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Mathematics: analysis and approaches
Higher level
Paper 1
1 May 2024
Zone A afternoon Zone B afternoon Zone C afternoon
Candidate session number
2 hours
Instructions to candidates
y Write your session number in the boxes above.
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y You are not permitted access to any calculator for this paper.
y Section A: answer all questions. Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided.
y Section B: answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Fill in your session number on
the front of the answer booklet, and attach it to this examination paper and your cover
sheet using the tag provided.
y Unless otherwise stated in the question, all numerical answers should be given exactly or
correct to three significant figures.
y A clean copy of the mathematics: analysis and approaches HL formula booklet is required
for this paper.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [110 marks].
2224 – 7106
16 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2024
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16EP01
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Please do not write on this page.
Answers written on this page
will not be marked.
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16EP02
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Full marks are not necessarily awarded for a correct answer with no working. Answers must be
supported by working and/or explanations. Where an answer is incorrect, some marks may be given
for a correct method, provided this is shown by written working. You are therefore advised to show all
working.
Section A
Answer all questions. Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided. Working may be
continued below the lines, if necessary.
1. [Maximum mark: 4]
Solve tan (2x - 5°) = 1 for 0° ≤ x ≤ 180° .
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2.
[Maximum mark: 5]
Solve 3 × 9x + 5 × 3x - 2 = 0 .
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3. [Maximum mark: 7]
Quadrilateral OABC is shown on the following set of axes.
y
C
x
O A
OABC is symmetrical about [OB] .
A has coordinates (6, 0) and C has coordinates 3, 3 3 .
(a) (i) Write down the coordinates of the midpoint of [AC] .
(ii) Hence or otherwise, find the equation of the line passing through the points O
and B . [4]
(b) Given that [OA] is perpendicular to [AB] , find the area of the quadrilateral OABC . [3]
��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������
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4. [Maximum mark: 6]
A species of bird can nest in two seasons: Spring and Summer.
The probability of nesting in Spring is k .
k
The probability of nesting in Summer is .
2
This is shown in the following tree diagram.
Spring Summer
k
Nesting
2
Nesting
k Not nesting
k
Nesting
2
Not nesting
Not nesting
(a) Complete the tree diagram to show the probabilities of not nesting in each season.
Write your answers in terms of k . [2]
5
It is known that the probability of not nesting in Spring and not nesting in Summer is .
9
(b) (i) Show that 9k2 - 27k + 8 = 0 .
1 8
(ii) Both k = and k = satisfy 9k2 - 27k + 8 = 0 .
3 3
1
State why k = is the only valid solution. [4]
3
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(Question 4 continued)
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5. [Maximum mark: 8]
2 x 3
A function f is defined by f x , where x ∈ , x ≠ -2 .
3 x 2
The graph y = f (x) is shown below.
y
6
5
4
3
2
1
x
−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
−1
−2
−3
−4
−5
−6
(a) Write down the equation of the horizontal asymptote. [1]
Consider g (x) = mx + 1 , where m ∈ , m ≠ 0 .
(b) (i) Write down the number of solutions to f (x) = g (x) for m > 0 .
(ii) Determine the value of m such that f (x) = g (x) has only one solution for x .
(iii) Determine the range of values for m , where f (x) = g (x) has two solutions
for x ≥ 0 . [7]
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(Question 5 continued)
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6. [Maximum mark: 5]
A farmer grows two types of apples—cooking apples and eating apples. The weights of the
apples, in grams, can be modelled as normal distributions with the following parameters.
Apple type Mean m Standard deviation s
Eating 100 g 20 g
Cooking 140 g 40 g
For each type of apple you can assume that 95 % of the weights are within two standard
deviations of the mean.
(a) Find the percentage of eating apples that have a weight greater than 140 g. [1]
The farmer grows a large number of apples of which 80 % are eating apples.
Both types of apples are picked and randomly mixed together in a cleaning machine.
After cleaning, the machine separates out those that have a weight greater than 140 g into
a container.
(b) An apple is randomly selected from this container. Find the probability that it is an
c
eating apple. Give your answer in the form , where c , d ∈ + . [4]
d
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7. [Maximum mark: 7]
A function g (x) is defined by g (x) = 2x3 - 7x2 + dx - e , where d , e ∈ .
a , b and g are the three roots of the equation g (x) = 0 where a , b , g ∈ .
(a) Write down the value of a + b + g . [1]
A function h (z) is defined by h (z) = 2z5 - 11z4 + rz3 + sz2 + tz - 20 , where r , s , t ∈ .
a , b and g are also roots of the equation h (z) = 0 .
It is given that h (z) = 0 is satisfied by the complex number z = p + 3i .
(b) Show that p = 1 . [3]
1
It is now given that h 0 , and a , b ∈ + , a < b and g ∈ .
2
(c) (i) Find the value of the product ab .
(ii) Write down the value of a and the value of b .
[3]
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16EP11
8.
[Maximum mark: 6]
x 0
Use l’Hôpital’s rule to find lim
x4 x2
sec 4 x cos 2 x
.
16EP12
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9. [Maximum mark: 7]
A teacher takes n students on a field trip. The students are assigned randomly into two groups.
For safety reasons there must be exactly three students in the first group and at least three
students in the second group.
The teacher will randomly assign three students to the first group and the other students to
the second group.
(a) Write down an expression for the number of ways that the students could be assigned. [1]
Two of the students ask the teacher not to work in the same group.
The teacher agrees and now finds that the number of ways to assign the students is halved.
(b) Determine the value of n . [6]
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Do not write solutions on this page.
Section B
Answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Please start each question on a new page.
10. [Maximum mark: 16]
Consider the arithmetic sequence a , p , q … , where a , p , q ≠ 0 .
(a) Show that 2p - q = a . [2]
Consider the geometric sequence a , s , t … , where a , s , t ≠ 0 .
(b) Show that s2 = at . [2]
The first term of both sequences is a .
It is given that q = t = 1 .
1
(c) Show that p > . [2]
2
Consider the case where a = 9 , s > 0 and q = t = 1 .
(d) Write down the first four terms of the
(i) arithmetic sequence;
(ii) geometric sequence. [4]
The arithmetic and the geometric sequence are used to form a new arithmetic sequence un .
The first three terms of un are u1 = 9 + ln 9 , u2 = 5 + ln 3 , and u3 = 1 + ln 1.
(e) (i) Find the common difference of the new sequence in terms of ln 3 .
10
(ii) Show that u i 90 25ln 3 . [6]
i 1
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Do not write solutions on this page.
11. [Maximum mark: 19]
The plane P1 has equation 2x + 6y - 2z = 5 .
1
(a) Verify that the point A 2, ,1 lies on the plane P1 . [1]
2
The plane P2 is given by (k2 - 6) x + (2k + 3) y + pz = q , where p , q , k ∈ and p ≠ 0 .
(b) In the case where p = -6 , P2 is perpendicular to P1 and A lies on P2 .
Find the value of k and the value of q . [5]
For parts (c), (d) and (e) it is now given that P2 is parallel to P1 with k = 3 .
(c) Determine the value of p . [2]
51
It is also given that q .
2
The line through A that is perpendicular to P1 meets P2 at the point B .
(d) (i) Find the coordinates of B .
(ii) Hence, show that the perpendicular distance between P1 and P2 is 11 . [7]
(e) Find the equation of a third parallel plane P3 which is also a perpendicular distance
of 11 from P1 . [4]
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Do not write solutions on this page.
12. [Maximum mark: 20]
1
Let f ( x) 1 ax
(a) 2 , where ax < 1 , a ≠ 0 .
The nth derivative of f (x) is denoted by f (n)(x) , n ∈ + .
2n 1
n a n 2n 1 ! 1 ax 2
Prove by induction that f x , n ∈ + . [8]
22 n 1 n 1 !
1
By using part (a) or otherwise, show that the Maclaurin series for f ( x) 1 ax
(b) 2
1 3
up to and including the x2 term is 1 + ax + a 2 x 2 . [2]
2 8
1 1
2 6 x 19 x 2
Hence, show that 1 2 x 1 4 x
(c) 2 2 . [4]
2
1
) 1 ax
(d) f ( xfor
Given that the series expansion 2 is convergent for |ax| < 1 ,
state the restriction which must be placed on x for the approximation
1 1
2 6 x 19 x 2
1 2 x 2 1 4 x
2 to be valid. [1]
2
1
(e) Use x = to determine an approximate value for 3 .
10
c
Give your answer in the form , where c , d ∈ +. [5]
d
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