Summary Cards
Pope Gregory the Great
According to Sivaramamurti and Straw, Gregory the Great was born on 540 AD in
Rome, the times where the Lombard invasion had caused many years of war, and the
church was controlling the military aristocracy. In 574 Gregory converted in monk and,
later, established seven monarchies in Sicily. In 590 Gregory was elected Pope and
achieved many challenges. For example, he twice prevented Rome from being sacked
by the Lombards, he helped and rescued people from the war and, later, he managed
to have a good relationship with the Lombards. Also, he executed many laws made by
the Emperor Maurice which were unfair for the Lombards. Gregory died in 604 and is
known as one of the Latin Fathers.
(Sivaramamurti and Straw, 2018)
Middle Ages Peasant Man
According to Bobey, in the Middle Ages, most of the population lived on the
countryside and the 85% of the people were peasants. The job of the peasants was to
work on the land to produce food, fuel, wool and other resources. The countryside was
divided into estates, each of them managed by an institution. In the bottom part of the
social hierarchy were the serfs. They were obliged to cultivate their own food and,
additionally, to work for their landowner. At the upper part were the man who had
liberty, who could rent land from the lord or even own a land and earn money. Also,
there were men who worked as beekeepers, weavers, ranchers, etc.
(Bobey, 2015)
Middle Ages Knight
According to Cartwright, knights in the Middle Ages were between the most
prestigious, fashionable and chivalrous members of society. To become a knight,
children of 7 years old started training with some weapons. Then, before becoming a
knight in a ceremony known as a dubbing, you had to become a squire, where you
started the study of chivalry. Knights could use wooden lances, heavy swords, daggers
and battleaxes while fighting in a heavy metal armor. While knights were not active in
a military duty, they could keep their fighting skills by practicing in tournaments, a
competition where two knights had to capture each other. Also, hunting was the most
common rest activity for knights.
(Cartwright, 2018)
Vassals in Middle Ages
According to Cartwright, a Vassal was the person who received a fief (unit of land) and
military and legal protection from the landowner or lord in return of a payment of
some kind. That payment could mean military service, which implied fighting in the
lord´s army or regular payment of money. For example, vassals could give a percentage
of their income from the land they rented. The protection from the lord was given to
the vassal in times of war, but it also included legal support and representation if the
vassal was in a civil court. and The vassal had the authority over the inhabitants of the
land he owned, he received the its income and could pass this land to his heirs.
(Cartwright, 2018)
Emperor Charlemagne
Charlemagne, son of a Frankish king, was born in 740 AD. When his father died he
became the ruler of the kingdom and he spent his reign in conquering and expanding
his kingdom.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/charlemagne.shtml
Cartwright, M. (2018). Feudalism. England. Retrieved from
https://www.ancient.eu/Feudalism/
Cartwright, M. (2018). Medieval Knight. England. Retrieved from
https://www.ancient.eu/Medieval_Knight/
Bobey, A. (2015). Peasants and their role in rural life. England. Retrieved from
https://www.bl.uk/the-middle-ages/articles/peasants-and-their-role-in-rural-life
Sivaramamurti, C and Straw, C. (2018). St. Gregory the Great. England. Retrieved from
https://www.britannica.com/biography/St-Gregory-the-Great#targetText=St.
%20Gregory%20the%20Great%2C%20also,both%20secular%20and%20spiritual
%20power.
