IELTS Writing Task 2 Positive-Negative
Development Essay
(Do you think this is a positive or negative
development?)
Sample Question (Cambridge IELTS)
“Countries are becoming more and more similar because people are able to buy the same products anywhere
in the world. Do you think this is a positive or negative development?”
1. Essay Structure & Templates
Paragraph Purpose Template Sentences
Introduction 1. Hook/general statement 1. It is often argued that [general topic]
2. Paraphrase prompt 2. This phenomenon refers to [paraphrase prompt].
3. Thesis & opinion 3. In my view, this trend is [positive/negative] because
[reason 1] and [reason 2].
Body Paragraph Topic sentence + 1. Topic sentence: One significant reason for this
1 development of Reason 1: development is that [Idea 1].
idea, explanation, example 2. This means that [explanation of how/why it happens].
3. For instance, [specific example].
4. Furthermore, [Idea 1 continued or second supporting
point].
5. This can be illustrated by [another brief example].
Body Paragraph Topic sentence + 1. Topic sentence: Another important aspect is that [Idea
2 development of Reason 2: 2].
idea, explanation, example 2. As a result, [explanation of its effects].
3. For example, [specific example].
4. Additionally, [Idea 2 continued].
5. A clear example of this is [another example].
Conclusion Summarise key points + 1. In conclusion, the growing similarity of countries is
restate opinion [positive/negative] overall due to [reason 1] and [reason 2].
2. I therefore believe that [restate opinion in different words].
Sample Response :
“Countries are becoming more and more similar because people are able to buy the same
products anywhere in the world. Do you think this is a positive or negative development?”
Introduction
It is often argued that modern globalisation has led to unprecedented levels of
interconnectedness. This trend involves people being able to buy the same products
anywhere in the world, resulting in countries becoming more similar. In my opinion, this
development is negative overall because it erodes cultural diversity and disadvantages local
businesses.
Body Paragraph 1
One significant reason for this development is that global consumer culture promotes
uniformity in lifestyles. This means that, as international brands expand, individuals adopt
the same fashions, gadgets, and entertainment, regardless of their heritage. For instance, a
teenager in Bangladesh and one in Canada might both wear identical branded sneakers and
use the same social media apps, diminishing unique cultural expressions. Furthermore, local
traditions—such as region-specific festivals and artisanal crafts—often lose prominence when
global products dominate the market, as seen in the declining sales of handwoven textiles in
favor of mass-produced garments.
Body Paragraph 2
Another important aspect is that domestic enterprises struggle to compete with well-funded
multinational corporations. As a result, small-scale manufacturers and retailers face stiffer
competition on price and marketing. For example, family-run shops in rural areas frequently
shut down when they cannot match the discounts offered by global supermarket chains.
Additionally, economic dependence on imported goods can weaken local supply chains,
making countries vulnerable to international market fluctuations.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the ability for people to purchase identical products worldwide has a negative
impact by undermining cultural diversity and harming local economies. I therefore firmly
believe that, despite its conveniences, this homogenisation threatens the rich tapestry of
global cultures and the survival of home-grown businesses.
2. Sentence-Level Templates
Function Generic Sentence Template
General statement It is often argued that [topic] plays a crucial role in modern society.
Paraphrase prompt This trend involves [reword prompt], which has become increasingly widespread.
Thesis statement In my opinion, this development is [positive/negative] because [reason 1] and
[reason 2].
Opinion phrasing I firmly believe that [restate stance].
Topic sentence 1 One significant reason for this is that [Idea 1].
Topic sentence 2 Another key factor is that [Idea 2].
Conclusion To summarise, [brief recap of reason 1] and [brief recap of reason 2] highlight
summary why this is [stance].
Restate opinion I strongly maintain that [restate opinion].
3. Key Vocabulary & Signposting
Type Word/Phrase Meaning Example
Verb facilitate make (an action) easier “Global trade facilitates access to
products.”
Noun homogenisation process of becoming similar “Cultural homogenisation can erode
traditions.”
Adjective ubiquitous present everywhere “Smartphones are now ubiquitous.”
Adverb increasingly more and more “People are increasingly shopping online.”
Collocation cultural diversity variety of cultures “Maintaining cultural diversity is important
for identity.”
Phrase a double-edged has both advantages and “Technology is a double-edged sword.”
sword disadvantages
Signposting Furthermore / adds a similar point “Furthermore, this improves efficiency.”
Moreover
Connector Despite / In shows contrast “Despite the benefits, there are
spite of drawbacks.”
Connector Not only … but adds two equally important “Not only does it boost sales but also it
also points creates global competition.”
4. Sentence Structures
Structure Type Template Example
Reason Due to [factor], [effect]. “Due to advances in logistics, products reach new
markets faster.”
Result As a result, [consequence]. “As a result, local producers face stiffer competition.”
Contrast Although [A], [B]. “Although choice expands, traditional crafts may
suffer.”
Cause & Effect [Cause] leads to [effect]. “Global branding leads to cultural homogenisation.”
Not only… but also Not only [A] but also [B]. “Not only do consumers benefit, but also economies
grow.”
Conditional If [condition], [result]. “If local industries adapt, they can thrive in global
markets.”
Comparison [A] is more [adj] than [B]. “This development is more beneficial than
detrimental.”
Purpose [In order to] [purpose], “In order to remain competitive, firms must innovate.”
[action].
