Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No.

1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

JURNAL TEKNIK
INFORMATIKA
Homepage :
http://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/ti

Studies Awareness User Digital Security ShopeePay in Thailand

Ilman Gani Muis1, Editha Dewi Purnamasari2, Aisyah Nurmi3,

Fatma Suryani Harahap4, Saniran Dorloh5
1,2
Information Technology Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology
3
Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology
4
Chemistry Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
1,2,3,4
Muhammadiyah University of South Tapanuli
5
Ban Buketamong Schools
1.2,3,4
Padang Sidempuan City, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
5
Cho-airong District, Narathiwat Province, Thailand
Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ,
1
4
[email protected] , [email protected]
ABSTRACT

Information security awareness is a critical aspect for digital wallet

Article: users in e- commerce , especially amidst the rise in digital
Received: xxx xx, 20xx transactions. ShopeePay and dLocal's partnership in 2024 expands
Revised: xxx xx, 20xx digital payment services in Southeast Asia, including Thailand, with
Published: xxx xx, 20xx a reach of over 200 million users. Although cash is still dominant in
Thailand, digital wallet adoption continues to increase by 35%
* Correspondence Address:
between 2020 and 2025, accompanied by the risk of cyber fraud. The
[email protected] research uses a quantitative approach, this study integrates the
Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior (KAB) Model and Analytical
Hierarchy Process (AHP) for comprehensive measurement. Data
collection was conducted through a structured questionnaire to 250
active ShopeePay users in the Bangkok area, selected using a
purposive sampling method. This sample size meets the statistical
calculation with a margin of error 6% at the 95% confidence level for
the Thai digital user population. The validity of the instrument is
guaranteed through the Cronbach's reliability test. Alpha (α=0.82).
The results of the study show that mobile device security awareness
is at a good level of 80.21%, but awareness of the social media
aspect is still only 58.4% on average and needs improvement in
terms of knowledge, attitude, and behavior. These findings provide
practical recommendations for Shopee and users to strengthen digital
transaction security, such as more intensive education and
implementation of stricter security policies. This study contributes to
the understanding of digital security awareness among digital wallet
users and strategies for improving it for a safer e- commerce
ecosystem.

Keywords: Digital Payment Fraud, Awareness Security

Information, ShopeePay, KAB Model, Thailand E-Commerce

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Muis, Measuring the Level of Information Security Awareness…
Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

I. INTRODUCTION internet [5]. Information security is one of the

concepts of computing technology that is
Generally , customers come to center involved in life. In the process of online
shopping in do transactions . Conventional shopping and education have utilized
transactions are considered less effective and technology [7].
efficient so that they require a lot of time in The rise of various types of fraud related
making transactions, this then leads to the use burglary ShopeePay show importance
of services in online transactions. Customers awareness society towards security in its use.
can see in detail what information will be Based on the Info Security Europe survey in
purchased and adjusted to their needs, compare the Information Security Breaches Survey
prices, and can make transactions without 2010 on types of information security
having to meet face to face, this process is breaches, security breaches are caused by
called with electronic commerce [1]. humans [8]. The results of the study about low
In addition, partnerships strategic OTP awareness (58.4%) is consistent with
between ShopeePay and dLocal in 2024 have findings of Lim et al. (2023) in Malaysia,
expanded the reach of digital payment however more bad compared to Vietnam
services, enabling access to more than 200 (67.1%) in Nguyen's study (2022).
million new e-commerce customers in four Moment this is very important to build a
Southeast Asian countries, including Thailand. level of security awareness for the
This move not only expands the user base sustainability of the organization. Protecting
ShopeePay but also strengthens its position as data, social engineering, passwords, knowledge
a major player in the ecosystem regional of policies, use of personal equipment, use of
digital payments . Growth This in line with networks are standard in these efforts [9].
global trends , where e-commerce has shift Humans are the weakest link in information
pattern transaction conventional going to security because of the basic nature of humans,
digital payments that offer efficiency and namely providing assistance and services to
convenience . In Thailand, although those in need. This can attract the attention of
transaction cash Still dominate by 67% in 2023 some people to exploit it and can damage data
, adoption digital wallet shows growth [10]. In study psychology social about dislike
significant by 35% CAGR 2020-2025. Trend somebody to a object with three things that
This consistent with Bank of Thailand report affect it that is affect , behavior , cognition
(2023) which noted 142% increase in digital [11]. In preventing fraud, theft of user data , or
transaction volume post-pandemic , this This theft ShopeePay done with method increasing
driven by the security , convenience , and awareness of the importance of maintaining
accessibility they offer [2][3][4]. information security. Therefore, research is
Improvement use ShopeePay For needed to measure the level of public
transacting on Shopee also occurred amidst the awareness in information security so that it can
coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic due to be known what things need to be improved in
Large-Scale Social Restrictions . When This the scope of information security [12].
Large-Scale Social Restrictions Large (PSBB) Kruger and Kearney have conducted
requires public For always be at home whether previous research on information security
working or going to school, so that online awareness by introducing an assessment
shopping transactions on Shopee are easier prototype in three measurement dimensions,
Lots use ShopeePay . Very high public interest namely Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior , which
in use ShopeePay also has an impact on the are commonly used. called the KAB Model
case of prisoners who try break in ShopeePay , [11]. The KAB Model is one of the reference
users increased very rapidly by changing the for several previous studies on measuring
OTP (One Time Password) code [5][6]. In information security awareness [13]. In this
transact use ShopeePay , users must login first case, the information security awareness
to his Shopee account , which Shopee usually initiative has a primary focus on changing
will send a special password to the user's behavior . Guidance on understanding level
mobile number called OTP (One Time knowledge behavior will help to be most
Password) as a verification tool. Hacking mode effective in this change [14]. However,
ShopeePay through number mobile phone research related to measuring the level of
moment This is currently a hot topic on the information security awareness to use

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Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

ShopeePay in transacting on Shopee yet There transactions / month , domiciled in

is . This study aims to determine the level of Thailand and a range age 18-55 years .
security awareness in cyberspace by testing the 2. limitations : coverage geographical limited
level of user security when using method to urban areas by 83% of respondents from
payment ShopeePay in transacting on the Bangkok, and a margin of error of 6% at
Shopee application . This study uses the AHP the 95% confidence level for population
method, namely the Analytic Hierarchy user ShopeePay Thailand (~15 million ).
Process. AHP is an approach and method in Analytical hierarchy is used as data
decision making. Thomas L. Saaty is the processing in this study. The next step in AHP
person who developed this method by selecting is to create a hierarchical structure based on the
a number of the best alternatives that will be first objective. The first objective is to start the
evaluated based on predetermined criteria [15]. formation of this structure [17], [18]. Figure 1
Respondents who use ShopeePay in do is hierarchical structure of this research.
transactions on Shopee in study This is
majority user ShopeePay in Thailand.

II. METHODOLOGY

The instrument in this study was a

questionnaire. The questionnaire used
contained questions related to knowledge and
behavior carried out by respondents moment
use ShopeePay For transacting at Shope . The
Likert scale is used in answering questions
given to respondents [16]. The Likert scale in
this study uses 5 levels. Table 1 is the scale
Figure 1AHP Hierarchy Research
used in the questionnaire.
Table 1Likert Scale Stage First is make comparison matrix
Strongly Don't Hesitan Ag Strongly between the criteria, namely the KAB model
Disagree agree t ree agree with each alternative (HAIS-Q), namely the
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) predetermined focus area. In the weighting of
the criteria and alternatives obtained from the
The questionnaire created with the opinions of experts [19]. According to Kruger
Google Form platform uses random sampling and Kearney, each weight of the dimension
as its data collection technique. The sampling weighting in the KAB model is taken from
technique is carried out randomly with the previous research [11]. Table 2 shows the
assumption that the results with a percentage weighting for the dimensions of knowledge ,
of 80-100 have good values, for a percentage attitude and behavior .
of 60-79 have average values, and for a
percentage <59 have bad values [16]. Table 2Weighting of Each Dimension
Dimensions Heavy
Questionnaire opened with 4 questions
Knowledge 30%
regarding the characteristics of the Attitude 20%
respondents. Then continued with questions Behavior 50%
regarding the knowledge , attitude and
behavior models that have been applied to 7
Stage second is weighting on each
focus area variables totaling 51 questions .
dimensions in Table 2 with variable focus area
Validation test construct with loading factor >
weight , calculation is done based on the Eigen
0.7 with reliability Cronbach's alpha is 0.82.
values and the predetermined comparison
Selection sample done with stratified random
matrix. Source weight which is 70% of expert
sampling technique for ensure representation
security information (n=5) and 30% of Kruger
demographically balanced in the Bangkok area
and Kearney literature . Calculation process
and its surroundings , with consideration :
started from summation values in each column,
1. Criteria Inclusion : Users active
then divide the value of each column by the
ShopeePay with a minimum of 5
number of columns to obtain the normalization

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Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

of the matrix, and add up the values in each commonly referred to as the KAB model.
row by dividing them according to the number Each dimension is applied with 7 focus
of elements, then obtain the average. The areas based on HAIS-Q (Human Aspects of
comparison matrix of focus areas is obtained Information Security).
based on the results of interviews with experts 4. Developing the questionnaire: The
in the field of information security [20]. The questionnaire distributed to respondents had
results of the calculation of priority weights by 51 questions related to information security
calculating the eigenvalues of the comparison and was created on the Google forms
matrix are shown in Table 3. platform.
5. Distribution of questionnaires: Distribution
Table 3Focus Area Weight
of questionnaires was carried out using
Focus Area Weight
Password Management 17.36% random sampling techniques.
Mobile Devices 15.40% 6. Data processing and analysis: Data from the
Internet Usage 5.22% questionnaire will be processed and
Incident Reporting 13.62% analyzed to obtain the final results.
Email Usage 7.69% 7. Conclusion: At the end of the study, a
Use of Social Media 15.40% conclusion is given regarding the research
Information Handling 25.30% results and recommendations to increase
Total awareness for every 100% the information awareness of ShopeePay
dimension users in making transactions on Shopee .

The research steps can be seen in Figure III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
2 with the following details:
Respondents in this study is user
ShopeePay as method payment transaction
Shopee application in Thailand, especially at
Ban Buketamong School . A total of 250
respondents filled out the questionnaire that
was distributed. The questionnaire consisted of
4 questions regarding the characteristics of the
respondents consisting of age, gender,
occupation and last education and 51 questions
related to dimensions and focus areas. For each
dimension there are 17 questions in the
questionnaire. The demographics of the 250
respondents can be seen in table 4 below.
Table 4Respondent Demographics
Percentag
Criteria Goods e
Gender Woman 56.0%
Man 44.0%
Figure 2Research Steps Age <20 1.2%
1. Defining the problem and determining the 20-30 80.0%
desired solution, then designing a 31-40 16.0% of
hierarchical structure of the problems faced. >40 2.8%
The creator of this hierarchy is responsible last
for setting goals that reflect the overall education Senior High School 2.0% of
goals of the system.
Diploma 28.0%
2. Searching for literature studies: Searching
for literature studies used for research Bachelor 66.8%
purposes. Passed 1.2%
3. Determination of research variables: The Professio
variables in this study are the dimensions of n Student 10.0%
Knowledge , Attitude , Behavior which are Government employees 14.0% of

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Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

Private sector employee 58.0% of potential to require action so that each user can
Another 10.0% be more careful and care about the security of
their personal data information. Actions that
The results of data processing using the can be taken are not to include personal
AHP method on the questionnaires that have information on social media like number
been filled out by respondents can be seen in mobile phone , because matter This can be
table 5. Differences color on each component used as a mode of fraud by other parties by
parts indicate that the component receives taking transfer number mobile phone . (SIM
special attention to carry out an action. Card Swap) is used so that fraudsters can
Explanation color can seen in table 6 [11]. obtain the OTP number, then reset the user's
Table 5Information Security Awareness password, thus threatening account security
Measurement and high risk. theft balance ShopeePay from
Focus Areas Dimensions Total Shopee account .
English aware In dimension behavior There are 4 focus
A B areas with the lowest scores. These focus areas
:K ness
Password 80.36% 80.24% 81.55 80.93 are Email Usage, Internet Usage, Information
Management % % Handling, and Incident Reporting. In the
85.95% 87.62% 76.43 81.52 knowledge dimension, there is a focus area on
Email Usage % % Internet Usage which has a score of 76.67%,
Internet 76.67% 84.64% 80.36 80.11 this score is the lowest in the knowledge
Usage % % dimension. This category has an "average"
Information 87.62% 81.19% 79.29 82.17 value, where actions must be taken such as
Handling % %
Mobile 83.10% 80.71% 81.67 81.91
providing education to user ShopeePay about
Devices % % related transactions on Shopee with need
Use of 76.37% 79.12% 69.23 73.35 education about the risk of fraud through fake
Social % % websites, websites must be opened using a
Media VPN and offer various prizes. This can result
Incident 91.67% 83.10% 73.81 81.03 in theft of personal data or Shopee account
Reporting % % data which can result in damage to balance
Total 83.75% 81.56% 77.55 80.21 ShopeePay users by irresponsible parties.
consciousnes % % Dimensions behavior own focus areas
s with average scores of Email Usage,
(dimension)
Information Handling, and Incident Reporting
with scores of 76.43%, 79.29%, and 73.81%.
Table 6Information Security Awareness This shows that part user ShopeePay in
Criteria and Actions transacting on Shopee has habit enter related
Colo Score
Category Information personal data Shopee email account on the
r (%)
80- Satisfying, and
online site, still has the habit of storing
(Good) personal data around Shopee account on his
100 requires no action
Monitoring, and mobile phone by not providing any special
60-79 (average) potentially security protection on the phone. So that when
requiring action mobile phone opened by someone else, stolen,
Unsatisfactory and or lost, then the user will lost balance
0-59 (poor)
requires action ShopeePay Because allows the person to open
files containing personal data or other
According to the results attached in important information. Users should report if
Table 5, the total level of security awareness someone calls asking for an OTP code to take
information user ShopeePay to transactions on transfer ShopeePay .
Shopee show results of 80.21%. The score in To increase awareness of security
the results of this study is in the "good" information user ShopeePay on transactions on
(satisfactory) category so that no action is Shopee, then we recommend several things to
required. However, in the focus area of " social the e-commerce party, namely Shopee ,
media utilization " it has color yellow For third namely develop policy information security ,
dimensions with the lowest level of awareness improving technologies such as features
value of 73.35%, where this value has the security service ShopeePay which can used by

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Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

Shopee. Users like to do double authentication social media usage. Then for the attitude
via OTP message and email on the service. dimension that falls into the “average”
ShopeePay moment do transactions and when category, namely social media usage. Then For
the user logs in to Shopee application , then dimensions behaviors that include in “average”
application cannot be accessed if the user is categories are email usage, information
detected using an unsafe network or VPN, the handling, social media usage, and incident
password management feature with a reporting. These focus areas require
combination of uppercase, lowercase, and monitoring and potentially require action. The
numbers is made mandatory so that users are recommendations used are solutions to
forced to use passwords with this pattern, and increase user awareness application to security
requires users to periodically update their security information , with make policies for
passwords according to the specified time, the focus areas, the technology used must be
"auto logout" feature is used to prevent users adequate, adding features security on the
from opening the application on two devices, application like add system multi- factor
the notification feature is sent to users via short verification dynamic that is require biometric
message or on the application periodically as a verification for transactions , real-time security
reminder of the dangers that must be avoided nudges namely add notification contextual
and a guide to always comply with information moment user will share OTP, and do education
security. Recommendations addressed to users such as micro learning modules with give 3
regarding strengthening information security minutes about security medical social before
awareness are education, both through online do transactions and make simulation attack
communication media in the form of phishing via in-app messenger .
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

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JURNAL TEKNIK
INFORMATIKA
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Studi Kesadaran Pengguna Keamanan Digital ShopeePay Di Thailand

Ilman Gani Muis1, Editha Dewi Purnamasari2, Aisyah Nurmi3,

Fatma Suryani Harahap4, Saniran Dorloh5
1,2
Program Studi Teknologi Informasi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi
3
Program Studi Peternakan, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi
4
Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan
1,2,3,4
Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan
5
Sekolah Kebangsaan Buketamong
1.2,3,4
Kota Padang sidempuan, Provinsi Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
5
Daerah Cho-Airong, Provinsi Narathiwat, Thailand
Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ,
1
4
[email protected] , [email protected]
ABSTRAK

Kesadaran keamanan informasi merupakan aspek penting bagi pengguna

Artikel: dompet digital dalam e-commerce, terutama di tengah meningkatnya
Diterima: xxx xx, 20xx transaksi digital. Kemitraan ShopeePay dan dLocal pada tahun 2024
Direvisi: xxx xx, 20xx memperluas layanan pembayaran digital di Asia Tenggara, termasuk
Diterbitkan: xxx xx, 20xx Thailand, dengan jangkauan lebih dari 200 juta pengguna. Meskipun
uang tunai masih dominan di Thailand, adopsi dompet digital terus
* E-mail Korespondensi:
meningkat sebesar 35% antara tahun 2020 dan 2025, disertai dengan
[email protected] risiko penipuan siber. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif,
studi ini mengintegrasikan Model Pengetahuan-Sikap-Perilaku (KAB)
dan Proses Hirarki Analitik (AHP) untuk pengukuran yang komprehensif.
Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner terstruktur kepada 250
pengguna aktif ShopeePay di wilayah Bangkok, yang dipilih
menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Ukuran sampel ini memenuhi
perhitungan statistik dengan margin kesalahan 6% pada tingkat
kepercayaan 95% untuk populasi pengguna digital Thailand. Validitas
instrumen dijamin melalui uji reliabilitas Cronbach. Alpha (α=0,82).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran keamanan perangkat
seluler berada pada tingkat baik sebesar 80,21%, tetapi kesadaran aspek
media sosial masih hanya 58,4% rata-rata dan perlu ditingkatkan dalam
hal pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku. Temuan ini memberikan
rekomendasi praktis bagi Shopee dan pengguna untuk memperkuat
keamanan transaksi digital, seperti pendidikan yang lebih intensif dan
penerapan kebijakan keamanan yang lebih ketat. Penelitian ini
berkontribusi pada pemahaman kesadaran keamanan digital di antara
pengguna dompet digital dan strategi untuk meningkatkannya demi
ekosistem e-commerce yang lebih aman.

Kata Kunci: Penipuan Pembayaran Digital, Kesadaran Keamanan

Informasi, ShopeePay, Model KAB, E-Commerce Thailand

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Muis, Measuring the Level of Information Security Awareness…
Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

I. INTRODUCTION ShopeePay, pengguna harus login terlebih

dahulu ke akun Shopee miliknya, yang
Umumnya, pelanggan datang ke pusat biasanya Shopee akan mengirimkan password
perbelanjaan untuk melakukan transaksi. khusus ke nomor ponsel pengguna yang
Transaksi konvensional dianggap kurang disebut OTP (One Time Password) sebagai alat
efektif dan efisien sehingga membutuhkan verifikasi. Modus peretasan ShopeePay melalui
banyak waktu dalam melakukan transaksi, hal nomor ponsel saat ini sedang menjadi topik
ini kemudian mengarah pada penggunaan hangat di internet [5]. Keamanan informasi
layanan dalam transaksi daring. Pelanggan merupakan salah satu konsep teknologi
dapat melihat secara detail informasi apa yang komputasi yang terlibat dalam kehidupan.
akan dibeli dan disesuaikan dengan Dalam proses belanja online dan pendidikan
kebutuhannya, membandingkan harga, dan telah memanfaatkan teknologi [7].
dapat melakukan transaksi tanpa harus bertemu Maraknya berbagai jenis penipuan
langsung, proses ini disebut dengan terkait pembobolan ShopeePay menunjukkan
perdagangan elektronik [1]. pentingnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap
Selain itu, kemitraan strategis antara keamanan dalam penggunaannya. Berdasarkan
ShopeePay dan dLocal pada tahun 2024 telah survei Info Security Europe dalam Information
memperluas jangkauan layanan pembayaran Security Breaches Survey 2010 tentang jenis-
digital, memungkinkan akses ke lebih dari 200 jenis pelanggaran keamanan informasi,
juta pelanggan e-commerce baru di empat pelanggaran keamanan disebabkan oleh
negara Asia Tenggara, termasuk Thailand. manusia [8]. Hasil studi tentang rendahnya
Langkah ini tidak hanya memperluas basis kesadaran OTP (58,4%) konsisten dengan
pengguna ShopeePay tetapi juga memperkuat temuan Lim dkk. (2023) di Malaysia, namun
posisinya sebagai pemain utama dalam lebih buruk dibandingkan dengan Vietnam
ekosistem pembayaran digital regional. (67,1%) dalam studi Nguyen (2022).
Pertumbuhan ini sejalan dengan tren global, di Momen ini sangat penting untuk
mana e-commerce telah menggeser pola membangun tingkat kesadaran keamanan demi
transaksi konvensional menuju pembayaran keberlangsungan organisasi. Melindungi data,
digital yang menawarkan efisiensi dan rekayasa sosial, kata sandi, pengetahuan
kemudahan. Di Thailand, meskipun transaksi tentang kebijakan, penggunaan peralatan
tunai masih mendominasi sebesar 67% pada pribadi, penggunaan jaringan menjadi standar
tahun 2023, adopsi dompet digital dalam upaya tersebut [9]. Manusia merupakan
menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang signifikan mata rantai terlemah dalam keamanan
sebesar 35% CAGR 2020-2025. Tren ini informasi karena sifat dasar manusia yaitu
konsisten dengan laporan Bank of Thailand memberikan bantuan dan layanan kepada yang
(2023) yang mencatat peningkatan 142% membutuhkan. Hal ini dapat menarik perhatian
dalam volume transaksi digital pasca-pandemi, sebagian orang untuk mengeksploitasinya dan
hal ini didorong oleh keamanan, kemudahan, dapat merusak data [10]. Dalam kajian
dan aksesibilitas yang mereka tawarkan [2][3] psikologi sosial tentang ketidaksukaan
[4]. seseorang terhadap suatu objek dengan tiga hal
Peningkatan penggunaan ShopeePay yang mempengaruhinya yaitu afek, perilaku,
untuk bertransaksi di Shopee juga terjadi di kognisi [11]. Dalam mencegah penipuan,
tengah pandemi virus corona (COVID-19) pencurian data pengguna, ataupun pencurian
akibat Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar ShopeePay dilakukan dengan metode
(PSBB) ini mengharuskan masyarakat untuk peningkatan kesadaran akan pentingnya
selalu berada di rumah baik bekerja maupun menjaga keamanan informasi. Oleh karena itu,
bersekolah, sehingga transaksi belanja online diperlukan penelitian untuk mengukur tingkat
di Shopee menjadi lebih mudah. Banyak yang kesadaran masyarakat dalam keamanan
menggunakan ShopeePay. Minat masyarakat informasi sehingga dapat diketahui hal-hal apa
yang sangat tinggi dalam menggunakan saja yang perlu ditingkatkan dalam lingkup
ShopeePay juga berdampak pada kasus oknum keamanan informasi [12].
yang mencoba membobol ShopeePay, Kruger dan Kearney telah melakukan
pengguna meningkat sangat pesat dengan penelitian terdahulu tentang kesadaran
mengganti kode OTP (One Time Password) [5] keamanan informasi dengan memperkenalkan
[6]. Dalam bertransaksi menggunakan prototipe penilaian dalam tiga dimensi

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Muis, Measurement of Level of Consciousness Security Information …
Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

pengukuran, yaitu Pengetahuan, Sikap, dilakukan secara acak dengan asumsi hasil
Perilaku, yang umum digunakan. yang disebut dengan persentase 80-100 memiliki nilai baik,
Model KAB [11]. Model KAB menjadi salah untuk persentase 60-79 memiliki nilai rata-rata,
satu acuan bagi beberapa penelitian terdahulu dan untuk persentase <59 memiliki nilai buruk
tentang pengukuran kesadaran keamanan [16]. Kuesioner dibuka dengan 4 pertanyaan
informasi [13]. Dalam hal ini, inisiatif mengenai karakteristik responden. Kemudian
kesadaran keamanan informasi memiliki fokus dilanjutkan dengan pertanyaan mengenai
utama pada perubahan perilaku. Bimbingan model pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku yang
tentang pemahaman tingkat pengetahuan telah diterapkan pada 7 variabel area fokus
perilaku akan membantu untuk menjadi paling yang berjumlah 51 pertanyaan. Uji validasi
efektif dalam perubahan ini [14]. Namun, konstruk dengan faktor pemuatan > 0,7 dengan
penelitian terkait pengukuran tingkat kesadaran reliabilitas Cronbach's alpha sebesar 0,82.
keamanan informasi untuk menggunakan Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik
ShopeePay dalam bertransaksi di Shopee stratified random sampling untuk memastikan
belum ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk representasi demografis yang seimbang di
mengetahui tingkat kesadaran keamanan di wilayah Bangkok dan sekitarnya, dengan
dunia maya dengan menguji tingkat keamanan pertimbangan :
pengguna saat menggunakan metode 1. Kriteria Inklusi: Pengguna aktif ShopeePay
pembayaran ShopeePay dalam bertransaksi di dengan minimal 5 transaksi / bulan,
aplikasi Shopee. Penelitian ini menggunakan berdomisili di Thailand dan rentang usia
metode AHP, yaitu Analytic Hierarchy 18-55 tahun.
Process. AHP merupakan suatu pendekatan 2. Keterbatasan: cakupan geografis terbatas
dan metode dalam pengambilan keputusan. pada wilayah perkotaan oleh 83%
Thomas L. Saaty merupakan orang yang responden dari Bangkok, dan margin
mengembangkan metode ini dengan memilih kesalahan 6% pada tingkat kepercayaan
sejumlah alternatif terbaik yang akan 95% untuk populasi pengguna ShopeePay
dievaluasi berdasarkan kriteria yang telah Thailand (~15 juta).
ditentukan [15]. Responden yang Hirarki analitis digunakan sebagai
menggunakan ShopeePay untuk bertransaksi di pemrosesan data dalam penelitian ini.
Shopee dalam penelitian ini adalah mayoritas Langkah selanjutnya dalam AHP adalah
pengguna ShopeePay di Thailand. membuat struktur hierarki berdasarkan
tujuan pertama. Tujuan pertama adalah
II. METODOLOGI memulai pembentukan struktur ini [17],
[18].
Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah Gambar 1 adalah struktur hierarki
kuesioner. Kuesioner yang digunakan penelitian ini.
Kuesioner berisi pertanyaan-pertanyaan terkait
pengetahuan dan perilaku yang dilakukan
responden saat menggunakan ShopeePay untuk
bertransaksi di Shope. Skala Likert digunakan
dalam menjawab pertanyaan yang diberikan
kepada responden [16]. Skala Likert dalam
penelitian ini menggunakan 5 level. Tabel 1
merupakan skala yang digunakan dalam
kuesioner.
Tabel 7 Skala Likert
Sangat Tidak Ragu- Set Sangat
Tidak Setuju ragu uju Setuju
Setuju
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Gambar 3 Penelitian Hirarki AHP

Kuesioner yang dibuat dengan platform Tahap Pertama adalah membuat matriks
Google Form ini menggunakan teknik perbandingan antara kriteria, yaitu model KAB
pengambilan sampel secara acak (random dengan setiap alternatif (HAIS-Q), yaitu area
sampling). Teknik pengambilan sampel fokus yang telah ditentukan. Dalam

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Muis, Measuring the Level of Information Security Awareness…
Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

pembobotan kriteria dan alternatif diperoleh

dari pendapat para ahli [19]. Menurut Kruger
dan Kearney, bobot setiap dimensi
pembobotan dalam model KAB diambil dari
penelitian sebelumnya [11]. Tabel 2
menunjukkan pembobotan untuk dimensi
pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku.
Tabel 8 Pembobotan Setiap Dimensi
Dimensi Persen
Pengetahuan 30%
Sikap 20%
Perilaku 50%

Tahap kedua adalah pembobotan pada

masing-masing dimensi pada Tabel 2 dengan
bobot variabel area fokus, perhitungan
dilakukan berdasarkan nilai Eigen dan matrik
perbandingan yang telah ditentukan. Bobot
sumber yaitu 70% informasi keamanan pakar Gambar 4 Langkah Penelitian
(n=5) dan 30% literatur Kruger dan Kearney.
Proses perhitungan dimulai dari penjumlahan 1. Mendefinisikan masalah dan menentukan
nilai pada masing-masing kolom, kemudian solusi yang diinginkan, kemudian
nilai pada masing-masing kolom dibagi dengan merancang struktur hierarki masalah yang
jumlah kolom untuk memperoleh matriks dihadapi. Pembuat hierarki ini bertanggung
normalisasi, dan menjumlahkan nilai pada jawab untuk menetapkan tujuan yang
masing-masing baris dengan membaginya mencerminkan tujuan keseluruhan sistem.
sesuai dengan jumlah elemen, kemudian 2. Pencarian studi literatur: Mencari studi
memperoleh rata-ratanya. Matriks literatur yang digunakan untuk tujuan
perbandingan area fokus diperoleh berdasarkan penelitian.
hasil wawancara dengan pakar di bidang 3. Penentuan variabel penelitian: Variabel
keamanan informasi [20]. Hasil perhitungan dalam penelitian ini adalah dimensi
bobot prioritas dengan menghitung nilai eigen Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku yang
dari matriks perbandingan ditunjukkan pada umumnya disebut sebagai model KAB.
Tabel 3. Setiap dimensi diterapkan dengan 7 area
fokus berdasarkan HAIS-Q (Aspek
Tabel 9 Berat Area Fokus Manusia dalam Keamanan Informasi).
Berat Area Fokus 4. Pengembangan Kuesioner: Kuesioner yang
Manajemen Kata Sandi 17.36% dibagikan kepada responden memiliki 51
Perangkat Seluler 15.40%
pertanyaan terkait keamanan informasi dan
Penggunaan Internet 5.22%
Pelaporan Insiden 13.62%
dibuat pada platform Google Forms..
Pengguna Email 7.69% 5. Pembagian kuesioner: Pembagian
Penggunaan Sosial Media 15.40% kuesioner dilakukan dengan teknik random
Penanganan Informasi 25.30% sampling.
kesadaran total untuk 100% 6. Pengolahan dan analisis data: Data dari
setiap dimensi kuesioner akan diolah dan dianalisis untuk
mendapatkan hasil akhir.
Langkah-langkah penelitian dapat 7. Kesimpulan: Pada akhir penelitian
dilihat pada Gambar 2 dengan rincian sebagai diberikan kesimpulan mengenai hasil
berikut: penelitian dan rekomendasi untuk
meningkatkan kesadaran informasi
pengguna ShopeePay dalam melakukan
transaksi di Shopee.

III. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN

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Muis, Measurement of Level of Consciousness Security Information …
Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah Penanganan 87.62% 81.19% 79.29 82.17
pengguna ShopeePay sebagai metode Informasi % %
pembayaran transaksi aplikasi Shopee di Perangkat 83.10% 80.71% 81.67 81.91
Thailand, khususnya di Sekolah Ban Seluler % %
Pengguna 76.37% 79.12% 69.23 73.35
Buketamong. Sebanyak 250 responden
Sosial Media % %
mengisi kuesioner yang telah dibagikan. Pelaporan 91.67% 83.10% 73.81 81.03
Kuesioner terdiri dari 4 pertanyaan mengenai Insiden % %
karakteristik responden yang meliputi usia, Kesadaran 83.75% 81.56% 77.55 80.21
jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, dan pendidikan total % %
terakhir, serta 51 pertanyaan terkait dimensi (dimensi)
dan area fokus. Untuk setiap dimensi, terdapat
17 pertanyaan dalam kuesioner. Demografi Tabel 12 Kriteria dan Tindakan Kesadaran
250 responden dapat dilihat pada tabel 4 di Keamanan Informasi
bawah ini. Warn Skor
Kategori Informasi
a (%)
Tabel 10 Demografi Responden
Memuaskan, dan
Percentag membutuhkan
Kriteria Detail Unit e 80-
(Bagus) tindakan
Jenis 100
memantau
Kelamin Perempuan 56.0%
Laki-laki 44.0% Berpotensi
Umur <20 1.2% (Menenga memerlukan
60-79
h) tindakan
20-30 80.0%
31-40 16.0% of Tidak memuaskan
>40 2.8% 0-59 (Buruk) dan memerlukan
Pendidika Sekolah Menengah tindakan
n Terakhir Atas 2.0% of
Berdasarkan hasil yang terlampir pada
Diploma 28.0%
Tabel 5, total tingkat kesadaran keamanan
Sarjana 66.8% informasi pengguna ShopeePay terhadap
Lulus 1.2% transaksi di Shopee menunjukkan hasil sebesar
Profesi Pelajar 10.0% 80,21%. Skor pada hasil penelitian ini berada
Pegawai Pemerintah 14.0% of pada kategori "baik" (memuaskan) sehingga
Pegawai Swasta 58.0% of tidak diperlukan tindakan. Namun, pada area
Lainnya 10.0% fokus "pemanfaatan media sosial" memiliki
warna kuning untuk dimensi ketiga dengan
Hasil pengolahan data menggunakan nilai tingkat kesadaran terendah sebesar
metode AHP pada kuesioner yang telah diisi 73,35%, dimana nilai ini berpotensi
oleh responden dapat dilihat pada tabel 5. memerlukan tindakan agar setiap pengguna
Perbedaan warna pada setiap bagian komponen dapat lebih berhati-hati dan peduli terhadap
menunjukkan bahwa komponen tersebut keamanan informasi data pribadinya. Tindakan
menerima perhatian khusus untuk melakukan yang dapat dilakukan adalah tidak
suatu tindakan. Penjelasan warna dapat dilihat mencantumkan informasi pribadi di media
pada tabel 6 [11]. sosial seperti nomor telepon seluler, karena hal
ini dapat digunakan sebagai modus penipuan
Tabel 11 Pengukuran Kesadaran Keamanan oleh pihak lain dengan melakukan transfer
Informasi nomor telepon seluler. (SIM Card Swap)
Area Dimen Kesad
digunakan agar penipu dapat memperoleh
K Fokus si aran
Total nomor OTP, kemudian mereset kata sandi
Manajemen 80.36% 80.24% 81.55 80.93 pengguna, sehingga mengancam keamanan
Kata Sandi % % akun dan berisiko tinggi. pencurian saldo
Pengguna 85.95% 87.62% 76.43 81.52 ShopeePay dari akun Shopee.
Email % % Pada dimensi perilaku terdapat 4 area
Pengguna 76.67% 84.64% 80.36 80.11 fokus dengan skor terendah. Area fokus
Internet % % tersebut adalah Penggunaan Email,

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Muis, Measuring the Level of Information Security Awareness…
Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

Penggunaan Internet, Penanganan Informasi, dibuat wajib sehingga pengguna terpaksa

dan Pelaporan Insiden. Pada dimensi menggunakan kata sandi dengan pola ini, dan
pengetahuan, terdapat area fokus pada mengharuskan pengguna memperbarui kata
Penggunaan Internet yang memiliki skor sandi secara berkala sesuai dengan waktu yang
sebesar 76,67%, skor ini merupakan skor ditentukan, fitur "logout otomatis" digunakan
terendah pada dimensi pengetahuan. Kategori untuk mencegah pengguna membuka aplikasi
ini memiliki nilai “rata-rata”, dimana tindakan di dua perangkat, fitur notifikasi dikirimkan
yang harus dilakukan seperti memberikan kepada pengguna melalui pesan singkat atau
edukasi kepada pengguna ShopeePay pada aplikasi secara berkala sebagai pengingat
mengenai transaksi terkait di Shopee dengan akan bahaya yang harus dihindari dan panduan
perlunya edukasi mengenai risiko penipuan untuk selalu mematuhi keamanan informasi.
melalui situs web palsu, situs web harus dibuka Rekomendasi yang ditujukan kepada pengguna
menggunakan VPN dan menawarkan berbagai mengenai penguatan kesadaran keamanan
hadiah. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan pencurian informasi adalah edukasi, baik melalui media
data pribadi atau data akun Shopee yang dapat komunikasi daring berupa video interaktif,
mengakibatkan kerusakan saldo pengguna seminar daring, dan media sosial, maupun
ShopeePay oleh pihak yang tidak bertanggung melalui media komunikasi konvensional
jawab. berupa pelatihan dan seminar dengan tempat
Dimensi perilaku memiliki area fokus yang ditentukan oleh penyelenggara. Terutama
dengan skor rata-rata Penggunaan Email, untuk dimensi dan area fokus yang masih
Penanganan Informasi, dan Pelaporan Insiden dalam nilai "rata-rata" dengan memerlukan
dengan skor 76,43%, 79,29%, dan 73,81%. Hal pengawasan agar dapat ditingkatkan ke
ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian pengguna kategori memuaskan, sehingga tidak
ShopeePay dalam bertransaksi di Shopee diperlukan tindakan atau pemantauan dari
memiliki kebiasaan memasukkan data pribadi pengguna.
terkait akun email Shopee di situs online,
masih memiliki kebiasaan menyimpan data IV. KESIMPULAN
pribadi seputar akun Shopee di ponselnya
dengan tidak memberikan perlindungan Penelitian ini digunakan untuk
keamanan khusus pada ponsel tersebut. mengukur kesadaran keamanan informasi
Sehingga ketika ponsel dibuka oleh orang lain, pengguna ShopeePay terhadap transaksi di
dicuri, atau hilang, maka pengguna akan Shopee dengan menggunakan Knowledge-
kehilangan saldo ShopeePay karena Attitude- Behavioral (KAB) Model. Penelitian
memungkinkan orang tersebut untuk membuka ini menggunakan metode Analytic Hierarchy
file yang berisi data pribadi atau informasi Process dalam mengolah data dari kuesioner.
penting lainnya. Pengguna harus melaporkan Penelitian ini menyebarkan kuesioner yang
jika ada yang menelepon meminta kode OTP diberikan kepada 250 responden pengguna
untuk melakukan transfer ShopeePay. ShopeePay dalam bertransaksi di Shopee
Untuk meningkatkan kesadaran Thailand. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan
pengguna ShopeePay akan keamanan bahwa tingkat kesadaran keamanan informasi
informasi dalam bertransaksi di Shopee, kami pengguna ShopeePay Thailand secara
merekomendasikan beberapa hal kepada pihak keseluruhan berada pada kategori Baik atau
e-commerce, khususnya Shopee, yaitu memuaskan yaitu sebesar 80,21% sehingga
mengembangkan kebijakan keamanan tidak perlu dilakukan tindakan, namun terdapat
informasi dan meningkatkan teknologi seperti kerentanan kritis yaitu dalam memahami
fitur keamanan layanan ShopeePay yang dapat keamanan digital khususnya penggunaan
digunakan oleh Shopee. Pengguna disarankan internet dan media sosial hanya mencapai
untuk melakukan autentikasi ganda melalui 58,4%, sedangkan praktik keamanan email dan
pesan OTP dan email pada layanan tersebut. penanganan informasi berada pada di bawah
Saat ShopeePay melakukan transaksi dan standar yaitu sebesar 63,7%. Terdapat
pengguna masuk ke aplikasi Shopee, aplikasi beberapa area fokus pada dimensi pengetahuan
tidak dapat diakses jika terdeteksi yang masuk dalam kategori “rata-rata” yaitu
menggunakan jaringan atau VPN yang tidak penggunaan internet dan penggunaan media
aman, Fitur manajemen kata sandi dengan sosial. Kemudian untuk dimensi sikap yang
kombinasi huruf besar, huruf kecil, dan angka masuk dalam kategori “rata-rata”, Bahasa

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Muis, Measurement of Level of Consciousness Security Information …
 Journal of Informatics Engineering Vol. 1 5 No. 1, April 2022
ISSN: p-ISSN 1979-9160 (Print)| e-ISSN 2549-7901 (Online)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10I2.(article id)

Indonesia: yaitu penggunaan media sosial. [5] SMJ Times, “Waspada Modus Penipuan
Kemudian untuk dimensi perilaku yang Shopee Pay, Jangan Bocorkan Kode OTP.”
termasuk dalam kategori "rata-rata" adalah [Online]. Available:
penggunaan email, penanganan informasi, https://smjtimes.com/2020/09/28/waspada-
penggunaan media sosial, dan pelaporan modus-penipuan-shopee-pay-jangan-bocorkan-
insiden. Area fokus ini memerlukan kode-otp/
pemantauan dan berpotensi memerlukan [6] A. Tsohou, M. Karyda, and S. Kokolakis,
tindakan. Rekomendasi yang digunakan adalah “Analyzing the role of cognitive and cultural
solusi untuk meningkatkan aplikasi kesadaran biases in the internalization of information
pengguna terhadap keamanan informasi security policies: Recommendations for
keamanan, dengan membuat kebijakan untuk information security awareness programs,”
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