Jordan Blocks and Jordan Basis – 50
Practice Questions with Answers (RGPV
CY401)
1. Q1. What is a Jordan block?
A Jordan block J_k(λ) is a k×k matrix with λ on the diagonal, 1 on the superdiagonal, and 0
elsewhere.
2. Q2. Write the Jordan block of size 3 for eigenvalue 2.
[[2, 1, 0], [0, 2, 1], [0, 0, 2]]
3. Q3. What is the Jordan canonical form (JCF)?
It is a block diagonal matrix similar to A with Jordan blocks on the diagonal.
4. Q4. What condition must hold for a matrix to be diagonalizable?
The geometric multiplicity of every eigenvalue must equal its algebraic multiplicity.
5. Q5. When does a matrix have non-trivial Jordan blocks?
When the geometric multiplicity is less than the algebraic multiplicity.
6. Q6. How do you find the eigenvalues of a matrix?
Solve the characteristic equation det(A - λI) = 0.
7. Q7. How is the number of Jordan blocks related to eigenvalues?
Each Jordan block corresponds to an eigenvalue. The number of blocks equals the geometric
multiplicity.
8. Q8. Define algebraic multiplicity.
It is the number of times an eigenvalue appears as a root of the characteristic polynomial.
9. Q9. Define geometric multiplicity.
It is the dimension of the eigenspace corresponding to an eigenvalue.
10. Q10. What is a generalized eigenvector?
A vector v such that (A - λI)^k v = 0 for some k ≥ 1, but (A - λI)^{k-1} v ≠ 0.
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