Oxford Handbook of Clinical Dentistry 7th
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Oxford Handbook of Clinical Dentistry 7th Edition by Bethany
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provision shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than $5,000. ( e)
The Committee shall be entitled to the free use of the United Stales
mails in the same manner as the other executive agencies of the
Government. Sec. 10. (a) The Committee shall from time to time
submit a report on its findings and recommendations to the
President for submission to the Congress. At the earliest possible
moment, the Committee shall submit a report to the President for
submission to the Congress on the advisability of the Federal
Government regulating, by means of licenses or otherwise, those
who attempt to engage in activities designed to modify or control
the weather. The Committee shall submit a final report to the
President for submission to the Congress not. later than June 30,
1056. (b) Thirty days after the Committee has submitted such final
report to the President, the Committee shall cease to exist. Sec 11.
There are authorized to be appropriated, from any funds in the
Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as the Congress
may from time to time deem necessary to carry out the provisions of
this Act. Approved August 13, 1953. July o. inse [8. 29131 15 USC
811 note. Public Law 661— Chapter 522 AN ACT To oxtend for two
years the Advisory Committee on Weather Control. Be it enacted hi/
the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled. That section 10 1 a I of the Act
entitled "An Act to create a committee to study and evaluate public
and private experiments in weather modification", approved August
13. 1953 (67 Stat. 551). 561). is anieuded by striking out ''.June 30,
1056" and inserting in lieu thereof "June 30, 1058". Approved July 9,
1956.
649 Public Law 85-510 AX ACT To amend the National
Science Foundation Act of 1950, to pro- fH1^,*}' 195S vide for a
program of study, research, and evaluation in the field of kE: bbi
weather modification. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of America in Congress
assembled, That subsection (a) of section 3 of the National Science
Foundation Act of 1950. as amended, is amended by striking out
"and" at the end of paragraph (7), by striking out the period at the
end of paragraph (8) and inserting in lieu thereof a semicolon, and
by adding after paragraph (8) the following new paragraph: "(9) to
initiate and support a program of study, research, and evaluation in
the held of weather modification, giving particular attention to areas
that have experienced floods, drought, hail, lightning, fog,
tornadoes, hurricanes, or other weather phenomena, and to report
annually to the President and the Congress thereon." Sec. 2. The
National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended, is amended
by changing the designations of sections 14, 15, and 16 (and all
reference to such sections in any provision of law) to 15, 16, and 17,
respectively, and by inserting after section 13 the following section :
"weather modification "Sec. 14. (a) In carrying out the provisions of
paragraph (9) of section 3 (a), the Foundation shall consult with
meteorologists and scientists in private life and with agencies of
Government interested in, or affected by, experimental research in
the field of weather control. "(b) Research programs to carry out the
purposes of such paragraph (9), whether conducted by the
Foundation or by other Government agencies or departments, may
be accomplished through contracts with, or grants to, private or
public institutions or agencies, including but not limited to
cooperative programs with any State through such instrumentalities
as may be designated by the governor of such State. "(c) For the
purposes of such paragraph (9), the Foundation is authorized to
accept as a gift, money, material, or services : Provided, That
notwithstanding section 11(f), use of any such gift, if the donor so
specifies, may be restricted or limited to certain projects or areas. "
(d) For the purposes of such paragraph (9), other agencies of the
Government are authorized to loan to the Foundation without
reimbursement, and the Foundation is authorized to accept and
make use of, such property and personnel as may be deemed useful,
with the approval of the Director of the Bureau of the Budget. "(e)
The Director of the Foundation, or any employee of the Foundation
designated by him, may for the purpose of carrying out the
provisions of such paragraph (9) hold such hearings and sit and act
at such times and places and take such testimony as he shall deem
advisable. The Director or any employee of the Foundation
designated by him may administer oaths or affirmations to witnesses
appearing before the Director or such employee. "(f) (1) The
Director of the Foundation may obtain by regulation, subpena, or
otherwise such information in the form of testimony, books, records,
or other writings, may require the keeping of and furnishing such
reports and records, and may make such inspections of the books,
records, and other writings and premises or property of any person
or persons as may be deemed necessary or appropriate by him to
carry out the provisions of such paragraph (9), but this authority
shall not be exercised if adequate and authoritative data are
available from any Federal agency. In case of contumacy by, or
refusal to obey a subpena served upon, any person referred to in
this subsection, National Science Foundation. Weather modification.
Research. 64 Stat. 149. 42 USC 1862. Reports. 64 Stat. 134. 42 USC
1S73-75. Research contracts. Gifts. 42 USC 1S70. Loan of property,
etc. Hearings. Documentary evidence.
650 Violation and penalty. G2 Stat. 791. Weather
modification reporting. 85 STAT. 735 85 STAT. 736 Report
requirement. the district court of the United States for any district in
which such person is found or resides or transacts business, upon
application by the Director, shall have jurisdiction to issue an order
requiring such person to appear and give testimony or to appear and
produce documents, or both ; and any failure to obey such order of
the court may be punished by such court as a contempt thereof. "(2)
The production of a person's books, records, or other documentary
evidence shall not be required at any place other than the place
where such person usually keeps them, if, prior to the return date
specified in the regulations, subpena, or other document issued with
respect thereto, such person furnishes the Foundation with a true
copy of such books, records, or other documentary evidence
(certified by such person under oath to be a true and correct copy)
or enters into a stipulation with the Director as to the information
contained in such books, records, or other documentary evidence.
Witnesses shall be paid the same fees and mileage that are paid
witnesses in the courts of the United States. "(3) Any person who
willfully performs any act prohibited or willfully fails to perform any
act required by the above provisions of this subsection, or any
regulation issued thereunder, shall upon conviction be fined not
more than $500. "(4) Information contained in any statement,
report, record, or other document furnished pursuant to this
subsection shall be available for public inspection, except (A)
information authorized or required by statute to be withheld and (B)
information classified in accordance with law to protect the national
security. The foregoing sentence shall not be interpreted to authorize
or require the publication, divulging, or disclosure of any information
described in section 1905 of title 18 of the United States Code,
except that the Director may disclose information described in such
section 1905, furnished pursuant to this subsection, whenever he
determines that the withholding thereof would be contrary to the
purposes of this section and section 3(a) (9) of this Act." Approved
July 11, 1958. Public Law 92-205— 92nd Congress, H.R. 6893
December 18, 1971 AX ACT To provide for the reporting of weather
modification activities to the Federal Government. Be it enacted by
the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That, as used in this Act— (1) The
term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Commerce. (2) The term
"person" means any individual, corporation, company, association,
firm, partnership, society, joint stock company, any State or local
government or any agency thereof, or any other organization,
whether commercial or nonprofit, who is performing weather
modification activities, except where acting solely as an employee,
agent, or independent contractor of the Federal Government. (3)
The term "weather modification" means any activity performed with
the intention of producing artificial changes in the composition,
behavior, or dynamics of the atmosphere. (4) The term "United
States" includes the several States, the District of Columbia, the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any territory or insular
possession of the United States. Sec. 2. No person may engage, or
attempt to engage, in any weather modification activity in the United
States unless he submits to the Secretary such reports with respect
thereto, in such form and containing such information, as the
Secretary may by
651 rule prescribe. The Secretary may require that such
reports be submitted to him before, during, aud after any such
activity or attempt. Sec. 3. (a) The Secretary shall maintain a record
of weather modification activities, including attempts, which take
place in the United States and shall publish summaries thereof from
time to time as he determines. (b) All reports, documents, and other
information received by the Secretary under the provisions of this
Act shall be made available to the public to the fullest practicable
extent. (c) In carrying out the provisions of this section, the
Secretary shall not disclose any information referred to in section
1905 of title 18, United States Code, and is otherwise unavailable to
the public, except that such information shall be disclosed — (1) to
other Federal Government departments, agencies, and officials for
official use upon request ; (2) in any judicial proceeding under a
court order formulated to preserve the confidentiality of such
information without impairing the proceeding ; and (3) to the public
if necessary to protect their health and safety. Sec. 4. (a) The
Secretary may obtain from any person whose activities relate to
weather modification by rule, subpena, or otherwise such
information in the form of testimony, books, records, or other
writings, may require the keeping and furnishing of such reports and
records, and may make such inspection of the books, records, and
other writings and premises and property of any person as may be
deemed necessary or appropriate by him to carry out the provisions
of this Act, but this authority shall not be exercised to obtain any
information with respect to which adequate and authoritative data
are available from any Federal agency. (b) In case of contumacy by,
or refusal to obey a subpena served upon any person pursuant to
this section, the district court of the United States for any district in
which such person is found or resides or transacts business, upon
application by the Attorney General, shall have jurisdiction to issue
an order requiring such person to appear and give testimony or to
appear and produce documents, or both ; and any failure to obey
such order of the court may be punished by such court as a
contempt thereof. Sec. 5. Any person who knowingly and willfully
violates section 2 of this Act, or any rule issued thereunder, shall
upon conviction thereof be fined not more than $10,000. Sec 6.
There are authorized to be appropriated $150,000 for the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1972, and $200,000 each for the fiscal years ending
June 30, 1973, and June 30, 1974, to carry out the provisions of this
Act. Approved December 18, 1971. Records, publication. Confidential
information. 62 Stat. 791. Authority of Secretary. Noncompliance.
Penalty. Appropriation* Public Law 93-436— 93rd Congress, S. 3320
October 5, 1974 AN ACT To extend the appropriation authorization
for reporting of weather modification activities. Be it enacted by the
Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That section 6 of the Act entitled
"An Act to provide for the reporting of weather modification activities
to the Federal Government", approved December 18. 1971 (15
U.S.C. 330e), is amended by striking out "ending June 30, 1973, and
June 30, 1974," and inserting in lieu thereof "1973, 1974, 1975,
1976, and 1977,". Approved October 5, 1974. 88 Stat. 1212 Weather
modification reporting. Appropriation, extension.
652 Oct. 13, 1076 [S. 3383] National Weather Modification
Policy Act of 1976. 1 5 USC 330 note. 15 I'SC 330 note. Policy.
Research and development program. 15 DSC 330 note. Public Law
94-490— 94th Congress October 13, 1976 AN ACT To authorize and
direct the Secretary of Commerce to develop a national policy on
weather modification, and tor other purposes. Be it enacted by the
Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the
"National Weather Modification Policy Act of 1976". SEC. 2.
DECLARATION OF POLICY. (a) Findings. — The Congress finds and
declares the following: (1) Weather-related disasters and hazards,
including drought, hurricanes, tornadoes, hail, lightning, fog. floods,
and frost, result in substantial human suffering and loss of life,
billions of dollars of annual economic losses to owners of crops and
other property, and substantial financial loss to the United States
Treasury ; (2) Weather modification technology has significant
potential for preventing, diverting, moderating, or ameliorating the
adverse effects of such disasters and hazards and enhancing crop
production and the availability of water ; (3) The interstate nature of
climatic and related phenomena, the severe economic hardships
experienced as the result of occasional drought and other adverse
meteorological conditions, and the existing role and responsibilities
of the Federal Government with respect to disaster relief, require
appropriate Federal action to prevent or alleviate such disasters and
hazards ; and (4) Weather modification programs may have long-
range and unexpected effects on existing climatic patterns which are
not confined by national boundaries. (b) Purpose. — It is therefore
declared to be the purpose of the Congress in this Act to develop a
comprehensive and coordinated national weather modification policy
and a national program of weather modification research and
development — (1) to determine the means by which deliberate
weather modification can be used at the present time to decrease
the adverse impact of weather on agriculture, economic growth, and
the general public welfare, and to determine the potential for
weather modification ; (2) to conduct research into those scientific
areas considered most likely to lead to practical techniques for
drought prevention, or alleviation and other forms of deliberate
weather modification : (3) to develop practical methods and devices
for weather modification : (4) to make weather modification
research findings available to interested parties ; (5) to assess the
economic, social, environmental, and legal impact of an operational
weather modification program ; (6) to develop both national and
international mechanisms designed to minimize conflicts which may
arise with respect to the peaceful uses of weather modification ; and
(7) to integrate the results of existing experience and studies in
weather modification activities into model codes and agreements for
regulation of domestic and international weather modification
activities. SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. As used in this Art : (1) The term
''Secretary" means the Secretary of Commerce. (2) The term "State"
means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, or
any Commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.
653 (3) The term "weather modification" means any activity
performed with the intention and expectation of producing changes
in precipitation, wind, fog, lightning, and other atmospheric
phenomena. SEC. 4. STUDY. The Secretary shall conduct a
comprehensive investigation and 15 use 330 study of the state of
scientific knowledge concerning weather note, modification, the
present state of development of weather modification technology,
the problems impeding effective implementation of weather
modification technology, and other related matters. Such study shall
include — ,(1) a review and analysis of the present and past
research efforts to establish practical weather modification
technology, particularly as it relates to reducing loss of life and crop
and property destruction ; (2) a review and analysis of research
needs in weather modification to establish areas in which more
research could be expected to yield the greatest return in terms of
practical weather modification technology ; (3) a review and analysis
of existing studies to establish the probable economic importance to
the United States in terms of agricultural production, energy, and
related economic factors if the present weather modification
technology were to be effectively implemented ; (4) an assessment
of the legal, social, and ecological implications of expanded and
effective research and operational weather modification projects ;
(5) formulation of one or more options for a model regulatory code
for domestic weather modification activities, such code to be based
on a review and analysis of experience and studies in this area, and
to be adaptable to State and national needs ; (6) recommendations
concerning legislation desirable at all levels of government to
implement a national weather modification policy and program ; (7)
a review of the international importance and implications of weather
modification activities by the United States ; (8) a review and
analysis of present and past funding for weather modification from
all sources to determine the sources and adequacy of funding in the
light of the needs of the Nation ; (9) a review and analysis of the
purpose, policy, methods, and funding of the Federal departments
and agencies involved in weather modification and of the existing
interagency coordination of weather modification research efforts ;
(10) a review and analysis of the necessity and feasibility of
negotiating an international agreement concerning the peaceful uses
of weather modification ; and (11) formulation of one or more
options for a model international agreement concerning the peaceful
uses of weather modification and the regulation of national weather
modification activities ; and a review and analysis of the necessity
and feasibility of negotiating such an agreement. SEC. 5. REPORT.
(a) In General. — The Secretary shall prepare and submit to the
President and the Congress, within 1 year after the date of
enactment of this Act, a final report on the findings, conclusions, and
recommendations of the study conducted pursuant to section 4.
Such report shall include : (1) a summary of the findings made with
respect to each of the areas of investigation specified in section 4 ;
(2) other findings which are pertinent to the determination and
implementation of a national policy on weather modifications ;
Submittal to President and Congress. 15 USC 330 note. 34-857 0 -
79 - 44
654 (3) a recommended national policy on weather
modification and a recommended national weather modification
research and development program which is consistent with, and
likely to contribute to, achieving the objectives of such policy ; (4)
recommendations for levels of Federal funding sufficient to support
adequately a national weather modification research and
development program ; (5) recommendations for any changes in the
organization and involvement of Federal departments and agencies
in weather modification which may be needed to implement
effectively the recommended national policy on weather modification
and the recommended research and development program ; and (6)
recommendations for any regulatory and other legislation which may
be required to implement such policy and program or for any
international agreement which may be appropriate concerning the
peaceful uses of weather modification, including recommendations
concerning the dissemination, refinement, and possible
implementation of the model domestic code and international
agreement developed under the specifications of section 4.
Cooperation. Each department, agency, and other instrumentality of
the Federal Government is authorized and directed to furnish the
Secretary any information which the Secretary deems necessary to
carry out his functions under this Act. (b) Operation and Consulation.
— The Secretary shall solicit and consider the views of State
agencies, private firms, institutions of higher learning, and other
interested persons and governmental entities in the conduct of the
study required by section 4, and in the preparation of the report
required by subsection (a). SEC. 6. AUTHORIZATION FOR
APPROPRIATIONS. 15 use 330 (a) There is authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary for note- the purposes of carrying out
the provisions of this Act not to exceed $1,000,000. (b) Section 6 of
the Act entitled "An Act to provide for tlw reporting of weather
modification activities to the Federal Government", approved
December 18, 1971 (85 Stat. 736 ; 88 Stat. 1212; 15 U.S.C. 330e),
is further amended by striking out "1973. 1974, 1975, 1976, and
1977," and inserting in lieu thereof "1073 through 1980,". Approved
Oct. 13, 1976.
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Appendix K Membership and Charter of the U.S.
Department of Commerce Weather Modification Advisory Board
Weather Modification Advisory Board Mr. Harlan Cleveland,
Chairman, Director, Program in International Affairs. Aspen Institute
for Humanistic Studies, P.O. Box 2820, Rosedale Rd., Princeton, N.J.
08540. Dr. D. Ray Booker, President, Aeromet, Inc., P.O. Box FF,
Norman, OK 73070. Dr. Roscoe R. Braham, Jr., Director, Cloud
Physics Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637. Mr.
Stanley A. Changnon, Jr., Head, Atmospheric Science Section, Illinois
State Water Survey, Box 232, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois 61801. Mr.
Abram Chayes, Professor of Law, Harvard Law School, Cambridge,
Mass. 02138. Dr. John P. Craven, Dean of Marine Programs,
University of Hawaii, 2540 Maile Way, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822. Dr.
James A. Crutchfield, Jr., Professor of Economics. Department of
Economics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105.
Mr. Robert D. Elliott, President, North American Weather Consultants,
Inc., Goleta, California 93017. Dr. John W. Firor. Director, National
Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 1470, Boulder, Colorado
80302. Dr. T. Keith Glennan, 11483 Waterview, Reston, VA 22070.
Mr. Thomas L. Kimball. Executive Vice President, National Wildlife
Federation, 1412 16th Street, Washington, D.C. 20036. Dr. Thomas
F. Malone, Director, Holcomb Research Institute, Butler University,
Indianapolis, Indiana 46208. Ms. Martha A. Mclnnis, President,
Enviro South, Inc., 3815 Interstate Court, Suite 202, Montgomery.
Alabama 36109. Mr. Herman Pollack, Research Professor,
International Affairs, Room 714 Library, George Washington
University, Washington, D.C. 20052. Mr. Wallace N. Robinson, III,
Chairman, Western Kansas Groundwater Management District No. 1,
Federal Building, Scott City, KA 67871. Dr. Joanne Simpson,
Professor of Environmental Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies.
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903. Mr. S. Bryce Streibel,
Fessenden, North Dakota 58438. U.S. Department of Commerce —
Charter of Weather Modification Advisory Board a. establishment The
Secretary of Commerce (the "Secretary"), having determined that it
is in the public interest in connection with the performance of duties
imposed on the Secretary by Public Law 94-490 (the "Act"), hereby
establishes the Weather Modification Advisory Board (the "Board")
pursuant to the Federal Advisory Committee Act, 5 U.S.C App. I (
Supp V, 1975) . B. EXPLANATION OF TERMS The terms used in this
Charter shall have the meanings that are prescribed in the Act. C.
OBJECTIVES AND DUTIES 1. The Board shall advise and make
recommendations to the Secretary through the Administrator of the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (the
"Administrator") on matters of a national policy, a national research
and development program, and other aspects of weather
modification as outlined in the Act. (660)
661 2. The Board may draw upon the experience and
expertise of its members upon the public, and upon other bodies
and individuals deemed necessary to provide advice, consultation,
evaluations, and recommendations to the Secretary on the various
weather modification matters relative to Sections 4 and 5 of the Act,
such as : a. The present state of scientific knowledge of weather
modification, its development, and technology; b. The problems
impeding effective implementation of weather modification
technology ; c. Research needs in weather modification and the
economic importance of weather modification; d. An assessment of
the legal, social, and ecological implications of weather modifications
; e. Development of model domestic regulatory codes ; f .
International implications and model agreements; g. A
comprehensive and coordinated national weather modification policy
; h. A national program of weather modification research and
development ; and i. Legislation and funding associated with such
policy and program. The Board shall submit its report to the
Secretary not less than 15 days prior to the date the Secretary is
required to submit the report to the President and the Congress. 3.
The Board functions solely as an advisory body, and will comply fully
with the provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act. D.
MEMBERS AND CHAIRPERSON 1. The Board shall consist of not
more than 25 members and not less than 7, appointed by the
Secretary. The members shall possess expertise, experience, or
current interest in one or more weather modification factors or
related aspects such as : research, operations, agriculture, water
resources, economics, law, government, business, social and
environmental impact, and international relations. Members shall be
appointed for up to 2 years and will serve at the discretion of the
Secretary. Appointments to fill vacancies shall be for the remainder
of the unexpired term of the vacancy. 2. The Chairperson of the
Board shall be a nonfederal member and shall be appointed by the
Secretary from among the membership. E. ADMINISTRATIVE
PROVISIONS 1. The Board shall report to the Secretary through the
Administrator. 2. The Board shall have an Executive Secretary who
shall be a full-time Federal officer or employee designated by the
Administrator. 3. The Board generally shall meet quarterly and at
such other times as may be deemed necessary by the Administrator
or the Executive Secretary. 4. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration shall provide clerical and other necessary support. 5.
The annual cost of operating the Board is estimated at $160,000.
This includes 2 person-years of staff support. 6. The Board may
establish, subject to the provisions of the Department of Commerce
Committee Management Handbook (II, I.E.), and the approval of the
Administrator, an Executive Committee and such subcommittees or
working groups of its members as may be necessary. 7. Members of
the Board will be compensated as consultants for time spent
attending Board meetings during any month in which the Board
meets for more than one day. They will, upon request, be allowed
travel expenses as authorized by 5 U.S.C. 5703. F. DURATION The
Board shall terminate 2 years after its establishment unless it is
earlier terminated or renewed by proper authority by appropriate
action. January 18, 1977. Joseph E. Kasputy Assistant Secretary for
Administration Pursuant to subsection 9(c) of the Federal Advisory
Committee Act, 5 U.S.C. App. 1, this charter was filed with the
Assistant Secretary for Administration on January 18, 1977. On the
same date, copies were filed with the Committees listed below, and
a copy was furnished the Library of Congress. Senate Committee on
Commerce. House Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce.
House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. January 24,
1977. Robert T. Jordan, Chief, Information Management Division,
Office of Organization and Management Systems.
Appendix L Rules and Regulations and Required Forms for
Submitting Information on Weather Modification Activities to the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department
of Commerce, in Accordance with Requirements of Public Law 92-
205 Chapter IX — National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Department of Commerce subchapter a — general regulations part
908 maintaining records and submitting reports on weather
modification activities In a notice published in the Federal Register of
February 24, 1976 (41 FR 3064), the Administrator of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration proposed to amend the
rules on maintaining records and submitting reports on weather
modification activities (37 FR 22974 and 39 FR 1832) . Interested
persons were given until March 25, 1976 to submit written views,
objections, recommendations, or suggestions in connection with the
proposed amendments. The few comments received in response to
the notice have been considered in detail, and, as a result, some
revisions have been made in these amendments. The first revision
covers § 908.3(d), the amendment that allows the Administrator to
waive some requirements in the reporting of certain weather
modification attempts. This amendment has been clarified to provide
specifically that all weather modification activities are to be reported
to NOAA, that the Administrator may decide to waive some
subsequent reporting requirements for certain activities after initial
notification, and that the basis for such decision will be the general
acceptability, from a technical or scientific viewpoint, of the
apparatus and techniques to be used. The second revision concerns
the period for filing interim and final reports. Sections 908.5(a) and
908.6 now provide for such reports to be filed within 45 days, since
some respondents stated that they would encounter difficulty in
meeting a 30 day requirement. The final revision is in § 908.5(a),
with respect to the effective closing date for the interim report
period. In reconsidering this amendment, NOAA has decided to
adopt January 1 as the closing date for the interim report in order to
avoid ambiguity and to prepare summary reports that more
accurately reflect the status of weather modification activities during
a calendar year. The original rules on maintaining records and
submitting reports on weather modification activities were published
in the Federal Register (37 FR 22974). These rules were
subsequently amended (39 FR 1832). For completeness, the
revisions mentioned above and the remainder of the amendments
now being effected are summarized as follows : 1. Section 908.1 (k)
and (1) have been added to define sponsor and operator. 2. The last
sentence in § 908.3 (c) has been restated. 3. Section 908.3 (d) and
(e) have been added. 4. Section 908.4(a) has been revised. 5.
Section 908.5(a) has been changed. 6. Section 908.5(b) (2) has
been reworded. 7. Section 908.6 has been changed. 8. Section
908.6(c) has been changed. 9. Section 906.8(a) (1) (viii) has been
reworded. 10. Section 908.8(a) (2) has been reworded. The purpose
of these rules is to provide for the reporting to the Administrator of
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S.
Department of (662)
663 Commerce, of weather modification activities taking
place within the United States, pursuant to the requirements of Pub.
Law 92-205 as amended. The Secretary of Commerce (and by
delegation the Administrator) is charged under the above law with
the responsibility to assemble and retain records of such weather
modification activities, to make these records publicly available to
the fullest extent practicable, and to publish summaries thereof from
time to time. The intent of this program is that expertise in the field
of weather modification will be increased ; that scientists and other
concerned persons will have access to information about past and
ongoing efforts toward weather modification ; that concerned
persons can determine whether their activities will be necessary or
duplicative, can check both desirable and undesirable atmospheric
changes against records of weather modification, and can be alert to
possible territorial overlappings of weather modification operations.
In addition, this reporting program provides information on the
possibility of harm to persons, property, or the environment, or of
interference with Federal research projects. Appropriate Federal
agencies also report their weather modification activities to the
Secretary of Commerce. This Federal reporting complements the
reporting of non-Federally sponsored projects and provides for a
central source of information on all weather modification activities in
the United States. The actions of the Department of Commerce
under these rules are not intended as, nor do they constitute,
control or regulation of weather modification operations. Any
notification that may be made to operators and State officials on the
basis of information received will be advisory only. Therefore,
pursuant to the authority contained in 15 U.S.C. 330-330e and 15
U.S.C. 313, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) has amended Title 15, Code of Federal Regulations by the
addition of Part 908. These rules are administered by the
Administrator, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, on
behalf of the Secretary of Commerce, pursuant to the Secretary's
delegation of authority in section 3 subparagraph .Olt of U.S.
Department of Commerce Organization Order 25-5A. The current
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