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 Another Random Document on
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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PROCEEDINGS

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 PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

California Academy of Sciences

THIRD SERIES

ZOOLOGY
Vol. IV
1905-1906

SAN FRANCISCO
PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY
1906
 CONTENTS OF VOLUME IV.

Plates I-XI.
PAGE

Title-
page i
Contents iii
No. 1. The Reptiles and Amphibians of the Islands of the
Pacific Coast of North America from the
Farallons to Cape San Lucas and the Revilla
Gigedos. By John Van Denburgh. (Plates I-VIII) 1
(Published June 15, 1905)
No. 2. The Species of the Reptilian Genus Anniella, with
Especial Reference to Anniella texana and to
Variation in Anniella nigra. By John Van
Denburgh 41
(Published December 2, 1905)
No. 3. On the Occurrence of the Leather-back Turtle,
Dermochelys, on the Coast of California. By
John Van Denburgh. (Plates IX-XI) 51
(Published December 2, 1905)
No. 4. Description of a New Species of the Genus
Plethodon (Plethodon vandykei) from Mount
Rainier, Washington. By John Van Denburgh 61
(Published March 14, 1906)
No. 5. On the Occurrence of the Spotted Night Snake,
Hypsiglena ochrorhynchus, in Central California;
and On the Shape of the Pupil in the Reptilian
Genus Arizona. By John Van Denburgh 65
(Published March 14, 1906)
Index 69
 December 30, 1914.

Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 3D. Ser. Zool. Vol. IV

[Van Denburgh] Plate I.

PHOTO.-LITH. BRITTON & REY, S. F.

 PROCEEDINGS
OF THE

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Third Series

Zoology Vol. IV, No. 1

Issued June 15, 1905

THE REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS OF THE ISLANDS
OF THE PACIFIC COAST OF NORTH AMERICA
FROM THE FARALLONS
TO CAPE SAN LUCAS AND THE
REVILLA GIGEDOS

BY JOHN VAN DENBURGH

Curator of the Department of Herpetology.
 CONTENTS.

Plates I-VIII.
PAGE

Introductory Remarks 2
Table of Distribution 3
Faunal Relationships 4
South Farallon Island 4
San Miguel Island 6
Santa Rosa Island 11
Santa Cruz Island 13
Ana Capa Island 14
San Nicolas Island 15
Santa Barbara Island 15
Santa Catalina Island 16
San Clemente Island 17
Los Coronados 17
San Martin Island 18
San Benito Island 21
Cerros Island 22
Natividad Island 24
Magdalena Island 24
Santa Margarita Island 25
Socorro Island 26
Clarion Island 27
June 13, 1905

Introductory Remarks.
The first contribution to the herpetology of the islands of the Pacific
Coast of North America of which I have knowledge was, curiously
enough, a description of the lizard of Socorro, an island perhaps the
least accessible of them all. This description was published by
Professor Cope in 1871. Six years later Dr. Streets recorded a few
notes on the fauna of Cerros, San Martin, and Los Coronados. Since
that time there have appeared at intervals contributions from
Yarrow, Belding, Cope, Garman, Townsend, Stejneger, and Van
Denburgh, resulting in the gradual accumulation of a considerable
fund of knowledge. The papers in which this information is contained
are so widely scattered through journals and the publications of
various societies and museums as to be but little available. It has,
therefore, been thought expedient to review the whole subject while
reporting upon the material which in the last few years has been
accumulating in the collection of the Academy.
In this paper there are mentioned or described twenty-nine species
and subspecies, representing the fauna of eighteen islands. Of these
four are amphibians, nineteen are lizards, and six are snakes.
The following forms are here described as new:—

Autodax lugubris farallonensis, South Farallon Island,

Uta martinensis, San Martin Island,
Uta stellata, San Benito Island,
Sceloporus becki, San Miguel Island,
Gerrhonotus scincicauda ignavus, San Martin Island.

The island distribution of the various species and subspecies is

indicated in the following table:
Distribution of Island Reptiles and Amphibians.
Table Key:

A. Farallon
B. San Miguel
C. Santa Rosa
 D. Santa Cruz
E. Ana Capa
F. San Nicolas
G. Santa Barbara
H. Santa Catalina
I. San Clemente
J. Los Coronados
K. San Martin
L. San Benito
M. Cerros
N. Natividad
O. Magdalena
P. Santa Margarita
Q. Socorro
R. Clarion
S. Mainland

Name A B C D E F G H I

Autodax lugubris farallonensis X

Batrachoseps attenuatus X
Batrachoseps pacificus X X
Hyla regilla X
Dipsosaurus dorsalis
Callisaurus ventralis
Crotaphytus wislizenii
Uta stansburiana X X X X
Uta martinensis
Uta stellata
Uta nigricauda
Uta auriculata
Uta clarionensis
Sceloporus zosteromus
Sceloporus becki X
Sceloporus biseriatus becki X X
Phrynosoma cerroense
Gerrhonotus scincicauda X X X
Gerrhonotus scincicauda ignavus
Xantusia riversiana X X X X
Verticaria hyperythra beldingi
Cnemidophorus rubidus
Cnemidophorus multiscutatus
Cnemidophorus labialis
Bascanion anthonyi
Bascanion laterale fuliginosum
Pituophis catenifer
Crotalus exsul
Crotalus oregonus X
Crotalus mitchellii

Name J K L M N O P Q R S

Autodax lugubris farallonensis

Batrachoseps attenuatus X
Batrachoseps pacificus ?
Hyla regilla X X
Dipsosaurus dorsalis X X
Callisaurus ventralis X X
Crotaphytus wislizenii X X
Uta stansburiana X X X
Uta martinensis X
Uta stellata X
Uta nigricauda X X
Uta auriculata X
Uta clarionensis X
Sceloporus zosteromus X X X X
Sceloporus becki
Sceloporus biseriatus becki
Phrynosoma cerroense X
Gerrhonotus scincicauda X
Gerrhonotus scincicauda ignavus ? X X
Xantusia riversiana
Verticaria hyperythra beldingi X X X
Cnemidophorus rubidus X X X
Cnemidophorus multiscutatus X
Cnemidophorus labialis X
Bascanion anthonyi X
Bascanion laterale fuliginosum X
Pituophis catenifer X X
Crotalus exsul X
Crotalus oregonus X X
Crotalus mitchellii X X

Little can be stated about the faunal relationships of the various

islands beyond the fact that all except, probably, the Farallons are
clearly Sonoran. Of the island reptiles, only fourteen are not known
to live on the mainland. These are

Autodax lugubris farallonensis,

Batrachoseps pacificus,
Uta martinensis,
Uta stellata,
Uta auriculata,
Uta clarionensis,
 Sceloporus becki,
Phrynosoma cerroense,
Xantusia riversiana,
Cnemidophorus multiscutatus,
Cnemidophorus labialis,
Bascanion anthonyi,
Bascanion laterale fuliginosum,
Crotalus exsul.

Although the evidence is thus too meager to enable one to speak

positively, it would seem that the probable faunal relationship is
about as follows:
Transition Zone.
Pacific Fauna:
Farallon Islands.
Upper Austral Zone.
Californian Fauna:
San Miguel, Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, Ana Capa.
San Diegan Fauna:
San Nicolas, Santa Barbara, Santa Catalina, San Clemente.
Los Coronados, San Martin.
Perhaps San Benito, Cerros, Natividad.
Lower Austral Zone.
Perhaps San Benito, Cerros, Natividad.
Magdalena, Santa Margarita.
Socorro, Clarion.

South Farallon Island.

No reptiles have been found on the Farallon Islands and it is
probable that none occur there. The amphibians are represented on
South Farallon Island by a salamander which has been regarded as
identical with Autodax lugubris Hallowell. Specimens from this island,
however, are much more profusely spotted or blotched with yellow
than is the mainland form of this species. In examining series of
specimens one finds a few individuals from the mainland as heavily
spotted as some of the Farallon specimens, but the average
difference seems constant and the extremes are very dissimilar. I
therefore propose that the Farallon Island form be called

1. Autodax lugubris farallonensis subsp. nov.

Plate II.
Anaides lugubris Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 24, 1882, p. 158 [part].
Autodax lugubris Cope, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 34, 1889, p. 185 [part];
Keeler, Zoe, v. 3, 1892, p. 154.
Diagnosis.—Similar to Autodax lugubris Hallow, but yellow spots more
numerous and often larger.
Type.—Cal. Acad. Sci. No. 3731, South Farallon Island, Charles Fuchs,
February 8, 1899.
Description of Type.—Head elongate, depressed, with truncate, protruding
snout; nostril small, a little above and behind the corner of snout, with groove
running down to edge of lip, separated from its fellow and from orbit by
length of eye-slit; lip margin long and undulating; maxillary and mandibular
teeth large; palatine teeth small, in series running back from each inner
nostril and forming a V-shaped figure; a large well-defined patch of
parasphenoid teeth divided by a slight median groove and posterior notch;
tongue large, long, ovate, with a small posterior notch, free except along the
median line; neck short, somewhat constricted, a well-developed gular fold;
body subfusiform, diminishing toward both extremities; 13 transverse costal
grooves between limbs, extending from a short distance from vertebral line
entirely across belly; tail conical with similar transverse grooves; limbs well-
developed, posterior longer than anterior, toes overlapping when adpressed;
digits 4-5, well-developed, nearly free, with slight terminal disc-like expansion;
third finger longest, first short, second and fourth nearly equal; first toe short,
second and fifth and third and fourth nearly equal; skin everywhere smooth,
but dotted with the mouths of small glands.
 Color above smoky seal-brown, lightest on the snout and limbs, dotted,
spotted and blotched with pale straw-yellow on top and sides of head, neck,
body, limbs and tail; largest blotches, on sides of neck, 2 by 4 millimetres.
Lower surfaces dirty yellowish white.
Length to anus 72[1] 38 58 66 67 75
Length of tail 64 33 50 52 56 71
Snout to gular fold 20 11 17 18 19 20
Nostril to orbit 4 2½ 3 4 3½ 4
Fore limb 21 13 18 19 20 22
Hind limb 24 15 20 20 22 24

Sixteen specimens were collected by Mr. Fuchs on South Farallon

Island, February 8, 1899, and four by Mr. L. M. Loomis, July 9, 1896.
They were found under piles of loose stone.
The spots on the type specimen are larger and somewhat more
numerous than on any of the others.

San Miguel Island.

I know of no records of reptiles or amphibians from San Miguel
Island. Two species of lizards and a Batrachoseps were secured on
this island by Mr. R. H. Beck while collecting for the California
Academy of Sciences.

1. Batrachoseps pacificus Cope.

Plate III.

Hemidactylium pacificum Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1865, p. 195.
Batrachoseps pacificus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1869, pp. 97, 98;
Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 24, 1882, p. 153 [part?]; Boulenger, Cat.
Batrach. Grad. 1882, p. 59; Cope, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 34, 1889, p. 129
[part?].

Batrachoseps pacificus was described by Professor Cope, in 1865,

from a specimen said to have been collected at Santa Barbara,
California. Two specimens from San Francisco were afterward
referred to this species. All of the specimens I have examined from
both these localities are of the common form known as B.
attenuatus. I was, therefore, inclined to doubt the existence of B.
pacificus as a distinct species until I examined eight specimens
collected by Dr. Eisen on Santa Rosa Island in 1897. In March, 1903,
Mr. R. H. Beck secured on San Miguel a large series of a
Batrachoseps which seems to differ in no respect from that found on
Santa Rosa Island, but which is very distinct from the species of the
mainland.
These island salamanders agree in all important points with the
original description of B. pacificus, but since the published
descriptions of this species are not very complete, I sent a specimen
from San Miguel Island to my friend Dr. Stejneger with a request
that he compare it directly with the type. This he has very kindly
done, and his conclusion is as follows:
"I have carefully compared it with the type of Batrachoseps pacificus
and find them to agree completely. I have no doubt they represent
the same species. As for the origin of our specimen I can only say
that our record book shows the following entry: '6733. Batrichoseps
pacificus (Type) Santa Barbara Cal. Dr. Hayes. 1881 Oct. 28. 1.' This
entry is evidently made many years after the numbering of the
specimen which took place in 1866, probably at the time tin-tags
were substituted for the old labels most of which were destroyed as
in this case. The entry is in an unknown boyish hand and is probably
made from the destroyed label. The double error, i in Batrachoseps
and e in Hays, shows that it was made by an ignoramus. I can find
no other record of specimens received from the same source, but in
the S. I. reports from 1864-67 I find noted that a Dr. W. W. Hays
sent birds and fishes to the museum from 'Southern California'. The
Santa Barbara locality is therefore not above suspicion. The other
two specimens credited in Cope's Man. Batr. p. 130 to B. pacificus,
viz. No. 4006 San Francisco, Cal. R. D. Cutts, have not been seen
here since I took charge of the collection in 1889. In the record book
there is entered in the remark column 'Destroyed (C)' (C) standing
for Cope. The specific name Batrachoseps pacificus is in Cope's
handwriting, while the locality San Francisco and the name of the
collector are in Prof. Baird's hand."
In the light of all this it appears that the type of Batrachoseps
pacificus may perhaps have been secured on some fishing trip from
Santa Barbara to Santa Rosa or San Miguel, and that the specimens
from San Francisco most probably were misidentified by Cope.
Batrachoseps pacificus is a larger species than Batrachoseps
attenuatus. Its general appearance, owing to the greater broadness
of head and body, is very suggestive of the various species of
Plethodon. This resemblance is carried further in one specimen by
the presence of five digits on one hind foot. Structurally, however,
the species is a true Batrachoseps; that is to say, the tongue is
adherent anteriorly, the digits are normally 4-4, the premaxillary is
single, and there is a large parietal fontanelle.
Diagnosis.—Costal grooves usually seventeen (rarely sixteen or eighteen);
head much broader than body; color yellowish brown above, white or yellow
below.
Description.—General form elongate, slender; body cylindric or somewhat
flattened; tail conical, a little longer than head and body; head depressed,
rather broad, nearly circular in outline from above; snout rounded or truncate
from above, truncate and high in profile; eyes large and rather prominent,
separated anteriorly by about the length of the orbital slit; nostrils small, near
corners of snout, separated by a little more than their distance from orbits; a
very indistinct subnasal groove, not extending to margin of lip; upper jaw
overhanging lower; line of lip nearly straight to below eye, then deflected
downward; palatine teeth in 2 nearly straight very oblique series which nearly
meet on the median line posteriorly and anteriorly do not extend to the
internal nares; parasphenoid teeth separated by a narrow space posteriorly
but confluent anteriorly, extending nearly to the palatine series; internal nares
rather small, in front of the anterior ends of the series of palatine teeth;
tongue large, oval, not emarginate, attached along the median line, free
laterally and posteriorly; neck not distinct from body, with several vertical and
2 or 3 longitudinal grooves; gular fold well marked, continued forward on side
of neck to eye; 1 or 2 indistinct grooves anterior to gular fold; costal grooves
between limbs usually 17, occasionally 16 or 18,[2] continued nearly to midline
on back and belly; limbs short, weak, each with 4 digits; digits with rounded
 knob-like ends, inner digit short, rudimental, others well-developed, second
and fourth nearly equal, third longest, web small or absent; tail more slender
than body, with well-marked lateral grooves; a more or less indistinct dorsal
longitudinal groove, most distinct on neck and pelvic region; skin smooth with
minute pits; adpressed limbs widely separated.
The color above in alcoholic specimens is yellowish brown (cinnamon to
mummy brown) paler on the head and limbs and often becoming fawn-color
on the tail. The upper lip and all the lower surfaces are white or dull yellow.
Young specimens are much darker than adults, and the lower surfaces often
are minutely dotted with brown.
Length to anus 25 36 49 52 52 56
Length of tail 20 31 64 56 63 59
Width of head 3½ 5 7 6½ 7 8
Snout to orbit 2 2 3 3 3 3
Snout to gular fold 6 7½ 10 10 10 10½
Snout to fore limb 7 10 13 13 14 14
Between limbs 15 22 31 36 33 38
Fore limb 5 7 9 9 8½ 9
Hind limb 5½ 7½ 9½ 9½ 9½ 10

2. Sceloporus becki sp. nov.

Plate IV.
The Sceloporus of the mainland at Santa Barbara is the ordinary S.
occidentalis; that is to say, it is the smaller form with a complete
series of scales between the large supraoculars and the median head
plates, with from thirty-five to forty-six dorsal scales between the
interparietal plate and the back of the thighs, with keeled scales on
the back of the thigh, and with two blue patches on the throat. Five
specimens from San Miguel Island resemble this species closely in
size, but are more nearly like S. biseriatus in coloration, and differ
from both in the possession of certain characters most unusual in a
member of the S. undulatus group. I take pleasure in naming this
island form in honor of Mr. R. H. Beck, who collected the specimens.
Diagnosis.—Frontal and parietal plates separated from enlarged supraoculars
by a series of small scales or granules; frontoparietal plate in contact with
enlarged supraoculars; scales on back of thigh smaller than those in front of
anus; 43-48 dorsals between interparietal and back of thighs; scales on back
of thigh keeled; whole throat and chin blue crossed by diagonal black lines
which unite posteriorly with a large black patch extending across throat from
shoulder to shoulder.
Type.—Adult male, Cal. Acad. Sci. No. 4537, San Miguel Island, California, R.
H. Beck, March 26, 1903.
Description.—Head and body little depressed; nostril opening much nearer to
end of snout than to orbit; upper head shields smooth, moderately large and
slightly convex, interparietal largest; frontal divided transversely; parietal and
frontal plates separated from enlarged supraoculars by a series of small plates
or granules; frontoparietal in contact with enlarged supraoculars;
superciliaries long and strongly imbricate; middle subocular very long, narrow
and strongly keeled; rostral plate of moderate height but great width; labials
long, low and nearly rectangular; symphyseal large and pentangular; some
series of enlarged sublabials; gulars smooth, imbricate, often emarginate
posteriorly; ear-opening large, slightly oblique, with anterior denticulation of
smooth acuminate scales; scales on back equal-sized, keeled, mucronate with
slight denticulation, and arranged in nearly parallel longitudinal rows; lateral
scales smaller and directed obliquely upward; upper and anterior surfaces of
limbs with strongly keeled and mucronate scales; posterior surface of thigh
with small, acuminate, keeled scales; ventral scales much smaller than
dorsals, smooth, imbricate, and usually bicuspid; tail furnished with slightly
irregular whorls of strongly keeled and pointed scales which are much larger
and rougher above than below, where they are smooth proximally; femoral
pores 14-16; 9-12 dorsal scales equaling length of shielded part of head;
number of scales in a row between interparietal plate and a line connecting
posterior surfaces of thighs varying from 43-48; males with enlarged postanal
plates.
The color above is grayish, brownish, or greenish blue, with a series of dark
brown blotches on each side of the back. A pale longitudinal band separates
the dorsal from the lateral regions. The sides are brownish or grayish, mottled
with darker brown and dotted or suffused with green or pale blue. The head
is usually crossed by narrow brown lines, more or less irregular in distribution.
A brown line connects the orbit and upper corner of the ear, and is continued
backward on the neck. There is a large blue patch on each side of the belly,
bordered internally with black in highly colored males. The chin and throat are
blue, pale anteriorly and changing to black posteriorly, crossed by narrow
oblique black lines which converge posteriorly and blend with the black
patches on the throat and in front of the shoulders in males. There is a white
patch at each side of the anus, and a yellowish white band along the series of
femoral pores.
 Length to anus 64 66 70 70[3]
Length of tail 76 68 78 79
Snout to ear 14 13 14 16
Width of head 14 12 14 15
Shielded part of head 14 13 14 15
Fore limb 27 26 27 30
Hind limb 41 39 41 46
Base of fifth to end of fourth toe 16 15 16 18

This species is in general appearance similar to S. occidentalis, but

differs in the contact of the frontoparietal and supraocular shields,
the coloration of the throat, and the somewhat more feeble
carination and mucronation of its dorsal and caudal scales.
Specimens from Santa Rosa and Santa Cruz islands, as stated below,
seem to show that this form has been developed from S. biseriatus
stock.
Five specimens (Nos. 4534-4538) in the collection of the California
Academy of Sciences were secured by Mr. R. H. Beck on San Miguel
Island, March 26, 1903.

3. Gerrhonotus scincicauda Skilton.

One specimen (Cal. Acad. Sci. No. 4539) was taken by Mr. Beck on
San Miguel Island, March 26, 1903. It has dorsals in 14-1/2 × 49
rows, temporals smooth, scales on arm and forearm smooth, and
dark ventral lines along the middles of the scale rows. It seems to
differ from the Santa Rosa Island specimens only in the slightly more
feeble carination of the scales generally, the small size of the
azygous prefrontal and of the scales on the under surface of the
forearm, and a tendency toward the formation of fourteen rows of
ventral scales shown by the presence of a few small scales along the
edge of each lateral fold in addition to the usual twelve longitudinal
rows. There are sixty-six ventrals in a row between the chin and the
anus.
 Santa Rosa Island.
I have examined one species of Batrachoseps and two kinds of
lizards from this island. The Gerrhonotus has already been reported
from the island, the others are new to its known fauna.

1. Batrachoseps pacificus Cope.

Dr. Gustav Eisen secured eight specimens of Batrachoseps on Santa
Rosa Island in June, 1897. These are now in the collection of the
Academy (Nos. 3877-3880 and 3891-3894) and seem to differ in no
respect from the form found on San Miguel Island. All have
seventeen costal grooves.
The measurements of these specimens are
Length to anus 21 22 24 32 33 35 41 42
Length of tail 14 16 21 23 23 ... 46 27
Width of head 3 3 3¾ 5 4½ 5 5 6
Snout to orbit 1½ 1¼ 1½ 2 2¼ 2 2¼ 2½
Snout to gular fold 5 5 6 7¼ 7 8 8½ 9½
Snout to fore limb 6 6 8 10 9 10 12 12
Between limbs 13 14 15 21 19 23 26 26
Fore limb 4½ 4 5 6¼ 6 6 7¼ 8
Hind limb 4½ 4 5 6½ 6 6¼ 7½ 8

2. Sceloporus biseriatus becki Van Denburgh.

A series of eight Scelopori collected on Santa Rosa Island by Dr.
Gustav Eisen in June, 1897, seems to show that the differentiation
from S. biseriatus has not progressed so far on this island as on San
Miguel.[4] Thus although all the adult specimens from Santa Rosa
Island show the coloration of the San Miguel Island form, only two
have the typical arrangement of the supraoculars, while the other six
specimens have the frontoparietal separated from the enlarged
supraoculars. The less highly colored young males show a single
median blue throat patch, as in S. biseriatus, indicating that the
island lizard is more closely related to that species than to S.
occidentalis.
The fact that the characters of this form seem to be constant on San
Miguel while varying toward S. biseriatus on Santa Rosa and Santa
Cruz islands raises an interesting question in nomenclature: Should
the San Miguel Island form be regarded as a species or as a
subspecies? If these lizards inhabited a peninsula one would use a
trinomial for them all, but since they are found on well separated
islands the facts seem to be best expressed by the nomenclature
adopted above.

3. Gerrhonotus scincicauda Skilton.

PLATE VII, Figs. 3-4.

Gerrhonotus scincicauda Van Denburgh, Occas. Papers, Cal. Acad. Sci. 5,

1897, p. 106.

I am unable to distinguish six specimens (Cal. Acad. Sci. Nos. 3881-

3883 and 3896-3898) collected on Santa Rosa Island from the
species now known as G. scincicauda; that is to say, the form with
fourteen longitudinal rows of scales, single interoccipital plate, large
azygous prefrontal, longitudinal lines along the middle of each row
of ventral scales, and smooth temporals. This clearly is the form to
which Baird and Girard applied the name G. scincicauda, but that it
is the species originally described by Skilton seems far from certain.
[5]

The specimens from Santa Rosa Island all have dorsals in fourteen
longitudinal series. The number of transverse series between the
interoccipital plate and the backs of the thighs is fifty in one
specimen, fifty-one in three, fifty-two in one, and fifty-three in one.
One has the brachial scales very weakly keeled. They were collected
by Dr. Gustav Eisen in June, 1897.
 Santa Cruz Island.
A Hyla and two species of lizards have heretofore been recorded as
inhabiting Santa Cruz Island. Another lizard is here reported for the
first time.

1. Hyla regilla Baird & Girard.

Hyla regilla Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 24, 1882, p. 171; Cope, Bull. U.
S. Nat. Mus. no. 34, 1889, p. 360.

Yarrow and Cope record this species as having been collected on

Santa Cruz Island by Mr. H. W. Henshaw in June, 1875, but another
portion of the same lot of specimens (U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 8686) is
stated to be from Santa Cruz, California. Mr. Henshaw tells me he
never has collected in Santa Cruz County, and that these specimens
unquestionably came from Santa Cruz Island where he collected in
the summer of 1875.

2. Uta stansburiana Baird & Girard.

Uta stansburiana Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 24, 1882, p. 56; Townsend,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. v. 13, 1890, p. 144; Van Denburgh, Occas. Papers, Cal.
Acad. Sci. 5, 1897, p. 68; Cope, Report, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1898 (1900), p. 310.

The register of the United States National Museum states that two
specimens of this lizard (No. 8619) were collected by Dr. O. Loew, on
Santa Cruz Island in June, 1875. These lizards are still in the
National collection and are of considerable interest since they, and
two from Ana Capa Island, are the only ones I have seen which
approach the San Benito Island Uta (described below) in the
character of their dorsal lepidosis. That these specimens actually
were collected by Dr. Loew on Santa Cruz Island is, I think, open to
little doubt, since he, with Mr. H. W. Henshaw and Dr. J. T. Rothrock,
visited this island in June, 1875.[6]
A series of eight specimens collected on Santa Cruz Island, February
7, 1889, by Mr. C. H. Townsend of the U. S. Fish Commission, (U. S.
Nat. Mus. Nos. 15909-15917) are all of the ordinary Uta
stansburiana type with imbricate dorsals and mucronate caudals.
Four others, taken by Mr. Joseph Grinnell at Friar's Harbor, Santa
Cruz Island, are also of the usual type. These have femoral pores
13-14, 15-15, 12-13, and 15-15.

3. Sceloporus biseriatus becki Van Denburgh.

Mr. Joseph Grinnell has kindly sent me five specimens of the
Sceloporus of Santa Cruz Island, three of which he has given to the
Academy. All five show the characteristic coloration of S. becki.
Three have the supraoculars in contact with the frontoparietals on
both sides of the head, one has these scales in contact on one side
but separated on the other, and the fifth specimen has granules
intervening on both sides.

4. Gerrhonotus scincicauda Skilton.

Gerrhonotus scincicaudus Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 24, 1882, p. 48;
Van Denburgh, Occas. Papers, Cal. Acad. Sci. 5, 1897, p. 106.
Gerrhonotus multicarinatus Cope, Report, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1898 (1900), p.
525.

Yarrow and Cope record two specimens (U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 8626)
collected on Santa Cruz Island by Mr. H. W. Henshaw in June, 1875.
One of these is still in the National Museum, where I examined it
some years ago.

Ana Capa Island.

I believe no reptiles have been recorded from Ana Capa. Only the
following species has come into my hands.
 1. Uta stansburiana Baird & Girard.
Mr. Joseph Grinnell has sent me seven specimens collected on Ana
Capa Island, September 4, 1903. Five of these are typical U.
stansburiana, but the other two have dorsals similar to those of the
two specimens collected by Dr. Loew on Santa Cruz Island; that is to
say, they approach in this respect the Uta of San Benito Island. The
dorsal scales, however, are well keeled and the caudals are of the
normal type. The femoral pores in the Ana Capa specimens are 14-
14, 14-15, 14-?, 14-15, 14-14, 14-15, and 14-15.

San Nicolas Island.

San Nicolas Island is the type locality of Xantusia riversiana. No
other reptile has been found there.

1. Xantusia riversiana Cope.

Plate V, Fig. 2.

Xantusia riversiana Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1883, p. 29; Rivers, Am.
Nat. v. 23, 1889, p. 1100; Van Denburgh, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 2d ser. v. 5,
1895, p. 534; Van Denburgh, Occas. Papers, Cal. Acad. Sci. 5, 1897, p. 132;
Cope, Report, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1898 (1900), p. 552.

In describing this species Cope failed to state where his specimens

were collected. Rivers later assigned them to San Nicolas Island, but
the matter has remained open to question. I am, therefore, very
glad to be able to record the fact that Mr. Joseph Grinnell has sent
me three specimens of this Xantusia taken by himself on San Nicolas
Island, May 22-23, 1897. One of these specimens is uniform drab,
with a few dark spots. The others are of the handsome striped style
of coloration (see plate).
 Santa Barbara Island.
I believe no reptiles or amphibians have been recorded from this
island. I have seen only the following species:

1. Xantusia riversiana Cope.

Mr. Joseph Grinnell has sent me four Xantusias from Santa Barbara
Island. They are smaller than the specimens I have seen from the
other islands, but seem to differ in no other respect. The largest is
64 mm. from snout to vent. All are dark drab above with small,
discrete black spots. One shows traces of longitudinal dorsal bands
near the tail.

Santa Catalina Island.

One salamander, two lizards, and a rattlesnake have been taken on
Santa Catalina.

1. Batrachoseps attenuatus (Eschscholtz).

A single specimen collected at Avalon, Santa Catalina Island, by Mr.
A. M. Drake (Cal. Acad. Sci. No. 3726) seems indistinguishable from
the mainland species. It has nineteen costal grooves, slender limbs,
and narrow head. The coloration is uniform slaty brown above, paler
below. Three specimens secured on this island by Mr. Fuchs differ
from this one only in the slightly paler coloration.

2. Uta stansburiana Baird & Girard.

Uta stansburiana Cope, Report, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1898 (1900), p. 311.

This lizard has been recorded from Santa Catalina by Professor
Cope. Two specimens collected at Avalon by Mr. J. I. Carlson are in
the collection of the Academy (Nos. 4754 and 4755). They seem to
be fairly typical U. stansburiana with moderately imbricate dorsals.
The femoral pores are thirteen or fourteen.

3. Xantusia riversiana Cope.

Xantusia riversiana Rivers, Am. Nat. v. 23, 1889, p. 1100; Van Denburgh, Proc.
Cal. Acad. Sci. 2d ser. v. 5, 1895, p. 534; Van Denburgh, Occas. Papers, Cal.
Acad. Sci. 5, 1897, p. 132.

I have seen no specimens of this lizard from Santa Catalina, but Mr.
J. J. Rivers states that he has received several from this island.

4. Crotalus oregonus Holbrook.

Crotalus lucifer Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 24, 1882, p. 76; Stejneger,
Report, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1893 (1895), p. 447.

Yarrow records a rattlesnake as having been taken by Mr. P.

Schumacher on Santa Catalina Island in 1876. Stejneger also refers
to its presence there. I have seen no snakes from any of the
Californian islands.

San Clemente Island.

Two species of lizards are known from this island.

1. Uta stansburiana Baird & Girard.

Uta stansburiana Townsend, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. v. 13, 1890, p. 144; Van
Denburgh, Occas. Papers, Cal. Acad. Sci. 5, 1897, p. 68; Cope, Report, U. S.
Nat. Mus. 1898 (1900), pp. 310, 311.
Two specimens were taken on San Clemente Island by C. H.
Townsend in 1889. Mr. A. W. Anthony and Dr. E. A. Mearns also
found the species there and sent specimens to the National
Museum.
I have examined those collected by Mr. Townsend and Mr. Anthony
and six specimens sent me by Mr. Joseph Grinnell, of which three
are now in the collection of the Academy, and am unable to
distinguish the island lizards from the form originally described by
Baird and Girard. The femoral pores in three specimens are eleven,
twelve, and fourteen.

2. Xantusia riversiana Cope.

Plate V, Fig. 1.

Xantusia riversiana Cope, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. v. 12, 1889, p. 147; Van
Denburgh, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 2d ser. v. 5, 1895, p. 534; Van Denburgh,
Occas. Papers, Cal. Acad. Sci. 5, 1897, p. 132; Cope, Report, U. S. Nat. Mus.
1898 (1900), pp. 552, 553.

This lizard was found on San Clemente by Mr. C. H. Townsend. I

have examined several specimens in the collections of the University
of California and the California Academy of Sciences without finding
differences between them and specimens from San Nicolas and
Santa Barbara Islands.

Los Coronados.
I believe that only one reptile from Los Coronados is represented in
collections, but I am informed that several other kinds, including
Gerrhonotus and Hypsiglena, occur on these islands[7].

1. Crotalus oregonus Holbrook.

 Crotalus adamanteus atrox Streets, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 7, 1877, p. 40;
Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 24, 1882, p. 75 [part].
Crotalus atrox Van Denburgh, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 2d ser. v. 5, 1895, p. 156
[part].
Crotalus lucifer Stejneger, Report, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1893 (1895), pp. 445, 447.
Crotalus confluentus confluentus Cope, Report, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1898 (1900),
p. 1173 [part].

Streets recorded as Crotalus adamanteus atrox a rattlesnake which

he secured on Los Coronados. Dr. Stejneger has shown that this
specimen, which is still in the National Museum, is a Pacific
Rattlesnake.

San Martin Island.

The only reptile heretofore known from San Martin is a gopher snake
found by Dr. Streets. The Academy has also specimens of two
species of lizards from the island, both of which are here described
as new. The Uta probably is confined to the island, while the
Gerrhonotus seems to be found throughout the San Diegan Fauna.
1. Uta martinensis sp. nov.
Plate VI.

Diagnosis.—Similar to U. stansburiana but larger; fifth toe reaching to or

beyond end of second; dorsals imbricate, mucronate, strongly keeled; scales
on upper surfaces of arm and thigh keeled; scales of ear-denticulation longer
than the longest diameter of largest temporal; caudals large, imbricate,
strongly keeled and mucronate.
Type.—Adult male, Cal. Acad. Sci. No. 4698, San Martin Island, Lower
California, Mexico, R. H. Beck, May 3, 1903.
Description of the Type.—Body and head considerably depressed; snout low,
rounded; nostrils large, opening upward and outward nearer to end of snout
than to orbit; head plates large, smooth, nearly flat, interparietal largest;
frontal divided transversely; 3 or 4 enlarged supraoculars, separated from the
frontals and frontoparietals by 1 series of small plates; superciliaries long,
narrow and projecting; central subocular very long, narrow and strongly
keeled; rostral and supralabials long and low; 6 supralabials; symphyseal
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