JOB: Solar Mounting Systems Yanglin Tech Co.

, Ltd SHEET
Rm1001, Building 6, Xing Lin
CLIENT: Bay, Operation, Jimei Dist, OF
Xiamen,China JOB
SUBJECT: TITLE PAGE Phone: +86 -0592-7189096
BY: Yanglin DATE:

STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS

(Unidirectional)

PROJECMeheula Vista 1

LOCATION: 95-1060 A Lehiwa Drive,

Mililani, Hawaii 96789
TMK: 95002060

ARCHITECT:

STRUCTURAL
ENGINEER:
1. Introduction

1.1 Project description

The following sections contain the determination of the forces and the structural design
calculations of the ground mounted photovoltaic system.

1.2 Technical codes

● ASCE7-16 Chapter 6: wind loads

● ASCE7-16 Chapter 7: snow loads
● ASCE7-16 Chapter 2: combinations of Loads
● International Building Code. IBC, 2006
● Aluminum Design Manual, Eighth Edition, 2005
● ANSI/AISC 360-16 An American National Standard
● ANSI/AISC 360-16 An American National Standard
● SAP2000 V21 Integrated Solution for Structural Analysis and Design

1.3 Project Information

The modules have the following dimensions: 2278 x 1134 x 30 mm

2
Area of Module 2.58 m
maximum power / Wp
Weight of Module 32.50 kg
Unit Array : 1 rows x 2 column
solar panle QTTY 2 pcs
Array tilt angle (Deg) 40 °
exposure category [B, C, D] C
Occupancy Category = Ⅲ
basic wind speed 30.00 M/S
Velocity Pressure = 0.613*V2 = 551.70 N/m2
roof height 3 m
1.4 construction
Unit Array : 1 rows x 2 column
2
Total area of module= 5.17 m
tit of modules with horizontal plain 40 °
total dimensions of a solar mounting unint：
total lenght 4.576 m
total widht 1.134 m
minimum height above ground level 250 mm
maximum height above ground level 1700 mm
2 Load actions
2.1 permanent loads D
selfweight of solar modules 318.50 N
Dead Load per sq meter 160.95 N/m2
2
Area of Module 2.58 m
2.2 wind loads:
Calculation of the wind pressure code comply with the ASCE 7-10
Based Wind Speed = 30 M/S
Exposre is C
Building is Category Ⅲ
Wind Loads
Main Building System (MWFRS):
Building is classified as an Building, Low-Rise
h = mean roof height = 3.98 meter = 13.04 ft< 60ft
Z = height being evaluated= 3.98 meter = 13.04 ft< 60ft
Analytical Procedures
Building is regular shaped
Building has simple response characteristics
Design Procedure
Basic Wind Speed, V and Kd
V= 30 M/S Basic Wind Speed
Special Wind Regions Check with local building officials
Wind Directionality Factor for use with equations in sections 2.3 &2.4
Kd= 0.85 MWFRS
Is= 0.8 Importance factor
Exposure
Surface Roughness
Exposure Category C
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient: Kz & Kh shall be from Table 6-3
Find Kz: Exp C, h=15ft
 zg= 900 α= 9.50
Z roof= 13.04 Roof ht
Z min= 13.04 min Roof ht
Kz=2.01*(15/Zg)^(2/ α) 0.85 by formula for Exp C, h=15 ft
Kzmin=2.01*(15/Zg)^(2/ α) 0.85
Ground Elevation Factor K = 1.00
Topographic Effects
Determine applicability of Kzt Factors:
Topographic Feature is isolated for 100*ht of feature, or 2mi, whichever is FALSE no
Feature protudes above terrain within 2 mile quadrant by a factor of 2 or m FALSE no
Sructure is located in half of hill/ ridge or at crest of escarpment: FALSE no
H/Lh > .2 FALSE no
Bldg Ht Check : if in Exp C or D, min ht= 15ft, or
If in Exp B, min ht =60ft Does Bldg meet min ht?
Exp B check : B no
Exp C check : C no
Exp D check : D no

if 26.8.1.1 thru 26.8.1.5.5 are all yes, Kzt is per formula, otherwise, Kzt=1.0
Kzt Criteria is met? FALSE
Kzt= 1.00
Gust Effect Factor
Rigid Structures G= 0.85
Note: Code equaion allows this factor to be calculated more accurately, using equations 6-4 thru 6-7
Flexible Structures G= Applies only to structures with natural frequency less than 1 hz
Design Wind Loads on Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Rigid Buildings

MWFRS
P=q*G*Cp
Array tilt angle (Deg)= 40 °
Wind Direction，γ=0° Wind Direction，γ=180°
Angel Load
Clear wind Flow Clear wind Flow
θ Case
CNW CNL CNW CNL
A 1.2 0.3 1.2 0.3
0.0°
B -1.1 -0.1 -1.1 -0.1
A -0.6 -1 0.9 1.5
7.5°
B -1.4 0 1.6 0.3
A -0.9 -1.3 1.3 1.6
15°
B -1.9 0 1.8 0.6
A -1.5 -1.6 1.7 1.8
22.5°
B -2.4 -0.3 2.2 0.7
A -1.8 -1.8 2.1 2.1
30.0°
B -2.5 -0.5 2.6 1
A -1.8 -1.8 2.1 2.2
37.5°
B -2.4 -0.6 2.7 1.1
A -1.6 -1.8 2.2 2.5
45.0°
B -2.3 -0.7 2.6 1.4

使用线性插值法
Wind Direction，γ=0° Wind Direction，γ=180°
Angel Load
Clear wind Flow Clear wind Flow
θ Case
CNW CNL CNW CNL
A -1.8 -1.8 2.1 2.2
37.5°
B -2.4 -0.6 2.7 1.1
A -1.6 -1.8 2.2 2.5
45°
B -2.3 -0.7 2.6 1.4
A -1.73 -1.80 2.13 2.30
40°
B -2.37 -0.63 2.67 1.20
γ = 0 Cp(-)= -2.37 (Drag)
γ = 180 Cp(+)= 2.67 (pressure)
Design Pressures:
2
P= 0.613*V *Kz *Kzt *Kd*Ke *G*CP
max Wind pressure W+ = 902.31 N/m2 (pressure)
2
W- = -800.80 N/m (Drag)
2
Area of Module 2.58 m
横梁受到的节点力1/4W+ 582.73 N
采用值 590.00 N

横梁受到的节点力1/4W- -517.17 N
采用值 -520.00 N

2.4 Basic load combinations

Where strength design or load and resistance factor design is used, structures and portions
thereof shall resist the most critical effects from the following combinations of factored loads:

1.4 D
1.2D+ 1.6L+0.5（Lr or S or R)
1.2D+1.6（Lr or S or R)+(1.0L or 0.5W)
1.2D+ 1.0W+1.0L+0.5(L r or S or R)
0.9D+1.0W
1.2D+E v+Eh+L+0.2S
0.9D-Ev+Eh

The following load combinations are considered at ultimate limit states design:

COMB1A 1.2D+ 1.6S+0.5W+

COMB1B 1.2D+1.6S+0.5W -
COMB2A 1.2D+1.0(W+)+0.5S
COMB2B 1.2D+1.0(W -)+0.5S
COMB3A 0.9D+W+
COMB3B 0.9D+W-
 D S W+ W-
荷载 面板节点力
2 2 2 2
N/m N/m N/m N/m 荷载组合
组合 N/m2
160.95 0.00 902.31 -800.80 FX Fy
COMB1A 1.20 1.60 0.50 644.30 80 386.91
COMB1B 1.20 1.60 0.50 -207.26 80 -163.03
COMB2A 1.20 0.50 1.00 1095.45 80 678.28
COMB2B 1.20 0.50 1.00 -607.67 80 -421.62
COMB3A 0.90 1.00 1047.17 60 654.39
COMB3B 0.90 1.00 -655.95 60 -445.51
1/4节点力 103.94 0.00 582.73 -517.17
※根据上述表格，COMB3A逆风最大，因此根据COMB3A进行配重计算即可。

2.5 Design of girders

纵梁截面参数及其定义
Material： S350GD Stress：[σ]= 355 Mpa

Area 225.2 mm 2 Ip 184850.1 Mpa

Ix 135872 mm 2 Iy 48978 mm 2
ix 24.56 mm 4 iy 14.75 mm 4
Wx（top） 4529.07 mm 4 Wy(left) 3293.44 mm 4
Wx（bottom） 4529.07 mm 3 Wy(right) 1949.09 mm 3

Moment of Moment of
2587.27 mm3 1496.84 mm3
area of X-axis area of Y-axis
girder sections
第1跨：
(1)、内力范围、最大挠度
(a)、内力范围：弯矩设计值 0.00～0.49 kN.m
剪力设计值 -0.54～-0.00 kN
(b)、最大挠度：最大挠度8.67mm，最大挠跨比1/224
(2)、强度应力
最大剪应力 τ = Vmax * S / I / tw
= 0.54 * 2587 / 135872 / 6.0 * 1000
= 1.7 MPa ≤ fv = 175 MPa 满足!
上边缘最大正应力 σ上 = Mmax / γ上 / W上
= 0.49 / 1.00 / 4529 * 1e6
= 107.4 MPa ≤ f = 305 MPa 满足!
下边缘最大正应力 σ下 = Mmax / γ下 / W下
= 0.49 / 1.00 / 4529 * 1e6
= 107.4 MPa ≤ f = 305 MPa 满足!
(3)、稳定应力
整体稳定系数φb = 0.80
最大压应力 σ = Mmax / φb / W
= 0.49 / 0.80 / 4529 * 1e6
= 134.3 MPa ≤ f = 305 MPa 满足!
(4)、该跨验算结论：满足!
第2跨：
(1)、内力范围、最大挠度
(a)、内力范围：弯矩设计值 0.37～0.49 kN.m
剪力设计值 -0.52～0.52 kN
(b)、最大挠度：最大挠度0.38mm，最大挠跨比1/1198
(2)、强度应力
最大剪应力 τ = Vmax * S / I / tw
= 0.52 * 2587 / 135872 / 6.0 * 1000
= 1.7 MPa ≤ fv = 175 MPa 满足!
上边缘最大正应力 σ上 = Mmax / γ上 / W上
= 0.49 / 1.00 / 4529 * 1e6
= 107.4 MPa ≤ f = 305 MPa 满足!
 下边缘最大正应力 σ下 = Mmax / γ下 / W下
= 0.49 / 1.00 / 4529 * 1e6
= 107.4 MPa ≤ f = 305 MPa 满足!
(3)、稳定应力
整体稳定系数φb = 0.80
最大压应力 σ = Mmax / φb / W
= 0.49 / 0.80 / 4529 * 1e6
= 134.3 MPa ≤ f = 305 MPa 满足!
(4)、该跨验算结论：满足!
第3跨：
(1)、内力范围、最大挠度
(a)、内力范围：弯矩设计值 0.00～0.49 kN.m
剪力设计值 -0.00～0.54 kN
(b)、最大挠度：最大挠度8.67mm，最大挠跨比1/224
(2)、强度应力
最大剪应力 τ = Vmax * S / I / tw
= 0.54 * 2587 / 135872 / 6.0 * 1000
= 1.7 MPa ≤ fv = 175 MPa 满足!
上边缘最大正应力 σ上 = Mmax / γ上 / W上
= 0.49 / 1.00 / 4529 * 1e6
= 107.4 MPa ≤ f = 305 MPa 满足!
下边缘最大正应力 σ下 = Mmax / γ下 / W下
= 0.49 / 1.00 / 4529 * 1e6
= 107.4 MPa ≤ f = 305 MPa 满足!
(3)、稳定应力
整体稳定系数φb = 0.80
最大压应力 σ = Mmax / φb / W
= 0.49 / 0.80 / 4529 * 1e6
= 134.3 MPa ≤ f = 305 MPa 满足!
(4)、该跨验算结论：满足!
连续梁验算结论： 满 足 !
2.6配重计算
2
一片太阳能面板面积 2.278 x 1.134 = 2.58 m
一片面板受到风压（负压） 2.58 x -655.9 = -1694.48 N
= -172.91 kg
面板倾斜角度 = 40.00 °
支架受到的水平力 -172.91 x sin40° = -111.14 kg

支架受到的引拔力 -172.91 x cos40° = -132.45 kg

3
铁桶最大容积： = 0.20 m
桶式支架理论重量： = 34.00 kg
3
填充砂石密度（混凝土密度） = 2350.00 kg/m
填充砂石重量（混凝土密度） ###### x 0.1958 = 460.22 kg
配重总重量 460.22 + 34 = 494.22 kg

判定： 向上抵抗力
配重总重量 = 494.22 > 支架受到的引拔力 = 132.45 OK

判定： 水平滑移
摩擦系数u = 0.5
滑动摩擦力f=u*N = 0.5 x 321.3 = 160.66 kg
滑动摩擦力 = 160.66 > 支架受到的水平力= 111.1 OK