6

s’ world
In this unit …
Reading Comprehension
You will read
• a picture story about a dog’s problems
• an editorial about Hong Kong’s animal
Pet
protection laws

O
• a poem about the life of a bunny
• profiles of two celebrity pets

T
Vocabulary

S
You will learn how to

I
• identify and use words related to
animal care and welfare
• explain pet preferences using

R
suitable expressions
• form and use phrasal verbs

A
Grammar
You will learn how to use
• ‘must’ and ‘have to’
• ‘to-’infinitives and gerunds
• adverbs of manner
1 2 3
Task
L ook at the pictures. Do you know what the young of these animals are called? Put the
You will
• listen to a pet training school workshop
words from the box on page 27 into the correct spaces.
• discuss how a picture story should end
• write a picture story about the
importance of pet training 1 giraffe 5 dog

Developing Skills 2 duck 6 sheep

Understanding setting and tone
 Using phrasal verbs
 nderstanding common types of
U
3 horse 7 kangaroo joey
spoken information

4 8
Writing in the first or third person
cat lion

26
 Warm-Up

TO
IS
4 5
A R 6 7 8
Which of these animals would you want to have as a pet? Discuss your reasons with a classmate.
You may begin your discussion like this:

Help!
calf
I want to have a lamb as a pet. I think they
cub
duckling
look cute and cuddly. How about you?
foal
kitten
I want to have a … as a
lamb
pup
pet because …

27
 Note

BEFORE YOU READ READ AND UNDERSTAND

To get ready for Texts 1-4 on pages Your teacher wants you to learn more about
28-31, Scan the texts and answer the pet animals and gives you the information
questions below. in and on pages 28-33 to study. Read the
information and complete Exercises 1 and 2
1 (Texts 1&4) What are the names of to help you understand the texts.
the cats and dogs featured in the
1
texts? Answer by completing the xt
Te tor
y
es
table below. i c tur
P

Text 1 Text 4 How to tell if your human

needs training

O
Cat

T
5 sometimes think that dogs need
Dog to go for long walks morning, noon and night.

S
Cool Cat Café WRONG! A good walk each day is enough, and if

I
they’re taking a nap, you can forget about it!

2 (Text 2) Which places’ animal laws At the Cool Cat Café, troubled

R
are discussed in the text? pooch shares his human Do we have to do
trouble with wise cat 10 this? It‛s raining cats
•

A
and dogs outside!
over a cup of cold milk.
•
•
•

3 (Text 3) The poem is written by

. HUMANS should not fuss over also like to look after
Pixie their pets 24 hours a day. Unless their own kennels. Would our human
you’re entering them into a pet friends like it if we threw out their
Miffy 20 possessions? No! So, please give us a
15 show, dogs may not like being
Josh Cheung cleaned and groomed too often. break.
Mummy Rosamund
STOP throwing away
my juicy bones!
Info
Many English idioms are based
on animals. For example,
‘raining cats and dogs’ which
means ‘raining heavily’.

28 25 CONCLUSION: Butch’s human needs training, or Butch

may need to find somewhere else to live.
 Note
Reading Comprehension

Developing Skills: Reading Understanding setting and tone

When we read a story, we need to find out when and where the action is taking place to get
a better understanding of it. This information, called the setting, is usually given at the
beginning of the story. In the case of Text 1, which is a picture story, the following gives
information about the setting.

Cool Cat Café

Title (when) (where)

The tone is the way the writer shows their attitude or their characters’ attitude through their

O
choice of words and point of view. In the picture story, Butch uses strong negative words to
show how badly he feels about the human’s actions.

T
Body text
(may feature captions, E.g. WRONG!   No!   STOP   should not

S
narration and/or dialogues)
Meanwhile, Butch’s human is clearly feeling quite the opposite; he looks very excited, happy

I
We can use ‘have and eager. Together, they make the story fun to read.
to’ to talk about
facts, rules and

R
order in a story.

A
Exercise 1 Answer the questions below using the information in Text 1.
Picture
1 Where are Sandy and Butch meeting and at what time?

2 What is the tone of the story?

A dark C serious A B C D
B joyful D humorous

Thought bubble 3 How are Butch and Butch’s human related?

A They are cousins. C They share the same workplace. A B C D
B They are neighbours. D They share the same living space.
About this text type
4 What is the ‘human trouble’ that Butch tells Sandy about?
A picture story is a story told A Butch and Sandy’s dislike of humans
with the help of graphics that
may feature body text (with B Butch being bothered by his human
captions, dialogues, thoughts A B C D
in special bubbles, etc.) and
C Butch having trouble with humans
other special visual effects to D Butch’s human being in trouble
make the story interesting to
read. 29 29
 Note
Te
xt
Edi 2
tor
ial

Time to bring Hong Kong’s

ancient animal laws up to date
In a recent report, the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty regards animals as ‘beings’ that have feelings, not as ‘things’.
to Animals (SPCA) expressed the idea that Hong Kong’s Dog owners in Italy are required by law to walk their dogs.
animal protection laws are outdated and ineffective. In 10 Compare these places to Hong Kong, where neglecting an
fact, the laws have hardly changed in 80 years. animal is not technically abuse until it suffers bodily harm.
5 Laws are stricter in other developed places. Animal abuse Furthermore, existing laws are rarely enforced in Hong
can equal five years in prison in Canada. In Germany, Kong. According to law enforcement officials, it is difficult
you must put a fish to sleep before you kill it. Switzerland to gather evidence of abuse. Besides, they usually have

O
15 ‘more serious’ crimes to investigate where humans are the
victims. Perhaps as a result of this casual attitude, there

T
Justice have been few cases successfully brought to court over the

S
years.

for us
I
It is time for a change. Our laws should actively stop
Animals 20 animal cruelty and not just react to it. Current laws should

R
Stop be modernized and a special team of animal police
animal have rights
should be set up. Only

A
abuse! when we treat both human
Integrated Humanities
and nonhuman beings Explore a range of interesting
25 respectfully can we call topics related to this subject
ourselves a modern society. by referring to the resources
on our website.

3
xt
Te
Poe
m
A day in the life of my bunny
Josh Cheung

Snuffling ‘round the apartment, 10 Pixie’s at school and Mummy R’s at work.
Home alone my nose wrinkled, They have giant hearts and are kind
Smelling breakfast food left on the table. But where is the carrot for me?
I can see leftover eggs and spilt porridge, It’s a beautiful day outside,
5 Bowls stacked high next to the fridge The sun is smiling down,
But where is the carrot for me? 15 I’m taking it easy till Mummy R returns.
Pixie and Mummy Rosamund are weird, I rub my eyes, yawn and sigh
They don’t like eating veggies. Then Mummy R starts singing music to my ears,
30
I could eat a whole market stall - easy! ‘Your carrot’s here, Miffy dear.’
 Note
Reading Comprehension
4
xt
Te s
file
Pro

Rise of an underdog and an ‘undercat’

Living well, as the saying goes, is the best revenge. Think life is beating you down?
Learn from this issue’s stars, Jimmy and Brother Cream. Do you agree that
dogs are ‘man’s
best friend’?
Jimmy the bull terrier

O
Jimmy is a bull terrier named after a famous shoe designer. He had a good
5 life with a married couple. Then the wife left, leaving Jimmy the dog and

T
the husband alone and heartbroken in an empty flat with a white floor and

S
blank white walls. From this low point came a burst of creativity. The man

I
drew cartoon sketches on the walls with the dog posing in front of them
for the camera.

R
10 In those cheeky photos that were posted online, Jimmy is flying, singing
or taking a shower. A book was published and it was a success. The man

A
paid off his debts with the profits made, and Jimmy gained an even bigger
following.

Brother Cream the British shorthair cat

15 Brother Cream is Hong Kong’s favourite feline, but he started life as a
reject. His fur colour was unpopular and he was sold cheaply to his first
owner. Bullied by other cats in his first home, he was sent to a Sham Shui
Po shop as a mouse catcher. The shop shut down and Brother Cream
became homeless. Eventually, he joined a roadside convenience store in
20 Tsim Sha Tsui. This fluffy fur ball soon became a darling of passers-by.
After he went missing in 2012, and was found 26 days later, his popularity
shot to even greater heights. He now has his own line of products
including purses, postcards and books. The furry fella even has a charity
that makes donations to animals in need.
31
 Exercise 2 Answer the questions below using the information in Texts 2-4.
Text 2

1 What is the difference between animal protection laws in Hong Kong and those in some other
places?

2 Write the names of the places mentioned in the text next to the descriptions related to their animal
protection laws. One description does NOT apply. Write NA for that description.
a. ‘You may be punished if you don’t exercise your pet enough.’

O
b. ‘You will be imprisoned if you hurt your pet.’

T
c. ‘You must feed your pet with expensive food.’

S
d. ‘You should treat your pet as if it has emotions.’

I
e. ‘You must make sure the animal does not die in pain.’

R
3 What excuse for the ‘casual attitude’ of Hong Kong law enforcers towards animal abuse is given in
the text?

5
A
Who does ‘ourselves’ (line 26) refer to?

What is the writer’s opinion of the current animal laws in Hong Kong?

6 What is the tone of the text?

A serious
B playful
C informal A B C D
D uncertain

32
 Reading Comprehension

Text 3

7 Quote ONE phrase/line from the text that is related to each of the following.
a. smelling things:
b. being greedy for food:
c. being sleepy:

8 Which picture correctly shows the table described in the text?

A B C D

TO A B C D

I
Text 4

9 According to the text, why did Jimmy’s owner have a ‘low point’ (line 7)?

Brother Cream’s (1)

line of (2) A R
10 Using information from the text, complete the short description below about Brother Cream.
Use ONE word to fill in each blank.

and an (3)
has had its ups and downs, though he is now the face of a
charity. It is hard to imagine he was once
so (4) that he was (5) sold to his first (6) . Other
cats were so mean to him that he had to be (7) away to (8) mice
at a shop. It was a different story when he found a new home in a Tsim Sha Tsui store.
When he went (9) for 26 days, the city was in shock, showing how
(10)
he has become since his days as a reject.

11 What can we learn from the animal celebrities featured in the text? Explain your answer.

33
Vocabulary

Animal welfare You are working on an animal welfare guide for animal lovers and pet
owners. Complete the picture captions to be included in the guide by filling in the blanks with words
from the Help! box.

Help!
abandoned Animal welfare is the well-being of animals. It is about the way people relate to
adoption animals and the duty they have to make sure the animals in their care are
feeding treated humanely and responsibly.
grooming
life partner
sanctuaries
vaccinations

A pet that is properly cared

TO Protect your animal against diseases

S
for is well-nourished, with a by taking it to the vet for

I
regular (1) (4)
and other veterinary
schedule. treatments.

R
Regular (3) is
a sign of responsible care. Consider adopting a pet.

A
But we need to do more to
provide for the animal’s Check out the animals awaiting
physical and mental needs.
(5)
at reputable
Treat your pet as
animal shelters or (6)
.
a (2) .
Be a c aregiver to the 
Spend time with it.
abused, lost and
(7)
.

Are you a cat person or a dog person? Would you choose a cat or a dog as a pet? Share your
Help! ideas with a classmate and explain your choice. You may begin like this:
clean up
have enough space at
home I would like a dog as a pet because
play with it would keep me company/I could I prefer cats to dogs. Cats
take … out for a walk play with it/dogs are loyal. How are much easier to care for
take … to a vet about you? in comparison. Also …
train

34
 Note
Vocabulary

Phrasal verbs Read the information below.

Developing Skills: Vocabulary  Using phrasal verbs

A phrasal verb is a verb combined with an adverb particle and/or a preposition to create a
new or extended meaning, which may appear to have little to do with that of the base
verb. Take the example of the verb ‘get’ (meaning ‘to obtain’) that can be used to form
these phrasal verbs:
E.g. get up (meaning ‘to stand up after sitting or lying down’)

O
get on with (meaning ‘to start or continue doing something’)
Use a good dictionary to check the meanings of phrasal verbs because they can have very

T
different meanings from the base verb.

S
Study the list of animal-themed phrasal verbs (1-6) in the left-hand column below. Match each one to its

I
meaning (A-F) by writing the letter in the correct box.
Phrasal
verb

R
1 chicken out Meaning
 my agreed to perform a song on stage, but she
A
D A to try to get something

A
chickened out at the last minute. Now I have to find
another performer.

2 fish for
Be mindful of scam callers trying to fish for your B to play energetically
personal data. Don’t fall for their tricks. Keep your
information safe.

3 fish out C to hide something for later use

The clown fished out the only red ball from the bag.

4 horse around
D to become nervous and back out
The children are horsing around in the playground
of doing something
and having a good time.

5 pig out
My brother loves buffets and he pigs out every time E to pull something out
we go to one.

6 squirrel away
Sam doesn’t like sharing his toys, so he always F to eat a lot of food
squirrels them away whenever other children
are around.
35
Grammar

‘Must’ and ‘have to’

When we want to say that it is necessary or very important for someone to do something,
In Text 1 (p.28), ‘have
to’ is used to talk we can use ‘must’ or ‘have to’. We use the base form of the verb after them.
about an order.
Do we have to do There is a slight difference in meaning between ‘must’ and ‘have to’:
this? (lines 9-10)
• W
 e usually use ‘have to’ when we talk about Your dog is over five months old. You have to
facts, rules and orders from other people (i.e. register it with the government.
an ‘outside’ need/obligation). (= It is a rule.)

• W
 e usually use ‘must’ when we think it is Pet owners must be kind to their animals.

O
important to do something (i.e. an ‘inside’ (= The speaker thinks it is necessary for pet owners to be
need/obligation of the speaker). kind to their animals.)

S T
‘Must’ is a modal verb. It can be used for all persons and has no past or future form.

I
We use ‘have to’ when we talk about the past or future.

I had to walk the dog while my parents were away.

R
We use ‘don’t/doesn’t have to’ when it is not necessary to do something. The past form

A
is ‘didn’t have to’.

You don’t have to feed the cat. She had her meal a while ago.
My brother walked the dog earlier today, so I didn’t have to do it.

Note
‘Must not’ is different. We use ‘must not’ for strong advice,
e.g. when we need to order people not to do something.
You must not feed/mustn’t feed the animals
in the park.

DO NOT FEED
THE ANIMALS

36
 Grammar

Grammar exercise 1 Read the list of dos and don’ts on responsible pet keeping below and complete
the handout using ‘must’/‘have to’ and information from the list.

DO don’t

✓ Check the rules of your building ✗ Buy a pet as a gift.

before getting a pet.
✗ Choose to take on a pet just because
✓ Make sure there is someone to look it looks adorable.
after your pet when you are away.

O
✗ Leave your pet alone at home when
✓ Give your pet proper care.
you are away for a long time.

T
✓ Feed your pet the right kind of food.
✗ Let your pet get into any situation

S
where it may get hurt.

R I
Responsible pet keeping

A
This handout explains what you (1) must/have to consider before you take an
animal home.

You (2) a pet just because it looks cute. Remember that you will
(3)
care for your pet all its life. Also, you (4)
as a present for someone – it may be unwanted.

In addition, you (5) whether your building allows pets, and what
types. Also, you (6) there is a family member or a friend who can
take care of your pet when you are overseas or busy. You (7) it home
alone and unattended for too long.

If you have checked everything and decide you still want a pet, it is better to adopt than
buy. In either case, go to a certified organization. When you take your pet home, you
(8)
it proper care. You (9) it the right food,
and you (10) let the animal get hurt.
37
Grammar

‘To-’infinitives and gerunds

‘To-’infinitives
A ‘to-’infinitive is a verb form. It is formed by ‘to’ + base form of a verb.
In Text 2 (p.30), you
can find examples of She tries to take her dog for a walk.
‘to-’infinitives and
gerunds. There are a lot of open spaces nearby to walk your dog.
Dog owners in
Italy are required We use the ‘to-’infinitive after certain verbs or phrases, such as:
by law to walk
their dogs. (line 9) agree forget need promise wish

O
Compare these decide hope plan want would like
places to Hong
Kong, where

T
neglecting an He promised to feed the cat.
animal is not

S
technically abuse
I would like to visit the zoo next week.

I
until it suffers
bodily harm. The negative form is ‘not’ + ‘to-’infinitive.
(lines 10-11)

R
We have agreed not to adopt a pet until we move to a bigger flat.
I was scared so I decided not to ride the horse.

A
Refer to Grammar
Reference 3 for more
Gerunds
information on
‘to-’infinitives and We can use the ‘-ing’ form of a verb as a noun. This form is usually called a gerund. We can use it:
gerunds.
• as the subject of a sentence
Baking biscuits for his dog is his favourite pastime.
Keeping pets is not allowed in this building.

Note Buying pet animals from unlicensed shops is not recommended.

We also use a gerund

after phrases such as • after certain verbs, such as:
‘look forward to’ and
‘object to’. avoid consider enjoy go keep like practise
Shirley looks
forward to visiting The dog keeps barking. Rabbits like burrowing.
Ocean Park.
The guinea pig enjoyed eating seeds.
Danny’s mother
objects to keeping
pets. We can also use a gerund after most prepositions (‘at’, ‘for’, ‘in’, ‘on’, ‘of’, ‘from’, ‘about’, etc.).
The lead is for controlling his dog.
38 You should think about calling the vet.
 Grammar

Grammar exercise 2 Your sister is preparing two news updates to post online. Help her complete the
information using the ‘to-’infinitive or gerund form of the given verbs.

www.socialserviceclub.com.hk

Party at Kowloon
Volunteer Day Dog Park

Tai Po Animal Shelter is holding a Volunteer Day with the Social Service Club on 21 April for (1) recruiting

O
(recruit) new volunteers. Come to the Volunteer Day if you would like (2) (play) with
abandoned animals and find out more about the work of Tai Po Animal Shelter.

S T
(3)
(do) social service projects is a win-win for all. There’s a lot of fun to be had meeting

I
people who share your interest in animal well-being. We hope (4) (see) you on the
Volunteer Day. It’s never too late to consider (5) (volunteer), which is a great way of

R
(6)
(give) back to society.

Volunteer Day

A
Party at Kowloon
Dog Park

Hong Kong Dog Welfare Society (HKDWS) would like (7) (invite) all dog owners and dog
lovers to a party at Kowloon Dog Park on 8 April. HKDWS is a caring, friendly group of dog owners who are
committed to (8) (keep) their pets and other four-legged friends happy and healthy. You
don’t need (9) (be) a member of HKDWS to join the event.

(10)
(meet) other dogs, (11) (socialize) and (12) (play)
with humans other than their owners is important for canines. Lacking exercise and play time, dogs become
depressed. If you want (13) (learn) more about pet care, come to the party to listen to
informative talks and get advice.

The party starts at 2 pm. Don’t want (14) (miss out) on all the fun? Join us and party!

39
Grammar Note

Adverbs of manner
We often describe how something happens by using adverbs of manner. These adverbs generally
In Text 4 (p.31), adverbs
of manner are used to give us more information about the verb in a sentence.
describe actions.
The dog is panting heavily.
Living well, as the
saying goes, is the (verb) (adverb)
best revenge. (line 1)
The cat hissed angrily when I tried to pick it up.
(verb) (adverb)

The table below shows how we form adverbs of manner:

O
Refer to Grammar
Reference 4 for more • m
 ost adjectives add ‘-ly’ soft → softly
slow → slowly

T
information on
adverbs of manner. • adjectives ending in ‘-le’ change ‘-le’ to ‘-ly’ possible → possibly

S
reasonable → reasonably

I
• adjectives ending in a consonant + ‘-y’ change ‘-y’ to ‘-ily’ crazy → crazily
scary → scarily

R
Some adverbs, such as ‘fast’, ‘last’, ‘late’ and ‘hard’, have the same spelling as their adjective forms.

A
The sailfish is a fast swimmer.
Sheepdogs are hard workers.
(adjective) (noun) (adjective) (noun)

The sailfish swims fast.

Sheepdogs work hard.
(verb) (adverb) (verb) (adverb)

Note
The adverb ‘hardly’ exists; it means ‘almost not/none’.
The dog was barking so late that I could hardly sleep.
(= I almost couldn’t sleep.)

Some adverbs look completely different from their adjectives.

He is good with animals.

(adjective)
He respects life and treats animals well.

(adverb)

40
 Grammar

Grammar exercise 3 You are watching an online video about an amazing dog. Complete what the
presenter says with adjectives or adverbs formed from the words given in brackets. Elements of this
exercise may help
you with this unit’s
writing task.

Aco was an (1) adorable (adorable) dog. She was a Shiba Inu and she lived in
a village in the central part of Japan.

A long time ago, the area was hit by an earthquake that struck so (2) violently

(violent) that most of the buildings were reduced to rubble. The house where Aco lived

O
with her master was (3) (grave) damaged. Aco was tied up when the
(4)
(powerful) quake hit, but she reacted (5) (fast).

T
She wriggled (6) (clever) out of her harness and broke free. Wasting

S
no time, she ran up the stairs as (7) (quick) as she could to check on

I
her puppies and owner upstairs.

R
Aco’s owner was buried under some fallen furniture. The old man had been hit

A
(8)
(hard) and was bleeding when Aco got to him. The dog
(9)
(gentle) licked her owner’s face to wake him up. Her paws were
(10)
(bad) cut by broken glass, but still she tried to get her owner
(11)
and her puppies out of the (bad) damaged building.

Forced to leave Aco and her puppies behind after being rescued, the owner
(12)
(thoughtful) left a little food for her and her puppies.
Days later, when people returned to check on the ruins, they found Aco and
her babies. She was (13) (thin), but in (14) (good)
health. Aco died two years after the earthquake.

To this day, everyone in the village still remembers how Aco

(15)
(loyal) and (16) (brave)
protected her puppies and her owner.

41
TASK

situation
You have entered a picture story writing competition organized by an
animal training school called Pet Expert. You are required to write a
picture story about the importance of pet training.

You need to:

• listen to a pet training school workshop
• discuss how a picture story should end
• write a picture story about the importance of pet training

O
You are going to listen to a workshop held by Pet Expert. Read the following information before you listen.

S T
Developing Skills: Listening 

I
Understanding common types
of spoken information
When certain information is spoken instead of written, it can be hard to follow. We can

R
better understand what people are saying when we know how each of these types of
information is expressed:

A
• people’s names (e.g. first names/given names and last names/surnames)
Note E.g. My name is Josephine Spencer.
In everyday • names of places (e.g. cities and countries)
conversation, E.g. Kumamoto in Japan is famous for its mascot, Kumamon.
• a speaker’s last
name/surname will • times and dates
follow their first E.g. The talk will start at 5 pm on the 12th of March.
name/given name
• the name of a town • addresses
or city comes E.g. The talk will be held in Room A on the second floor of the Star Building,
before the country Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon.
it is in
Note the specific • numbers (e.g. phone numbers and large numbers)
preposition(s) used in E.g. Mr Wong earned one and a half million dollars two years ago.
each case. ($1 500 000)
I can be reached at triple two, three, double zero, nine six.
(phone number: 2223 0096)
• e-information (e.g. email addresses and web addresses)
E.g. For more information, you can email us at info at A-B-C, dot com, dot H-K or
(email address: [email protected])
visit our website at a-b-c, dot com, dot h-k.
(web address: abc.com.hk)
42
 TASK

You are at the Pet Expert workshop which will give you a brief introduction to pets in Hong Kong
and the school’s training courses. Listen to the workshop and complete the form below by filling
in the missing information.

Pet Expert Workshop

Did you know?
1. One in households in Hong Kong keep pets.

O
2. There are more than licensed dogs in Hong Kong.

T
Course schedule

IS
Level Course period Lesson

R
Beginners once every weeks

(Tuesdays or Sundays)

A
once every week (Wednesdays or
Advanced 19 June –
)

Contact us!
Email:
Tel:
Address: 

43
TASK

You need to choose whether to write in the first or third person for the picture story. To get prepared,
read the following information.

Developing Skills: Writing  Writing in the first or third person

When we tell a story, we usually do it in the first or third person. The first person point of view
is when the writer is a character in the story, experiencing the action.

The third person point of view is used to create a more neutral effect. In this case, the
writer is not one of the characters in the story. The writer tells the story as a narrator.

O
Compare: (first person)
I had never seen such a cute bunny in my life. I fell in love with it!

T
I asked Mum whether I could take it home.

S
(third person)

I
Emily had never seen such a cute bunny in her life. She fell in love with it!
She asked her mother whether she could take it home. 

A R
Pet Expert has provided pictures for the picture story, but the ending is for you to decide. You ask your
teacher for help. Read the guidelines your teacher gives you. Then plan your picture story by making
notes next to each picture with reference to the given headings.

There are three main things in your picture story that

you need to think about:

Setting: where and when the story takes place

Characters: the people who appear in the story

Plot: the action, things that happen in the story

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 TASK

Here are some useful steps for you to follow when planning your story:

Step 1 Study the pictures and decide what is happening in each picture.
Come up with related vocabulary.

Step 2 Think about characters.

(How many are there? Who are they? What are their personalities?
Why are they doing the things that are shown in the pictures?)

Step 3 Think about the plot.

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(What is happening in the story? What is/are the most important event(s)
in the story? Does the plot have a natural beginning, middle and ending?)

IS TWhen:

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Where:

A
Who:
What:
Other details:

When:
Where:
Who:
What:
Other details:

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TASK

When:
Where:
Who:
What:
Other details:

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When:
Where:

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Who:

S
What:

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Other details:

A R When:
Where:
Who:
What:
Other details:

When:

?
Where:
Who:
What:
Other details:

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 TASK

Discuss the ending of the picture story with a classmate. Give each other suggestions about Help!
how your picture stories could end. You may begin your discussion like this: Here are a few ways
to give suggestions:

The ending of your story is I (don’t) feel/think

very funny but I feel that (that) you should …
you could add something That’s a good idea, but I’m not It may (not) be a
surprising, if possible. sure how I can do that. Can you good idea to …
give me some suggestions? I (don’t) suggest
you …
Why don’t you …?

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Maybe you could …
Suggestions from your classmate:

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A R
It is time to write your picture story. Refer to all the useful information in this unit and the notes you have
made to help you. You may also go back to pages 28 and 29 to revisit the features of a picture story.

When you have finished writing, exchange your work with a classmate. Give each other feedback with
the help of the checklist below. Make improvements to your picture story if necessary.

Checklist
Put a tick (✓) against each correct statement.
The writer has …
created an interesting opening for the picture story.
developed the setting, characters and plot of the picture story using the pictures given.
used thought bubbles and/or speech bubbles correctly in the picture story.
used the first or third person point of view appropriately to tell the story.
created an interesting ending for the story.
used the grammar introduced in this unit correctly.
used the vocabulary introduced in this unit correctly.

Suggestions for improvement:

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Progress Check•Consolidation
HOW DID YOU DO?
You have completed the unit. Rate how much you agree with the following statements
by circling an appropriate number (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree).*
I am familiar with the typical features of a picture story and can write my own. 1 2 3 4 5
I understand how setting and tone are used in reading texts. 1 2 3 4 5
I can recognize and use words related to animal care and welfare. 1 2 3 4 5
I can form and use phrasal verbs. 1 2 3 4 5
I know how and when to use ‘must’ and ‘have to’. 1 2 3 4 5
I know how and when to use ‘to-’infinitives and gerunds. 1 2 3 4 5
I know how and when to use adverbs of manner. 1 2 3 4 5
I can listen for and identify common types of spoken information. 1 2 3 4 5
I can use the first or third person in my writing. 1 2 3 4 5
* If you have rated yourself 3 or lower on any of the above statements, you may review the relevant section(s) of the unit.

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Vocabulary

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Y ou have a social media account for your cat, Lenny, who is from a pet adoption centre. Below are some
status updates about what you are doing with Lenny. Complete the updates using the vocabulary you

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learnt in this unit.

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Help!
24 June 18:33
adoption (1)
Lenny fresh salmon – he loves fish!

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feeding
26 June 14:26
grooming

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taking … out for a walk
(2)
Lenny with a new brush I’ve bought for him. He has such a thick coat of fur.
taking … to a vet 27 June 10:41
vaccinations Lenny is sick – I’m (3) him (4) .
30 June 18:33
(5)
Lenny (6) – on a lead! He needs the exercise.
1 July 12:02
The vet is giving Lenny (7) to prevent cat diseases – poor Lenny!
3 July 16:21
Today is the one-year anniversary of Lenny’s (8) ! I’m so glad you chose me, Lenny.

Help! Below is a passage from a novel. Fill the blanks with animal-related phrasal verbs you learnt in this unit.
Make sure your answers are grammatically correct.
fish out
horse around
Mum said, ‘Don’t bring gadgets. This is family time.’ But I secretly (1) my
pig out
phone in my bag. Dad followed the rules though, and without his phone he got lost. I had to
squirrel away (2)
a map (an actual paper map!) from his backpack to help him find the way
while he drove.

Sitting in the car for hours, my brother and I got bored. We got rowdy and (3)
on the back seat until Mum made us stop. When we finally stopped for food, I was starving, so I
48 (4)
and ate two whole burgers …
 Progress Check•Consolidation

Grammar
Your friend has written a short story about Tama, a cat that became a popular stationmaster in Japan.
Help him complete the text by underlining the best options.

Tama – the cat that became a stationmaster

In Japan, (1) ( travel / travelling / travelled ) by train is popular. When railways first

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spread, many railway stations were managed by stationmasters. These stationmasters

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needed (2) ( ensuring / ensure / to ensure ) that everything ran (3) ( smooth / smoothen /

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smoothly ) at their own station. Many stations stopped employing stationmasters a

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long time ago. However, in recent years, a new type of stationmaster has (4) ( sudden /
gradual / gradually ) appeared in Japan: the animal stationmaster.

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This all started when a station in Japan decided (5) ( employing / employed / to employ ) a cat named

A
Tama as its stationmaster in order to improve business. Before that, Tama was already a popular cat
amongst local people. Later, the railway company could not afford (6) ( employing / employ / to employ )
Self-check
a full-time stationmaster and planned (7) ( closing down / to close down / closed down ) the station. The
Check your answers for
station survived, but it became unmanned. In 2007, noticing her popularity, the management of the exercises to , and
write your scores here.
railway line offered (8) ( making / made / to make ) Tama the stationmaster. Her bosses (9) ( must not /
had not / did not have to ) give her money as wages. Instead, they gave her free food. She (10) ( must / Vocabulary

had to / need ) greet customers, and wear a stationmaster’s hat and a uniform. After all, a / 12

stationmaster (11) ( must / had to / need not to ) look smart for the customers at all times.
Grammar
/ 14
Many visitors would go all the way to the station to pose (12) ( happy / joyful / happily ) with Tama
If you got more than
and take pictures with her. Business improved on the railway as a result. Tama seemed to enjoy half the questions
wrong, you should
(13)
( being / be / to be ) the centre of attention, and continued to work at the station until she died revisit the relevant
section(s) of the unit.
in 2015 at the age of 16 (about 80 in human years). Her funeral was attended by many of her fans
who (14) ( sadly / sadness / sad ) said goodbye to the late stationmaster for one last time.
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