BEBE Living with natural hazards 1 Are we ing in a hostile world? 1.1 What are the major natural hazards of the world? | roitoam 5 | 1 What are natural hazards? [Events caused by natural processes or forces eS that are out of human control EES He YEG EHH fe iE Cause no harm or loss Cause harm and loss Cause great loss of life to humans to humans and severe property | damage ‘Natural ] 2 Which of the following is/are natural hazard(s)? Tick ‘V” the correct answer(s). a A nuclear accident that caused 46 deaths. b —_Avoleanic eruption in Tonga that resulted in four deaths. © Alandslide in Hong Kong that damaged an outdoor bench. 4 Ancarthquake in the Atlantic Ocean that did not cause any deaths, injuries or property loss. 3 What are natural hazards a-f? Write their names in the blanks below and on p. 2. (Credit: D.W. Fisher-Freberg/Wikimedia Commons) (© Oxford University Press (China) Lid 2022Shatin Tsung Tsin Secondary Schoo! Preview Exercise Oxford Univiersity Press (3rd edition) © C dd ——s) (Credit: bilanoVEnvato Elements) (Credit: twenty20photos/Envato Elements) (Credit: CreativeNature_nVEnvato Elements) (Credit: Bary Bablev/Wikimedia Commons) 4 Classify natural hazards a-f by filling in the brackets with meteorological hazards or ‘B’ for biological hazards. for geological hazards, 1.2 Where do different natural hazards occur? [© tattmes | 1 Match the following natural hazards with the correct descriptions about their distribution patterns. (Note: One of the descriptions matches TWO natural hazards.) [ a They occur near rivers and coasts. ) ) ¢ They occur in a linear pattem around the Pacific Ocean. ( ) << ¢ ¢ b They are found mostly in the tropical regions. (© Oxford University Press (China) Lid 2022 3Shatin Tsung Tsin Secondary School Preview Exercise ‘Oxford Univtersity Press (3rd edition) 4 Why does most of Asia suffer from strong winds and heavy in summer He 4.1 What are weather and climate? [Brak 89 i 1 Weather is the condition of the air over a (long / short ) period of time. Climate is the average weather conditions over a ( long ’ short ) period of time (e.g. 30 years). 2 Complete the figure below to show some common elements that we use to describe weather and climate. Air corr) Relative - —_% & = a: otc o—— ah ay Winds______ (a's) and wind d. (NE, S, W) A Re 3. The table below shows the climatic data of Place P between August and December. On the piece of graph paper below, complete the climatic graph of Place P. Month A|s|O|N|D Temperate (0) Faneaa ie) Mean 26 | 21) 13| 4 | 2 a temperature co Rainfall 125 | 60/35] 15] 5 (mm) JFMAMJJASOND Month (© Oxford University Press (China) Ltd 2022Shatin Tsung Tsin Secondary School Preview Exercise Oxford Univtersity Press (3rd edi ) 4.2 What are the climatic characteristics of South China? ! © teawcor.503 | 1 Distinct seasons ‘Complete the figure below to show the distinct seasons of South China. « ‘Spring (Mar-Apr) we Autumn (Oct-Nov) «Xx * (Hot, Mild) and humid + Warm and dry + Fogey + Fine and sunny Nb ‘Summer (May-Sep) eg Winter (Dec-Feb) 0 + (Hot / Cool ) and ( wet / dry ) + (Hot /Coob) and ( wet dry’) Mainly (southerly, northerly ) winds = Strong (southerly northerly ) + With typhoons and rainstorms winds Extreme weather conditions in summer ‘There are two common extreme weather conditions in summer in South China. a> 1 (© Ostord University Press (China) Lis 2022 a ee Ro Amber Red KL Black 52 + They bring heavy rain (Crete The Hong Kong Observatory of HKSAR) ‘+ They often occur in summer in South China because of high temperatures and moist ___ monsoons. +The Hong Kong Observatory issues signals when heavy rain is likely to cause serious disruptions. The ____ has no clouds + They bring very strong winds, dense clouds, heavy rain, storm surge and lightning. + They are pressure systems that develop over tropical waters.‘Shatin Tsung Tsin Secondary School Preview Exercise Oxford Univtersity Press (3rd edition) 4.3 What are the weather conditions brought by typhoons? ‘The weather charts below show the weather conditions of Hong Kong under the influence of a typhoon. ‘As the typhoon approaches Hong Kong —__ 1 Complete the third column of the table on p. 21 to show the weather conditions of Hong Kong when the typhoon is very near. 2 Complete the last column of the same table to show how the weather elements change under the influence of the typhoon. (© Oxford University Press (China) Ltd 2022 6Shatin Tsung Tsin Secondary School Preview Exercise Oxford Univtersity Press (3rd edition) ae As the typhoon When the typhoon is | Change in weather approaches Hong Kong | very near Hong Kong element Air temperature 2TC (tiv) Air pressure 1006-1008 hPa (tv) Wind direction NNNW Changed Wind speed 2.5 m/s (tiv) Precipitation Nil (nid, 4.4 What are the causes of typhoons? {© testesm.5¢-7 | 1 Most of the typhoons that affect Hong Kong are formed over the Ocean. In general, the typhoons move towards the ( east / west ) after they are formed. 2 The two favourable conditions for a typhoon to form are: ‘+ warm water with surface temperatures over * an abundant si supply of air. 3 Complete the figure below to show the formation of a typhoon. @ Air to form clouds. Condensation releases ® Warm, moist air rises and to the surrounding air ® More air moves towards the @® More air continues to rise, forming towering clouds. ‘The storm gets stronger ® -pressure centre from all directions, so that air spins and rises (© Orford University Press (China) Lid 2022 ‘An upward spiral around the eye is formed 5,Shatin Tsung Tsin Secondary School Preview Exercise (Oxford Univtersity Press (3rd edition) 4.5 What are the effects of typhoons? ‘Complete the flow chart below to show the effects of typhoons. RR ETERS Strong Disruptionto activity (e.g, business closures), transport __ and people’s daily lives Heavy ‘Typhoons Storm Other natural (eg. landslides) 4.6 How do Asian people prepare for and respond to typhoons? {Bremen 9 | Complete the flow chart below to show the measures to reduce the loss of life and property caused by typhoons. — Construct typhoon buildings |— Adopt better ‘Measures 7] |__ Set up monitoring and systems a 8 NE Jat eople to take precautionary (Credit: The Hong lt sil ® Kong Observatory actions Have well-trained teams to provide medical care measures Provide temporary well as emergency and financial aid © Oxford University Press (China) Ltd 2022 8