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             ADVANCE PRAISE FOR Mistakes We Have Made
“A fantastic resource that reveals how research informs better teaching practice,
presented in the poignant—sometimes mortified—words of real teachers.”
“What does it look like to provide a just and equitable educational experience
for all of our students? Through bracing honesty, the authors of this book inter-
rogate their own past practices and share some hard-learned lessons about how
to enact justice in the day-to-day work of teaching and learning. This engaging
and thought-provoking resource provides real-world strategies for educators and
those who train and support educators.”
                                                               Sola Takahashi
                                                     Senior Research Associate
                                                                      WestEd
All  rights
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  peer review process and produced in compliance with the standards of the Council on
copying,      recording, and information storage and retrieval, without permission in writing
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from the publisher.
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  Myers Education Press is an academic publisher specializing in books, e-books, and digital
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BY BRE EVANS-SANTIAGO
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced in any form or by
any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying, recording, and information storage and retrieval, without permission in
writing from the publisher.
Chapter One:
Learning to See and Unlearn: Building Authentic Relationships
with Latinx Immigrant Families in School and Research Settings     3
Adam Sawyer and Mirna Troncoso Sawyer
Chapter Two:
Engaging Students Through Universal Design for Learning           21
Jay Percell
Chapter Three:
Understanding and Addressing Behavior: From Screaming
to Crying to Tantrums to Violence                                 31
Anni K. Reinking
Chapter Four:
Reaching All Learners With Multicultural Connections              47
Sara Schwerdtfeger
Chapter Five:
Understanding and Embracing African American Vernacular English   63
David Sandles
Chapter Six:
Are You a Boy or a Girl? Student Identity                         79
Anni K. Reinking and Bre Evans-Santiago
Chapter Seven:
Christmas for Everyone?                                           97
Bre Evans-Santiago
viii                                               Mistakes We Have Made
Chapter Eight:
Nurturing the Revolution: Anarchy and Democracy in the
Elementary Classroom                                                113
Brittney Beck
Chapter Nine:
Cultivating Diversity Through Multicutural Literature               129
Mahmoud Suleiman
Chapter Ten:
Revamping Curriculum Through a “Social Justice” Lens                 151
Anni K. Reinking
Chapter Eleven:
Unpacking the Messiness in Critical Elementary Education            165
Laura Shelton and Jeannette Alacrón
Chapter Twelve:
Establishing Professional Communication Through
Culturally Responsive Rapport                                       179
Mahmoud Suleiman
Chapter Thirteen:
Dressing for Success: Visual Appearance Makes a Difference          201
Bre Evans-Santiago
Chapter Fourteen:
Co-Teaching in Your First Year: Professional Marriages
Resulting in Success or Divorce?                                    213
Kira A. Hamann
Index                                                               239
Foreword
Lynnette Mawhinney,
University of Illinois at Chicago
Media is often saturated with teacher success stories. Films like Dangerous
Minds or Freedom Writers show the wonders of classroom success through true
stories of white women situated to be heroes. Teacher films highlight this idea
that what works in these particular classrooms will work for all children and
classrooms, negating the nuances and complexities of teaching human beings.
Even the films featuring teachers of color are over the top. There is Jaime Es-
calante outfitted in his chef ’s outfit and using a butcher’s knife chopping apples
to teach fractions in Stand and Deliver or Joe Clark wielding a bat around school
in Lean on Me. Media depicts teaching as an over the top, almost flawless prac-
tice. Yet, teacher education is not far off from these media depictions. Often,
teacher educators will discuss their own success stories championing the idea
of “if you do this, you too will be successful.” It is an easy trap to fall into, as the
“warts and all” perspective is harder to reveal.
     As a teacher educator, I have also fallen into this trap at times. It is easy
for me to share with preservice teachers how I creatively got Tyrone, my 9th
grade class clown, to limit class disruptions by giving him time on Fridays to
do a 5-minute stand-up routine in class. On the other hand, I do not easily share
how I shudder thinking about a conversation I had with Terrell that did not
x                                                       Mistakes We Have Made
       Not everything that is faced can be changed. But nothing can be changed
       until it is faced.
                                                           —James Baldwin
I began this project with the intent to “do something cool for new teachers.”
The more I taught in higher education, the more I wanted to write a book that
would impact the future: future educators, future students, future educational
equity around the country. The preservice teachers and master’s-level teachers
will be responsible for so many lives as they take on and continue their teach-
ing careers. As I reflected on my current students, I also thought about all the
children who have come into my life throughout the years in PreK–8 settings.
Many times, I did a disservice to them in some way from my lack of knowledge
about several things: family dynamics, professionalism, biases, and so much
more. But hindsight is 20/20.
     Some of the experiences I thought about from my past included situations
in which students were left out or embarrassed because of my inability to in-
clude all of them in my classroom. In the past 19 years, I have gathered more
and more knowledge of what is needed to ensure that all students, our students,
are receiving an equitable education. My knowledge and skills were obtained
through teaching and administrative experiences as well as research. I made
mistakes, and I learned from them. I made great choices, and I learned from
them. I also learned more about my own identity and how my intersectionality
and positionality influence this work. I identify as a cisgender, Black, pansexual
female, which heightens my awareness of injustices for marginalized popula-
tions. I personally understand how it feels to be judged or mistreated because
of my identities, both visible and invisible. I am empathetic for children who re-
ceive injustices daily, and I cannot go on knowing I did not try to do something.
     As I continuously increase my knowledge of culturally sustaining pedago-
gies while also gaining a deeper understanding of the injustices our minority
xii                                                     Mistakes We Have Made
children face, I appreciate greats such as Dr. James Banks, Dr. Geneva Gay, Dr.
Linda Darling-Hammond, Dr. Gloria Ladson-Billings, Dr. Django Paris, Dr. Nel
Noddings, Dr. Cris Mayo, and so many more.
     Now, in this edited book, I am responding to my responsibility as a profes-
sor. I am not a hero or known researcher. I am not a guru or a know-it-all. I just
have what other professors have, and that is experience. But, instead of me just
telling my story, I created this space to allow other teacher educators to con-
tribute their stories as well. This book provides a platform for teacher educators
to be vulnerable and share their narratives. We want social justice educators to
know that, first, it is okay to make mistakes, and, second, do not make the same
mistakes we have made. While reading this book, readers should be positioned
to reflect on themselves, as if looking into a mirror. Becoming self-aware will
provide the platform to reexamine and revise one’s own thinking to maintain
a better balance of social justice instruction. Thereafter, the chapters are set up
to have the opportunity to move forward with social justice influenced actions
within the classroom. The experiences and implications are given to help each
reader look hypothetically through a window. Readers should begin to see what
changes need to be made and feel encouraged to do so by the great contributors
within this book.
     The book is situated into three themes: inclusive classrooms, curriculum
implementation, and professionalism. These themes were created with inspi-
ration from my classroom management course that I teach at California State
University, Bakersfield. I believe these components are the most important
topics to consider in order to make the biggest impact in the lives of students.
Lesson plans and management cannot work successfully without understand-
ing the injustices students may face. I believe the themes provide a foundation
that allows the space to expand on specific skills, tools, and knowledge needed
to teach successfully anywhere.
     Within each theme, there are individual chapters written by various authors
that reside throughout the country. The various perspectives and experiences
come from teacher educators in California, Kansas, Illinois, North Carolina,
and Texas. Each chapter is meant to stand on its own but should definitely
not go unread. The vulnerability and meticulous research, coupled with strat-
egies and ideas for success in a social justice classroom, is worth the read. Each
Preface                                                                       xiii
chapter concludes with action steps and/or reflection questions to ensure that
after reading, the book does not “sit on the shelf.”
     The journey to create this book involved so many people that helped make
it happen. A special thanks to each and every author that made this book possi-
ble; your professionalism and knowledge of material are greatly appreciated. A
special thanks to Dr. Anni Reinking, who has been a part of my writing process
for many years. Not only have we personally grown together, but we also have
been reliable partners for our scholarship. I am forever appreciative of your in-
sight and listening ear, and I look forward to many more experiences with you.
My family will always be at the top of my list for support. My spouse, Mr. Bobbi
Evans-Santiago, is my rock and my joy. His undivided attention to my adven-
tures and work endeavors cannot go unnoticed. I love you so much and thank
you for being my strength when I am tired. I appreciate you, Michelle Schwartze
for endless editing and support; I have learned so much from you. Thank you,
Cindy Cotton, for your time and energy toward indexing. My faculty peers at
California State University, Bakersfield deserve recognition for their encour-
agement, and I could not ask for a better work family! My appreciation also goes
to my bro-son, Joshua Santiago. Experiencing motherhood with such a special
young child has pushed me even further to ensure that every teacher addresses
social justice issues and that all kids receive the education they deserve.
     To those families and children I did not serve adequately, I apologize. I
have learned from my mistakes and therefore am providing this book for the
next generations of teachers in hopes that they will learn from our mistakes and
become better social justice educators from the start.
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