ELECTRICITY

Previous Years’ Questions Solved

 INDEX
Sr. No. Contents Page Number
1 1 Mark Questions – Solved 2-5
2 2 Mark Questions – Solved 6-8
3 3 Mark Questions – Solved 9-12
4 4 Mark Questions – Solved 13-14

1
 1 Mark Questions – Solved
1. The resistance of a conductor is 27Ω. If it is cut into three
equal parts and connected in parallel, then its total
resistance is
(A) 6 Ω (B) 3 Ω (C) 9 Ω (D) 27 Ω (April 2019)
Ans: (B) 3Ω
Explanation: When the resistance of 27Ω is cut to three equal parts,
each part has resistance of 27/3 = 9Ω
When these are connected in parallel
1 1 1 1 3 1
= + + = =
𝑅! 9 9 9 9 3
𝑅! = 3Ω

2. What is the SI unit of potential difference? Name the

device used to measure the potential difference.
(Mar 2020)
Ans: SI unit of potential difference is volt (V)
Device used to measure it is voltmeter

3. An electric lamp whose resistance is 30 Ω and a

conductor of 6 Ω resistance are connected in series to
9V battery as shown in the figure. The total current
flowing in the circuit is (Apr 2021)
(A) 4 A (B) 36 A
(C) 0.25 A (D) 0.6 A

Ans: c) 0.25

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 4. The metal used in the filament of an electric bulb is
(A) manganese (B) tungsten
(C) nickel (D) chromium (Apr 2021)
Ans: B) tungsten
5. A device used to change the resistance in the electric
circuit is
(A) voltmeter (B) ammeter
(C) galvanometer (D) rheostat (Apr 2021)
Ans: D) rheostat

6. ‘Ohm’ is the SI unit of (Apr 2021)

(A) electric potential difference (B) resistance
(C) electric current (D) electric charge
Ans: B) resistance

7. The correct formula that shows the relationship

between potential difference, electric current and
resistance in an electric circuit is (Mar 2022)
(A) I =VR (B) I = VR
(C) V = RI (D) R =IV
Ans: C) V=RI
8. The device used to measure the rate of current in a
circuit is
(A) Ammeter (B) Voltmeter
(C) Galvanometer (D) Battery (Apr 2023)
Ans: A) Ammeter
9. Write the symbols of the following components used in
an electric circuit.
i) Rheostat
ii) Wires crossing without joining (Apr 2023)
Ans: i) Rheostat

ii) Wires crossing without joining

3
 10. In an electric circuit to get an equivalent resistance
Rs four resistors of 2Ω each are first connected in
series. Later to get an equivalent resistance of RP the
same resistors are connected in parallel. Then the ratio
of RS/RP, is
(A) 16:1 (C) 4:1 (B) 2:1 (D) 8:1 (Mar 2024)
Ans: A) 16:1
Explanation:
RS = 2+2+2+2 = 8Ω
RP = R/n= 2/4 = 0.5Ω
RS/RP = 8/0.5 = 16/1

11. Write the symbols of the following components used in

an electric circuit
i) Combination of cells
ii) Wires crossing without joining (Mar 2024)
Ans:
i) Combination of cells

ii) Wires crossing without joining

12.Can an electric heater of 2kW be connected to a

domestic circuit rated 15 A and has a potential
difference of 220V ? Support your answer
(Mar 2024)
Ans: We know P=VI

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 If P=2kW, V=220V, then the current drawn (I) by the
heater is:
I = P/V = 2kW/220 = 9.09A
Current drawn by the heater is less than the rated 15A of
the circuit. Hence it can be connected safely.

13. Draw a symbol diagram of a resistor used in an electric

circuit.
(Mar 2025)

Ans: Resistor

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 2 Mark Questions – Solved
14. Draw the diagram of an electric circuit in which the
resistors R1, R2 and R3 are connected in parallel including
an ammeter and a voltmeter and mark the direction of the
current. (April 2019)
Ans:

15. It is advantageous to connect electric devices in parallel

instead of connecting them in series. Why? (April 2019)
Ans:
• In a series circuit, if one component fails, the circuit is
broken and none of the components work. But in a parallel
circuit current divides through the electrical gadgets.
• Overall resistance of the circuit is less.
• Current gets divided in parallel circuits
16. According to Joule’s law of heating, mention the factors on
which heat produced in a resistor depends. According to
this law write the formula used to calculate the heat
produced. (April 2019)
Ans: Heat (H) produced in a resistor is
i) directly proportional to the square of current (I) for a given
resistance
ii) directly proportional to resistance(R) for a given current
and,
iii) directly proportional to the time (t) for which the current
flows through the resistor
Formula: 𝐻 = 𝐼" 𝑅𝑡

6
 17. An electric refrigerator rated 400 W is used for 8 hours a
day. An electric iron box rated 750 W is used for 2 hours a
day. Calculate the cost of using these appliances for 30
days, if the cost of 1 kWh is Rs. 3/-. (April 2019)
Ans: Energy consumed by refrigerator = 400x8x30 = 96000Wh =
96kWh
Energy consumed by Iron box = 750x2x30 = 45000Wh =
45kWh
Total Energy consumed = 96+45 = 141 kWh
Cost = 141x3 = Rs. 423
18. The resistivity of manganese wire of length 1 m is
1·84x10−6Ωm at 20°C. If the diameter of the wire is 3x10− 4 m,
what will be the resistance of the wire at that temperature?
(March 2020)
Ans: Given: Length l = 1m
Resistivity 𝜌 = 1·84x10−6Ωm
Radius r= Diameter/2 = 3x10-4/2 = 1.5x10-4
Resistance R = 𝜌l/A = 𝜌l/𝜋r2 = (1·84x10−6 x 1)/(3.14x (1.5x10-4)2) =
26.02Ω

19. Calculate the total resistance in the circuit and the total
current flowing in the circuit. (Mar 2020)

Ans: V = 6V, I=?, R=?

1 1 1 1 4
= + + = =1
𝑅! 2 4 4 4
𝑅! = 1Ω
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 Total resistance 𝑅 = 𝑅! + 5 = 1 + 5 = 6Ω
Total current I = V/R = 6/6 = 1A

20. Draw the schematic diagram of an electric circuit

comprising of electric cell, electric bulb, ammeter and
plug key. (Mar 2022)
Ans:

3 Mark Questions – Solved

21.State Joule’s law of heating. Explain the working of
electric filament bulb (Mar 2020)

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Ans: According to Joule’s law, the heat produced in a resistor is
directly proportional to
• The square of the current for a given resistor
• The resistance for a given current
• The time for which the current flows through the resistor.

• A strong metal with high melting point such as tungsten is

used for making bulb filaments.
• The bulbs are usually filled with chemically inactive
nitrogen and argon gases to prolong the life of the
filament.
• Most of the power consumed by the filament appears as
heat, but a small part of it is in the form of light radiated.
22. State Ohm’s law. How ammeter and voltmeter
should be connected in electric circuit? What is the use
of these instruments, in the circuit?
(Mar 2020)
Ans:
Ohm’s Law: At constant temperature, the potential
difference, V, across the ends of a given metallic wire in an
electric circuit is directly proportional to the current flowing
through it.

Ammeter should be connected in series and Voltmeter

should be connected in Parallel in electric circuit.
Ammeter is used to measure electric current (I).
Voltmeter is used to measure the potential difference (V)

23. State Ohm’s law. On which factors does the

resistance of a conductor depend? Mention the SI unit
of electric power. (Apr 2023)
Ans: Ohm’s law: At constant temperature, the potential
difference, V, across the ends of a given metallic wire in

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 an electric circuit is directly proportional to the current
flowing through it.
Factors affecting resistance:
(i) The length of the conductor.
(ii) Area of cross-section of the conductor.
(iii) The nature of the material.
(iv) The temperature.

SI unit of electric power is watt (W)

24. State Joule’s law of heating. How is fuse connected
in the circuits? Name the metal used in the filament
and the gas filled in electric bulb (Apr
2023)
Ans:
Joule’s Law: Heat produced in a resistor is
i) directly proportional to the square of current for a given
resistance
ii) directly proportional to resistance for a given current
and,
iii) directly proportional to the time for which the current
flows through the resistor

The fuse is connected in series with the circuits.

The metal used in the filament is Tungsten, and the gas
filled in the electric bulb are Nitrogen or Argon.

25. The resistors R1 , R2 and R3 have the values 10 Ω, 20

Ω and 60 Ω respectively, which have been parallelly
connected to a battery of 24 V in an electric circuit.
Then calculate the following : (Apr 2023)
i) The current flowing through each resistor
ii) The total current in the circuit
iii) The total resistance of the circuit.
Ans: (i) Current flowing through each resistor

10
 𝑉 24
𝐼" = = = 2.4𝐴
𝑅" 10
𝑉 24
𝐼# = = = 1.2𝐴
𝑅# 20
𝑉 24
𝐼$ = = = 0.4𝐴
𝑅$ 60

(ii)Total current in the circuit

𝐼 = 𝐼" + 𝐼# + 𝐼$ = 2.4 + 1.2 + 0.4 = 4𝐴

(iii) Total resistance of the circuit
𝑉 24
𝑅= = = 6Ω
𝐼 4
26. 200J of heat is produced in one second from a
resistor of resistance 8 ohm . Find the potential
difference across the resistor.
(Mar 2024)
Ans: H= 200J, R=8Ω , t=1s, V=?

𝐻 = 𝐼# 𝑅𝑡
𝐻
𝐼=2
𝑅𝑡

200
𝐼=2
8×1
𝐼 = 5𝐴
27. An electric refrigerator rated 300W operates 6
hours in a day. What is the cost of the energy to
operate it for 30 days at Rs. 7.00 per kWh ?
(Mar 2024)
Ans:

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 Energy consumed by refrigerator = 300W x 6 hr/day x 30
days = 5400Wh= 54kWh
Total cost = 54kWh x Rs. 7 = Rs. 378
28. a) State Ohm's law.
b) Write the factors on which the resistance of a
conductor depends on
(Mar 2025)
Ans:
a) The potential difference, V, across the ends of a given
metallic wire in an electric circuit is directly proportional
to the current flowing through it, provided its
temperature remains the same.
b)
Resistance of the conductor depends on:
(i) its length
(ii) its area of cross-section
(iii) the nature of material
(iv) temperature

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 4 Mark Questions – Solved
29. (a) What are the advantages of connecting
electrical devices in parallel in an electric circuit
instead of connecting them in series ?
(b) How are ammeter and voltmeter connected in an
electric circuit ? What are their functions?
(Mar 2022)
Ans:
Advantages of connecting electrical devices in parallel are:
• In a parallel circuit, if one component fails, the rest of
the devices will continue to work.
• But in a parallel circuit current divides through the
electrical gadgets. This is helpful particularly when each
gadget has different resistance and requires different
current to operate properly.
• Overall resistance of parallel circuits is less.

In an electrical circuit, ammeter is connected in series and

voltmeter is connected in parallel

Ammeter measures the rate of electric current in a circuit

Voltmeter measures the potential difference across the
ends of a conductor

30. a)How is an ammeter and a voltmeter connected to

an electric circuit ? Mention their function.
b) “In domestic electric circuit, the electrical appliances are
generally connected in parallel. Give reasons.
(Mar 2025)
Ans:
a) Ammeter is always connected in series. It is used to
measure current.
Voltmeter is always connected in parallel. It is used to
measure voltage
b) In domestic electric circuit, the electrical appliances are
generally connected in parallel because:
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- In parallel circuit the overall resistance of the circuit is less
- All devices receive the same voltage
- If one device breaks down it does not affect the other
devices

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