Part Number 679054

Rev. AA

ALLEGRA 6 SERIES
SPINCHRON R

Service Manual

Beckman Coulter, Inc.

250 South Kraemer Blvd.
Brea, CA
92821

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COPYRIGHT INFORMATION

This Service Manual is copyrighted and all rights are reserved by Beckman Instruments,
Inc. This document may not, in whole or part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced,
translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form without prior
consent, in writing, from Beckman Instruments, Inc.

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SAFETY REMINDERS

The following pages summarize cautionary information basic to the safe operation of
this instrument. However, it is strongly recommended that the user read the entire
manual carefully before attempting to service the instrument. In addition, be sure to
heed all NOTES, CAUTIONS, and WARNINGS, which are specifically defined as
follows:

NOTE: Used to make a procedure easier or clearer. To disregard it may

cause inconvenience, but not mechanical damage or personal injury.

CAUTION: Used to prevent equipment damage. To disregard the caution may

cause mechanical damage, however, personal injury is not likely.

WARNING: Used whenever an action or circumstance may potentially cause

personal injury or loss of life. Mechanical damage may also result.

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RELATED DOCUMENTS

This Service Manual does not include the Instruction Manual for this instrument. The
Instruction Manual contains instructions for proper operation of the instrument,
information regarding the limitations, specifications, precautions and hazards
associated with its use.

To obtain a copy of the Instruction Manual, please order it through any Beckman Sales
and Service Office.

Part Number Description

BE-IM-1 Allegra 6 Instruction Manual

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IMPORTANT NOTICE

This Service Manual is designed solely for the use of Beckman Field Service
Representatives who have and training and experience in the servicing of Beckman
products. To improve product performance, Beckman may have made changes in the
product to which this Service Manual relates. Such changes may not be reflect in this
manual. Accordingly, Beckman makes no representation or warranty, either express or
implied, that the information contained in this Service Manual is complete or accurate
with respect to the particular product to which this manual pertains, and the purchaser
must assume all risks in the use of this manual for the purpose of performing service
upon such product.

Because of the possible hazards involved to an inexperienced person in

servicing the product, Beckman recommends that servicing of your product be
performed only by Beckman Field Service Representatives.

Components of this instrument which are considered user serviceable are discussed in
detail in the instrument's instruction manual.

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MECHANICAL SAFETY

Good mechanical safety practices are

more important than ever now that
microprocessors are taking control of
mechanical devices. Yet, the area of
mechanical safety is often overlooked
during instrument servicing. We
maybe able to change this situation if
you heed the following safety tips:

• Remember to keep clothing and fingers away from rotating or moving

components. It is easy to slip, lose a tie, or get cut while working near one of
these devices.

• Unless it is absolutely essential, never run mechanical components without

the protective guards in place.

• Always use the tools specifically recommended for the job. This not only
reduces the chances of injury, it minimizes damage to the instrument.

• Although not always possible, it is recommended that mechanical devices be

adjusted or calibrated with the power turned OFF. This is especially
important if you are working with a microprocessor-controlled instrument,
which can start running without notice or user intervention.

• After the mechanical repairs have been completed, always check that all
mounting hardware and safety shields are in place and secure. By doing so,
you will not only ensure safe operation of the instrument, but may reduce
callbacks.

As you can appreciate, all it takes is good common sense, plus good safety techniques
that are basic and easy to remember. With this is mind, you should have no trouble
servicing mechanical devices safely.

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ELECTRICAL SAFETY

It is shocking but true. Many people service

instruments without giving much thought to
electrical safety. Unfortunately, this can be a
dangerous mistake. As
electrical/electronic devices are used more
widely in modern instrumentation,
it means that you may be exposed to
more potential shock hazards.

It pays to take a few precautions before and during servicing to avoid injury from
electrical shock. Here are a few safety tips that can help keep you on the job without a
sudden vacation:

• Avoid standing on damp floors! People have been shocked simply by

standing on a wet floor and then working on live equipment.

• Be sure to disconnect the power cord before working on any high voltage
circuitry! As power switches disappear from new equipment, this precaution is
very easy to overlook.

• Read and heed ALL caution labels! They are posted for YOUR safety.

• Take care of test equipment. Be sure to use the right probes for the right job.
Measuring high voltages, for example, requires a well-insulated, high voltage
probe. Damaged probes and cables are dangerous and should not be used.
Also, be cautious around test equipment like an oscilloscope. The
oscilloscope case may become live if you connect the cable ground to a live
circuit. Avoid this dangerous situation at all times!

• Always treat cathode ray tubes (CRTs) and uncased photomultiplier tubes
(PMTs) with special care. When carrying them, wear eyeglasses and
protective gloves. If these devices are dropped or struck with a sharp object,
they can implode violently and scatter glass.

These basic tips regarding good electrical safety practices are easy to
remember. Combined with good common sense, they should keep you on the
job for a long time to come.

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ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE

Static electricity is an electrical charge which can damage circuitry and components
Listed below are important ElectroStatic Discharge guidelines for handling electronic
components. Following these guidelines will avoid needless damage to circuit cards
and components on them.

• Keep paper, non-conductive plastic, plastic foams or cardboard away from

circuit boards and components and static free work areas.

• Keep hand creams and food away from the conductive work surfaces. If
spilled on the bench top, these materials contaminate and increase the
resistivity of the work area.

• Be especially careful when using soldering guns around conductive work

surfaces. Solder spills and heat from the gun may melt and damage the
conductive mat.

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• Check the grounding connections on wrist strap and static mats. (Mat must
have proper ground.) Make certain they fit snugly before starting work with
the components and printed circuit cards.

• Touch the conductive work surfaces before starting work.

• Know the ESD caution symbols.

• Do not allow anyone not grounded to touch ESD sensitive components in the
work area. To be grounded, they must be standing on the conductive floor
mat and must touch the conductive bench top mat before touching the
components or printed circuit cards.

• Do not place ESD sensitive components on work areas that are not grounded
properly.

• Do not touch the component by the pins or leads since the most damage is
done at these points by ESD. Handle the components by the cap edges or
body and the printed circuit cards by the edges.

• Do not handle components or printed circuit cards during transport between

work stations. Components or cards must not be directly handled by anyone
not grounded.

• Do not use Refrigerant or other chlorinated cleaners at the work area.

Use conductive or anti-static bags and containers for storage and
transportation of components or circuit boards.

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REFRIGERATION SYSTEM SAFETY

Working with refrigeration systems requires special equipment and training. If you are
not familiar with the operational theory for refrigeration systems and the special
requirements for performing service on a system, do NOT attempt it. Use the following
precautions for working with refrigeration systems in Beckman instruments.

• Always use protective glasses and clothing.

• Do NOT inhale refrigerant. It has an intoxicating effect and is harmful to your

health.

• Refrigerant can easily cause "frostbite". Be especially careful with liquid

refrigerant.

• Use caution when replacing a burnt out compressor. The oil in the
compressor may be very caustic or acidic. Use protective gloves.

• Charge refrigeration systems with gas from the low side only. High side
charging may damage the compressor.

• Do NOT run a compressor without refrigerant in the system. Compressors

are cooled by the refrigerant and will burn out if there is no cooling.

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BRAZING SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Brazing requires the use of a high-temperature "MAPP Gas" torch and as such many
potential safety hazards exist. Always follow the guidelines below when brazing.

• Wear safety glasses.

• Work in a ventilated area.

• Know fire extinguisher location.

• Heat sink, shield components.

• All refrigerant removed from the system (no pressure).

• Do not invert turbo-torch (flame-thrower).

• Fit and brace parts.

• Check to see if smoke detectors are present--move your operation.

• Always insure that heated parts have cooled completely before handling
them.

WARNING: Sound, wire, and thermal insulation materials may produce

dangerous gases when heated or burned. Use caution when brazing in areas
where these and other materials are present

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Safety Reminder
Centrifuges are not designed for use with materials capable of developing flammable or
explosive vapors. Such materials should not be handled or stored near the instrument.

• Spills may generate aerosols. Pathogenic, toxic, or radioactive materials

should not be used in this instrument unless all necessary safety precautions
are taken.

• Maintenances other than that contained in this manual should be performed

only by trained, qualified personnel.

• Turn the POWER off and disconnect the instrument from the main power
source before performing any maintenance that requires the removal of an
instrument panel.

• Do not place containers holding liquid on or near the chamber door. If they
spill, liquid may get into the instrument and damage electrical or mechanical
components.

• Under no circumstances should you try to slow or stop the rotor by hand.

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ALLEGRA 6 SERIES
& SPINCHRON R

Main Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION 1-1

INSTALLATION 2-1

SERVICE PROCEDURES 3-1

SCHEMATICS 4-1

PARTS 5-1

ACCESSORIES & MISCELLANEOUS 6-1

APPLICATIONS 7-1

SERVICE MEMOS 8-1

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SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Performance Specifications 1-1

1.1.1 Allegra 6 Specifications 1-1

1.1.2 Allegra 6R / Spinchron R Specifications 1-2
1.1.3 Allegra KR Specifications 1-3

1.2 General Description 1-4

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1.1 Performance Specification

1.1.1 Allegra 6 Specifications

Only values with tolerances or limits are guaranteed data. Values without tolerances
are informative data, without guarantee.

Speed
Set (in 200-rpm increments) 0 to 8000 rpm
Display ±30 rpm of actual
Set time
Timed run up to 30 min
Continuous run HOLD (
)
Temperature
Temperature setting
(refrigerated models only) not applicable
Normal operating range
(refrigerated models only) not applicable
Temperature display
(refrigerated models only) not applicable
Ambient temperature range 10 to 35°C
Ambient temperature range
for optimum operation 10 to 25°C
Humidity restrictions <95% (noncondensing)
Dimensions
Width 54.6 cm (21.5 in.)
Depth (overall) 66.0 cm (26.0 in.)
Depth (at base) 58 cm (23 in.)
Height, door closed 40.6 cm (16.0 in.)
Height, door open 96.8 cm (38.1 in.)
Weight 51.7kg (114.0 lb)
Ventilation clearances
(sides and rear) 7.6 cm (3.0 in.)

Electrical requirements 120 VAC, 15 A, 60 Hz

230 VAC, 10 A, 50 Hz
200 VAC, 12.5 A, 50/60 Hz
Maximum heat dissipation
into room under
steady-state conditions 3073 Btu/hr (0.9 kW)

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Noise level 0.91 m (3 ft)

in front of centrifuge <65 dBa
1.1.2 Allegra 6R / Spinchron R Specifications

Only values with tolerances or limits are guaranteed data. Values without tolerances
are informative data, without guarantee.

Speed
Set (in 200-rpm increments) 0 to 8000 rpm
Display ±30 rpm of actual
Set time
Timed run up to 30 min
Continuous run HOLD (
)
Temperature
Temperature setting
(refrigerated models only) –10 to 40°C
Normal operating range
(refrigerated models only) –5 to 25°C
Temperature display
(refrigerated models only) actual chamber temp ±2°C
Ambient temperature range 10 to 35°C
Ambient temperature range
for optimum operation 10 to 25°C
Humidity restrictions <95% (noncondensing)
Dimensions
Width 76 cm (30 in.)
Depth (overall) 66 cm (26 in.)
Depth (at base) 58.4 cm (23.0 in.)
Height, door closed 39.4 cm (15.5 in.)
Height, door open 94 cm (37 in.)
Weight 75.8 kg (167 lb)
Ventilation clearances
(sides and rear) 7.6 cm (3.0 in.)

Electrical requirements 120 VAC, 15 A, 60 Hz

230 VAC, 10 A, 50 Hz
100 VAC, 12.5, 50/60 Hz
Maximum heat dissipation
into room under
steady-state conditions 5425 Btu/hr (1.9 kW)

Noise level 0.91 m (3 ft)

in front of centrifuge <65 dBa

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1.1.3 Allegra 6KR / Specifications

Only values with tolerances or limits are guaranteed data. Values without tolerances
are informative data, without guarantee.

Speed
Set (in 200-rpm increments) 0 to 8000 rpm
Display ± 30 rpm of actual
Set time
Timed run up to 30 min
Continuous run HOLD (
)
Temperature
Temperature setting
(refrigerated models only) –10 to 40°C
Normal operating range
(refrigerated models only) –5 to 25°C
Temperature display
(refrigerated models only) actual chamber temp ±2°C
Ambient temperature range 10 to 35°C
Ambient temperature range
for optimum operation 10 to 25°C
Humidity restrictions <95% (noncondensing)
Dimensions
Width 54.6 cm (21.5 in.)
Depth (overall) 66.0 cm (26.0 in.)
Depth (at base) 58.4 cm (23.0 in.)
Height, door closed 67.3 cm (26.5 in.)
Height, door open 125.7 cm (49.5 in.)
Weight 90.3 cm (199.0 in.)
Ventilation clearances
(sides and rear) 7.6 cm (3.0 in.)

Electrical requirements 120 VAC, 15 A, 60 Hz

230 VAC, 10 A, 50 Hz
200 VAC, 12.5 A, 50/60 Hz
Maximum heat dissipation
into room under
steady-state conditions 5425 Btu/hr (1.9 kW)

Noise level 0.91 m (3 ft)

in front of centrifuge <65 dBa

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1.1.4 Allegra 6 General Description

The Beckman Allegra 6 centrifuge generates centrifugal forces required for a wide
variety of applications. Together with the Beckman rotors designed for use in this
centrifuge.

Available Rotors
Refer to the appropriate rotor manuals for complete rotor descriptions.

Rotor Profile and Description Max Max RCF Max Rotor Manual
RPM (× g) Capacity Number
GH-3.8A Horizontal (4 place) GS6-TB-017
3750 3210 4 × 750 mL
Buckets (rmax = 204 mm)
3250 1924 4 × 192 mL
Carriers (rmax = 163 mm)
GH-3.8 Horizontal (4 place) GS6-TB-003
3750 3210 4 x 750 ml
Buckets (rmax = 204 mm)
3250 1924 4 x 192 ml
Carriers (rmax = 163 mm)

PTS-2000 Horizontal (4 place) SP-TB-008

3250 2010 7 × 10 mL
Sector base, 100-mm tube
(each
(rmax = 170 mm)
carrier)
3250 1890
Sector base, 75-mm tube
7 × 7 mL
(rmax = 160 mm)
(each
3250 2080
Tube base, 16-mm tube carrier)
(rmax = 176 mm)
20 × 10 mL
3250 2080
Tube base, 13-mm tube (each
(rmax = 176 mm) carrier)
3250 1920
Micro Plus carriers 20 × 7 mL
(rmax = 163 mm) (each
carrier)
4 × 192 mL
GH-4.7 Horizontal (4 place) GS-TB-024
5730 4560 4 x 250 ml
(r max = 182 mm)

GA-6 Fixed Angle, 35° (6 place) GS-TB-023

6100 5710 6 × 250 mL
rmax = 137 mm

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Housing

The centrifuge housing is made of sheet steel over a steel chassis and is finished with
urethane paint. The control panel overlay is made of coated polycarbonate. Polyvinyl
chloride lines the interior walls of the centrifuge housing for sound and temperature
insulation.

Door
The structural steel door has a strobe port for speed verification. In nonrefrigerated
models, the door has two filtered air-intake ports for rotor cooling. An electromechanical
door lock system, together with a manual lock, prevents run initiation unless the door is
closed and latched. When a run is in progress, the door locks automatically and can not
be opened unless the power is on, the rotor is virtually stopped (spinning less than 40
rpm), and the manual lock is in the UNLOCK position. If there is a power failure, the
door lock can be manually tripped for sample recovery.

Rotor Chamber
The aluminum rotor chamber is coated with a chemical-resistant epoxy finish. The drive
shaft and neoprene rubber boot surrounding the drive shaft are visible in the chamber
bottom. A neoprene gasket around the chamber top assures sealing. (Centrifuge
gaskets have not been designed as bioseals for aerosol containment.) The thermistor is
also visible in refrigerated models.
Nonrefrigerated models only—During centrifugation, the rotor movement draws air
through the filtered air-intake ports in the door into the chamber bowl, where it circulates
around the rotor. Holes in the side of the bowl allow air to flow out to the exhaust ports
beneath the centrifuge. This air flow provides cooling for the rotor.

Drive
The direct-drive motor has permanently lubricated, sealed bearings. A tie-down screw
secures the rotor to the drive shaft. The resilient suspension ensures that loads will not
be disturbed by vibration, and prevents damage to the drive shaft if an imbalance
occurs during centrifugation.

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Refrigeration System (Refrigerated Models Only)

A refrigeration compressor circulates CFC-free refrigerant through copper tubing
wrapped around the chamber bowl, which is insulated to increase refrigeration
efficiency. A thermistor regulates the compressor to maintain chamber temperature to
±2°C of set temperature.

NOTE: To avoid chamber icing, refrigeration is off when the door is open.
The centrifuge door must be closed and latched for the
refrigeration system to begin operating.

Safety Features
Safety features include the following:
• The door has an electromechanical door-locking mechanism and a secondary
(manual) lock to prevent operator contact with spinning rotors. When the door is
closed it locks automatically. It can be unlocked only by pressing the DOOR switch to
OPEN, and opened only when the power is on, the rotor is at rest, and the manual
lock is in the UNLOCK position. Two independent monitoring systems prevent the
door from opening if the rotor is spinning.
• A steel barrier ring surrounds the aluminum rotor chamber to provide full operator
protection.
• An imbalance detector monitors the rotor during the run, causing automatic shutdown
if rotor loads are severely out of balance. At low speeds, an incorrectly loaded rotor
can cause imbalance. Rotor instability can also occur if the centrifuge is moved while
running, or if it is not resting on a level surface.
• An anchoring system is provided to secure the centrifuge in place. The anchoring
system (bolts that anchor a benchtop centrifuge to the laboratory bench; a stationary
tray to roll a kneewell centrifuge into for operation) is designed to minimize the
possibility of injury or damage that could result from centrifuge movement in the
event of a major rotor mishap.

CFC-Free Centrifugation
To ensure minimal environmental impact, no CFCs are used in the manufacture or
operation of Allegra 6 series and Spinchron series centrifuges.

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SECTION 2

INSTALLATION

2.1 Safety Notice 2-1

2. 2 Installation Requirements 2-2

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! 2.1 Safety Notice

This safety notice summarizes information basic to the safe operation of
the equipment described in this manual. The international symbol
displayed above is a reminder that all safety instructions should be read
and understood before installation, operation, maintenance, or repair of
this centrifuge. When you see the symbol on other pages, pay special
attention to the safety information presented. Observance of safety
precautions will also help to avoid actions that could damage or adversely
affect the performance of the centrifuge.

Safety During Installation and/or Maintenance

Any servicing of this equipment that requires removal of any covers can
expose parts which involve the risk of electric shock or personal injury.
Make sure that the power switch is off and the centrifuge is
disconnected from the main power source, and refer such servicing to
qualified personnel.

Electrical Safety
To reduce the risk of electrical shock, this equipment uses a three-
wire electrical cord and plug to connect the centrifuge to earth-
ground. To preserve this safety feature:
• Make sure that the matching wall outlet receptacle is properly wired
and earth-grounded. Check that the line voltage agrees with the
voltage listed on the name-rating plate affixed to the centrifuge.
• Never use a three-to-two wire plug adapter.
• Never use a two-wire extension cord or a two-wire non-grounding type
of multiple-outlet receptacle strip.
Do not place containers holding liquid on or near the chamber door. If
they spill, liquid may get into the centrifuge and damage electrical or
mechanical components.

Safety Against Risk of Fire

Certain electrical circuits within this equipment are protected by fuses
against overcurrent conditions. For continued protection against the risk of
fire, replace only with the same type and rating specified.
This centrifuge is not designed for use with materials capable of
developing flammable or explosive vapors. Do not centrifuge such
materials (such as chloroform or ethyl alcohol) in this centrifuge nor

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handle or store them within the required 30-cm (1-ft) clearance

“envelope” surrounding the centrifuge.

2.2 Installation Requirements

WARNING:
This centrifuge weighs 51.7 kg/114.0 lb (nonrefrigerated benchtop),
75.8 kg/167 lb (refrigerated benchtop), or 90.3 kg/199.0 lb
(refrigerated kneewell). DO NOT attempt to lift or move it without
assistance from This centrifuge weighs 51.7 kg/114.0 lb another
person.

WARNING:
Do not place the centrifuge near areas containing flammabl fluids.
Vapors from these materials could enter the centrifuge’s air system
and be ignited. Never bring any flammable substances within the 30-
cm (1-ft) area surrounding the a clearance envelope of 7.6 cm (3 in.)
around an operating centrifuge. No persons should be within this
clearance envelope while the centrifuge is operating.

Space and Location Requirements

Carefully remove the centrifuge and accessories from the shipping container. Save the
container and packing materials for possible future relocation or storage of the
centrifuge.

• Select a location away from heat-producing laboratory equipment, with sufficient

ventilation to allow for heat dissipation.

• Position the centrifuge on a level surface (a sturdy table or laboratory bench for
benchtop models) that can support the weight of the centrifuge (refer to
SPECIFICATIONS in Section 1) and resist vibration.

• Allow a 7.6-cm (3-in.) clearance at each side and the back of the centrifuge to
ensure sufficient air circulation. Dimensions are shown in Figure 2-1.

• Ambient temperature during operation should not exceed 35°C (95°F). Relative
humidity should not exceed 95% (noncondensing).

Use the appropriate anti-rotation kit to secure the centrifuge to the working surface. The
anti-rotation kit is designed to minimize the possibility of injury or damage that could
result from centrifuge movement in the event of a rotor mishap.

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• The anchoring kit for a benchtop centrifuge contains bolts to secure the
centrifuge to the table or bench. Complete instructions (SP-TB-007) for installing the
anti-rotation kit are included with the kit, which is shipped with the centrifuge.

• The anchoring kit for a kneewell centrifuge contains a stationary tray to roll the
centrifuge into for operation. Complete instructions (GS6-TB-007) for installing
the anti-rotation kit are included with the kit, which is shipped with the centrifuge.

Electrical Requirements

Allegra 6 Allegra 6R / Spinchron R Allegra 6KR

120 VAC, 8 A, 60 Hz 120 VAC, 12 A, 60 Hz 120 VAC, 12 A, 60 Hz

230 VAC, 4 A, 50 Hz 230 VAC, 8 A, 50 Hz 230 VAC, 8 A, 50 Hz
100 VAC, 10 A, 50/60 Hz 200 VAC, 10 A, 50/60 Hz 200 VAC, 10 A, 50/60 Hz

A 1.8-m (6-ft) power cord with grounded plug is supplied with the centrifuge. In regions
where a different plug is required to meet local electrical and safety requirements,
contact your local Beckman representative.
Make sure the voltage imprinted on the name rating plate affixed to the back of the
centrifuge agrees with the line voltage of the outlet used. With the POWER switch in
the OFF (O) position, plug in both ends of the centrifuge power cord. If there is any
question about voltage, have a qualified service person measure it under load while the
drive is operating.
To reduce the risk of electrical shock, this equipment uses a
three-wire electrical cord and plug to connect the centrifuge to earth-ground. To
preserve this safety feature:
• Make sure that the matching wall outlet receptacle is properly wired and earth-
grounded.
• Never use a three-to-two wire plug adapter.
• Never use a two-wire extension cord or a two-wire non-grounding type of multiple-
outlet receptacle strip.
To ensure safety, the centrifuge should be wired to a remote emergency switch
(preferably outside the room where the centrifuge is housed, or adjacent to the exit from
that room), in order to disconnect the centrifuge from the main power source in case of
a malfunction.
NOTE:

During transport between areas with varying temperatures, condensation may occur
inside the centrifuge. Allow sufficient drying time before running the centrifuge.

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2.3 Customer Training and Instrument Demo

The following check list is useful when customer training is required.

Adjust your training to the customer's needs.

Refer to User's Manual for all of the following:

Explain:

Rotors
Warranty
Maintenance
Responsibility
Cautions

Descriptions of instrument
Functions
Controls
Indicators
Rotor chamber
Temperatures sensing and control
Drive
Safety features
Name rating plate, serial number

Run the instrument

1. Turn on power to the instrument. Open the chamber door.
2. Enter speed of 3,000 RPM
3. Enter Temp 20C
4. Enter Time 30 min.
5. Perform a test run to verify parameter input.
6. Verify the temperature and speed control are functioning.
7. If the test run is satisfactory then proceed to instruct the customer on proper
operation of the instrument.

Explain:
Troubleshooting
Customer maintenance items
Beckman Coulter Field Service, service agreements, etc.
Accessories and options that are available for the instrument
How to get applications support from Beckman Coulter

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SECTION 3

SERVICE PROCEDURES

3.1 Mechanical Systems 3-1

3.1.1 Mechanical Safety Reminders 3-1

3.1.2 Required Tools 3-1
3.1.3 Control Panel Replacement 3-1
3.1.4 Chamber Bowl Replacement (Non-Refrigerated) 3-1
3.1.5 Drive Motor Replacement (Non-Refrigerated)
3-2
3.1.6 Drive Motor Replacement (Refrigerated) 3-2
3.1.7 Drive Motor Brush Inspection Removal 3-3
3.1.8 Housing Removal 3-4
3.1.9 Hinge Replacement 3-4

3.2 Temperature Control System 3-5

3.2.1 Refrigeration System Safety 3-5

3.2.2 Refrigeration Functional Test 3-5
3.2.3 Checking Refrigeration Charge 3-5
3.2.4 Leak Test and Evacuation 3-9
3.2.5 Chamber Bowl Replacement 3 - 10
3.2.6 Temperature Calibration 3 - 11

3.3 Speed Adjustment 3 - 12

3.3.1 Speed Verification 3 - 12

3.3.2 Speed Knob Adjustment 3 - 12
3.3.3 Drive Current Adjustment 3 - 13

3.4 Troubleshooting 3-4

3.4.1 Resistance’s 3 - 14
3.4.2 Diagnostic Messages 3 - 14
3.4.3 Other Possible Problems 3 - 16
3.4.4 Emergency Access 3 - 17

3.5 Preventative Maintenance 3-5

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3.1 Mechanical Systems

3.1.1 Mechanical Safety Reminders

WARNING:
• Maintenance should be performed only by trained, qualified personnel.
• Turn the power off and disconnect the instrument from main power prior to
performing service.
• Refrigerant gas may cause drowsiness and will displace oxygen in an enclosed
area. Avoid inhalation of this gas.
• Do not place hands or fingers in the instrument while instrument is in operation.
• Use only Beckman or Beckman approved replacement parts.

3.1.2 Required Tools

Standard hand tools, standard refrigeration tools.

3.1.3 Control Panel Replacement

A. Open lid, TURN POWER SWITCH OFF AND DISCONNECT POWER CORD.

B. Remove the front panel perimeter hardware (do not remove latch mounting screws).
Benchtop (non-refrigerated) 10 Allen screws and 4 hex screws (bottom side).
Benchtop (refrigerated) 10 Allen screws and 5 hex screws (bottom side).
Kneewell: 10 Allen screws and 4 hex screws (bottom side).

C. Remove control panel foam (non-refrigerated).

D. Disconnect all harness connections.

E. Reverse the above steps to replace the control panel.

3.1.4 Chamber Bowl Replacement (Non-Refrigerated)

A. Open lid, TURN POWER SWITCH OFF AND DISCONNECT POWER CORD.

NOTE: Prior to removing bowl, remove the black Allen head screw, located inside
the bowl on the left front side.

B. Remove bowl including drive bellows (boot) and door gasket by pulling up. The
rotor torquing bar may be used to pull the bowl upward by inserting the bar into one
of the air flow holes.

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NOTE: During re-assembly insure the black Allen head screw in the bowl is
aligned with the arrow on top of housing.

C. Reverse the above steps to replace the chamber bowl.

3.1.5 Drive Motor Replacement (Non-Refrigerated)

A. Remove chamber bowl per step 3.1.4.

B. Removed large piece of foam from behind the front panel and disconnect motor
harness connectors J/P 1,9 and 12.

C. Remove the six symmetrically spaced motor mounting lock-nuts, washers and
grommets.

D. Pull drive upward, including the blue support ring, while feeding harness through
motor insulating foam.

E. To reinstall drive, place drive on triangular plate, feed harness through the drive
opening then through the slit in the motor insulating foam and up over the ballast
ring. Carefully set drive down over the screws and ensure harness is not pinched.
Lightly coat the six new grommets with vacuum grease. Place grommets over drive
mounting screws followed by flat washers. Tighten the six lock-nuts until they are
flush with top of screws. Reconnect harness connectors J/P 1,9 and 12.

NOTE: The boot must remain completely seated down around the motor cover to
prevent contact with the rotor.

F. Replace foam pad behind control panel.

G. Reinstall chamber bowl per 3.1.4.

3.1.6 Drive Motor Replacement (Refrigerated)

A. Remove the control panel, per step 3.1.3.

B. Remove drive bellows (boot) by pulling it upward and out of chamber.

C. Remove the six symmetrically spaced motor mounting lock-nuts, washers and
grommets.

D. Pull drive upward, including the blue support ring, while feeding harness through
motor insulating foam.

E. To reinstall drive, place drive in chamber on a towel or pad to prevent scratching

bowl. Feed harness through the motor opening then through the slit in the motor
insulating foam and up over the ballast ring. Carefully set drive down over the

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screws and ensure harness is not pinched. Lightly coat the six new grommets with
vacuum grease. Place grommets over motor mounting screws followed by flat
washers. Tighten the six lock-nuts until they are flush with top of screws.
Reconnect harness connectors J/P 1,9 and 12.

NOTE: The boot must remain completely seated down around the motor cover to
prevent contact with the rotor.

G. Replace drive bellows (boot).

F. Replace front panel.

3.1.7 Drive Motor Brush Inspection Removal

A. Follow the appropriate procedure to remove the drive motor per step 3.1.5 or 3.1.6.

B. When removing the brushes for inspection, mark each one so they can be
reinstalled in the same orientation if they are not being replaced.

C. The brushes used in the Allegra 6 motor are called Auto-Stop. A wooden dowel will
pop out when the brush wares down to ½ the length of the brush. Replace brushes
if either one is less than 1/2 inch, (13mm) in length.

NOTE: To extend the life of replacement brushes, the new set must be seated prior
to operating the drive at maximum RPM. Ensure commutator is in good condition.

D. Reinstall drive motor.

E. Seat new brushes by operating the centrifuge (with rotor only), at 2000 RPM for 4
hours.

3.1.8 Housing Removal

A. Remove control panel per step 3.1.3.

B. Non-refrigerated - remove bowl per step 3.1.4.

C. Remove the hex screws that fasten housing to chassis. This would include the
(5/16”) screws located around the outside edge of the rear chassis and underneath
the chassis on both sides.

NOTE: Do not remove door hinges.

D. Remove housing from chassis.

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3.1.9 Hinge Replacement

CAUTION: Do not remove hinges with door in the closed position.

A. Open door completely.

B. While supporting the door, remove the (8) hex screws which hold hinges to rear
chassis.

C. Remove and replace hinges while door is off unit.

D. Re-install door by reversing the above steps.

E. Adjust striker (door locking eye bolt) to maintain a good seal between the door and
the bowl gasket (visual observation).

F. Tighten the locking nut to prevent rotation of the striker.

NOTE: Door hinges are non-adjustable.

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3.2 Temperature Control Systems (Refrigerated Model)

3.2.1 Refrigeration System Safety

Warning: Refer to the safety notices in the front of this manual for cautionary notes
when working with refrigeration system. Also, heed all brazing safety
notes. Always recover the refrigerant.

3.2.2 Refrigeration Functional Test

A. The GH-3.8A swinging bucket rotor is recommended for this test. Replace loaded
buckets with empty ones. Temperature measurements are performed by using
40ml of glycerol in two of the opposing buckets.

B. To pre-cool rotor and chamber, set temperature knob to -2° C, speed knob to 2000
RPM and timer for 30 minutes.

C. After pre-cool, set temperature knob to -10°C and increase speed to 3750 RPM.
Set timer for 15 minutes.

D. At the instant the timer shuts off, record the indicated temperature. The reading
should be -1° C or colder for 60 Hz units and + 1° C or colder for 50 Hz units.

E. When rotor stops use a temperature meter to measure the actual temperature of
the sample (glycerol) and then record reading.

F. The difference between D and E should be within +/-2° C.

If functional test fails, proceed to 3.2.3

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3.2.3 Checking the Refrigerant Charge

A. For Allegra 6R & Spinchron R, remove housing (R-H) that covers compressor. To
access the refrigeration system in a Allegra 6KR, remove front panel assembly.

B. Connect charging manifold (“Access” control valves, P/N 964411, simplify

connection to Schroeder service valves) and refrigerant supply as shown in figure 3-
2.

C. Before opening Schroeder valves, purge charging manifold and hoses of air with
R404a refrigerant supply at the low-side and high-side service valves.

D. To pre-cool rotor and chamber, set temperature knob to -2°C, speed knob to 2000
RPM and timer for 15 minutes.

E. After pre-cool, set temperature knob to -10°C and increase speed to maximum RPM
of rotor. Set timer to HOLD.

F. After indicated temperature stabilizes, compare the ambient temperature at the

condenser and the low-side and high-side reading on charging manifold with the
charging graphs for 50 or 60Hz units.

G. If system pressures are low, add refrigerant R404a as a gas at the low-side to
required pressure. Proceed to step 3.2.3 to check for leaks.

H. After removing refrigeration manifold, and access valves, ensure service valve caps
are tightly replaced. Insulate low-side service valve with "Presstite" insulation tape.

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Figure 3-2

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 60Hz Allegra 6R/KR, Spinchron R With R404A
Running a GH-3.8A Rotor at Max Speed, set Temperature to -10

400
55
380

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360

340
50
320

300
45
280

Low Side Pressure+ 2 PSIG

High Side Pressure+ 20 PSI

260

40 240
20 25 30 35 40
Ambient Temperature at Condenser - Degrees C
Part Number 679054
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 50Hz Allegra 6R/KR, Spinchron R With R404A
Running a GH-3.8A Rotor at Max speed, Set Temperature at -10

400

Allegra 6 Service Manual 6/13

380
60
360
340

55 320
300

Low Side Pressure+ 2 PSIG

280
High Side Pressure + 20 PSI

50
260
240
20 25 30 35 40
Ambient Temperature at Condenser - Degreees C
Part Number 679054
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 Part Number 679054
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3.2.4 Leak Test and Evacuation

A. Remove front panel and instrument housing as outlined in the mechanical systems
section.

B. Connect the charging manifold per step 3.2.2.

C. Purge charging manifold and hoses of air before adding refrigerant to the system.

D. If system pressures are low, add refrigerant R404a as a gas to the low-side with
compressor running.

E. Turn main power off. Allow pressures to equilibrate then test for leaks. (Requires a
leak detector that will detect R404a).

F. Correct all leaks found in the system.

G. Evacuate the system to 50 microns by using an evacuation manifold and a high

capacity vacuum pump, as shown in figure 3-3. After a vacuum is obtained turn
compressor on for about 2-3 seconds to remove moisture trapped in compressor,
turn compressor off and allow system to achieve 50 microns of vacuum.

H. Closed both access service valves at the compressor while the vacuum pump
continues to run. Once the valves are closed, turn off the vacuum pump and
remove the evacuation manifold.

I. Connect charging manifold and R404a refrigerant supply per procedure in step
3.2.3.

Vacuum Monitor
(338866)
Compressor
High Side
Service Valve

Evacuation Manifold
(341676)

Compressor
High Vacuum Low side
Pump Service Valve

FIGURE 3 - 3

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3.2.5 Chamber Bowl Replacement (Refrigerated)

A. Remove control panel, per step 3.1.3.

B. Remove drive motor, per step 3.1.6.

C. Remove housing, per step 3.1.8.

D. Remove refrigeration condenser fan (Benchtop).

E. Disconnect harnesses in brazing area and position them to avoid heat damage.

F. Recover refrigerant from system.

G. Remove Schroeder valves prior to brazing.

CAUTION: Do not damage or cut the capillary tube located inside the 1/4 inch tubing.
H. Benchtop - Observe brazing cautions. Unbraze refrigeration chamber line at low
side service valve "T". Using a tube cutter, carefully cut the 1/4 inch diameter tubing
approximately 2 inches (5 cm) from chamber foam wall.
Kneewell - Observe brazing cautions. Unbraze refrigeration chamber low-side line
approximately 8 inches (20 cm) from chamber foam wall. Using a tube cutter,
carefully cut the 1/4 inch diameter tubing approximately 8 inches from chamber.

I. Remove chamber support mounting hardware from bottom side of chassis.

J. Remove chamber.

K. Re-assemble the chamber, by performing the above steps in reverse order. Use a
connecting coupler to braze the 1/4 inch tubing which contains the capillary. DO
NOT CUT OR DAMAGE THE CAPILLARY TUBE. Evacuate, charge and leak test
the refrigeration system per step 3.2.3.

3.2.6 Temperature Calibration

A. Power off, adjust temperature indicator needle to read 15°C by using meter zero
adjustment located below meter face.

B. Remove front panel but do not disconnect harness.

C. Remove jumper (U1 TEMP), located on control bd. to the CAL position.

D. Disconnect thermistor by unplugging J/P21 (orange wires).

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E. Power on, adjust R146 on control board for a reading of + 3.5°C on temperature
meter. Be patient there is a short response time delay.

F. Ensure door latch mechanism is closed.

G. To check temperature knob calibration turn knob above and below 3.5°C.
Compressor should turn on and off at 3.5°C +/- 1°C.

H. Turn power off and move JU1 jumper to the NORM position. Reconnect J/P21.

I. Replace front panel.

NOTE: Ensure chamber gasket and door form a good seal prior to performing
refrigeration tests.
Resistance versus Temperature

10 K at 25 C
Temp. C Res. Temp. C Res. Temp. C Res. Temp. C Res.
-50 441.3K 0 29.49K 20 12.26K 40 5592
-40 239.8K 1 28.15K 21 11.77K 41 5389
-30 135.2K 2 26.89K 22 11.29K 42 5193
-20 78.91K 3 25.69K 23 10.84K 43 5006
-10 47.54K 4 24.55K 24 10.41K 44 4827
-1 30.89K 5 23.46K 25 10.00K 45 4655
6 22.43K 26 9605 46 4480
7 21.45K 27 9227 47 4331
8 20.52K 28 8867 48 4179
9 19.63K 29 8523 49 4033
10 18.79K 30 8194 50 3893
11 17.89K 31 7880 51 3758
12 17.22K 32 7579 52 3629
60 2760 13 16.49K 33 7291 53 3504
70 1990 14 15.79K 34 7016 54 3385
80 1458 15 15.13K 35 6752 55 3270
90 1084 16 14.50K 36 6500 56 3160
100 816.8 17 13.90K 37 6258 57 3054
110 623.5 18 13.33K 38 6026 58 2952
120 481.8 19 12.79K 39 5805 59 2854

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3.3 Speed Adjustment

3.3.1 Speed Verification

If you wish to compare the actual rotor speed with the speed readout, proceed as
follows, using a digital strobe.

NOTE: Calibration parameter values are at line voltage of 120 VAC for 60Hz units or
220 VAC for 50Hz.

A. Install rotor and tie-down nut. Blacken one half of the top side of the tie-down nut
with a black ink marker.

B. Close door and set desired speed. Speed can be precisely set using ACCU-SET
button.

C. Set timer knob to HOLD position (CCW).

D. When the rotor reaches set speed, strobe the rotor through the strobe port in the
instrument door to verify the actual rotor speed with the display.

E. Display versus actual speed should be +/- 30 at 3750 RPM at nominal line voltage.

F. If there is a discrepancy adjust R16 on the display board. To increase value turn pot
clockwise, decrease value by turning counter-clockwise.

NOTE: Maximum speed must be reduced to 3250 RPM when using Micro Plus
Multiwell Carriers.

3.3.2 Speed Knob Adjustment

If set and indicated speed are not in agreement, the speed knob may need adjustment.
Process as follows:

1. Install rotor. Set the speed know to 3000 RPM and the timer to HOLD. When the
rotor speed stabilizes, adjust the speed knob until the display speed is 3000 RPM.

2. Loosen the set screws on the speed knob. Adjust the knob until it indicates 3000
RPM. Tighten the set screws.

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3.3.3 Drive Current Adjustment

Warning: To adjust drive current the screws around the front control panel have to
be removed and the panel leaned forward. This will prevent the latch from
keeping the door locked during drive operation. To operate the centrifuge
safely, a door tie-down strap must be used. The part number for
the door tie-down strap is 964455.

A. Turn power off.

B. Remove screws from front control panel and lean forward.

C. To operate the centrifuge safely during drive current calibration, use a tie-down strap
to hold door closed.

D. Engage the door latch mechanism by manually closing the jaws on the latch.

E. Connect DVM to TP1 (blk) and TP2 (yel). set DVM to DC volt scale (low range).

F. Turn power on.

G. Set speed to 2500 RPM.

H. Turn time on.

I. Verify during acceleration that the voltage representing drive current is .8VDC +
.05VDC. Adjust drive current pot R156 as the drive accelerates between 1000 -
2000 rpm. Voltage will decrease as drive reaches speed.

3.3.4 Imbalance Procedure

With a GH 3.8 Rotor, the imbalance switch should trip with an 80g imbalance,
with 20 g it should pass.

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3.4 Troubleshooting

3.4.1 Resistance's*

120V Compressor
Common to Run 1.3 ohm
Common to Start 6.4 ohm
120V Condenser Fan 54 ohm

220V Compressor
Common to Run 5.9 ohm
Common to Start 26.5 ohm
220V Condenser Fan 235 ohm

Mag. Pickup (Red to Green) 675 ohm

Motor, 60Hz,
Armature 1.7 ohm
Field 2.2 ohm

*Resistance values are Nominal DC given in ohms.

3.4.2 Diagnostic Messages

If the run is shut down prematurely due to one of four conditions, the diagnostic
message, "8880" will be displayed in the RPM display. Refer to Table 1 to determine
the nature of the error or problem, possible causes, and recommended actions to take.

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Table 1. Shutdown/No-Start Diagnostics Chart

Possible
Cause Result Recommended Action

Imbalance Display will - Turn timer OFF then turn power switch OFF.
detector indicate - Turning power switch back ON will clear diagnostic
tripped. "8880". error.
Rotor will - Open chamber door.
coast to - Be sure rotor is properly installed on the drive shaft.
stop, latch - Check to be sure the rotor buckets and adapters are
will not symmetrically loaded around the pivotal axis of the
open. bucket, with containers of equal weight and density
of
each other.
- Be sure the rubber boot is undamaged and is seated
correctly around the motor cover.
- Confirm instrument (Benchtop model) was installed
on a
sturdy laboratory table or counter.

Thermal " - Turn timer OFF then turn power switch OFF.
cutout - Turning power switch back ON will allow door to be
switch opened. Diagnostics will re-occur as long as motor
activated in is hot.
drive - (Non-refrigerated) Check air inlet filters in door for
motor. obstruction. Remove filters and clean.
- Be sure rotor is properly installed on drive shaft and
boot is positioned down around motor cover.

Chamber " - Refrigerated model only.

overtemp. - Turn timer OFF then turn power switch OFF.
- Turning power switch back ON will clear diagnostic
error.
- Check temperature calibration.
- Check chamber thermistor (10K @ 24°C).
- Check solid state relay.
- Check refrigerant charge.

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Tacho " - Turn timer OFF then turn power switch OFF.
meter - Turning power switch back ON will clear diagnostic
signal loss error.
- Check Tach signal at TP9. Signal should be
+12VDC
square wave. If you do to have signal, check Tach
pick-up
assembly located on bottom of drive assembly.
- Check Tach voltage at TP10.
- Check ACCU-SET, read set speed voltage at TP10.
- Check display board.

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3.4.3 Other Possible Problems

Possible malfunctions not indicated by diagnostic messages are described in Table 2,
along with probable causes and corrective actions required.

Table 2. Troubleshooting Chart

Problem Probable Cause Corrective Action

Rotor cannot *Line voltage Check line voltage while instrument is under
achieve set below rating. load.
speed. Replace brush set if worn less than 1/2 inch in
Commutator length.
worn. Replace drive motor assembly.
Motor failure
Replace drive motor assembly.
Door will not Power not on.
open. Rotor spinning Apply power to instrument.
over 40 RPM. Rotor must be spinning less than 40 RPM
Latch stuck. before door can be opened.
See Emergency Access, 3.4.4.
Rotor speed Tach voltage
shows "0000" loss. Check Tach Presence at DS3.
and rotor is Check Tach pulse at TP9, should be +12V.
spinning. Check Tach voltage at TP10, check
(ACCUSET) set speed voltage at TP10, check
Rotor speed display board.
display is Lost power to
blank. display. Check plug J14.
Fuse blow.
Rotor does Check F2 and power supply voltages.
not achieve Line voltage
set speed. below rating. Check Tach voltage while instrument is under
Speed load.
calibration is off.
Check speed verification, and speed knob
adjustment. Per sec 3.3

* Line voltage must be 120 VAC 60Hz or 220 VAC 50Hz to maintain top speed with
maximum load.

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3.4.4 Emergency Access

If the facility power fails only momentarily, the centrifuge will resume operation when
power is restored and the rotor will return to set speed. However, if the rotor comes to a
complete stop you will have to restart the run when the power is restored. In the event
of an extended power failure, it may be necessary to trip the door-locking mechanism
manually to remove the rotor and retrieve your sample.

Warning: Under NO circumstances should you attempt to override the

door interlock system while the rotor is spinning. The following
procedure may expose the operator to the possibility of contact
with a spinning rotor. Turn the power off and disconnect the
centrifuge from the main power source before proceeding.

1. Press the POWER switch to OFF and unplug the power cord from the power source.

2. Make sure that the rotor is not spinning.

3. Move the secondary latch lever to UNLOCK.

4. Insert a 4-mm (5/32-inch) internal hex wrench into the access opening located on the
left side of the front panel.
5. Turn the hex wrench to the right (clockwise) until you hear a “click” or the door
opens.

6. Open the door and remove the sample.

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3.5 Preventative Maintenance

1. Purpose: To maintain the instrument in good operating condition; to insure the
installation of mandatory modifications; and to minimize user instrument down time.

2. Preliminary: Schedule and obtain permission from operator/owner to perform the

preventative maintenance call. Ask if there are any instrument problems. Ask if
instrument is safe to work on. This means no pathogenic or radioactive
contamination. If instrument is not safe to work on then request customer to clean
and/or sterilize the instrument and rotors.

3. The call:

A. Perform test run and check instrument operation. This includes display digits,
temperature control (R units), refrigeration system (R unit), motor operation.
B. DISCONNECT INSTRUMENT POWER by unplugging instrument power cord.
C. Remove chamber bowl and motor bellows (non-refrigerated) per step 3.1.4, front
panel per step 3.1.3.
D. Clean instrument. Clean or replace air filters.
E. Inspect and correct all instrument problems such as loose hardware, chaffing
burnt wires, pitted relay contacts, cracked hinges, cross-threaded rotor
F. Inspect rotors to insure they are maintained correctly per rotor instruction
manual.
G. Check instrument door operation to insure it functions correctly.
H. Perform all necessary instrument calibrations.
I. Reassemble instrument and make a final test run.

4. Call acceptance:

A. Discuss any problems with the customer.

B. Explain service performed to the customer. Make recommendations as to proper
rotor and instrument maintenance.
C. Review commitments and thank customer.

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SECTION 4

SCHEMATICS

4.1 Circuit Descriptions 4-1

4.1.1 General Description 4-1

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4.1 Circuit Description

This document is written to describe the electronics circuit for Allegra 6/Spinchron R
products. The following 2 sections will fulfill this purpose.

The first section is a general description of the system.

The second section is a detail circuit description of the control board.

4.1.1 General Description

Power - When the power switch is turned on, the AC voltage goes through an auto
transformer, if required, (per wiring diagram for the country that it is being assembled
for) otherwise AC directly powers the input transformer which feeds the power supply
circuit, where +24V, +12V, +5V, and -6.2 DC are generated.

The refrigeration unit receives power through a sold state relay controlled by the low
voltage logic circuit. If the door is opened the refrigeration is turned off.

The door latch system has a solenoid and two switches built in. When the door is
closed with the rotor stopped, the door relay, controlled by low voltage circuits, allows
the front panel “DOOR” switch to energize the door solenoid. When the door latch is
opened, the other internal door latch switch is opened, disconnecting the power to the
high voltage circuit and the SCR bridge.

A power sense circuit detects lack of voltage on the high voltage side and asserts the
reset line on the low voltage circuit side. Once the door is closed the power to the high
voltage circuit is resumed and the reset line releases after one second, therefore the
system could be operated.

Start - The timer controls the start, stop, and time of the run. When the timer is turned
on or switched to the "HOLD" position, the door is locked, the tach confidence is
charged up and the drive relay is energized. When the timer is turned off brake current
is generated, and the rotor brakes or coasts to a stop. Below 40 RPM the door is
unlocked, therefore the latch solenoid can be energized, opening the door latch.

Tach, Speed Control, Error Detection - A crystal controlled oscillator circuit outputs a
fixed pulse width for the each tach pulse received. The fixed width tach pulses charge
up a tach confidence capacitor which maintains tach confidence. If you lose tach
pulses and

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the timer is still on, a tach failure is generated after 20 seconds. This signal as well as
the imbalance, drive overtemp, or chamber overtemp (refrigerated models) will trigger
an error detection latch which disables the drive current command, and the drive will
coast to a stop. The door latch cannot be opened until the diagnostic error (8880) is
reset by a power off/on cycle. A frequency to voltage converter generates the tach
voltage which is shown on the display. The actual tach voltage is compared to the set
speed voltage. This signal controls the drive current command.

Temperature Circuit - The refrigeration circuit is controlled by the temperature set on

the front panel. The chamber temperature is displayed on an analog meter. If chamber
temperature is above the set temperature the compressor is turned on via a solid state
relay. If the chamber temperature is below the set temperature the compressor is
turned off. The temperature circuit is calibrated using a fixed resistor and a
potentiometer on the control board.

Brake - There are three possible settings for the brake switch on the front panel:

• Off - Removes braking entirely and allows the rotor to coast to a stop from set
speed.

• Low - Activates low dynamic braking down to 50 rpm, and is used for slower
deceleration to avoid re-mixing or re-suspension of sample.

• High - Activates high dynamic braking that starts immediately after timer is turned
off. When rotor speed reaches 50 rpm, all braking stops and the rotor coasts to a
stop.

During braking, the SCR's are fired but the resulting current flows through the motor
field winding only. The armature becomes a generator dissipating the power through
brake resistors, therefore braking.

Reset - Reset is high under the following conditions:

• If there is a power failure for over 100 millisec.

• If the power to the high voltage circuit is interrupted.
• If the power switch is turned off/on.

Back EMF - If tach fails, there is a window in which the door relay could be energized
allowing the door latch to be opened. To eliminate this condition we monitor the back
EMF voltage from the armature.

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4.1.2 Detailed Circuit Description

This circuit description is according to reference schematic DWG No. 358737-01.

Power Supply Circuit

The power supply transformer provides a 40 VAC on its secondary which is rectified by
CR8, 9, 10, and 11. The +24VDC (TP4) is filtered by C3 and supplies power to all
relays on the board. This voltage is used to generate the regulated +12V (TP6) and
+5V (TP7) using U8 and U9. The negative side of the bridge generates the -6.2 VDC
using R19 and VR1. It also generates a sync pulse that is taken to the high voltage
circuit, through opto transistor U5, this sync pulse is used in the constant current circuit
for the drive.

Reset

A momentary reset pulse is generated by U12 on power up, and anytime there is a
power interruption over 100 ms. The reset pulse; disables the SCR opto-coupler U6,
and the refrigeration s.s. relay. It discharges C24 and C37 to prevent false triggering of
the tach confidence, drive overtemp, chamber overtemp, and imbalance diagnostics.
Opening the chamber door generates a reset that is always high, turning off the
refrigeration s.s. relay.

Start

To start the instrument the timer has to be on and the chamber door closed. This takes
J14-9 to ground and U15F-6 low. U15F-11 is now high. U15G-10 goes low causing
U10G-10 to go high, charging up C38 through R132. AR6A-1 goes high after three
seconds causing U10A-16 go to low energizing the drive relay K3. When the timer was
turned on, U15E-5 went high and pin 12 low. Whenever the timer is either turned ON
or OFF, C40 will charge or discharge generating a 3 second pulse at the output of
AR6B-7. This pulse will charge up C41 and C32 via R8, CR36, and CR35, putting a
high on pin 13 of AR5D. AR5D-14 and AR4A-1 will go low (low = tach ok). Due to the
discharge rate of C41 and C32, there is enough time for the drive to start turning and
generate tach pulses to re-charge tach confidence capacitor C32. Therefore if there is
no diagnostic error turning on Q2 through CR17, Q2 will be off after the three second
pulse from AR6B-7.

Acceleration

When a run has been started, Q2 turns off and C25 starts charging up through R71, as
the voltage gradually increases, AR6D-14 output which was low starts oscillating.
Eventually its high level duty cycle increases to a solid high output which commands full
current to the drive. A full current causes rotor acceleration. The slope with which C25
gets charged up determines the soft start of the drive current.

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 Part Number 679054
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Since the set speed is higher than actual speed, the output of AR2D-14 is high. The
high output doesn't effect the soft start operation due to CR15. At speed, AR2D-14
output regulates the voltage across C25 causing proper duty cycle on AR6D-14 to
regulate the current to the drive maintaining the set speed.

Tachometer Circuit

Tach pulses are generated by a magnetic sensor. There are six pulses per each rotor
revolution. The pulses can be viewed on DS3 or at TP9 using an oscilloscope. The
tach pulses trigger a one shot, AR5B, which enables a counter, generating a 572 micro
second pulse for each tach pulse received. Due to using a crystal controlled oscillator
and digital counter (U16), the pulse width is very stable and insensitive to the noisy
environment within the centrifuge. The fixed pulses charge up the tach confidence
capacitor C32 through R85. With C32 charged AR5D-14 stay low, and the system
continues to run. The same pulses charge up tach voltage capacitor C31 through R84.
The voltage across C31 indicates the exact speed of the rotor. Normally the tach
voltage is selected when U13A-10 is high, and displayed. Set speed voltage is selected
when U13A-10 is low, using Accu-set. Tach voltage can be observed at TP10. AR2A
and AR2B are used to buffer the actual speed and set speed voltages from multiplexer
U13A.

Temperature Control (refrigerated only)

The temperature in the chamber is sensed by RT1, a 10K thermistor. The thermistor
output is linearized by resistors R124 and R125. AR3D is used to drive the temperature
meter, M1. The meter is a zero center type and is set up so that at 15°C the voltage is
exactly 1/2 of the bridge supply voltage, hence no zero adjust is required. R146 is used
to calibrate the temperature meter. Temperature setting is done by R1, a 10K variable
resistor. R90, R91, and R92 adjust the span of the set voltage to match the thermistor
output. When the output of AR3B-7 is low U15A-16 will go high turning the compressor
off via the solid state relay. AR3C provides over-temperature sensing. R95 and R96
set a voltage level corresponding to about 50°C. If the temperature exceed 50°C, the
output of AR3C-8 will go high causing AR4B-7 to go high after a time delay determined
by R9 and C24. When AR4B-7 goes high it causes AR6C-8 to go high. At this point
several conditions will follow:

1. This will turn on Q2 via R68, CR17, and R69. AR6D-14 will go low disabling opto-
transistor U2, current command to drive.

2. AR2C-8 will go low preventing the door latch from opening.

3. U11D-13 will go low disabling the opto-SCR U6.

4. Q1 will turn on, allowing a high at J14-10. This will generate the diagnostic error
"8880" on the display. The diagnostic can be cleared by turning the power switch
off/on, after the temperature has dropped below 50°C.

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 Part Number 679054
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High Voltage Circuit

The high voltage circuit is referenced to the line potential. An isolation box must be
used when probing this circuit. The high voltage circuit and the opto-SCR (U6) are
protected by F5 (1/4 amp) fuse. VR2 provides the +12 volt reference to AR1. This
circuit controls the firing angle required by the SCR bridge. The sync pulses from the
power supply circuit (U5) provide low going pulses at the output of comparator AR1B-7.
The low going pulses discharge the voltage across C14 through CR4. During the high
level of the pulses, C14 is charged up through R14; this generates a non-linear
sawtooth on the input of the comparator AR1A-3 which is used as a reference to
determine the firing angle of the SCR's. The non-linearity of the sawtooth is to
compensate for the non-linearity of the AC current so the resulting current adjustments
could be linear. U5 is designed in such a way that if it is open or missing from the
circuit, AR1A-3 would stay low and the SCR's would not fire. CR4 is selected to be a
IN4005 so that it could stand the high voltage potential across it in case of component
failures. R14 and R153 are selected 1 watt due to
a high voltage drop cross them not due to high power dissipation. AR1D-14 controls
the firing angle of the SCR bridge hence the current through the motor. Two loops
control this amplifier; the voltage across the current sense resistor, R3, through R5 a
33.2K resistor, and the pulse train, generated by AR6D-14, sent to the high voltage
circuit through opto-transistor U2. Pulses are converted to a voltage level by R25 and
C6.

The currents at the summing node AR1D-13 generate a voltage level at AR1D-14 which
gets compared to the non-linear sawtooth by comparator AR1A, resulting in a high
going pulse at AR1A-1. This high going pulse turns on the opto-transistor U3 which
forces a low going pulse at U11G-10 turning on DS1, the current command LED and
U6, the opto-SCR. This pulse can be observed at TP-8 using an oscilloscope. The
opto-SCR is controlled at different firing angles based on the pulse widths of the trigger
pulse, thereby firing the gates of the SCR bridge for different duration’s. The voltage
that is generated on the + side the of SCR bridge is filtered through a choke to reduce
the RMS line current. When in brake mode the drive relay K3 is de-energized, allowing
current to flow through the motor field winding only. The voltage generated by the
armature is dissipated through the 100 watt brake resistor and at 1000 RPM a 25 watt
brake resistor is paralleled by K4A relay contracts.

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 Part Number 679054
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Back EMF and Door Circuit

If a tach failure happens, the drive starts accelerating for 6 seconds and then goes into
a coast mode. The prevent the operator from activating the door latch, the circuit
disables the door relay K5 by monitoring the back EMF generated by the armature.
This voltage is sensed by AR1C-9, turning the opto-transistor U4 on. This will put a
high U10D-4 causing a low at U10D-13 preventing the door solenoid from energizing.
Back EMF is generated down to 250 RPM, at this time U4 is turned off causing a low at
U10D-4. With U10D-13 open, R5D-14 (tach presents) will control the door latch relay
K5. In normal operation, when the RPM is less than 40, tach confidence discharges
and AR5D-14 goes high, activating the door latch relay K5. This allows the operator to
open the door using the door switch.

Stop

To terminate a run the timer is turned off. U15F-6 will go high and U15F-11 low.
U15G-10 will go high causing U10G-10 to go low discharging C38. Therefore releasing
the drive relay K3 when AR6A-1 goes low after one second. Meanwhile the rising edge
on U15E-12 triggers the one shot AR6B, generating a three second high going pulse
which turns Q2 on . When Q2 is turned on capacitor C25 is discharged, the oscillator
output of AR6D-14 goes low turning of opto-transistor U2 stopping the current to the
motor windings due to K3 being de-energized. The generated armature voltage is
dissipated through the 100W brake resistor. Max. brake relay K4 is energized below
1000 rpm. If the brake is off the rotor will coast to a stop.

Brake Circuit

Braking is performed by either low dynamic braking or high dynamic braking. During
brake mode, K3 is de-energized and SCR voltage is applied to the field windings of the
motor. This results in a generated EMF in the armature which causes current to flow
through the 13 ohm resistor, giving low dynamic braking. At low speeds, < 1000 RPM,
the EMF is lower, which requires an additional resistor in the circuit to maintain braking
down to 50 RPM. When high brake is selected, K6 is energized for additional dynamic
braking. If no brake is selected, the motor field is not energized.

Allegra 6 Service Manual 6/13