LABOUR LAW GLOSSARY

ENGLISH & AFRIKAANS

ENGLISH AFRIKAANS
Individual labour law the law that regulates the relationship die reg wat die verhouding tussen ʼn
between an individual employee and an individuele werknemer en ʼn individuele
individual employer werkgewer reël
Collective labour law the law that regulates the relationship die reg wat die verhouding tussen ʼn groep
between a group of employees (trade werknemers (vakbond) en ʼn werkgewer of
union) and an employer or employers werkgewers (werkgewersorganisasie) reël
(employers’ organisation)
Employee any person, excluding an independent enige persoon, behalwe ʼn onafhanklike
contractor, who works for another kontrakteur, wat vir ʼn ander persoon of
person or for the State and who receives die staat werk, en wat enige vergoeding
or is entitled to receive, any ontvang of geregtig is om dit te ontvang,
remuneration; and any other person who en enige ander persoon wat op enige wyse
in any manner assists in carrying on or help om die onderneming van ʼn
conducting the business of an employer werkgewer te dryf.
Fixed-term employee an employee whose contract of ʼn werknemer wie se dienskontrak verval
employment terminates on the sodra ʼn gespesifiseerde gebeurtenis
occurrence of a specified event, plaasvind, ʼn taak of projek afgehandel is,
completion of a task or project or a fixed of op ʼn vaste datum behalwe ʼn
date other than an employee’s normal or werknemer se normale of ooreengekome
agreed retirement age aftreeouderdom verval
Part-time employee an employee who is remunerated by ʼn werknemer wat vergoed word volgens
reference to the time that the employee die tyd wat die werknemer werk, en wat
works, and who works less than a minder as ʼn voltydse werknemer werk
comparable full-time employee
Employer any person/body which employs any Enige persoon/liggaam wat enige persoon
person in exchange for remuneration in ruil vir ʼn vergoeding in diens neem of
and any person who permits any person enige persoon wat enige ander persoon
to assist her or him in conducting toelaat om hom of haar met die dryf van
business ʼn onderneming te help.
Labour broker/ Temporary any person who for reward, procures for Enige persoon wat teen vergoeding ander
employment service or provides to a client other persons who persone werf om dienste aan ʼn kliënt te
render services to, or perform work for, lewer of werk vir ʼn kliënt te doen, en wat
the client; and who are remunerated by hulle as ʼn verskaffer van tydelike werk
the temporary employment service vergoed.
Independent contractor a person contracted to perform a ʼn persoon wat gekontrakteer word om ʼn
specified task or produce a specific spesifieke taak te verrig of ʼn spesifieke
result resultaat te behaal
Contract of employment is an agreement between an employee ʼn ooreenkoms tussen ʼn werkgewer en ʼn
and an employer in terms of which the werknemer waarvolgens die werknemer
employee places his or her personal sy dienste of arbeidspotensiaal tot die
services or labour potential at the beskikking van die werkgewer stel of
disposal or under the control of the onder beheer van die werkgewer plaas in
employer in exchange for some form of ruil vir die een of ander vorm van
remuneration vergoeding
Restraint of trade clause a clause included in a contract of ʼn klousule in ʼn dienskontrak wat die
employment to protect the employer’s werkgewer se klandisiewaarde en
goodwill and customer connections for a kliëntkonneksies vir ʼn spesifieke tydperk
specified period and within a specified en in ʼn gespesifiseerde area beskerm
area after leaving employment nadat die werknemer die werkgewer se
diens verlaat het
Vicarious liability the holding of an employer liable for the ʼn werkgewer word aanspreeklik gehou vir
unlawful or delictual acts of an die onregmatige dade wat ʼn werknemer
employee performed during the course in die gang van sake pleeg
or scope of business
Terms and conditions of express or stated terms agreed by the uitdruklike of verklaarde voorwaardes
employment employer and employees as well as waarop die werkgewer en werknemer
those implied by practice, the law or ooreenkom asook diegene wat deur die
collective agreements praktyk, die reg of kollektiewe
ooreenkomste geïmpliseer word
Severance pay pay which an employee receives from die vergoeding wat ʼn werknemer van die
the employer when dismissed for werkgewer ontvang as die werknemer om
operational reasons which is equal to at bedryfsredes ontslaan word, en is gelyk
least one week’s remuneration for each aan minstens een week se vergoeding vir
completed year of continuous service elke jaar van ononderbroke diens by die
with the employer werkgewer
Ministerial determination a determination made by the Minister of ʼn vasstelling van die minister van arbeid
Labour to replace or exclude any wat enige minimumstandaard vervang of
minimum standard provided for in the uitsluit wat in die Wet op Basiese
BCEA in respect of employees or any Diensvoorwaardes voorgeskryf word ten
categories of employers opsigte van werknemers of enige
kategorie werkgewer
Sectoral determination a determination which establishes basic ʼn vasstelling van die basiese
conditions of employment for employees diensvoorwaardes vir werknemers in ʼn
in a sector and an area sektor en area
Differentiation discrimination based on acceptable diskriminasie op grond van aanvaarbare
reasons such as expertise and skills redes, soos kundigheid en vaardighede
Discrimination differentiation based on an unlawful differensiasie op grond van onregmatige
ground such as race and age gronde, soos ras en ouderdom
Direct discrimination a differentiation or distinction between ʼn differensiasie of onderskeid tussen
employees which is clearly based on one werknemers wat sonder twyfel berus op
or more grounds listed in the EEA een of meer gronde wat in die EEA
vermeld word
Indirect discrimination it occurs where an employer applies a dit kom voor as ʼn werkgewer ʼn reël of
rule or policy that looks neutral to all beleid toepas wat vir alle werknemers
employees but the application of that neutraal lyk maar ʼn ongelyke uitwerking
rule has disproportionate effect on a op ʼn bepaalde groep werknemers het
certain group of employees
Inherent requirements of a the physical requirements of the job die vereistes van ʼn pos waarvolgens
job that make it necessary for employees to werknemers oor bepaalde liggaamlike
have certain physical characteristics kenmerke moet beskik
Affirmative action a measure to be applied by designated ʼn maatreël wat aangewese werkgewers
employers to ensure that suitably moet toepas om te verseker dat geskik
qualified people from designated groups gekwalifiseerde mense uit aangewese
have equal employment opportunities groepe gelyke diensgeleenthede geniet en
and are equitably represented in all op alle beroepsvlakke in die werkplek
occupational levels in the workplace of verteenwoordig word
those employers
Sexual harassment unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature Ongewenste gedrag van ʼn seksuele aard
that violates the rights such as dignity wat die regte van ʼn werknemer, soos die
and privacy of an employee, that reg op menswaardigheid en privaatheid,
constitutes a barrier to equity in the skend en gelykheid in die werkplek
workplace and is based on sex or gender belemmer, en wat op geslag of gender of
or sexual orientation seksuele oriëntasie berus
Designated employers an employer who employs 50 or more ʼn werkgewer wat 50 of meer werknemers
employees, or has a total annual in diens het of wat ʼn jaarlikse omset het
turnover as reflected in Schedule 4 of wat in Bylae 4 van die Wet vermeld word,
the Act, municipalities; organs of state munisipaliteite, staatsorgane en diegene
and those appointed as designated wat ingevolge ʼn kollektiewe ooreenkoms
employers in terms of a collective as aangewese werkgewers aangedui word
agreement
Designated groups the groups which are to benefit from die groepe soos swart mense, vroue en
affirmative action such as black people, gestremdes wat by regstellende optrede
women and people with disabilities baat vind
Unfair labour practice any unfair act or omission that arises enige onregverdige handeling of versuim
between an employer and an employee tussen ʼn werkgewer en werknemer en dit
involving unfair conduct by the employer behels die onregverdige gedrag van ʼn
relating to the promotion, demotion, werkgewer rakende die bevordering,
probation or training of an employee or rangverlaging, proeftyd of opleiding van ʼn
the provision of benefits to an werknemer of die voordele van ʼn
employee; the unfair suspension of an werknemer, die onbillike skorsing van ʼn
employee; a failure to reinstate or re- werknemer, die versuim om ʼn voormalige
employ a former employee in terms of werknemer ingevolge ʼn ooreenkoms weer
an agreement and occupational aan te stel, en beroepsbenadeling omrede
detriment on account of the employee die werknemer ʼn beskermde
having made a protected disclosure openbaarmaking gedoen het
Constructive dismissal termination of an employment contract beëindiging van ʼn dienskontrak deur die
by the employee with or without notice werknemer met of sonder kennis as gevolg
because of actions or omissions of the van die handelinge en versuime van die
employer werkgewer
Substantive fairness of a the reason which must exist to make a die rede wat moet bestaan om ʼn ontslag
dismissal dismissal fair billik te maak
Procedural fairness of a the procedure which must be followed die prosedure wat gevolg moet ʼn ontslag
dismissal to make a dismissal fair billik te maak
Automatically unfair a dismissal which the employer cannot ʼn ontslag waarvoor die werkgewer geen
dismissal defend by proving that it was for a fair billike rede kan aanvoer nie
reason
Dismissal for misconduct the dismissal of an employee due to the die ontslag van ʼn werknemer weens die
contravention of a rule or standard oortreding van ʼn reël of standaard wat
regulating conduct in or of relevance to gedrag in of met betrekking tot die
the workplace werkplek bepaal
Dismissal for incapacity the dismissal of an employee due to his die ontslag van ʼn werknemer omdat hy of
or her failure to meet the standard of sy versuim om aan die
performance required by the employer prestasiestandaarde van die werknemer
te voldoen
Dismissal for operational the dismissal of employees due to die ontslag van werknemers weens die
requirements economic, technological, structural or ekonomiese, strukturele of soortgelyke
similar needs of an employer behoeftes van die werkgewer
Right to freedom of the right of employees or employers to die reg van werknemers om vakbonde of
association form, join or take part in activities of werkgewers om werkgewerorganisasies te
trade unions or employers’ organisations stig of aan die aktiwiteite daarvan deel te
neem
Union security closed shop agreements and agency shop Geslotegeldere- en agent-
arrangements agreements skapwerkplekooreenkomste
Closed shop agreement a collective agreement concluded ʼn kollektiewe ooreenkoms tussen ʼn
between a representative trade union verteenwoordigende vakbond en ʼn
and an employer or employer’s werkgewer of ʼn werkgewerorganisasie
organization requiring all employees wat alle lede wat deur die ooreenkoms
covered by the agreement to be gedek word, verplig om lid van die
members of the trade union vakbond te word
Agency shop agreement a collective agreement concluded ʼn kollektiewe ooreenkoms tussen ʼn
between a representative trade union verteenwoordigende vakbond en ʼn
and an employer or employer’s werkgewer of ʼn werkgewerorganisasie
organization requiring the employer to wat die werkgewer verplig om ʼn
deduct an agreed agency fee from the ooreengekome agentskapfooi van
wages of employees identified in the werknemers wat nie lid van die vakbond
agreement who are not members of the is nie maar vir lidmaatskap in aanmerking
trade union but are eligible for kom, se lone af te trek
membership thereof
Organizational rights the rights which are granted to trade die regte wat aan vakbonde verleen word
unions to enable them to establish and om ʼn sterk teenwoordigheid in die
maintain a strong presence in the werkplek te handhaaf en ʼn verhouding vir
kollektiewe bedinging tot stand te bring
 workplace in order to establish a
collective bargaining relationship
Majority representation the representation by a trade union of Die verteenwoordiging van die
the majority of employees in a meerderheid werknemers in ʼn werkplek
workplace deur ʼn vakbond
Sufficient representation the representation by a trade union of a Die verteenwoordiging deur ʼn vakbond
sufficient number of employees, which van ʼn voldoende aantal werknemers wat
is less than half the number of minder is as die helfte van die aantal
employees in a workplace werknemers in ʼn werkplek
Collective bargaining is a process whereby employers Die proses waarvolgens werkgewers
(employers’ organisation) bargain with (werkgewer-organisasies)
employee representatives (trade unions) diensvoorwaardes en ander sake van
about terms and conditions of gemeenskaplike belang met die
employment and other matters of werknemers se verteenwoordigers
mutual interest (vakbonde) beding
Collective agreement a written agreement concerning terms ʼn geskrewe ooreenkoms rakende die
and conditions of employment, or any diensvoorwaardes of enige ander
other matter of mutual interest, aangeleentheid van gemeenskaplike
concluded by one or more registered belang wat gesluit word deur een of meer
trade unions on the one hand and, on the geregistreerde vakbond enersyds en een
other hand– one or more employers; one of meer werkgewers of een of meer
or more registered employers’ geregistreerde werkgewersorganisasies
organisations; or one or more employers andersyds
and one or more registered employers’
organisations
Trade union an association of employees whose ʼn werknemersvereniging wat in hoofsaak
principal purpose is to regulate relations die verhouding tussen werknemers en
between employees and employers, werkgewers of werkgewersorganisasies
including employers’ organisations reël
Employers’ organisation any number of employers associated Enige aantal werkgewers wat verenig is
together for the purpose, whether by met die doel om self of in samewerking
itself or with other purposes, of met ander die verhouding tussen
regulating relations between employers werkgewers en werknemers of vakbonde
and employees or trade unions te reël
Workplace forum an in-house institution intended to deal ʼn interne instelling wat aandag skenk aan
with non-wage-related issues in the aangeleenthede in die werkplek wat nie
workplace met lone verband hou nie
Consultation [for purposes a process through which the employer ʼn proses waarvolgens die werkgewer die
of a workplace forum] allows the forum to make werkplekforum vertoë laat rig en
representations and to advance alternatiewe voorstelle laat indien. Die
alternative proposals and considers and werkgewer skenk oorweging daaraan en
responds to them reageer daarop.
Joint decision making [for a process through which the employer ʼn proses waarvolgens die werkgewer met
purposes of a workplace consults and reach consensus with a ʼn forum oorleg pleeg en ooreenstemming
forum] forum daarmee bereik
Strike the partial or complete concerted Die gedeeltelike of volledige, verenigde
refusal to work, or the retardation or weiering om te werk of die vertraging of
obstruction of work, by persons who are dwarsboming van werk deur persone wat
or have been employed by the same in diens van dieselfde werkgewer of
employer or by different employers, for verskillende werkgewers is of was met die
the purpose of remedying a grievance or doel om ʼn grief uit die weg te ruim of ʼn
resolving a dispute in respect of any geskil te besleg ten aansien van enige
matter of mutual interest between the aangeleentheid van wedersydse belang
employer and employees tussen die werkgewer en die werknemers
A primary strike the main strike by employees who have Die hoofstaking deur werknemers wat ʼn
a dispute with their employer geskil met hulle werkgewer het
A secondary strike the strike by employees of another ʼn staking deur werknemers van ʼn ander
employer (secondary employer) with a werkgewer (sekondêre werkgewer) wat ʼn
link with the primary employer, who verbintenis met die primêre werkgewer
 have no dispute with their employer, but het, wat geen geskil met hulle werkgewer
with the purpose of supporting the strike het nie, met die doel om die staking deur
by employees of the primary employer werknemers van die primêre werkgewer
(primary strike) (primêre staking) te steun
Lock-out the exclusion by an employer of Die uitsluiting van werknemers deur die
employees from the employer's werkgewer uit die werkgewer se werkplek
workplace, for the purpose of met die doel om die werknemers te dwing
compelling the employees to accept a om ʼn eis rakende enige aangeleentheid
demand in respect of any matter of van wedersydse belang tussen die
mutual interest between employer and werkgewer en werknemers te aanvaar,
employee, whether or not the employer ongeag of die werkgewer die werknemers
breaches those employees' contracts of se dienskontrakte vir die duur van die
employment in the course of or for the uitsluiting of vir die doel daarvan
purpose of that exclusion onderbreek.
Issue in dispute the demand, the grievance or the Die eis, grief of geskil wat die onderwerp
dispute that forms the subject matter of van die staking of uitsluiting is
the strike or lock-out
Essential services a service the interruption of which ʼn diens waarvan die onderbreking die
endangers the life, personal safety or lewe, veiligheid of gesondheid van die
health of the whole or any part of the hele bevolking of ʼn gedeelte daarvan
population and also includes the bedreig, en sluit die Parlementêre Diens
Parliamentary Service and the South en die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens in
African Police Service
Maintenance services a service the interruption of which has ʼn diensonderbreking wat enige werkende
the effect of material physical gebied, aanleg of masjinerie fisies
destruction to any working area, plant or vernietig
machinery
Picketing a peaceful action by striking employees Die vreedsame optrede van stakende
to encourage non-striking employees werknemers om niestakende werknemers
and members of the public to oppose a en lede van die publiek aan te moedig om
lock-out or to support a protected strike ʼn uitsluiting teen te staan of ʼn beskermde
staking te steun
Protest action the partial or complete concerted Die gedeeltelike of volledige, verenigde
refusal to work, or retardation or weiering om te werk of die vertraging of
obstruction of work, for the purpose of dwarsboming van werk met die doel om
promoting or defending the socio- die sosio-ekonomiese belange van werkers
economic interests of workers te beskerm of te bevorder