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Collection Highlights

Learning Swift Building Apps for OSX, iOS, and Beyond Jon
Manning

Biota Grow 2C gather 2C cook Loucas

Head First Swift 1st Edition Gray Anthony Manning Jon

Buttfield Addison Paris

Unity Game Development Cookbook Essentials for Every Game

1 / converted Edition Paris Buttfield-Addison
iOS 11 Swift Programming Cookbook Solutions and Examples
for iOS Apps 1st Edition Vandad Nahavandipoor

Swift 4 for Absolute Beginners: Develop Apps for iOS 4th

Edition Stefan Kaczmarek

Developing Inclusive Mobile Apps: Building Accessible Apps

for iOS and Android 1st Edition Rob Whitaker

Realm Building Modern Swift Apps with Realm Database 2nd

Edition Marin Todorov

iOS 10 SDK Development Creating iPhone and iPad Apps with

Swift Chris Adamson
 2 n ve r s
Co

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Ed if t
iti 3.x
on
Learning
Swift
BUILDING APPS FOR macOS, iOS, AND BEYOND

Jonathon Manning,
Paris Buttfield-Addison & Tim Nugent
 Learning Swift
Building Apps for macOS, iOS, and Beyond

Jon Manning, Paris Buttfield-Addison, and Tim Nugent

Beijing Boston Farnham Sebastopol Tokyo

Learning Swift
by Jon Manning, Paris Buttfield-Addison, and Tim Nugent
Copyright © 2017 Secret Lab. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472.
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Production Editor: Melanie Yarbrough Interior Designer: David Futato
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May 2016: First Edition

March 2017: Second Edition

Revision History for the Second Edition

2017-03-28: First Release

See http://oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=9781491967065 for release details.

The O’Reilly logo is a registered trademark of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Learning Swift, the cover image, and
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While the publisher and the authors have used good faith efforts to ensure that the information and
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thereof complies with such licenses and/or rights.

978-1-491-96706-5
[LSI]
 Table of Contents

Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Part I. Swift Basics

1. Getting Started. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
The Apple Developer Program 5
Registering for the Apple Developer Program 6
Downloading Xcode 7
Creating Your First Project with Xcode 8
The Xcode Interface 13
Developing a Simple Swift Application 21
Designing the Interface 22
Connecting the Code 23
Using the iOS Simulator 26
Conclusion 27

2. The Basics of Swift. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

The Swift Programming Language 30
Swift 2 Versus Swift 3 32
Playgrounds 32
Comments 35
Variables and Constants 35
Operators 36
Control Flow 37
Loops 37
Switches 39
Types 41

iii
 Working with Strings 42
Comparing Strings 43
Searching Strings 43
Optional Types 44
Type Casting 46
Tuples 47
Arrays 47
Dictionaries 49
Enumerations 50
Associated Values 51
Sets 52
Functions and Closures 53
Using Functions as Variables 56
Closures 58
The defer Keyword 59
The guard Keyword 60
Making Your Code Swifty 60
Conclusion 61

3. Swift for Object-Oriented App Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Classes and Objects 63
Initialization and Deinitialization 65
Properties 66
Inheritance 66
Protocols 70
Extensions 71
Access Control 72
Operator Overloading 75
Generics 76
Subscripts 77
Structures 78
Modules 78
The Swift Standard Library, Foundation, Cocoa, and Cocoa Touch 79
Swift Package Manager 80
Data 83
Loading Data from Files and URLs 83
Serialization and Deserialization 84
Error Handling 85
Memory Management 87
Design Patterns in Cocoa and Cocoa Touch 89
Model-View-Controller 89
Delegation 90

iv | Table of Contents
 Structuring an App 92
The Application Delegate 93
Window Controllers and View Controllers 93
Nibs and Storyboards 94
Conclusion 94

Part II. A macOS App

4. Setting Up the macOS Notes App. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Designing the macOS Notes App 98
Creating the macOS Project 101
Defining a Document Type 105
Adding the Icon 110
Conclusion 112

5. Working with Documents on macOS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

The NSDocument Class 113
Storing Data in the Document 114
Storing Text 115
Package File Formats 116
The guard Keyword, and Why It’s Great 120
Saving Files 121
Loading Files 124
A Basic UI 125
Conclusion 134

6. User Interfaces and iCloud. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Updating the UI 135
Document-Filetype-Extension UI 139
Getting an Icon for the Collection View Cells 143
Adding Attachments 145
Storing and Managing Attachments 153
Displaying Data in the Collection View 157
Enhancing Attachments 160
Opening Attachments 160
Adding Attachments via Drag-and-Drop 163
Adding QuickLook 166
Location 171
iCloud 177
The Basics of iCloud 178
Conclusion 181

Table of Contents | v
Part III. An iOS App
7. Setting Up the iOS Notes App. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Designing the iOS Notes App 186
Creating the iOS Project 192
Enabling the iOS App for iCloud 196
Defining a Document Type 200
Conclusion 202

8. Working with Files in iCloud. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

The App Sandbox 203
iCloud Availability 205
Creating the Document List View Controller 206
View Controllers and Storyboards 208
The Navigation Controller 208
Collection Views 212
Using Constraints to Control Size and Position 214
Creating the Document Class 218
Listing Documents 225
Creating Documents 234
Downloading from iCloud 237
Deleting Documents 241
Renaming Documents 247
Conclusion 251

9. Working with Documents on iOS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

Adding a View to Display Notes 253
Editing and Saving Documents 262
Conclusion 264

10. Working with Files and File Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Setting Up the Interface for Attachments 265
Listing Attachments 269
Determining Types of Attachments 271
Displaying Attachment Cells 274
Dealing with Conflicts 280
Creating the Quick Look Thumbnail 286
Conclusion 289

11. Images and Deletion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

Adding Attachments 291
Adding Image Attachments 293

vi | Table of Contents
 Viewing Attachments 300
Deleting Attachments 310
Conclusion 317

12. Supporting the iOS Ecosystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319

Sharing with UIActivityController 319
Handoffs 322
Searchability 327
Indexing Activities 329
Spotlight Extensions 330
Conclusion 341

13. Multimedia and Location Attachments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

Audio Attachments 343
Video Attachments 356
Location Attachment 364
Conclusion 374

14. Polishing the iOS App. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375

Opening Links in SFSafariViewController 375
3D Touch 379
Home Screen Quick Actions 380
Peek and Pop 383
Settings 387
Undo Support 388
Images with Filters 391
Worldwide Apps 395
Internationalization 396
Localization 399
Accessibility 405
Splitscreen Multitasking 410
Conclusion 411

Part IV. Extending Your Apps

15. Building a watchOS App. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
Designing for the Watch 416
Designing Our watchOS App 418
Creating the watchOS Extension 420
Communicating with the iPhone 424
User Interfaces for the Apple Watch 438

Table of Contents | vii

 Showing Note Contents 444
Creating New Notes 450
Adding Handoff Between the Watch and the iPhone 452
Glances 455
Conclusion 459

16. Code Quality and Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461

Debugging 461
Instruments 464
Testing 468
Unit Testing 469
UI Testing 470
Using Objective-C and Swift in the Same Project 472
Using Swift Objects in Objective-C 472
Using Objective-C Objects in Swift 473
The App Store 474
App Thinning 475
Testing iOS Apps with TestFlight 476
Conclusion 477

Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479

viii | Table of Contents

 Preface

Welcome to Learning Swift! This book will help you put the Swift programming lan‐
guage into practice by walking you through the development of a note-taking appli‐
cation for the Apple iOS, macOS, and watchOS platforms.
Swift is a pretty amazing modern language, taking the best from other newer lan‐
guages without reinventing the wheel. Swift is easy to write, easy to read, and really
hard to make mistakes in.
Our philosophy is that the best way to learn Swift is to build apps using it! To build
apps, though, you need a great framework, and Apple has several: Cocoa, Cocoa
Touch, and WatchKit, to name only a few. This book could quite easily be titled
Learning Cocoa and Cocoa Touch with Swift, or something similar, because the frame‐
works are just as important as the language itself. At the time of writing, Swift is cur‐
rently at version 3, and has a bright future ahead of it.

Resources Used in This Book

We recommend following the book by writing code yourself as you progress through
each chapter. If you get stuck, or just want to archive a copy of the code, you can find
what you need via our website.
As this book teaches you how to build a real-world app, we primarily focus on show‐
ing you the coding side of things. We’re not going to ask you to paint your own icons,
so we’ve provided them for you. You can also download them from our website.

Audience and Approach

This book is solely focused on Swift 3 and does not cover the use of Objective-C. We
might mention it occasionally, but we don’t expect you to know how to use it. We first
cover the basics of the Swift 3 language, and then move on to teach as much of the
language as we can, as well as the use of the Cocoa, Cocoa Touch, and watchOS

ix
frameworks, through the construction of a complete app for both macOS and iOS. As
a reminder, Swift is the programming language, Cocoa is the framework for macOS
apps, Cocoa Touch is the framework for iOS apps, and somewhat predictably,
watchOS is the framework for the Apple Watch.
This book’s approach differs from that of other programming books that you may
have encountered. As we’ve mentioned, we believe that the best way to learn Swift is
to build apps using it. We assume that you’re a reasonably capable programmer, but
we don’t assume you’ve ever developed for iOS or macOS, or used Swift or Objective-
C before. We also assume that you’re fairly comfortable navigating macOS and iOS as
a user.

Organization of This Book

In this book, we’ll be talking about Cocoa and Cocoa Touch, the frameworks used on
macOS and iOS, respectively. Along the way, we’ll also be covering Swift, including its
syntax and features.
In Part I, “Swift Basics”, we begin with a look at the tools used for programming with
Swift, as well as the Apple Developer Program. Then we move on to the basics of the
Swift programming language and structuring a program for Apple’s platforms, as well
as common design patterns.
Chapter 1 covers the basics of Apple’s developer program and guides you through a
simple Swift app.
Chapter 2 explores all the basics of Swift and prepares you for using it to build more
complex applications.
Chapter 3 discusses Swift’s object-oriented features, as well as the structure of a good
app.
In Part II, “A macOS App”, we build a simple note-taking application for Macs, tar‐
geting macOS. Along the way, we discuss the design of the app, how it’s structured,
how it uses documents, and how to build all the features.
Chapter 4 starts off our macOS notes app and sets up the document model and icon.
Chapter 5 goes into detail on working with documents in macOS apps.
Chapter 6 connects the app to iCloud and finishes up the macOS app.
In Part III, “An iOS App”, we build a fully featured iOS note-taking application as a
companion for the macOS app from Part II.
Chapter 7 starts off our iOS app and sets up the same document model for iOS.
Chapter 8 connects the iOS app to iCloud.

x | Preface
Chapter 9 creates an interface on iOS for displaying our notes.
Chapter 10 sets up the iOS app to handle attachments.
Chapter 11 adds image support to the iOS app.
Chapter 12 adds sharing and searching support to the iOS app.
Chapter 13 adds audio, video, and location attachments to the iOS app.
Chapter 14 finishes the iOS app with a whole lot of polish!
In Part IV, “Extending Your Apps”, we add a watchOS app and explore bug hunting
and performance tuning.
Chapter 15 adds a watchOS app to the iOS app, allowing for Apple Watch support.
Chapter 16 explores debugging and performance tuning.

Conventions Used in This Book

The following typographical conventions are used in this book:
Italic
Indicates new terms, URLs, email addresses, filenames, and file extensions.
Constant width
Used for program listings, as well as within paragraphs to refer to program ele‐
ments such as variable or function names, databases, data types, environment
variables, statements, and keywords.
Constant width bold
Shows commands or other text that should be typed literally by the user.
Constant width italic
Shows text that should be replaced with user-supplied values or by values deter‐
mined by context.

This element signifies a tip or suggestion.

This element signifies a general note.

Preface | xi
 This element indicates a warning or caution.

Using Code Examples

Supplemental material (code examples, exercises, errata, etc.) is available for down‐
load at our website.
This book is here to help you get your job done. In general, if example code is offered
with this book, you may use it in your programs and documentation. You do not
need to contact us for permission unless you’re reproducing a significant portion of
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require permission.
We appreciate, but do not require, attribution. An attribution usually includes the
title, author, publisher, and ISBN. For example: “Learning Swift, Second Edition by
Jonathon Manning, Paris Buttfield-Addison, and Tim Nugent (O’Reilly). Copyright
2017 Secret Lab, 978-1-491-96706-5.”
If you feel your use of code examples falls outside fair use or the permission given
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xii | Preface
How to Contact Us
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Acknowledgments
Jon thanks his mother, father, and the rest of his crazily extended family for their tre‐
mendous support.
Paris thanks his mother, without whom he wouldn’t be doing anything nearly as
interesting, let alone writing books.
Tim thanks his parents and family for putting up with his rather lackluster approach
to life.
We’d all like to thank our editors, Rachel Roumeliotis and Brian MacDonald—their
skill and advice were invaluable to completing the book. Likewise, all the O’Reilly
Media staff we’ve interacted with over the course of writing the book have been the
absolute gurus of their fields.
A huge thank you to Tony Gray and the Apple University Consortium (AUC) for the
monumental boost they gave us and others listed on this page. We wouldn’t be writ‐
ing this book if it weren’t for them. And now you’re writing books, too, Tony—sorry
about that!

Preface | xiii
Thanks also to Neal Goldstein, who deserves full credit and/or blame for getting us
into the whole book-writing racket.
We’re thankful for the support of the goons at MacLab (who know who they are and
continue to stand watch for Admiral Dolphin’s inevitable apotheosis), as well as pro‐
fessor Christopher Lueg, Dr. Leonie Ellis, and the rest of the staff at the University of
Tasmania for putting up with us. “Apologies” to Mark Pesce. He knows why.
Additional thanks to Rex S., Nic W., Andrew B., Jess L., and Ash J., for a wide variety
of reasons. And very special thanks to Steve Jobs, without whom this book (and many
others like it) would not have reason to exist.
Thanks also to our tech reviewers, with special thanks to Chris Devers and Tony Gray
for their thoroughness and professionalism.
Finally, thank you very much for buying our book—we appreciate it! And if you have
any feedback, please let us know. You can email us at [email protected] and find us
on Twitter at @thesecretlab.

xiv | Preface
 PART I
Swift Basics
 CHAPTER 1
Getting Started

This book teaches the Swift 3 programming language by exploring the development
of three applications for Apple platforms: macOS, iOS, and watchOS. This book’s
approach might differ from what you’re used to, because our philosophy is that the
best way to learn Swift is to build apps using it! The vast majority of the code in this
book will be part of the apps we’re building—a full note-taking app for macOS, iOS,
and watchOS—rather than individual pieces of sample code. You can see the final
product in Figure 1-1.

3
Figure 1-1. Our finished app, for macOS, iOS, and watchOS

Our app is fully functional, but we do make some deliberate design and feature deci‐
sions along the way to constrain the scope a little (the book is almost 500 pages!). As
we mentioned in the Preface, we assume that you’re a reasonably capable program‐
mer, but we don’t assume you’ve ever developed for iOS or macOS, or used Swift or
Objective-C before. We also assume that you’re fairly comfortable navigating macOS
and iOS as a user.

We recommend that you work through this book front to back,

building the macOS app, then the iOS app, then the watchOS app,
even if you’re only interested in one of the platforms. By approach‐
ing the book this way, you’ll get the best understanding of what
building a real app with Swift requires.

Programming with Swift, and using the Cocoa and Cocoa Touch frameworks to
develop macOS and iOS apps, respectively, involves using a set of tools developed by
Apple. In this chapter, you’ll learn about these tools, where to get them, how to use
them, how they work together, and what they can do. At the end of this chapter, you’ll
make a very simple Swift application for iOS. Then we dive into the details of the
Swift language and Apple’s frameworks in the following two chapters.

4 | Chapter 1: Getting Started

 The Apple development tools have a long and storied history. Orig‐
inally a set of standalone application tools for the NeXTSTEP OS,
they were eventually adopted by Apple for use as the official
macOS tools. Later, Apple largely consolidated them into one appli‐
cation, known as Xcode, though some of the applications (such as
Instruments and the iOS simulator) remain somewhat separate,
owing to their relatively peripheral role in the development pro‐
cess. You’ll notice the prefix NS on many of the classes you use for
Cocoa and Cocoa Touch development with Swift. This prefix
comes from the NeXTSTEP heritage of many of Apple’s frame‐
works.

In addition to the development tools, Apple offers developers a paid membership in

its Developer Program, which provides resources and support. The program allows
access to online developer forums and specialized technical support for those interes‐
ted in talking to the framework engineers. If you are just interested in learning Swift
and exploring the development tools, you can do so for free. You will need a paid
membership, however, if you wish to use developer services like iCloud in your apps
or to distribute anything you build through either the iOS or macOS App Store.

Swift is open source, but this doesn’t really mean much when it
comes to using it to develop apps for macOS, iOS, and watchOS.
There’s an excellent community of people working on the language
that you can find at the Swift website.

With the introduction of Apple’s curated App Stores for macOS, iOS, and watchOS, as
well as emerging Apple platforms like tvOS, the Developer Program has become the
official way for developers to provide their credentials when submitting applications
to Apple—in essence, it is your ticket to selling apps through Apple. In this chapter,
you’ll learn how to sign up for the Apple Developer Program, as well as how to use
Xcode, the development tool used to build apps in Swift.

The Apple Developer Program

The paid Apple Developer Program provides access to beta development tools, beta
operating system releases, and distribution ability through Apple’s app store. It also
allows you to use some of the cloud-dependent features of the platforms, such as
iCloud, CloudKit, In-App Purchase, and App Groups.

The Apple Developer Program | 5

 We will be using a lot of cloud-dependent features, including
iCloud, in the apps we build throughout this book. You will not be
able to run these apps if you do not have a paid membership.

It isn’t necessary to be a member of the Apple Developer Program if you don’t intend
to submit apps to the app stores, or don’t need the cloud-dependent features. We
strongly recommend joining, though, if you intend to build apps for any of Apple’s
platforms, as the other benefits are substantial:

• Access to the Apple Developer Forums, which are frequented by Apple engineers
and designed to allow you to ask questions of your fellow developers and the
people who wrote the OS.
• Access to beta versions of the OS before they are released to the public, which
enables you to test your applications on the next version of the macOS, iOS,
watchOS, and tvOS platforms, and make necessary changes ahead of time. You
also receive beta versions of the development tools.
• A digital signing certificate (one for each platform) used to identify you to the
App Stores. Without this, you cannot submit apps to the App Store, making a
membership mandatory for anyone who wants to release software either for free
or for sale via an App Store.

That said, registering for the Developer Program isn’t necessary to view the docu‐
mentation or to download the current version of the developer tools, so you can play
around with writing apps without opening your wallet.

Registering for the Apple Developer Program

To register for the Developer Program, you’ll first need an Apple ID. It’s quite likely
that you already have one, as the majority of Apple’s online services require one to
identify you. If you’ve ever used iCloud, the iTunes store (for music or apps), or
Apple’s support and repair service, you already have an ID. You might even have
more than one (one of this book’s authors has four). If you don’t yet have an ID, you’ll
create one as part of the registration process. When you register for the Developer
Program, the membership gets added to your Apple ID.

6 | Chapter 1: Getting Started

 If you don’t want to register for the paid developer program, you
can skip to “Downloading Xcode” on page 7 for instructions on
installing Xcode, the developer tools.
Once again, keep in mind that you won’t be able to build the apps
that we teach in this book if you don’t have a paid membership, as
we use cloud-dependent features such as iCloud.
There are alternatives to many of Apple’s tools—such as the Google
Maps SDK for iOS, or cloud-storage services from Amazon and
Microsoft. However, you’ll still need a paid membership through
Apple to put apps in the iTunes App Store.

Once you’re on the Apple Developer Program website, simply click Enroll, and follow
the steps to enroll.
You can choose to register as an individual or as a company. If you register as an indi‐
vidual, your apps will be sold under your name. If you register as a company, your
apps will be sold under your company’s legal name. Choose carefully, as it’s very diffi‐
cult to convince Apple to change your program’s type.
If you’re registering as an individual, you’ll just need your credit card. If you’re regis‐
tering as a company, you’ll need your credit card as well as documentation that
proves you have authority to bind your company to Apple’s terms and conditions.

For information on code signing and using Xcode to test and run
your apps on your own physical devices, see Apple’s App Distribu‐
tion Guide. We don’t cover this in the book, as it’s a process that
changes often.

Apple usually takes about 24 hours to activate an account for individuals, and longer
for companies. Once you’ve received confirmation from Apple, you’ll be emailed a
link to activate your account; when that’s done, you’re a full-fledged developer!

Downloading Xcode
To develop apps for either platform, you’ll use Xcode, Apple’s integrated development
environment. Xcode combines a source code editor, debugger, compiler, profiler, iOS
simulator, Apple Watch simulator, and more into one package. It’s where you’ll spend
the majority of your time when developing applications.

At the time of writing, Xcode is only available for Mac, but who
knows what the future holds for the iPad Pro?

The Apple Developer Program | 7

You can get Xcode from the Mac App Store. Simply open the App Store application
and search for “Xcode,” and it’ll pop up. It’s a free download, though it’s rather large
(several gigabytes at the time of writing).
Once you’ve downloaded Xcode, it’s straightforward enough to install it. The Mac
App Store gives you an application that on first launch sets up everything you need to
use Xcode. Just launch the downloaded app, and follow the prompts, and you’ll be up
and running in no time.

This book covers Swift 3, which is available only if you’re using

Xcode 8 or later. Make sure you’re using the latest version of Xcode
from the Mac App Store. It’s good practice to use the latest Xcode at
all times.

Creating Your First Project with Xcode

Xcode is designed around a single window. Each of your projects will have one win‐
dow, which adapts to show what you’re working on.
To start exploring Xcode, you’ll first need to create a project by following these steps:

1. Launch Xcode. You can find it by opening Spotlight (by pressing ⌘-space bar)
and typing Xcode. You can also find it by opening the Finder, going to your hard
drive, and opening the Applications directory. If you had any projects open previ‐
ously, Xcode will open them for you. Otherwise, the “Welcome to Xcode” screen
appears (see Figure 1-2).

8 | Chapter 1: Getting Started

 Figure 1-2. The “Welcome to Xcode” screen

2. Create a new project by clicking “Create a new Xcode project” or go to

File→New→Project.
You’ll be asked what kind of application to create. The template selector is divi‐
ded into two areas. On the lefthand side, you’ll find a collection of application
categories. You can choose to create an iOS, watchOS, or macOS application
from the project templates, which will set up a project directory to get you
started.
Because we’re just poking around Xcode at the moment, it doesn’t really matter
what we select, so choose Application under the iOS header and select Single
View Application. This creates an empty iOS application and displays the project
settings window shown in Figure 1-3.

Creating Your First Project with Xcode | 9

 Figure 1-3. The project settings window

3. Name the application. Enter HelloSwift in the Product Name section.

4. Enter information about the project. Depending on the kind of project template
you select, you’ll be asked to provide different information about how the new
project should be configured.
At a minimum, you’ll be asked for the following information, no matter which
platform and template you choose:
The product’s name
This is the name of the project and is visible to the user. You can change this
later.
Your organization’s name
This is the name of your company or group. It’s not directly used by Xcode,
but new source code files that you create will mention it.
Your organization identifier
This is used to generate a bundle ID, a string that looks like a reverse domain
name (e.g., if O’Reilly made an application named MyUsefulApplication, the
bundle ID would be com.oreilly.MyUsefulApplication).

10 | Chapter 1: Getting Started

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