Chapter 1 :
Functions
Chapter 1 : Functions
01
Representing Functions
02
Evaluating Functions
03
Operations on Functions
CONCEPTS
Definitions and Formula
Relation is a rule that relates values
from a set of values (called the
domain) to a second set of values
(called the range). It is a set of
ordered pairs (x,y).
Function is a relation defined as a set of
ordered pairs (x,y) where no two or
distinct ordered pairs have the same first
element (x). It has a special relationship
where each input has a single output.
Examples
Determine whether the given relation is a FUNCTION or a mere RELATION.
A = {(1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5)} FUNCTION
B = {(1,0), (0, 1), (-1,0), (0,-1)}
C = {(3,3), (4,4), (5,5), (6,6)} FUNCTION
D = {(a,b), (b, c), (c,d), (a,d)}
Examples
Determine whether the given relation is a FUNCTION or a mere RELATION.
x -3 -2 -1 -1 0 x 10 11 12 23 27
A C
y 5 4 3 2 1 y 5 5 4 4 1
FUNCTION
x 1 4 9 16 25 x 0 1 0 1 0
B D
y 1 4 9 16 25 y 1 0 1 0 1
FUNCTION
Examples
Determine whether the given relation is a FUNCTION or a mere RELATION.
Samson Solomon
Shadrach Salome
Samuel Sarah
FUNCTION FUNCTION
Examples
RULES
A. Each person to the name of his father.
FUNCTION
B. A chemical element to its chemical symbol.
FUNCTION
C. Each cellular phone unit to its phone number.
D. A capital city to each province.
FUNCTION
Examples
Which of the following can be the graphs of a function?
It is a visual way to determine if a curve
is a graph of a function or not. A graph
of a relation is a function if any vertical
line drawn passing through the graph
intersects it at exactly one point.
Examples
Which of the following can be the graphs of a function?
FUNCTION FUNCTION
Examples
Representations of Real-Life Situations
Give a function S that represents the
cost of buying x pair of shoes.
If one pair of shoes costs P 1,500.00.
Examples
Representations of Real-Life Situations
Give a function B that can represent the
amount of battery charge of a cellular
phone in h hour, if 12% of battery was
lost every hour.
Examples
Representations of Real-Life Situations
If distance (D) is a function of time (t),
give a function D that can represent the
distance a car travels in t time, if every
hour the car travels 60 kilometers.
D(t) = 60t
These functions are defined
compositely using several
expressions and different interval
domains.
PIECEWISE FUNCTION
Examples
Representations of Real-Life Situations
Deemer rides a jeepney to go to the
market which is 14 km away from his
house. The fare rate is P8.00 for the first
4km and an additional P1.40 for every
kilometer or a fraction of it thereafter.
Examples
Representations of Real-Life Situations
Examples
Representations of Real-Life Situations
A cellphone plan costs P350 a month.
The plan includes 480 free minutes of
calls and charges P7 for each additional
minute of usage.
Activity : Identify the following if it is a FUNCTION or NOT.
1. 2. 3.
4.
5.
6.
7. 8. 9. 10.
Activity : Identify the following if it is a FUNCTION or NOT.
1. Not a Function Function 6.
2. Function 7. Function
3. Function 8. Not a Function
4. Function 9. Not a Function
5. Not a Function 10 Function
.
It is the process of determining the
value of the function at the number
assigned to a given variable. It means
substituting the variable with a value
to compute for the result.
EVALUATING A FUNCTION
Examples
Evaluate the function according to the given condition.
Examples
Evaluate the function according to the given condition.
Examples
Evaluate the function according to the given condition.
Examples
Evaluate the function according to the given condition.
= 2 −1 − 1 = −3
=2 0 −1 = −1
=6 −1 = 35
OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
ADDITION OF FUNCTIONS
Examples
Examples
Find (𝑓 + 𝑔) 3
𝑓 3 =5 3 +1 𝑔 3 =5 3 −1
𝑓 3 = 16 𝑔 3 = 14
𝑓 + 𝑔 3 = 16 + 14
𝑓 + 𝑔 3 = 30
SUBTRACTION OF FUNCTIONS
Examples
Examples
Find f 3 − 𝑔 0
𝑓 3 =5 3 +1 𝑔 0 =5 0 −1
𝑓 3 = 16 𝑔 0 = −1
𝑓 3 − 𝑔(0) = 16 − (−1)
𝑓 3 − 𝑔(0) = 17
MULTIPLICATION OF FUNCTIONS
Examples
DIVISION OF FUNCTIONS
Examples
Examples
COMPOSITION OF FUNCTIONS
Examples
Examples
Activity : Perform the indicated operation
Given: 𝑓 𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 5 𝑔 𝑥 =𝑥 −1
1. 4.
2. 5.
3.
Activity : Perform the indicated operation
1. 𝑓 + 𝑔 2 = 14
2. 𝑔 − 𝑓 −1 = −2
3. 𝑓 𝑔 0 = −5
𝑔
4. 1 =0
𝑓
5. 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 2
