NEBOSH

MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

UNIT IG1:
For: NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety

MANAGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

UNIT IGC1:
For: NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety
NEBOSH International Certificate in Construction Health and Safety
NEBOSH International Certificate in Fire Safety and Risk Management

Open Book Examination

ANSWER TEMPLATE

Available for 24 hours

Learner name Hazrat Gul

NEBOSH learner number 00655946
Learning Partner name

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your first name, your NEBOSH learner number, and your Learning
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Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0015-ENG-OBE-V1 June22 © NEBOSH 2022

Task 1: Selecting and managing contractors

Question 1
Scientific research organisation was looking for the contractor for the refurbishment work in
the organisation. I observed the following points for the selection of contractor.
 HSMS implementation:
As per scenario it was seen that the contractor has gained the accredited HSE
management system, its important to check his HSMS of the contractor before his
selection.

 Competent worker:
Contractor should have deep and sound knowledge, as it was observed that CEOs
friend who belong to the contractor had deep knowledge about health and safety,
another point to consider checking workers competency of the contractor.\

 Procedure checking:
All the documented procedures of the contractor must be checked before selection
of contractor, and also as per scenario it was seen that all points of contractor were
properly assessed to make sure the working criteria of contractor.

 Extensive assessment of policies:

As per scenario it was observed that prior to contractor’s selection all policies were
assessed by the management, as contractors’ policies must be checked before
selection and was also followed in the scenario also.

 Insurance premium:
Accredited HSMS proves that contractor had less insurance premiums which also is
a good point for the selection of contractors. Scientific researcher organisation has
already checked it for the selection of a suitable contractor and it was a good sign
also less insurance premiums will enhance the chances of selection.

 Enforcement action:
Report of enforcement actions also shows the competency of the contractor and his
views towards health and safety and as per scenario no enforcement action was
taken against him showing a good sign.

 Risk assessment:
Risk assessment record of the contractor must also be checked prior to his
selection, and as per scenario it was seen that contractor risk assessment was
completely checked, hence it will also help in the hazard’s identifications and their
suitable control measures and also will help to check contractors view towards
health and safety.

 Membership:
contractor’s selection should be done by checking his membership, as per scenario
it was seen that contractor was a member of the health and safety scheme, which
proves the contractor’s commitment towards health and safety and is suitable
selection factor.

 Individual responsibilities:
A good contractor must give clear roles and responsibilities to his workers and as
per scenario the supervisor is clear regarding his roles and responsibilities, it
another effective tool for contractor selection.

 PTW:
Permit to work record must be checked before contractor selection and as per

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0015-ENG-OBE-V1 June22 © NEBOSH 2022

 scenario the contractor PTW was being checked and was clearly being followed by
the contractor management. It was a good step by the management of client for the
selection of the contractor.

 Performance of contractor:
Contractors performance of the past and current project must be checked before his
selection and as per scenario it was done by the scientific research organisation. As
on the website it was clearly evident that his performance was better than the
average contractors.

Other factors that should be included to the contract’s selection are as follow:
1. Incident records
2. Previous or current client recommendation records
3. Health surveillance record
4. Maintenance and equipment testing record
5. Training records
6. Adequate resources
.All these points must be checked prior to contractor’s selection but scientific
research organisation did not check these records which can be dangerous for
client during the project. Client is not always aware of the contractor’s workers
health, training their resources, maintenance of their equipment’s and their previous
incidents. The above six must be considered while selection of the contract.

Task 2: Health and safety management systems

Question 2
The top leadership of the organisation is always responsible for the health and safety
implementation which includes the moral, legal and financial values.
As per scenario it was observed that top leadership was available in the scientific research
organisation.
Some of the information from the scenario is as follow:

1. Leadership increased the workers from 40 to 150 which also proved that leadership is
working effectively, also showing that new workers willing to work under new
leadership.
2. Scenario also shows that leadership manages the workers really well as they allowed
some workers to work from home as the area was congested, which was also an
effective way to manage workers at the site
3. 5 former scientist colleagues form a senior leadership team which also proves that
leadership is competent and also aware of the organisation business.
4. All the activities of the new site were planned by the leadership priorly which
increases the capabilities and working capacity of organisation’s it’s an effective
approach towards health and safety and reduces the incidents at the site.\
5. Safety manual were being given to the workers which shows that leadership is
effectively working towards health and safety
6. It was also seen that separate chemical storage and goods-in delivery areas were
developed under the leadership supervision. Such acts will reduce the chemical and
physical hazards from the site.
7. No H&S training were given to the workers as HR thought that health and safety is
never an issue while working from home showing lack of effectiveness from
leadership.
8. Leadership can also be seen openly as leadership properly implemented and
checked all the required control measures for all the activities commencing at the
site.
9. Leadership was also involved in selection of the contractor for temporary work
10. Making workplace safe, effective supervision, implementation of PTW, pre

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0015-ENG-OBE-V1 June22 © NEBOSH 2022

 arrangement’s and project planning, all these things proved that leadership was
active as per scenario.

Hence overall leadership was active in the scenario

Task 3: Influencing health and safety culture

Question 3
The negative indicators are as following from the scenario:
 health and safety were never considered as important factor by the organisation as
they assumed that office work can be done without keeping health and safety in
mind
 no general health and safety trainings were being given to the workers and there
were no records of health and safety training available as per the HR.
 managers and directors assumed health and safety as least priority and were mainly
concerned about rese4arch work.
 Senior considered that health and safety management is not their duty and
responsibility showing lack of leadership commitment towards health nd safety.
 Material safety data sheet were lacking as for some unique material no information
was given as they had no idea regarding the safety and hazards associated with it.
 Contractor selection was also not properly done as no benchmark was kept for it .
 There was lack of communication and coordination between the supervisor and
contractor and their employees as before commencing of the work on upper floor.
 The permit issuer did not visit to check the upper floor and hence the risk assessment
for that activity was also invalid.
 Workers had lack of awareness and lack of training for emergency situation, hence
lack of emergency preparedness was also lacking.
 Lack of HAZCON was also seen as workers were unaware of it regarding
construction site hazards. lack of implementation of LSR lifesaving rule also seen.
 Lack of first aid arrangements were found as the supervisor was unsure of the first
aid arrangements and it was also kept in the ambulance instead of keeping it the
working area as per number of the workers, nature of hazards associated with
activity it should be stocked according to that.
 Lack of employees training regarding some health and safety issues such as
behaviour-based safety, risk and hazard perception, refresher training, HSE policy
and procedures, disaster management procedure, first aid, work at height, incident
investigation procedure, risk assessment and hazards and controls.
 Health and safety budget were kept low considering health and safety as least priority
showing negative HSE culture.
 Lack of incident investigation procedure and their implementation was also a negative
indicator as no action was taken after the incident occurrence as per scenario.
 Lack of fall protection and fall prevention for worker working at height, no safety nets
available to be safe in case of any incident of falling from height and even no safety
harness proving negative safety indicators.
 No balance was kept between profit and safety aspect.as the severe incident
occurred the CEO was least concerned towards health and safety and more
focused towards the delays in the refurbishment work showing poor commitment
from management side and proper implementation of health and safety policies in
the organisation.
 No trainings were given for fire and emergency arrangements, risk assessments, use
of PPEs, failure mode and risk management, welfare facilities and housekeeping
proving negative indicator.

Task 4: Training recommendations

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0015-ENG-OBE-V1 June22 © NEBOSH 2022

Question 4
Accident in the organisation always gives a negative impression to the employees, the
morale of the employees also gets lower as they witness the accident. Direct and indirect
cost also increases as the ratio of incidents increases in the organisation. So, a
professional training can be used to increase the morale of the employees and workers. I
recommend different types of workers to improve the health and safety competence.

 Training to the higher authorities abou8t the study as they are hesitant at first but
ready later.
 Training to the contractor about the enforcement action that can be taken against him
as he is the responsible member of health and safety scheme.
 Tool box talk before commencing of the work, familiarity with the upper floor, signs
around the outer edges.
 Induction training such as proper use of job gear, equipment’s, and secure
administrative centre surroundings sports at the medical research centre.
 Training to the permit issues regarding that he must ensure that the workplace is free
from danger prior to giving of permit.
 Educating the personnel and head of the workers. Train them about the benefits of
protection measures and also teach them the proper body mechanism to hold the
load and lessen the strains or injuries.
 1ST aid training to the contractor’s workers and employees.
 Emergency arrangement & training to all the employees.
 PTW training to both the issuer and receiver. Workers working in that area must know
the hazards and risk associated with the task.
 Not to take short cuts because injuries occurs when employees skips the rules and
finds the short cuts to finish the job early.
 Encourage a high-quality incident reporting lifestyle so that more secure
administrative centre can be created and can help to identify how your organisation
can improve the business surroundings.
 Contractor workers on training on manual handling, lifting and carrying objects.

Task 5: Assessing the permit-to-work system arrangements

Question 5
Application of the permit to work system
1. Permit to work system includes the brief job safety analysis and tool box talk form,
and as per scenario the contractor’s workers did not see the PTW document,
neither attended the tool box talk, nor sign the tool box talk form.

2. The permit issues and receiver just slightly discussed the nature of the task and
hazards associated wit it, control measures regarding working at height was
also discussed, precaution needed to be taken prior to the start of the work
permit.

3. As per rules permit issues must be a competent person and properly

authorized to issues a permit to work after all the hazards at the site of work has
been 9identifieed and all safety measures have been taken to make sure that
work is done safely, but as per scenario the permit issues did not went the
upper floor to check before giving of the permit, proving the incompetency as its
necessary to check the hazards personally by visiting the site.

4. It’s also necessary to check if the workers are aware of the type of environment
they are working in before commencing of the work under work permit.

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0015-ENG-OBE-V1 June22 © NEBOSH 2022

 5. Permit to work requires that work should be done by the competent workers, as
per scenario contractors worker started the work without checking the copy of
the permit to work. Showing the incompetency and unprofessional attitude.

6. Emergency procedure is also mentioned with the permit to work and in the
current scenario it was not mentioned.

7. All the persons performing the task under PTW must be well informed about
the hazards related to the job activity, and as per scenario they did not even
know the PTW system well.

8. in proper PTW system, certain hazards and their control measures are clearly
defined and as per scenario certain hazards and their control measures were
given over and not properly implemented.

Task 6: Suitability of the approach to risk assessment

Question 6 (a)
The scientific research organisation research organisation is not interested towards
assessing the assessing health and safety risks due to following reasons:

 Organisation is not considering nature and type of work to done.

 Scientific research organisation also not observe the level of threats and costs
associated with the impact.
 Top management commitment towards H&S risk assessment was not seen as per
the scenario and all the decisions makers are only interested in research work and
not in developing the H&S culture as they think H&S is neither important and nor
their responsibility.
 Lack of H&S function and team: as per scenario the departments such as HR,
marketing, communication, research, and finance were developed in the last 10
years, but HSE team and dept not being developed, which could commence risk
assessment. Employees increased from 40 to 150 but there was no team-based
approach available to assess the risk.
 The rule of right person for the right job was also not being followed in assessing the
risk.
 Workers were not involved in the assessing of the risk assessment and in result
workers have no well knowledge about understanding of risk level.
 Lack of communication was also there as per scenario hazards; risks and their
control are only discussed between two people and all other risks hazards and their
control measures are not being communication to the workers through training and
tool box talks.

Question 6 (b)
As per the management of health and safety at work regulation 1999 UK “owner is
responsible for effective planning, control, organisation, review and monitoring of the
protective and preventive measures” bringing into consideration the above paragraph even
if risk assessment id deputed, its still the duty of the top management for effectively
completion and periodic revision of risk assessment of activities.
Some of the points for more involvement of the top orders are as follow:

 Reducing direct and indirect cost of incident like machinery and material loss,
fatalities, injuries, damage only etc by proper conduction of the risk assessment by
the involvement of top management
 Proper risk assessment is an investment, if organisation gives the resources and
monitoring tools for reducing risk highlighted in the risk assessment, it will reduce

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0015-ENG-OBE-V1 June22 © NEBOSH 2022

 the risk potential to a great extant.
 Top management is overall responsible for compliance in an organisation including
risk assessment and their control measures.
 Top management has a signification role for the proper implementation of the H&S in
an organisation especially involvement and implementation of risk assessment.
 Improving leading and reducing lagging indicator culture: we can improve our leading
and reduce lagging indicators by involvement of the senior management in our risk
assessment procedure.
 Provision of resources: the resources could be easily allocated for the completion of
additional controls by the involvement of top management in the risk assessment
activities.
 Top management has influence which is helpful for the implementation of H&S
culture in an organisation including risk assessment.

Task 7: Accident investigation

Question 7 (a)
As per scenario during building of refurbishment at the new facility site of scientific research
centre an accident happened due to the outer unprotected edges as one worker stumble
with that fall down on the concreted floor. And the initial response was not up to the mark.

Supervisor was also not available at the site of the work and the worker also started the
work in the absence of the supervisor, after the accident happened there was no proper
communication method and worker started shouting to get some help.

No emergency procedure was available that should have been told to the worker and work
should followed, contract manager and supervisor came to the site but there was no first
aid arrangement for the emergency situation.

There was also no ambulance or emergency vehicle that worker should be carried to
hospital, worker had to call the ambulance by his mobile phone.

Contract supervisor had no option to act as he was just tending to the injured worker as
there was no first aid arrangement’s and neither a competent first aider

Contract supervisor, workers and managers were all on the site of the accident and no
barricading of the site was done neither temporary barriers were present to prevent the
workers from entering the site until health and safety representatives arrives. Accident
scene must be barricaded so that investigation must be done properly.

No system was present of reporting the incident to the authorities or incident research
centre, CEO of the organisation was more concerned about the progress of refurbishment
centre and instructed the HSE representative to clean up the place and start the work
again, showing a poor response from the top level.

Question 7 (b)
After securing the scene and giving immediate first aid and hospitalisation action to be
taken, the witness must first be identified and they should wait for his condition to come
back to normal as he might be in a state of shock after witnessing the accident. He should
be brought in to calm environment, giving him a cup of coffee or tea and taking him to calm
place.

After that he should be taken to a separate room and he should be informed that this
interview is for the purpose of finding the reason of the incident and not to blame someone.

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0015-ENG-OBE-V1 June22 © NEBOSH 2022

Asking them open question like how, when, why what and gathering information from them
and also recording their discussion or taking notes of it.

Talking in an open mind manner, establishing friendly environment and in the last asking
for their written statement. This would be a nice approach to gather information while
interviewing witness after accident.

Question 7 (c)
Reporting an accident to external authorities is really important as per the health and safety
standards ‘and it must be done in a professional method as according to HSE rules and
laws.

Might use different methods to inform the external authorities such as labour court, law
enforcement authorities, relevant authority like contracting company, family of casualty
either by phone call, mail, or approaching in person or with a letter.

But the standard method to report an accident is with a paper and format of that paper
would be it includes the following details such date, time of accident, description of that
casualties, location, cause of that accident, personal details of the person involved, their job
title, description of the injury or illness can also be added and also given in the format of
report and immediate action taken after the accident.

Details fo the employer can also be added where the accident occurred.

Your total
3096
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Docum For example: course notes, HSG245

ents Task1:
and  Based on scenario
source
s of
inform Task2:
ation  Based on scenario
you
used in Task 3:
your  https://www.hseblog.com/negative-indicators-of-health-and-safety-culture-
examin at-workplace/
ation  https://www.onsitesafety.com/safety-articles/how-to-spot-a-bad-safety-
culture/
 linkedin.com/pulse/5-signs-poor-safety-culture-john-scott-chsc
 https://www.haspod.com/blog/management/signs-of-poor-health-safety-
culture-at-work
 https://www.rrc.co.uk/media/623119/nebosh_ngc1.pdf
 https://www.safeworldhse.com/2019/12/Concept-Safety-Culture-
assessment-indicators.html
 Based on scenario

Task 4:
 Based on scenario

Task 5:

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0015-ENG-OBE-V1 June22 © NEBOSH 2022

  Based on scenario

Task 6a:
 Based on scenario only
 Unit IG1 – Element 3 Managing Risk- Understand people and process

Task 6b:
 https://www.grin.com/document/506614#:~:text=The%20main%20role
%20of%20senior,tolerances%20(Lambert%2C%202010).
 https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3242/pdfs/uksi_19993242_en.pdf
 https://www.britsafe.org/training-and-learning/find-the-right-course-for-you/
informational-resources/risk-assessment/
 Based on scenario
 Unit IG1 – Element 3 Managing Risk- Understand people and process

Task 7a:
 https://www.hse.gov.uk/foi/internalops/og/og-00076.htm
 http://www.state.wv.us/brim/loss/accident.htm
 https://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/hsg245.pdf
 https://www.osha.gov/incident-investigation
 https://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/relm/ilc/ilc90/rep-v-1.htm
 Based on scenario

Task 7b:
 https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/conducting-investigation-
interviews.html
 RRC Book International chapter 4 Article investigation of incident.

Task 7c:
 https://www.highspeedtraining.co.uk/hub/riddor-reporting-accident-at-work/
 https://resources.workable.com/accident-reporting-company-policy

End of examination

Now follow the instructions on submitting your answers in the NEBOSH Open Book
Examinations: Technical Learner Guide. All Open Book Examination guidance documents
can be found on the NEBOSH website: https://www.nebosh.org.uk/open-book-
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Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0015-ENG-OBE-V1 June22 © NEBOSH 2022