Java Demonstration of

Different Design
Patterns
Singleton
Factory
Strategy
Observer
Decorator
Command
Template Method
Adapter
Builder
Composite
Proxy

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Category: Creational Design
Pattern: Singleton

static class AppConfig {

private static final AppConfig INSTANCE =

new AppConfig();
private AppConfig() {}

public static AppConfig getInstance()

{
return INSTANCE;
}
}

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 Category: Creational Design
Pattern: Factory

static class PaymentFactory {

public static PaymentStrategy
getPayment(String type) {
return switch (type) {
case "paypal" -> new
PayPalPayment();
case "card" -> new
CreditCardPayment();
default -> throw new
IllegalArgumentException("Unknown type");
};
}
}

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 Category: Behavioral Design
Pattern: Strategy
interface PaymentStrategy {
void pay(int amount);
}

static class CreditCardPayment implements

PaymentStrategy {
public void pay(int amount) {
System.out.println("Paid " + amount + "
with Credit Card");
}
}

static class PayPalPayment implements

PaymentStrategy {
public void pay(int amount) {
System.out.println("Paid " + amount + "
with PayPal");
}
}

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 Category: Behavioral Design
Pattern: Observer
interface Subscriber {
void update(String news);
}

static class EmailSubscriber implements Subscriber {

public void update(String news) {
System.out.println("Email received: " + news);
}
}

static class NewsPublisher {

private final List<Subscriber> subs = new ArrayList<>
();
public void subscribe(Subscriber s) {
subs.add(s);
}
public void notifySubs(String news) {
subs.forEach(s -> s.update(news));
}
}

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 Category: Structural Design
Pattern: Decorator
interface Notifier {
void send(String msg);
}

static class BasicNotifier implements Notifier {

public void send(String msg) {
System.out.println("Sending: " + msg);
}
}

static class SlackDecorator implements Notifier {

private final Notifier wrap;
public SlackDecorator(Notifier wrap) {
this.wrap = wrap;
}
public void send(String msg) {
wrap.send(msg);
System.out.println("Also sent to Slack: " + msg);
}
}

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 Category: Structural Design
Pattern: Command

interface Command {
void execute();
}

static class SaveCommand implements Command

{
public void execute() {
System.out.println("File saved.");
}
}

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 Category: Behavioral Design
Pattern: Template Method
abstract static class ReportGenerator {
public final void generate() {
fetchData();
formatData();
export();
}
abstract void fetchData();
abstract void formatData();
void export() {
System.out.println("Exported report");
}
}

static class SalesReport extends ReportGenerator {

void fetchData() {
System.out.println("Fetched sales data");
}
void formatData() {
System.out.println("Formatted sales report");
}
}

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 Category: Structural Design
Pattern: Adapter

interface JsonExporter {
String export();
}

static class XmlReport {

String generateXML() {
return "<data>xml</data>";
}
}

static class XmlToJsonAdapter implements JsonExporter {

private final XmlReport xml;
public XmlToJsonAdapter(XmlReport xml) {
this.xml = xml;
}
public String export() {
return "{\"converted\": true}";
}
}

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 Category: Creational Design
Pattern: Builder
static class User {
private final String name;
private final int age;
private final String email;

private User(Builder builder) {

this.name = builder.name;
this.age = builder.age;
this.email = builder.email;
}

static class Builder {

private String name;
private int age;
private String email;

public Builder name(String name) { this.name = name; return this; }

public Builder age(int age) { this.age = age; return this; }
public Builder email(String email) { this.email = email; return this; }
public User build() {
return new User(this);
}
}

public String toString() {

return name + ", " + age + ", " + email;
}
}

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 Category: Structural Design
Pattern: Composite
interface UIComponent {
void render();
}

static class Button implements UIComponent {

public void render() {
System.out.println("Rendering Button");
}
}

static class Panel implements UIComponent {

private final List<UIComponent> children = new ArrayList<>();
public void add(UIComponent c) { children.add(c); }
public void render() {
System.out.println("Rendering Panel");
children.forEach(UIComponent::render);
}
}

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 Category: Structural Design
Pattern: Proxy
interface Image {
void display();
}

static class RealImage implements Image {

private final String filename;
public RealImage(String filename) {
this.filename = filename;
load();
}
private void load() {
System.out.println("Loading " + filename);
}
public void display() {
System.out.println("Displaying " + filename);
}
}

static class ProxyImage implements Image {

private RealImage real;
private final String filename;
public ProxyImage(String filename) {
this.filename = filename;
}
public void display() {
if (real == null) real = new RealImage(filename);
real.display();
}
}

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 Invoking the design patterns
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Singleton
AppConfig config = AppConfig.getInstance();

// Factory + Strategy
PaymentStrategy payment = PaymentFactory.getPayment("card");
payment.pay(500);

// Observer
NewsPublisher pub = new NewsPublisher();
pub.subscribe(new EmailSubscriber());
pub.notifySubs("New release is live!");

// Decorator
Notifier notifier = new SlackDecorator(new BasicNotifier());
notifier.send("Build done");

// Command
Command save = new SaveCommand();
save.execute();

// Template
ReportGenerator report = new SalesReport();
report.generate();

// Adapter
JsonExporter adapter = new XmlToJsonAdapter(new XmlReport());
System.out.println("JSON: " + adapter.export());

// Builder
User user = new User.Builder()
.name("Alice")
.age(28)
.email("[email protected]")
.build();
System.out.println("User: " + user);

// Composite
Panel panel = new Panel();
panel.add(new Button());
panel.add(new Button());
panel.render();

// Proxy
Image img = new ProxyImage("photo.jpg");
img.display(); // Loads and displays
img.display(); // Just displays
}
}

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