New
syllabus
Chapter 11 2023-24
Strings
Computer Science
Class XI ( As per CBSE Board)
String
String is a sequence of characters, which is enclosed
between either single (' ') or double quotes (" "),
python treats both single and double quotes same.
String
Iterating/Traversing through string
Each character of the string can be accessed sequentially using C
for loop. o
m
p
u
e.g.
t
e
r
str='Computer Sciene‘ OUTPUT S
for i in str: c
print(i) i
e
n
e
String
Creating String
Creation of string in python is very easy.
e.g.
a=‘Computer Science'
b=“Informatics Practices“
Accessing String
Elements e.g.
str='Computer Sciene' ('str-', 'Computer Sciene')
print('str-', str) ('str[0]-', 'C')
print('str[0]-', str[0]) ('str[1:4]-', 'omp')
print('str[1:4]-', str[1:4]) ('str[2:]-', 'mputer Sciene')
print('str[2:]-', str[2:]) ('str *2-', 'Computer
print('str *2-', str *2 ) OUTPUT ScieneComputer Sciene')
print("str +'yes'-", str +'yes') ("str +'yes'-", 'Computer
Scieneyes')
String
String comparison
We can use ( > , < , <= , <= , == , != ) to compare two strings. Python
compares string lexicographically i.e using ASCII value of the
characters.
Suppose you have str1 as "Maria" and str2 as "Manoj" . The first two
characters from str1 and str2 ( M and M ) are compared. As they are
equal, the second two characters are compared. Because they are also
equal, the third two characters ( r and n ) are compared. And because
'r' has greater ASCII value than ‘n' , str1 is greater than str2 .
e.g.program
OUTPUT
print("Maria" == "Manoj")
False
print("Maria" != "Manoj")
True
print("Maria" > "Manoj")
True
print("Maria" >= "Manoj")
True
print("Maria" < "Manoj")
False
print("Maria" <= "Manoj")
False
print("Maria" > "")
True
String
Updating Strings
String value can be updated by reassigning another value
in it.
e.g.
var1 = 'Comp Sc'
var1 = var1[:7] + ' with Python'
print ("Updated String :- ",var1 )
OUTPUT
('Updated String :- ', 'Comp Sc with Python')
String
String Special Operators
e.g.
a=“comp”
B=“sc”
Operator Description Example
+ Concatenation – to add two strings a + b = comp sc
* Replicate same string multiple times (Repetition) a*2 = compcomp
[] Character of the string a[1] will give o
[:] Range Slice –Range string a[1:4] will give omp
check
in Membership p in a will give 1
not in Membership check for non availability M not in a will give 1
% Format the string
print ("My Subject is %s and class is %d" % ('Comp Sc', 11))
String
Format Symbol
%s -string conversion via str() prior to
formatting %i -signed decimal integer %d -
signed decimal integer
%u -unsigned decimal integer
%o -octal integer
%x -hexadecimal integer (lowercase letters)
%X -hexadecimal integer (UPPERcase letters)
%e -exponential notation (with lowercase 'e')
%E -exponential notation (with UPPERcase 'E')
%f -floating point real number
%c -character
%G -the shorter of %f and %E
String
Triple Quotes
It is used to create string with multiple lines.
e.g.
Str1 = “””This course will introduce the learner to text
mining and text manipulation basics. The course begins with
an understanding of how text is handled by python”””
String
String functions and methods
a=“comp”
b=“my comp”
Method Result Example
len() Returns the length of the string r=len(a) will be 4
str.capitalize() To capitalize the string r=a.capitalize() will be “COMP”
str.title() Will return title case string
str.upper() Will return string in upper case r=a.upper() will be “COMP”
str.lower() Will return string in lower case r=a.upper() will be “comp”
will return the total count of a
str.count() r=a.count(‘o’) will be 1
given element in a string
To find the substring position(starts r=a.find (‘m’) will be 2
str.find(sub)
from 0 index)
Return the string with replaced sub r=b.replace(‘my’,’your’) will be ‘your
str.replace()
strings comp’
String
String functions and methods
a=“comp”
Method Result Example
r=a.index(‘om’) will
str.index() Returns index position of substring
be 1
String consists of only alphanumeric characters (no r=a.isalnum() will
str.isalnum()
symbols) return True
str.isalpha() String consists of only alphabetic characters (no symbols)
str.islower() String’s alphabetic characters are all lower case
str.isnumeric() String consists of only numeric characters
str.isspace() String consists of only whitespace characters
str.istitle() String is in title case
str.isupper() String’s alphabetic characters are all upper case
String
String functions and methods
a=“comp”
Method Result Example
b=‘**comp’;
str.lstrip(char) Returns a copy of the string with leading/trailing
r=b.lstrin() will be
str.rstrip(char) characters removed
‘comp’
Removes specific character from leading and trailing
str.strip(char)
position
b=‘my comp’;
r=b.split() will be
str.split() Returns list of strings as splitted
[‘my’,‘comp’]
b=‘my comp’;
r=b.partition(‘comp’
str.partition() Partition the string on first occurrence of substring
) will be
[‘my’,‘comp’]
String
#Python Program to calculate the number of digits
and letters in a string
string=raw_input("Enter string:")
count1=0
count2=0
for i in string:
if(i.isdigit()):
count1=count1+1
count2=count2+1
print("The number of digits
is:") print(count1)
print("The number of characters is:")
print(count2)
String
Searching for Substrings
E.g. program
METHOD NAME METHODS DESCRIPTION:
endswith(s1: str): bool Returns True if strings ends
s = "welcome to python"
with substring s1 print(s.endswith("thon"))
startswith(s1: str): bool Returns True if strings starts
print(s.startswith("good"))
with substring s1 print(s.find("come"))
count(substring): int Returns number of
print(s.find("become"))
occurrences of substring the print(s.rfind("o"))
string print(s.count("o"))
find(s1): int Returns lowest index from
where s1 starts in the string, OUTPUT
if string not found returns -1 True
False
rfind(s1): int Returns highest index from 3
where s1 starts in the string,
if string not found returns -1 -1
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