A crisis is an event which causes serious detrimental effects for an organisation.
it can be defined as an
event which causes the company to become a subject of unfavourable attention from international and
national media and other groups such as shareholders, employees customers, politicians, trade unions
and can even be about environmental organisations or groups.
crisis management, on the other hand, is defined as planning, application and communication of
strategies and tactics that can prevent or lessen the impact of the crisis on the company but also
securing to maintain its reputation. it is a way of designing and acting when a crisis hits the organisation.
Crisis Public Relations communication plays a very important role in the crisis management a crisis
communication is a strategy of collecting and disseminating information when a corporation is involved
in a crisis situation which not only affects internal public but also the external public.
According to coombs crisis communication has two roles to play
crisis communication as information: it refers to the requirement of collecting and spreading
information during a crisis. this informatiowhich is collected and disseminated, fills the information gap
in the crisis. It allows people to understand what is happening and what actions and decisions are being
taken to resolve this crisis.
crisis communication as a strategy: It refers to the use of communication messages as a strategy to
repair the relationships with stakeholders, employees customers and other national and international
groups who had vested interest in the activities of the organisation. The public relations team has to
strategically plan the communication process as it will affect the organisation's future relations.
Crisis communication is the life blood of the entire crisis management effort and thus it plays a vital role
in all the three stages of the crisis:
Before the crisis:
During this stage the organization prepares an emergency plan which can be implemented when a crisis
occurs The crisis communication management welcomes inquiries and pays attention to what people
are talking. They constantly communicate with the stakehoders to make sure that there is a reservoir of
goodwill which can be tapped when a tough crisis occurs.
During the crisis:
In this stage, crisis communication team takes the lead. The crisis communication management
strategizes a plan by telling people about what happened how it happened and what is the damage it
also talks about the relief and rehabilitation measures The crisis manager at this stage makes sure to
shape the stakeholders receptions of the crisis by using the right words and actions.
After the prices the public relations team collects information to complete a thorough postmortem of
the crisis management effort.