Solution

2D AND VECTORS HOME WORK

Class 11 - Physics
Section A
1.
(c) 3.5
Explanation:
The trajectory of a projectile is given by
2
gx
y = x tan θ −
2u2 cos 2 θ

For identical trajectories of the same angle of projection,

8

2
= constant
u
2 2
gp up
3
∴ = ⇒ gp = ( ) × 9.8
g 2 5
e ue

= 3.528 ms-2 = 3.5 ms-2

2.
(c) 9 × 1022m/s2
Explanation:
6 2
2 (2.18× 10 )
v 2
a= = m/s
r −10
0.528×10

9 × 1022m/s2

3. (a) 2 m/s
Explanation:
Here r = 20 cm = 0.20 m
ω = 10 rad s-1
∴ v = rω = 0.20 × 10 = 2 ms-1
4.
(b) Infinite
Explanation:
A vector can be split into any number of components, i.e., the number of components into which a vector can be split is
infinite.

5.
(b) zero
Explanation:
As scalar triple product is cyclic,
⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗
(B × A) ⋅ A = (A × B) ⋅ A = (A × A) ⋅ B

⃗
= 0 ⋅ B
⃗
=0

6. (a) range of projectile

Explanation:
range of projectile
7.
(b) None of these
Explanation:
In projectile motion, it is not necessary that initial velocity must be inclined to the horizontal. Further, the only vertical
component of velocity is zero at the highest point. Also, constant acceleration is perpendicular to velocity only at the highest

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 point.

8.
(d) −18^i − 13^j + 2k
^

Explanation:
∣^ ^ ^∣
i j k
∣ ∣
v ⃗ = ω⃗ × r ⃗ = ∣ 3 −4 1∣
∣ ∣
∣5 −6 6∣

^ ^ ^
= −18 i − 13 j + 2k

9.
−−−−−−
(d) 2t√a + b 2 2

Explanation:
^ ^ ^ 2^ 2^
r ⃗ = x i + y j + zk = at i + bt j

dr ⃗ ^ ^
v⃗ = = 2at i + 2bt j
dt
−−−− − −−−−−−− −−−−−−
2 2 2 2
|v|⃗ = √(2at) + (2bt) = 2t√a + b

10. (a) 48.05 m

Explanation:
Let the initial velocity of the ball before the last 6m be = u
a = 10 m/s2, s = 6.0m, t = 0.2 sec
1 2
⇒ s = ut + at
2
1
⇒ 6 = 0.2u + × 10 × 0.04
2

⇒ u = 29 m/s
Now consider the journey from rest to this height.
v = 29 m/s, u = 0 m/s,a = 10 m/s2
v2 − u2 = 2as
⇒ 841 − 0 = 2 × 10 × s

⇒ s = 42.05 m
Therefore the total height = 42.05 + 6 = 48.05 m
11.
(d) 24 rad s-1
Explanation:
θ = 2t3 + 0.5
ω =
dθ

dt
= 6t2
At t = 2s, ω = 6 × 4 = 24 rad s-1

12.
(b) 90o
Explanation:
⃗ ⃗ ^ ^ ^ ^
( i + j )⋅( i − j ) 1−1
A ⋅B
cos(θ) = = = = 0
⃗ ⃗ 2 2 2 2 2
| A || B| | √1 + 1 || √1 +(−1) |

−1 π 0
θ = cos (0) = or 90
2

13.
(b) t = π

Explanation:
For orthogonal vectors, A⃗ ⋅ B⃗ = 0
^ ^ ωt ^ ωt ^
⇒ (cos ωt i + sin ωt j ) ⋅ (cos i + sin j) = 0
2 2

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 ωt ωt
⇒ cos ωt cos + sin ωt sin = 0
2 2
ωt ωt
⇒ cos(ωt − ) = 0 ⇒ cos = 0
2 2
ωt π π
⇒ = ⇒ t =
2 2 ω

14.
(d) 1 : 1
Explanation:
Here θ + θ = 45° - θ + 45° - θ = 90°
1 2

Hence horizontal range R is same and R1 : R2 = 1 : 1

15. (a) 0°
Explanation:
When θ = 0 , ∘

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
⃗ ⃗ ⃗ 2 ⃗ 2 ⃗ ⃗ ∘
|A + B| = √|A| + |B| + 2|A||B| cos 0

= |A|⃗ + |B⃗ |
16.
(c) the magnitude and direction are the same for both.
Explanation:
Equal vectors are vectors that have the same magnitude and the same direction. Equal vectors may start at different positions.

17. (a) 75 m/s

Explanation:
Initial velocity, u = 150 m/s
Angle θ = 30 ∘

Vertical component is given by

∘ 1
vy = usinθ = 150sin30 = 150 ×
2

= 75 m/s
18. (a) 3
Explanation:
The number of rectangular components into which a vector can be splitted in space is three as our space is three-dimensional.
19.
−−
4
−−−−
(c) √ v

2
+ a
2

Explanation:
Resultant acceleration
−− −−−−−−−− −−−
2 2
= √a + a
tangential radial
−−−−−−−−−
2 −−−−−−
v2 v4
2 2
= √a + ( ) = √ + a
r 2
r

20.
(c) 5 m/s2
Explanation:
2 2

a = rw 2
= r(
2π

T
) =
4π

2
r

= 5 m/s2
2 −2
4π ×5× 10
=
2
(0.2π)

21.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
A is true but R is false.

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22.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
As time of flight,
2(mu) sin θ
T= 2u sin θ

g
∴ T' = g
= nT
But range
= n2R
2 2 2
u sin 2θ n u sin 2θ
R= g
∴ R' = g

23. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
24.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
A is true but R is false.

25.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
For maximum range, θ = 45o. In that case maximum height
2
2 2 ∘ 2 2

= u sin

2g
45
= u

2g
(
1
) = u

4g
√2

= 1

4
(
u

g
) = 25% maximum range

Since angle for maximum range is always 45o, therefore the percentage also cannot vary.

26.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗
|P + Q| = |P − Q|
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
√P 2 + Q2 + 2P Q cos θ = √P 2 2 ∘
+ Q + 2P Q cos(180 − θ)

⇒ p2 + Q2 + 2PQcosθ = P2 + Q2 + 2PQcos(180o - θ)
⇒ cosθ = cos(180o - θ) ⇒ θ = 90o
Therefore, the given relation holds when θ is 90o i.e. when P ⃗ is perpendicular to Q⃗ .

27.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
A is false but R is true.
At the highest point, the instantaneous velocity is acting horizontally and acceleration of projectile (acceleration due to gravity)
is acting vertically downward. Therefore, angle between velocity and acceleration at the highest point is 90°.

28. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
29.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:

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 If angle between two vectors is 180o, then their scalar product A⃗ ⋅ B⃗ = AB cos 180o = -AB. It will be zero, if angle between
vector is 90o.

30. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
31.
(d) 400 m for each; B
Explanation:
i. PQ = diameter = displacement for each girl = 2r = 2 × 200 = 400 m
Since, displacement vector does not depend upon the actual path length and it is the shortest distance between initial and
final position, so in the case of each girl the displacement is 400 m.
ii. This is equal to the actual length of the path skated by girl B.

32.
(b) 0, 21.4
Explanation:
As the cyclist returns to initial position O after one round trip, displacement is zero.
Total distance travelled.
= OP + OQ + ARCPQ = r + r + 1

2
πr

π 4+π
= (2 + )r = × 1 km
2 2

Time taken = 10min = 1

6
h

kmh-1
4+π 6
Average speed = 2
×
1
= (12 + 3π)

= 21.4 kmh-1

33.
(c) 1

Explanation:
OP = OQ cos60o = 2R × 1

2
= R

Heights through which the two particles fall,

∘ R
h1 = OP cos 60 =
2

h2 = OQ = 2R
−
− −
− −− −−−
v1 2gh1 h1 R/2
1
∴ = √ = √ = √ =
v2 2gh2 h2 2R 2

34.
–
(c) v√2
Explanation:
Velocity at A, v ⃗ = v^j
Velocity at B, v ⃗ = −v^i 2

Change in velocity,
⃗ − v ⃗ = −v ^
Δv ⃗ = v2 i − vj
^
1
−−−−−−−−−− − –
2 2
|Δv|⃗ = √(−v ) + (−v ) = v √2

35.
(b) d ⃗ + e ⃗ = f ⃗
Explanation:
Clearly,
⃗ ⃗
d + e⃗ = f

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36.
(d) Velocity is zero at t = 1 s
Explanation:
x = 3t2 - 6t
∴ vx =
dx

dt
= 6t - 6
At t = 1, vx = 6 × 1 - 6 = 0

Also, y = t2 - 2t
dy
∴ vy =
at
= 2t - 2
At t = 1s, vy = 2 × 1 - 2 = 0

37. (a) ∇(A⃗ ⋅ R⃗ ) = A⃗

Explanation:
⃗ ^ ^ ^
A = 3 i + 2 j + 5k

⃗ ^ ^ ^
R = x i + y j + zk

⃗
∴ A ⋅ R
⃗
= 3x + 2y + 5z
∂F ∂F ∂F
As ∇F ⃗
=
∂x
^
i +
∂y
^
j +
∂z
^
k

⃗ ⃗ ^ ^ ^ ⃗
⇒ ∇(A ⋅ R) = 3 i + 2 j + 5k = A

38.
(b) t1t2 = 2R

Explanation:
As t =
1
2u sin θ

g
and t 2 =
2u cos θ

g
2 2
4u sin θ cos θ 2u sin 2θ 2R
∴ t1 t2 = = =
2 2 g
g g

39.
(c) a, p and b are positive while q is negative.
Explanation:
Main concept used: Sign of a, b, p and q are the sign of their resolving components in the XY direction.
Explanation: Components along X and Y axis of the vector ū are both +X and Y direction, so a, b are positive.
Now if we resolve v̄ its X component is in the +ve X direction but Y component will be in -ve Y
direction.
Hence, a, b and p are positive but q is negative.

40.
(c) all of these
Explanation:
g( t1 + t2 ) 10(2+6)
u sin θ = = = 40
2 2

Time of flight,
2u sin θ 2×40
Tf = = = 8 s
g 10

Height of each wall,

1 2 1
h = (u sin θ)t1 − gt = 40 × 2 − × 10 × 4
2 1 2

= - 80 - 20 = 60 m.

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 Maximum height,
2 2

H =
u sin

2g
θ
=
40×40

2×10
= 80 m

−−−−−−−−−−−−−
–
41. |A|⃗ = √1 2
+ 2
2
+ (−1)
2
= √6

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
⃗ 2 –
2 2
|B| = √(−1) + 1 + (−2) = √6

⃗ ⃗
A ⋅ B = 1 × (−1) + 2 × 1 + (−1) × (−2)

= -1 + 2 + 2 = 3
⃗ ⃗
A ⋅B 3 3 1
∴ cos θ = = = =
⃗ ⃗ √6× √6 6 2
| A || B|

Hence θ = 60 ∘

42. K.E. at the highest point

= Kcos2θ = K cos245o = K

2
∘
2u sin( 90 −θ)
43. T 1 =
2u sin θ

g
and T 2 =
g
=
2u cos θ

T1 sin θ
∴ = = tan θ : 1
T2 cos θ

44. Let the velocity be V

39.6 = v sin 45t − g t 1

2
2

59.2 = v cos 45t

2
59.2 1 59.2
⇒ 39.6 = v sin 45 ( ) − g( )
v cos 45 2 v cos 45

2
g(59.2)
⇒ 39.6 = 59.2 −
2
v
2
g(59.2)
⇒
2
= 19.6
v
2
2 59.2 59.2
⇒ v = ⇒ v =
2 √2

∣ ^ ^ ^∣
i j k
∣ ∣
45. A⃗ × B⃗ = ∣ 3 4 0∣
∣ ∣
∣ −3 7 0∣

∣4 0∣ ∣ 3 0∣ ∣ 3 4∣
^ ^ ^
= i ∣ ∣ − j∣ ∣ + k∣ ∣
∣7 0∣ ∣ −3 0∣ ∣ −3 7∣

^ ^ ^ ^
= i (0 − 0) − j (0 − 0) + k(21 + 12) = 33k

Area of parallelogram
−− −−−−−−−−−
⃗ ⃗ 2 2
= |A × B| = √0 + 0 + 33
2
= 33 sq. units
Section B
46. A⃗ = 2^i − 4^j − 6k
^

⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗
B = 4i + 3j − k

Let the required vector be C ⃗

As per the question
⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗
A + B + C = k

^ ^ ^ ⃗ ⃗
6 i − j − 7k + C = k

⃗ ^ ^ ^
C = −6 i + j + 8k

47.

Let projectile is thrown at angle θ,

a. time of ascent = time of descent = t
at maximum height, vy = 0
0 = u sin θ - gt

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 u sin θ
t =
g

Time of flight = 2 × time of ascent = 2t = 2u sin θ

for angle (90 - θ), the range is

2 2
u sin 2(90−θ) u sin(180−2θ) 2
u sin 2θ
R2 = = =
g g g

R1 = R2
b. U sin g mation along x axis
1 2
x = ux t + ax t
2

here, ux = u cos θ, ax = 0
for x = range, t = T
therefore R = u cosθT
2
2u sin θ u sin 2θ
R = u cos θ × =
g g

48. Let A and B be the two forces in the ratio 3 : 5,

Then, A = 3x, B = 5x,
Given R = 28 N and θ = 60°
Thus, = A

B
3

Now for resultant vector from parallelogram law of vector addition,

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
R = √A + B + 2AB cos θ
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
2 2 2 ∘
⇒ 28 = √9x + 25x + 30x cos 60 = 7x

⇒ x = 4

Forces are A = 12 N and B = 20 N

49. Given that the position vector, r = 2.0^i t + t 2^ ^
j + 3.0k

dr d ^ 2^ ^
∴ v(t) = = (2.0 i t + t j + 3.0k)
dt dt

v(t) = 2.0^i + 2t^j , velocity is a function of time.

dv(t) d
acceleration, a(t) = dt
=
dt
^ ^ ^
(2.0 i + 2t j ) = 2 j is constant along y direction
At t = 2.0 s, the magnitude of the v(t) can be v(t) = 2.0^i + 2 × 2^j = 2.0^i + 4^j
−−−−− −− vy
v = √4 + 16 = √20 m/s and the direction is θ = tan −1
(
vx
) = tan
−1
(
4

2
) ≈ 63
∘

50. Let a⃗ = 4^i − ^j + 3k

^

and b ⃗ = −2^i + ^j − 2k
^

∴ perpendicular vectors on A⃗ and B⃗ = A⃗ × B⃗

∣ ^ ^ ^∣
i j k
∣ ∣
Now ⃗
a⃗ × b = ∣ 4 −1 3∣
∣ ∣
∣ −2 1 −2 ∣
⃗ ^ ^ ^
a⃗× b − i +2 j +2k
= =
⃗ √1+4+4
| a⃗× b|

^ ^ ^
− i +2 j +2k
=
3

1 ^ ^ ^
= (− i + 2 j + 2k)
3

According to question, A vector perndicular to a⃗ and b ⃗ has magnitude 9 is

1 ^ ^ ^
= 9 × (− i + 2 j + 2k)
3

^ ^ ^
= 3(− i + 2 j + 2k)

^ ^ ^
= −3 i + 6 j + 6k

Hence required vector is −3^i + 6^j + 6k

^
.
Section C
51. Given, θ = 30°, u = 20 m/s , g =10 m/s2
∘
T u sin θ 20×sin 30 1
i. For time to reach maximum height tm = 2
=
g
=
10
= 2 ×
2
=1s
2 2 ∘
2 2 (20) × sin 30
ii. For maximum height of the projectile we have, H = u sin

2g
θ
=
2×10
=5m
2 ∘
2 (20) ×sin 2× 30
iii. For the range of the projectile R = u sin 2θ

g
=
10
= 34.64 m
∘

iv. for time of flight for which the ball is in the air, T = 2tm = 2u sin θ

g
=
2×20×sin 30

10
=2s

52. Given that the position of particle, r = 3.0t^i + 2.0t 2^ ^

j + 5.0k

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 i. First order differentiation of position vector provide the instantaneous velocity of the particle, v(t) =
dr d ^ 2^ ^ ^ ^
= (3.0t i + 20t j + 5.0k) = 3.0 i + 4.0t j
dt dt

ii. Now at time t = 2.0 s

^ ^
v(t) = 3.0 i − 8.0 j
−− −−−− −−−−−−−−−−− −−
2 2 2 2
v = √vx + vy = √(3.0) + (−8) = √73 = 8.54 m/s
vy
θ = tan
−1
(
vx
) tan
−1
(
8

3
) = -2.667 = 69.5°
θ = 69.5 below X - axis
∘

53. Here it is given, that R = 1000 m

Horizontal range of the bullet fired at an angle θ
2 2
u sin 2θ u 2 sin θ cos θ
R=
g
⇒ 1000 =
g
...........(i)
Bullet is fired from the car moving with 36 km/h i.e.,10 m/s, then the horizontal component of the velocity of bullet = u sin θ + 10
Vertical component of the velocity of the bullet = u sinθ
Then, new range of the bullet is given by
2 2 2 20
R1 = (u sin θ)(u cos θ + 10) = u sin θ cos θ + u sin θ
g g g

20
⇒ R1 = R + u sin θ
g

⇒ R1 − R =
20

g
u sin θ ............(ii)
−−−−−−−
1000×g
From Eq.(i), we have u = √ 2 sin θ cos θ
.............(iii)
Now, substituting the value of u in Equation (ii), we obtain
−−−−−−−
20 1000×g
R1 − R = √ sin θ
g 2 sin θ cos θ
−−−−−−
500×sin θ
= 20√
g cos θ

−−−−−−−
500
= 20√ tan θ
9.8

−−−−
= 142.9√tan θ

Hence proved.
54. Here we need to find the time of flight for each snowball. The time tR is determined by vy0, the vertical component of initial
velocity, then we have
2vy0 2v0 sin θ0
tR = =
g g

To find tR we need to know, in addition to the initial angle θ0 (as given), the initial speed v0, which is not given. We can find v0 by
applying the range equation which is given by,
2
v sin 2θ0

R=
0

g
..........(1)
−−−−−
Rg
Solving the above equation for v0, we get, v0 = √ sin 2θ0

We obtain the same value for v0 whether we take,

θ0 = 30
∘
or θ 0 = 60
∘

Since, sin 2(30°) = sin 2(60°)

−−−−−−
(20)(9.8)
v0 = √
sin 60
∘
= 15.0 m/s

For the first snowball,

∘
2(15)(sin 60 )
tR =
9.8
= 2.65 seconds
For the second snowball,
∘
2(15)(sin 30 )
t
′
R
=
9.8
= 15.3 seconds
Thus, the waiting period is the difference between these two times and is given by:
Δt = tR - t'R = 2.65 - 1.53 = 1.12 s

55. Consider a boy standing at position P at a horizontal distance 78.4m from the window, he throws a ball with a velocity u at an
angle θ with the horizontal which just enters window W at a height 39.2 m.

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 For the maximum Height of projectile, we have the relation,
2 2

H= u sin

2g
θ

2 2

⇒ 39.2m =
u sin

2g
θ
........(i)
2

and horizontal range, R = u sin 2θ

g
2

⇒ 2 × 78.4 =
u sin 2θ

g
...........(ii)
Dividing Equations (i) and (ii), we get
2 2 g
u sin θ 39.2
× =
2g 2 2×78.4
u 2 sin θ cos θ
1 1 ∘
⇒ tan θ = ⇒ θ = 45
4 4

Substituting θ = 45° in Eq. (ii), we get

2 ∘
u sin 90
= 2 × 78.4
9.8
−−−−−−−−−− −
⇒ u = √2 × 78.4 × 9.8 = 39.2 m/s
Hence, the ball should be projected at an angle of 45° with an initial speed of 39.2 m/s.
Section D
56. Fill in the blanks:
(i) 1. coplanar vectors
(ii) 1. right
(iii) 1. 180
(iv) 1. two
(v) 1. minimum
57. As the marble was rolling on the table, therefore it has horizontal velocity and it will act as a projectile as soon as it leaves the
edge of the table and fall freely under the effect of gravity.
Since, the marble is initially moving horizontally, vy0 = 0 and vx0 = 1.00 m/s. We must consider the origin to be at the edge of the
table, so that x0 = y0 = 0

i. t = ? and y = -1.00 m
gt2
−1
∴ y= 2
−−− −−−−−−−−
−2y (−2)(−1.00)
⇒ t = √
g
= √
9.8
= 0.452 s
ii. x = ?, when t = 0.452 s
∴ x = vx0t = 1.00 × 0.452 s = 0.452 m
iii. v = ?, θ = ? at t = 0.452 s
The x-component of velocity is constant throughout the motion,
vx = vx0 = 1.00 m/s
The y-component of velocity is given by
vy = vy0 - gt = 0 - 9.8 × 0.452 = - 4.43 m/s

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 −−−−−− −−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
∴ v = √vx + vy
2 2 2
= √(1.00) + (−4.43)
2
= 4.54 m/s, the magnitude of the resultant velocity of the motion.
vy
−1 ∣ 4.43 ∘
∣
θ = tan ∣ ∣ = = 77.3
vx 1.00

As the marble hits the floor, its velocity is 4.54 m/s directed 77.3° downward with respect to the horizontal.
58. To better visualise the solution described here, we first sketch the trajectory as shown in figure.

i. The problem here is to find t when x = 32.0 m. We can use (x = v x0 t ), if we first find v . From figure, we see that v
x0 x0 = v0

cos θ = (20.0 m/s) (cos 30.0o)

0

= 17.3 m/s
Using the relation and solve for t.
x=v x0 t

32.0 m
t= x

vx 0
= = 1.85 s
17.3 m/s

ii. We want to find y when x = 32.0 m, or since we have already found the time in part (a), we can state this, find y when t = 1.85
s. Using the relation,
y=v y0 t - 1

2
gt2
where v y0 = v0 sin θ = (20.0 m/s) (sin 30.0o)
0

= 10.0 m/s
Thus, y = (10.0 m/s)(1.85 s) - 1

2
(9.80 m/s2)(1.85 s)2 = 1.73 m
Since, y = 0 is 2.00 m above the ground, this means the ball is 3.73 m above the ground as it crosses the goal line too much
high to be caught at that point.
59. From the figure resolving the components of v0 and g, we get

vx = v0 sin θ and v y = υ0 cos θ

gx = gcosθ ,g = gsinθ acting vertically downwards

y

Consider the motion of particle from O to A in new YOY’ axis.

y = u t +
y
a t ​ 1

2
y
2

Where, z = 0, v = v cos θ, a y 0 y = −g sin θ ​

∴ t = T ( time of flight ) , y = 0​​
1
⇒ 0 = v0 cos θT −
2
g sin θT
2
​
2v0 cos θ
⇒ T = ​
g cos θ

2v0
T =
g

Now consider the motion along OX axis.​​

2v0
x = L, ux = v0 sin θ, ax = g sin θ, t = T =
g
​
x = ux t +
1

2
ax t
2
​
2
2v5 2v0
L= [
g
] v0 sin θ +
1

2
g sin θ[
g
] ​

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JEE MAINS
 2 2
2υ 4v

​
0 1 0
L= sin θ + g sin θ ⋅
g 2 2
g
2 2
2v 4v

=
g
0
[sin θ + sin θ] =
g
0
sinθ ​
2
4v

⇒L =
g
0
sin θ .
2
4v

Hence the value of L is​​ ​.

0
sin θ
g

→ → → →
60. Given, | O A| = | O B| = | O C | = F

Angles are 30o, 45o and 60o.

Resolve all the vector components individually

Rx = R x1 + Rx
2
+ Rx
3

Sum of vectors in x-direction (i.e. Rx) and sum of vactors in y-direction (i.e. Ry)

Rx = A cos 30o + B cos 60o - C cos 45o

F √3
= 2
+ F

2
- F
[∵ A = B = C = F]
√2

F – –
= (√6 + √2 − 2)
2√2

Ry = A sin 30o + C cos 45o - B sin 60o

F √3 – –
= F

2
+ F
- 2
= F
(√2 + 2 − √6)
√2 2√2

Determination of magnitude,
−−−−−−−
R = √R 2
x + Ry
2

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
2 2
F – – F – –
= √[ (√6 + √2 − 2)] + [ (√2 + 2 − √6)]
2√2 2√2

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
= √F 2 (0.435) + F 2 (0.116)
−−−−−−− − −−−−
= √F 2 (0.550) + F √0.550

⇒ R = 0.74 F
Determination of direction
F
( √2+2− √6)
Ry 2√2
tan θ = =
Rx F
( √6+ √2−2)
2√2

0.97
= 1.85
≈ 0.524
θ ≈ 27.65
This is the angle which R makes with x-axis.
61. Given: Velocity at time t = 0 is given as
^ ^
u⃗ = 0 i + 10 j m/s

⇒ ux = 0m/s, uy = 10m/s

Acceleration, a⃗ = 8.0^i + 2.0^j m/s 2

⇒ ax = 8.0m/s2, ay = 2.0m/s2
a. time taken by particle for x = 16 m
Using equation, S = ut + at along x axis 1

2
2

x = ux t +
1

2
ax t
2
we get
1 2
16 = (0 × t) + (8)(t)
2

t = 2s
y-coordinate at this time will be:
1 2
y = uy t + ay t
2
1 2
y = (10 × 2) + (2)(2)
2

y = 24 m

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JEE MAINS
 b. Velocity along x and y-axis after time, t = 2s
vx = ux + ax t ⇒ vx = 0 + (8 × 2)

vx = 16m/s
vy = 10 + (2 × 2)

vy = 14m/s

Net speed of the particle is:

−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
v = √(vx ) + (vy )

−−−−−−−−− −
2 2
v = √(16) + (14)

v = 21.26m/s

Section E
62. State whether the given statement is True or False:
(i) (b) False
Explanation: {
False
(ii) (a) True
Explanation: {
As both of the bullets start from the same height, the time taken by them to reach the ground will be the same.
(iii) (a) True
Explanation: {
True,
We know the average velocity for any type of motion is given by vaverage = total displacement / total time
r( t2 )−r( t1 )
So, [ ( t2 − t1 )
] denotes the average velocity of the particle vaverage
where, r(t1) and r(t2) are the position vector of the particle at time interval t = t1 and t = t2 respectively.
So r(t2) - r(t1) is the change in position of a particle or the displacement of the particle and ( t2 – t1) is the time taken
for that displacement
(iv) (b) False
Explanation: {
False; Despite being a scalar quantity, the temperature can take negative values.
(v) (a) True
Explanation: {
True
(vi) (a) True
Explanation: {
True; The value of a scalar does not vary for observers with different orientations of axes.
(vii) (a) True
Explanation: {
−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
∣ 1 ^ 1 ^∣ 1 1
i + j = √( ) + ( ) = 1
∣ √2 √2 ∣ √2 √2

(viii) (b) False

Explanation: {
The vectors (A⃗ − B⃗ ) and (B⃗ − A)⃗ have equal magnitude but opposite directions.
(ix) (a) True
Explanation: {
True; At a point on a circular path, a particle appears to move tangentially to the circular path. Hence, the velocity
vector of the particle is always along the tangent at a point.
(x) (b) False
Explanation: {
False

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JEE MAINS