PURCHASE REQUISITION IN DETAIL
By--(Omkar Akanpalliwar)
A Purchase Requisition is a document that requests the procurement of materials
or services..
-T-codes
ME51N: Create a Purchase Requisition.
ME52N Change a Purchase Requisition.
ME53N Display a Purchase Requisition.
ME5A List Purchase Requisitions.
ME54N/ME55 Release (approve) a Purchase Requisition (individual or collective
release).
PURCHASE REQUISITION PROCESS
1. Create a Purchase Requisition (T-code: ME51N)
Request materials or services needed by a department.
Process
1. Access Transaction
- Enter T-code ME51N in the SAP command field.
- Path: SAP Menu > Logistics > Materials Management > Purchasing > Purchase
Requisition > Create.
2. Enter Header Data
-Requisition Type : Select the document type (e.g., NB for standard PR, or ZPR for
custom types defined in configuration).
- Header Note : Optional field for general remarks about the PR.
3. Enter Item Details :
- Item Number : Auto-assigned (e.g., 10, 20, etc.).
- Material Number : Enter the material code (if known) or leave blank for non-
stock or service items.
- Short Text : Description of the material/service if no material number is used
-Quantity : Specify the required quantity.
- Unit of Measure : Auto-populated based on material master or entered
manually.
- Delivery Date : Specify the desired delivery date.
- Plant : Enter the plant code where the material is needed.
- Storage Location : Specify the storage location (optional).
- Purchasing Group : Enter the responsible purchasing group.
-Account Assignment : Select the account assignment category (e.g., K for Cost
Center, F for Order, A for Asset).
- Cost Center/GL Account : Enter the cost center or G/L account for cost
allocation (based on account assignment).
- Valuation Price : For non-stock items, enter the estimated price (optional, as it
may be determined later).
5. Check and Save - Click the Check button to validate entries.
2. Change a Purchase Requisition (T-code: ME52N)
Purpose: Modify an existing PR (e.g., update quantity, delivery date, or cost center)
if it hasn’t been fully processed or released.
3. Display a Purchase Requisition (T-code: ME53N)
Purpose : View details of a PR without making changes.
4. Release Approve a Purchase Requisition (T-codes: ME54N, ME55)
Purpose : Approve the PR based on a predefined release strategy. Release
strategies are configured to ensure PRs are approved by authorized personnel
before conversion to a PO.
RELEASE STRATEGY CHECKING PROCESS
1. Check Release Strategy
- Configured in SPRO (IMG > Materials Management > Purchasing > Purchase
Requisition > Release Procedure).
- Based on factors like PR value, plant, purchasing group, or material type.
2. Individual Release (T-code: ME54N) :
- Enter the PR number.
- Click the Release button (green flag icon) if you have authorization.
- Select the appropriate Release Code (e.g., R1 for first-level approval).
- Save to update the release status.
3. Collective Release (T-code: ME55) :
- Enter selection criteria (e.g., purchasing group, plant, or release code).
- Select multiple PRs and release them collectively.
4. Verify Release :
- Check the Release Status in ME53N to confirm approval.
T-codes :
ME54N (individual release),
ME55 (collective release).
Note : If a PR is subject to a release strategy, it cannot be converted to a PO until
fully released.
Configuration for PR
1. Document Types (SPRO):
- Path: IMG > Materials Management > Purchasing > Purchase Requisition >
Define Document Types.
- Define PR document types (e.g., NB for standard) and number ranges.
2. Release Procedure (SPRO): - Path: IMG > Materials Management > Purchasing >
Purchase Requisition > Release Procedure. - Configure release strategies, codes,
and groups based on criteria like PR value or plant.
3. Account Assignment Categories:
- Define how costs are allocated (e.g., Cost Center, Asset, Project).
- Configured in IMG > Materials Management > Purchasing > Account
Assignment.
4. Source Determination:
- Enable automatic source determination for PRs (e.g., assign vendors via source
lists or contracts).
- T-code: ME05 (Generate Source List).
- Reports :
- ME5A : List of PRs.
- ME2N : List of POs linked to PRs
