdomen.] A notable genus of true bugs, of the
family Pentatomidse, comprising about 25 species peculiar to
America, most of them tropical. One species, 5. anchorago, is found
in the southern United States, and is a common enemy of the
chinohbug, Colorado potato-beetle, and cotton-worm. stiriated (stir'i-
a-ted), «.. [< *8tiriate (< L. stiria, a frozen drop, an icicle; cf. sUlP)
+ -eeJ2.] Adorned withpendants like icicles. Stirioust (stir'i-us), a. [<
L. stiria, a frozen drop, an icicle, + -ov,s.'\ Consisting of or
resembling icicles. Crystal is found sometimes in rocks, and in some
places not much unlike the stirious or stillicidious dependencies of
ice. Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., ii. 1. stirk (stiirk), n. [Also sterh, sturk;
< ME. stirh, styrk, sterk, sUrke, styrke, < AS. stirc, a young cow,
heifer, styrc, styric, a young steer, = MD. stierick = MLG. sterke, >
Gr. stdrke, starke, a young cow, heifer, G. dial, sterk, a young steer;
usually explained as derived, with dim. sufiSx -ic, < AS. stedr, etc., a
steer; but prob. connected, as orig. 'a young cow that has not yet
calved,' with OHG. stero, MHG. ster, a ram, Goth, staira, barren, L.
sterilis, barren, Gr. arelpoc, aripijio^, barren, Skt. stari, barren,
sterile: see sterile.] An animal of the ox or cow kind from one to two
years old. [Prov. Eng. or Scotch.] Stirless (st6r'les), a. [< stir^ + -
less.] Still; motionless; inactive; very quiet. [Rare.] She kept her
hollow, stirleas eyes on his. There was an absence of movement
about her almost oppressive. She seemed not even to breathe.
Harper's Mag., LXXVL 228. Stirn (st6rn), n. Same as sterifi. stiropf, n.
An old spelling of sUrrup. Stirpt (sterp), n. [< ME. stirpe, < L. stirps,
a stock, root, race.] Stock; race; family. So is she spronge of noble
stirp and high. Court of Love, 1. 16. Democracies ... are commonly
more quiet, and less subject to sedition, than where there are stirps
of nobles. Bacon, Nobility (ed. 1887). stirpicultural (stSr-pi-kul'tur-
al), a. Pertaining to stirpiculture. The Samtdrian, XXIV. 514.
£tirpiculture (st§r'pi-kul-tur), n. [< L. stirps, a stock, race, + cultwra,
culture.] The breeding of special stocks or strains. Sentimental
objections in the way of the higher stirpiculture. The Xation, Aug. 10,
1876, p. 92. stirps (stirps), n. ; pi. sUrpes (ster'pez). [L.: see stirp.]
1. Eace; lineage; family; in law, the person from whom a family is
descended. See per stirpes, waAev per. — 2. In sool., a classificatory
group of uncertain rank and no fixed position, by MacLeay made
intermediate between a family and a tribe ; a superfamily. Compare
group^, section, cohort, aniphalawc. — 3. Inbot., a race or
permanent variety. stirrage^t (st6r'aj), n. [< s«m-i -1- -age.] The act
of stirring ; agitation; commotion; stir. Every small stirrage waketh
them. Granger, On Eccles. (1621), p. 820. stirrage^f, n. Same as
steerage. stirrer (st6r'6r), TO. [< sWri + -erl.] 1. One who stirs ;
especially, one who is active or bustling. Come on, . . . give me your
hand, sir ; an early stirrer. Skak., 2 Hen. IV., iii. 2. 3. Bris. Good day
to you. Cam. You are an early stirrer. Fletcher, Double Marriage, i. 1,
2. One who stirs or agitates anything, as a liquid, with the hand or
an implement for stirring.— 3. An implement or a machine used for
stirring a liquid or the like. 374 5953 The liquid being taken out on a
pointed glass rod or stirrer. W. B. Carpenter, Micros., § 207. 4. One
who incites or instigates ; an instigator: often with up: as, a stirrer
up of contention. We must give, I say. Unto the motives, and the
stirrers up Of humours in the blood. B. Jonson, Alchemist, iii. 1.
Stirrers of sedition, without aiur zeal for freedom. Macaulay, Sir W.
Temple. stirring (ster'ing), n. [< ME. steringe, styrynge, steriinge;
verbal n. oistir^, v.] 1. Movement; motion ; activity ; effort ; the act
of moving or setting in motion. Eche abouten other goynge, Causeth
of othres steringe. Chaucer, House of Fame, 1. 800. The emotions
voiced in his song are stirrings of the spirit ratherthan thrills of the
senses. The Atlantic, LXV., p. 4 of adv'ta. 2t. Temptation. 3if any
sterynge on me stele. Out of the clos of thi clennesse Wysse me,
lord, in wo & wele. And kepe me fram vnkyndnesse. Political Poems,
etc. (ed. rurnivall), p. 251. 3. In agri., the second tilth or fallow.
Florin, p. 273. {HalUwell.) — 4t. Kiot; commotion. I'll lie about
Charing-cross, for, if there be any stirrings, there we shall have 'em.
Webster and Deklcer, Northward Ho, i. 2. stirring (ster'ing), jj. a.
[Ppr. of stir^, v.] 1. Being in active motion ; characterized by stir or
activity; active; bustling; lively; vivacious; brisk : as, a stirring life ;
stirring times. Such a merry, nimble, stirring spirit, Shak., L. L. L., v.
2. 16. Those who appear the most stirring in the scene may possibly
not be the real movers. Burke, Kev. in France. 2. Animating; rousing;
awakening; stimulating; exciting; inspiriting: as, a stirring oration ; a
stirring march. Often the ring of his verse is sonorous, and
overcomes the jagged consonantal diction with starring lyrical effect.
Stedman, Vict. Poets, p. 302. 3t. Fickle. A stythe man of his stature,
stirond of wille, Menyt hym to mony thinges, & of mynde gode.
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.X L 3833. stirrup (stir'- or st6r'up), n.
[Early mod. E. also sUrrop, sUrop, sterope; < MB. stirop, styrop,
styrope, sterepe, <. as.="" stirap="" stigrap="" sugerdp="" md.=""
stegerep="" steegh="" also="" stegelreep="OHG." stegareif=""
mhg.="" g.="" stegreif="Icel." stigreip="" lit.="" stigan=""
mount="" rap="" rope:="" see.s="" and="" ropei.="" ct.t="" stijg-
bevrgel="G." steig-biigel="Sw." stig-bygel="Dan." stig-bojle="" a=""
stirrup="" ring="" or="" loop="" for="" mounting="" baip-=""
support="" the="" foot="" of="" person="" mounted="" on=""
horse="" usually="" metal="" ipop="" with="" bottom="" part=""
flat="" corrugated="" finished="" points="" to="" give="" hold=""
sole="" boot="" aid="" in="" mounting.="" is="" suspended=""
from="" saddle="" by="" strap="" thong="" which="" modem=""
saddles="" adjustable="" length.="" arab="" other="" bastern=""
horsemen="" has="" very="" broad="" rest="" tor="" this=""
projects="" sometimes="" beyond="" heel="" sharp="" edge=""
it="" serves="" instead="" spur.="" stirrups="" some="" modern=""
military="" have="" strong="" front="" piece="" leather=""
material="" prevents="" passing="" too="" far="" into=""
protects="" leg.="" see="" cat="" under="" saddle.="" our=""
hoste="" upon="" his="" stiropes="" stood="" anon.="" chaucer=""
prol.="" shipman="" tale="" i="" your="" slimip="" when="" you=""
do="" alight="" without="" grudging="" wait="" till="" return.=""
beau="" fl.="" honest="" man="" fortune="" iv.="" naut=""
arope="" an="" eye="" at="" its="" end="" through="" foot-
rope="" rove="" supported.="" ends="" are="" securely=""
fastened="" yard="" they="" steady="" men="" reefing=""
furling="" saus.="" mach.="" any="" resembling="" shape=""
functions="" as="" iron="" mill-saw="" hangs="" x="" poulaine=""
z="" mexican="" wooden="" taps.="" stitch="" muley-head=""
sash.="" carp.="" etc.="" loop-strap="" device="" securing=""
rafter-post="" tie="" supporting="" beam="" stock="" large=""
crossbow="" keep="" firm="" while="" bow="" bent="" string=""
drawn="" notch.="" cut="" arbauster.="" anat.="" stapes="" stirrup-
bone.="" stirrup-bar="" n.="" spring-bar="" riding-saddle=""
upper="" stirltip-strap="" fastened.="" stirrup-bone="" .=""
mammal="" :="" so="" called="" shape.="" stirrup-cup="" cup=""
wine="" liquor="" presented="" rider="" about="" take=""
departure="" aparting-eup.="" stirrup-hose="" pi.="" heavy=""
stockings="" worn="" oyer="" garments="" legs="" traveling=""
horseback="" seventeenth="" century="" probably="" earlier.=""
described="" made="" top="" secured="" girdle="" bag-
breeches.="" stirrup-iron="" proper="" that="" placed=""
distinguished="" suspends="" it.="" stirrup-lantern="" small=""
lantern="" frame="" below="" light="" road="" night="" warm=""
feet="" contrivance="" used="" fifteenth="" later.="" stirrup-
leather="" stirrup-muscle="" stapedius.="" stirrup-oil="" sound=""
beating="" drubbing.="" haluwell.="" eng.="" stirrup-piece=""
anything="" performs="" ofsce="" hanging="" fixed="" point=""
else="" lies="" m="" hollow.="" stirtet="" stirtt.="" obsolete=""
forms="" preterit="" past="" participle="" starf="" me.="" sticlie=""
styche="" stice="" pricking="" sensation="" comp.="" instice=""
inward="" fser-siicej="" sudden="" twinge="" suc-ddl="" stic-
wserc="" side="" not="" found="" sense="" ofries.="" steke=""
stek="OHG." shh="" stich="" prick="" sting="" stab="" goth.=""
suks="" time="" verb="" stick:="" suck="" stiok="" acute=""
pain="" like="" produced="" thrust="" needle="" spasmodic=""
especially="" intercostal="" muscles="" side.="" such="" pains=""
may="" be="" myalgic="" neuralgic="" pleuritic="" due=""
muscular="" cramp.="" but="" inti="" my="" sair="" troubles=""
queen="" marie="" ballads="" iii.="" corporal="" sickness=""
perpetual="" monitor="" conscience="" every="" pang=""
reproof="" reads="" lesson="" mortality.="" bjev.="" t.=""
adams="" works="" i.="" contortion="" grimace="" twist=""
face.="" if="" talk.="" pull="" face="" again.="" love="" truth=""
shall="" angry.="" captain="" ii.="" sewing:="" one=""
movement="" threaded="" out="" fabric="" uniting="" two=""
parts="" thread="" tight="" after="" each="" insertion.="" tfiead=""
left="" movement.="" knitting="" netting="" crochet=""
embroidery="" lacemaking="" whole="" implement=""
implements="" knittingneedles="" bobbins="" hook="" result=""
shown="" work="" itself.="" kind="" style="" stitching:=""
buttonhole-si="" cvosa-stitcli="" pillowlace="" extension=""
loom.="" stitches="" lace="" aiao="" whip-stitch.="" distance=""
passed="" over="" stretch="" way.="" how="" ye="" come="" to-
day="" said.="" house="" gaius="" friend.="" promise="" said=""
he="" gone="" good="" well="" aweary="" sit="" down.=""
bunyan="" pilgrim="" progress="" p.="" agri.="" space=""
between="" double="" furrows="" plowed="" ground="" furrow=""
ridge.="" many="" plough="" drave="" earth="" here="" there.=""
turn="" up="" stuehes="" orderly.="" chapman="" iliad="" xviii.=""
bit="" clothing="" rag:="" had="" dry="" on.="" bookund=""/>
 stitch ing, a conneotion of leaves or pieces of paper,
through perforations an inch or so apart, with thread or wire, a
single stitch is made with two perforations only, the ttiread being
tied near the entering place of the stitching-needle. A double stitch
has three and sometimes four perforations, the thread being
reversed in and out on the upper and under side at each perforation.
A saddle-back stitch has its perforations in the center of the creased
folded double leaves. A side-stitch has perforations through the sides
of the leaves, about one eighth of an inch from &e back told. A
French stitch has two perforations only in each section of the
pamphlet, the second perforation of the first section ending where
the first perforation of the second section begins, in which diagonal
line the stitching-needle is pat through each succeeding section, and
is then reversed and locked at the end. A mor ehiJie-sUtch is a
succession of ordinary locked stitches made by the sewing-machine.
A xeire stitch has short staples of turned wire, which are forced
through the leaves and clamped by one operation of the wire-
stitching machine. See ketUe-sHtch. — Blind stitcli. See blind^. —
Damask stitch. See damask. — Dotted stitch. Same as dot-stitch. —
False stitch, In pillow-lace making, same as false pinhole (which see,
under pinhole).— 'SAUaj, Flemish, German, glovers', gobelin,
herring-hone, bonevcomh, idiot, Irish, overcast stitch. See the
qualifying words.— OutUne-Stitch. See (mtiiTje.— Plaited Stitch. See
platted. — Raised stitch. See ratsei.— Boyal stitch. See royal,—
Russian stitch. A kind of ribbed stitch in crochet. Diet, qf Seedleaork.
— Short stitch, a kind of needlework used in embroidery of the
simplest kind, where the ground is partly covered by single stitches
of a thread usually of different color, the ground not so covered
generally forming the pattern. — Slanting stitch. See slant.— To go
through stitch witht, to prosecute to the end ; complete. And in
regard of the main point, that they should never be able to go
through stitch wOh that war. Urguhart, tr. of Kabelais, Oargantua, L
17. (See also backstitch, chain-stitcJi, erewd-stiteh, cross-stitch,
Jeather-stitcTi, hemstUeh, lock-stitch, rope-stitch, spider-stitch,
utem-stite?!, streak-stitch, etc.) stitcIl (stieh), V. [< ME. sticchen
(pret. sUgte, stigt), prick, stiteh, = MD. sticken, D. sUMen = OHG.
sticchan, MHG. G. sUcken, emliroider, stiteh ; from the noun. Cf .
sticks, «;.] I. trans. 1. To unite by stitches; sew. — 2. To ornament
with stitches. — 3. In agri., ta form into ridges. — Xo Stitcb up. (a)
To form or put together by sewing. She has, out of Impatience to
see herself in her WeedEj, order'd her Mantua- Woman to stitch up
any thing immediately. Steele, Grief A-la-Mod^ v. 1. (p) To mend or
unite with a needle and thread : as, to tffucA up a rent ; to stitch up
an artery. II, intrans. To sew ; make stitches. StUch! stitch! stitch I
In poverty, hunger, and dirt. Sood, Song of the Shirt. stitchel
(stioh'el'), n. A kind of hairy wool. [Local.] Imp. Diet. Stitcber
(stioh'fer), n. [< stitch + -eri.] One who stitches ; also, a tool or
machine used in stitching. All alike are rich and richer, King with
crown, and cross-legged stitcher. When the grave hides all. £. W.
aOder, Drinking Song. Stitchery (stioh'6r-i), n. [< stitch + -ery.']
Needlework ; in modem times, the labor or drudgery of sowing.
Come, lay aside your stitchery ; I must have you play the idle
huswife with me this afternoon. Sltak., Cor., i. 3. 75. stitchfallen
(stich'fa''ln), a. [< sUtch +fallm, pp. of falU.'\ Fallen, as a stitch in
knitting. [Kare.] A sUtch-fdl'n cheek, that hangs below the Jaw.
Dryden, tr. of Juvenal's Satires, x. 309. stitching (stich'ing), n.
[Verbal n. of stitch, v.'] Stitches collectively; especially, ornamental
stitches designed to show on the surface of the work. — middle
Stitclling (.naut.). Same as mxynk's seam,l. Stitching-horse
(stich'ing-h6rs), n. A harnessmakers' clamp or work-holder mounted
on a wooden frame or horse. The jaw of the clamp is kept in
position by means of a foot-lever. See cut under sewing-clamp.
stitch-wheel (stioh'hwel), n. In harness-making, a small notched
wheel mounted in a handle, used to mark the places for the stitches
in hand-sewed work ; a prieking-wheel. stitch-work (stioh'werk), n.
Embroidery. B. Taylor, Northern Travel, p. 415. stitchwort
(stich'w6rt), n. [Early mod. E. also stiehwort; < ME. stichwurt, < AS.
sUcwyrt,< stice, stitch, + ivyrt, plant: see stitch and worfi."] One of
several plants of the chickweed or starwort genus, Stellaria. The
proper stitchwort is S. Eolostea, the greater stitchwort, locally called
aUbone, break-bones, shirt-buttons, snap-jack, etc., a pretty Old
World species with an erect slender stem and starry white flowers.
The name alludes to its reputed virtue for the cure of stitch in the
side, or, according to one old work, to its use for curing the sting of
venomous reptiles (Prior). <8'. graminea is in England the lesser
stitchwort. In the 5954 United States S. lim^olia, a plant of similar
habit. Is named long-leaved sHtehaort. The name is sometimes
extended, in books, to the whole genus. stithH (stith), a. [Also
sUthe; < ME. sUth, stithe, < AS. stith = OPries. stith. strong, hard,
harsh; of. leel. stirdhr, stiff, rigid, harsh, severe.] Strong; hard.
Telamocus he toke his tru sone, Stakfe hym in a stith house, &
stuerne men to kepo, Wallit full wele, with water aboute. DestrmUon
of Troy (B. E. T. S.), 1. 13844. stith^t (stith), n. [< ME. stith, stithe,
< Icel. stethi = Sw. stdd, an anvil: so called from its firmness ; ef .
Icel. stathr, a fixed place, AS. stede, a place, stead: see stead.
Doublet of stithy."] An anvil; a stithy. The smyth That torgeth sharpe
swerdes on his stUh. Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. ai«8. stithlyt (stith'li),
adv. [ME., < AS. sUthlice, strongly, < stith, strong: see stith^ and -
ly^.i Strongly; sti6ay; greatly; sore. StUhly with stonys [they]
steynyt hu- to dethe. Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 12157.
stithy (stith'i), n. ; pi. stithies (-iz). [Also dial. sUddy, steddy, steady;
an extension of stith^ (prob. due to confusion with smithy as related
to smith): see stith^.] 1. An anvil. "Letme sleep on that hard point,"
said Vamey; "leannot else perfect the device I have on the stithy."
Scott, Kenilworth. 2. A smithy; a smith's shop; a forge. And my
imaginations are as foul As Vulcan's stUhy. Shak., Hamlet, lit 2. 89.
stithy (stith'i), V. t. ; pret. and pp. stithied, p^r. sUthying. [< stithy,
re.] To forge on an anvil. The forge that stithied Mars his helm.
Shak., T. and C, iv. 6. 256. stithy-mant (stith'i-man), n. A smith. The
subtle stithy-man that lived whilere. Bp. EaU, Satires, II. i. 44.
(Davies.') stive^ (stiv), a. Same as steeve^ for stiff. stive^t (stiv), V.
[< ME. sUven, < AS. sUfian or stifian, also in comp. dsUfian or d-
stifian (== OFries. siioa, steva = MD. D. stijven = G. steifen = Sw.
styfva = Dan. stime), grow stifE, < stifoi stif,stik: see stiff.] I, m
 stoccade stoccadef, v. t. See stockade. stoccadof, stoccatat,
n. Same as stoccade. Stocco (stok'o), K. [It.: see stocfci, stoccade.]
A long straight sword for thrusting, similar to the tuck. See tuch^
and estoc. Stochastict (sto-kas'tlk), a. [< Gr. oroxaanKdg, able to hit
or to guess, conjecturing, < aroxiiea8ai, aim at. endeavor after, <
aT6%oc, aim, shot, guess.] (jonjeotural; given to or partaking of
conjecture. Though he [Sir X. Browne] were no prophet, . . . yet in
that faculty which comes nearest to It he excelled, i. e. the
Stoehastiek, wherein he was seldom mistaken as fa future events, as
well pnblick aa private. WMtefoal, quoted in Sir T. Browne's Works, I.
xlvit stocki (stok), n. and a. [< ME.sfocfce, stoTcke, stole, stoke, stoc
(pi. stokkes, the stocks), < AS. stoc, stocc (stocc-), a post, trunk,
stock, == OFries. stok = MD. stock, D. stok = MLG-. stok, LGr. stock
= OHG. stoc, stock, MHG. stoc (> It. stocco, a rapier), G. stock =
Icel. stokkr = Dan. stok = Sw. stock (not recorded in Goth.), a post,
stock (hence, from Teut., OP. estoc, a stock, trunk of a tree, race,
etc., = It. stocco, a stock, trunk of a tree, rapier, etc. : see stocco,
stoccade, stock^, tuck^, etc. ) ; generally supposed to be connected
■with the similar words, of similar sense, stick^, staked, and so with
stack; but the phonetic connection is not clear. Assuming the sense '
stick' or 'club' to be original, a connection may be surmised with Skt.
■/ tuj (orig. *stug ?), thrust. The senses of this noun are numerous
and complicated; the ME. senses are in part due to the or. estoc] I.
m. 1. A wooden post; a stake; a stump. The Cros of oure Lord was
made of i manere of Trees, . . . and the Slock, that stode within the
Erthe, . . . was of Cedre. IXandemUe, Travels, p. 10. Ley this roude
plate upon an evene grond or on an evene ston or on an evene ^k
fix in the gronde. Chmuser, Astrolabe, ii. 38. They all went
downward, fleetly and gaily downward, and only he, it seemed,
remained behind, like aetock upon the wayside. S. L. Stevenson, Will
o' the MilL 2. A wooden block; a block; a log; hence, something
lifeless and senseless. He swore hire yis, by itokkee and by stones,
And by the goddes that in hevene dwelle. Chaueer, Troilus, iii. 589.
there was an exe, and a atoke, and oon of the lewdeste of the
shippe badde hym ley down his hedde, and he should be fair ferd
wyth, and dye on a swerd. Paeton Letterg, 1. 125. More than dead
stocks would startle at such beauty. Chapman, Blind Beggar of
Alexandria. And those made thee forsake thy God, And worship
stocks and stones. WarOon Wife qf Bath (Child's Ballads, Vni. 155).
3. A person who is as dull and senseless as a block or a log. Let 's be
no stoics nor no stocks. Shak.,!!. of the S., i. 1. 81. Such a stock of a
child, such a statue ! Why, he has no kind of feeling either of body
or mind. Brooke, Fool of Quality, iii. What a phlegmatic sot it is !
Why, sirrab, you 'r an anchorite 1 — a vile insensible stock. Sheridan,
Ilivals, iii. 1. 4. A dull object or recipient of action or notice, as of
wonder, scorn, or laughter; a butt: generally the second element in a
compound: as, a gazing-stocfc; a laMghing-stock. Howsoever we are
all accounted dull, and common jesting stocks for your gallants,
there are some of us do not deserve it. Beau, and Fl., Woman-Hater,
iii. 3. Thou art the stock of men, and I admire thee. Fletcher, Rule a
Wife, iii. 6. I know, and may presume her such, As, out of humour,
will return no love ; And therefore might indifferently be made The
courting-stoc^ for all to practise on. B. Jonson, ISew Inn, i. 1. 5.
The stalk, stem, or trunk of a tree or other plant; the main body, or
fixed and firm part. Though the root thereof wax old in the earth,
and the stock thereof die in the ground. Job xiv. 8. There, in the
stocJes of trees, white faies do dwell. B. Jonson, ■Sad Shepherd, ii.
2. You know him — old, but full Of force and choler, and firm upon
his feet, And like an oaken stock in winter woods. Tennyson, Golden
Year. 6. A stem in which a graft is inserted, and which is its support ;
also, a stem, tree, or plant that furnishes slips or cuttings. You see,
sweet maid, we marry A gentler scion to the wildest stock. Shak., W.
T., iv. i. 93. The scion ever over-ruleth the stock. Bacon, Nat. Hist.,
Int. to § 477. Hence — 7. The original progenitor of a family or race
; the person from whom any given line of descent or inheritance is
derived. See stock of descent, below. 5955 This flrste stok was f ul
of rightwisnesse, Trewe of his word, sobre, pitous, and free.
Chancer, Gentilnesse, 1. 8. Brave soldier, yield, thou stock of arms
and honour. Fletcher, Bonduca, v. 5. 8. Direct line of descent ; race ;
Uneage ; family: as, children of the stock of Abraham. What things
are these 1 I shall marry into a fine stock ! Brome, Northern Lass, ii.
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