G.S.

HUB CIVIL SERVICES CLASSES

B.P.S.C ( C.S.E) By RITESH ANAND
MENTORSHIP PROGRAM 8287417384
ANJALI JOSHI (4th Rank Holder 68th BPSC)

Indian Parliament
• Resignation: Addressed to President
1. Parliamentary Structure • Pro-tem Speaker: Presides over first session of
Article 79: President + Rajya Sabha + Lok Sabha newly elected Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha: • Deputy Speaker / Deputy Chairman:
• Maximum Members: 552 (530 from states + 20 Discharges duties in absence
from Union Territories + 2 Anglo-Indians)
• 104th Amendment, 2019: Nomination of 4. Parliamentary Procedures
Anglo-Indians abolished. • Sessions: 3 in a year (Budget, Monsoon,
• Present Members: 545 Winter)
• Tenure: 5 years (extendable by 1 year during • Quorum: 1/10th of total members (Lok Sabha:
Emergency) 55, Rajya Sabha: 25)
• Elections: Direct (Universal Adult Franchise, 18 Types of Bills:
years) • Money Bill (Article 110): Introduced only in Lok
Rajya Sabha: Sabha, Rajya Sabha can recommend within 14
• Maximum Members: 250 (238 elected + 12 days
nominated) • Ordinary Bill: Requires approval from both
• Present Members: 245 Houses
• Tenure: Permanent House (1/3 members retire • Joint Sitting (Article 108): In case of deadlock
every 2 years) (Presided by Speaker)
• Elections: Indirect (by State Legislatures
through STV system) 5. Special Powers
Lok Sabha:
2. Qualifications & Disqualifications • Right to bring No Confidence Motion (can
Qualifications (Article 84): remove Council of Ministers)
• Lok Sabha: 25 years | Rajya Sabha: 30 years • Exclusive rights on Money Bills
• Indian citizen + voter of parliamentary Rajya Sabha:
constituency • Can authorize Parliament to make laws on
Disqualifications (Article 102 + RPA 1951): State List subjects (Article 249)
• Office of Profit, Insolvency, Unsound Mind • Can create All India Services (Article 312)
Defection (10th Schedule): Voluntarily giving up party/
voting against party 6. Parliamentary Committees
• Decider: Lok Sabha Speaker / Rajya Sabha Committee Key Role
Chairman PAC (Public Accounts Audit of government
Committee) expenditure
3. Presiding Officers
COPU (Committee on Public Review of public
Lok Sabha Speaker | Rajya Sabha Chairman
Undertakings) enterprises
• Selection: By Lok Sabha Members | Ex-officio:
Vice President DRSC (Department Related Examination of
• Powers: Certifies money bill (final), presides Standing Committee) ministry functions
over joint sitting, decides defection cases Decides parliamentary
Rules Committee
• Powers: Conducts House proceedings, casting procedures
vote in tie
• Removal Process: Resolution with absolute 7. Historical & Current References
majority, 14-day prior notice

Add- New Chanakya Nagar, M. N Roy Gali, Begusarai

 G.S. HUB CIVIL SERVICES CLASSES
B.P.S.C ( C.S.E) By RITESH ANAND
MENTORSHIP PROGRAM 8287417384
ANJALI JOSHI (4th Rank Holder 68th BPSC)

• First Lok Sabha Speaker: G.V. Mavalankar Amendment Importance

(1952) bound by Cabinet advice. Removed
• Longest Debate: 44th Amendment (1978), over
judicial review from Preamble
30+ hours (restored later by 44th).
• Women’s Reservation Bill (2023): Passed in
Reversed several 42nd provisions.
both Houses – 33% reservation (yet to be
Removed Right to Property as FR
implemented)
(now legal right under Art. 300A).
• Record Attendance: 97% in 17th Lok Sabha
Required written Cabinet advice to
(2019–24)
impose Emergency. Removed power
44th (1978):
to impose Emergency based on
8. Major Constitutional Amendments
'internal disturbance'. Fixed Lok
Amendment Importance Sabha/Assembly tenure at 5 years
Empowered reasonable restrictions (even in Emergency). Restored
on fundamental rights. Provided Preamble under judicial review.
constitutional protection for SC/ST 52nd (1985) –
1st (1951):
reservations in education & jobs. Anti-Defection Added 10th Schedule to
Words 'Socialist' & 'Secular' later Law: constitutionally prevent defection.
added via 42nd Amendment.
Lowered voting age from 21 to 18
Reorganized states (on linguistic 61st (1989): (Article 326).
7th (1956): basis), introduced UTs, determined
Rajya Sabha seats. Added Konkani, Manipuri, Nepali to
71st (1992):
8th Schedule.
Incorporated Dadra & Nagar Haveli
10th (1961): Gave Panchayati Raj constitutional
into India.
73rd (1992): status (Article 243); Added 11th
Incorporated Goa, Daman, and Diu
12th (1962): Schedule.
into India.
Gave Municipalities constitutional
Granted statehood to Nagaland; 74th (1992):
13th (1962): status (Articles 243P–243ZG); Added
special provisions under Article 371A. 12th Schedule.
Made Puducherry a Union Territory;
14th (1962): Made education a Fundamental
assemblies for UTs established. Right (Art. 21A). State duty for
Weakened Right to Property; 86th (2002): elementary education (Art. 45).
replaced “procedure established by Parental duty to educate children 6–
25th (1971):
law” with “legal procedure”. Crucial 14 yrs (Art. 51A(k)).
in Kesavananda Bharati case (1973). Modified reservation for STs in Bodo,
Abolished privy purses, privileges, 90th (2003): Cachar etc. to benefit both listed &
26th (1971):
and titles of princely rulers. non-listed STs.
Increased Lok Sabha seats from 525 Transferred power to extend Delhi
31st (1973):
to 545. (525 for states + 20 for UTs) 99th (2003): Assembly’s tenure from Parliament
36th (1975): Made Sikkim the 22nd state of India. to President (Articles 172 & 239AA).
Widest changes during Emergency. Implemented Goods and Services
Added 'Socialist', 'Secular', 'Unity and Tax (GST). Established GST Council
42nd (1976) – 101st (2016):
Integrity' in Preamble. Added (Art. 279A). Gave concurrent power
"Mini
Fundamental Duties (Art. 51A). Gave to Centre and States to levy GST.
Constitution":
DPSP priority over FRs. Extended
Emergency duration. Made President

Add- New Chanakya Nagar, M. N Roy Gali, Begusarai

 G.S. HUB CIVIL SERVICES CLASSES
B.P.S.C ( C.S.E) By RITESH ANAND
MENTORSHIP PROGRAM 8287417384
ANJALI JOSHI (4th Rank Holder 68th BPSC)

Amendment Importance
Gave NCBC constitutional status (Art.
102nd (2018): 338B). Gave President power to
identify SEBCs (Art. 342A).
Introduced 10% EWS reservation.
103rd (2019):
Added Articles 15(6) & 16(6).
Extended SC/ST reservation in Lok
Sabha & State Assemblies till 2030.
104th (2019):
Extended reservation in autonomous
councils in Scheduled Areas.
Restored state power to identify
105th (2021): SEBCs. Brought after SC's decision in
Maratha reservation case.
Women’s Reservation Bill. Passed
with large majority. 1/3 seats
reserved for women in Lok Sabha,
State Assemblies & Delhi Assembly.
106th (2023):
Within SC/ST seats too, 1/3 reserved
for women. Implementation
timeline: After census & delimitation
(likely from 2029).

Add- New Chanakya Nagar, M. N Roy Gali, Begusarai