Unit – 01 Zeroth law of thermodynamics
Q.01 Constant volume process is also
called as.
(a) Isobaric (b) Isochoric
(c) Isentropic (d) Adiabatic
Q.04 Which of the following is not an
extensive property :
(a) entropy
(b) enthalpy
Q.02 When there is no heat exchange (c) internal energy
between two bodies that are at the same (d) density
temperature, they are said to be in
Ans. (d) Extensive property:- A property
(a) thermal equilibrium whose value depends upon mass, shape,
(b) energy equilibrium size of the system is known as extensive
property.
(c) heat equilibrium
Ex.– Volume, Mass, Entropy, Enthalpy,
(d) electrical equilibrium Kinetic energy, Potential energy etc.
Ans. (a) : When there is no heat exchange Intensive property:- A property whose
between two bodies that are at the same value does not depend upon the mass,
temperature they are said to be in thermal shape and size of the system, called
equilibrium. intensive property. Ex.:- Density,
Pressure, Temperature, Specific volume,
• Electrical equilibrium–When potential
Specific entropy etc
difference is zero.
Q.05 A perfect gas at 27ºC is heated at
Q.03 Density of water is maximum at :
constant pressure till its volume is
(a)0 C (b) 0 K doubled. The final temperature is.
(c) 4 C (d) 100 C (a) 54ºC (b) 108ºC
(c) 327ºC (d) 600ºC
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Select the correct answer using the code
given below
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 2 and 4
Q.06 Temperature of a gas is produced
due to
(a) its heating value
(b) kinetic energy of molecules
(c) repulsion of molecules
(d) attraction of molecules
Q.09 Which of the following is an
intensive property?
(a) Temperature
(b) Pressure
(c) Volume
(d) Both temperature and pressure
Ans. (d) : Thermodynamic Property–All
Q.07 Which of the following is not a measurable characterstics of the system
property of system? known as properties. For example
pressure, temperature, volume, enthalpy,
(a) Temperature (b) Pressure entropy, density etc. These are two types–
(c) Specific volume (d) Heat (i) Intensive/Intrinsic Properties–All the
Ans. (d) Heat is a transient energy and not thermodynamic properties which
a property of the system. It is a path independent of mass (size) of system.
function. Example–Pressure, temperature, thermal
conductivity, density and all the specific
• This energy is due to temperature properties.
difference.
(ii) Extensive/Extrinsic Properties–All
Q.08 Which of the following are the thermodynamic properties which are
intensive properties? depend on extent or mass of the system.
(1) Kinetic Energy Example–Volume, mass, energy, enthalpy
etc.
(2) Specific Enthalpy
Q.10 Of the following, 'path function'
(3) Pressure quantity is
(4) Entropy (a) Work done (b) pressure
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(c) Enthalpy (d) Temperature (a) Ideal process (b) Adiabatic
process
Ans. (a) ⇒ Heat and work done are the
path function. (c) Isothermal process (d) Isobaric process
⇒ Heat and work are not thermodynamic
properties because these are not point
function. Its value depends on the path of
the process in the system.
Q.11 Which of the following is NOT an
extensive property?
(a) Enthalpy (b) Entropy
(c) Specific enthalpy (d) None of these
Ans. (c) Properties may be of two types –
Q.14 Isolated system indicates–
Intensive properties– Intensive properties
are (a) Mass of substance cross the boundary
independent on the mass of the system, (b) Energy of substance cross the
e.g. pressure,temperature, specific boundary
enthalpy, specific volume, specific energy, (c) Both mass and energy of substance
density etc. cross the boundary
Extensive properties– Extensive (d) Both mass and energy of substance
properties are dependent upon the mass of does not cross the boundary
the system e.g. volume, energy, enthalpy,
entropy etc.
Q.12 In an isothermal process, the
internal energy
(a) Increases (b) Decreases
(c) Remains constant (d) None of the Q.15 A closed thermodynamic system is
above one in which:
(a) There is no energy or mass transfer
across the boundary
(b) There is no mass transfer but energy
transfer Exists
(c) There is no energy transfer but there is
mass transfer
(d) Both energy and mass transfer exist
Q.13 A process in which no heat crosses
the boundary of the system is called :
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Q.18 Which of the following is the
extensive property of thermodynamic
Q.16 Control volume in a
system?
thermodynamic system refers to–
(a) Pressure (b) Volume
(a) A specified mass in fluid flow
(c) Temperature (d) Density
(b) Mass that moves across the boundary
(c) Fixed region in space for
thermodynamic study
(d) Transfer of energy across the boundary
Q.19 Zeroth law of thermodynamics
Q.17 Heat and work are :
forms the basis of measurement of–
(a) Intensive properties
(a) Pressure (b) Temperature
(b) Extensive properties
(c) Heat exchange (d) Work
(c) Point functions
Ans : (b)
(d) Path function
• Zeroth law of thermodynamics forms the
basis of measurement of temperature.
• This law states that when two bodies are
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in thermal equilibrium with a third body, (a) 8314 (b) 831.4
they are also in thermal equilibrium with
(c) 8480 (d) 848
each other.
• First law of thermodynamics defines
internal energy.
• Second law of thermodynamics defines
entropy of the system.
Q. 20 An Ideal gas at 27ºC is heated at
constant pressure till its volume
becomes three times. What would be the
Q.23 The process in which no heat
temperature of gas?
enters or leaves the system is called–
(a) 81ºC (b) 627ºC
(a) Isobaric (b) Isothermal
(c) 543ºC (d) 327ºC
(c) Isentropic (d) Isochoric
Q.21 Total heat of a substance is also
known as : Q.24 Molar specific heat of an ideal gas
(a) internal energy (b) entropy depend on
(c) latent heat (d) enthalpy (a) Its pressure
(b) Its temperature
(c) Both its pressure and temperature
(d) The number of atoms in a molecule
Q.25 In a thermodynamic system, a
process in which volume remains
Q.22 The universal gas constant in S.I. constant is called ..............process.
unit is equal to
(a) isobaric (b) isometric
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(c) adiabatic (d) isentropic
Q.28 An open system is one in which :
(a) Mass does not cross boundaries of the
system, though energy may do so
(b) Neither mass nor energy crosses the
boundaries of the system
Q.26 The value of an extensive property
is essentially dependent on (c) Both energy and mass cross the
boundaries of the system
(a) Mass of the system
(d) Mass crosses the boundary but not the
(b) Interaction of the system with its energy
surroundings
Ans. : (c) Open system ⇒An open system
(c) Path followed by the system in going is one in which both energy and mass
from one state to another cross the boundaries of the system.
(d) Nature of boundaries, rigid or flexible Closed System ⇒ In a closed system, heat
and work cross the boundaries of the
system but there is no addition or loss of
the original mass of the working
substance.
Isolated system ⇒ It is a system of fixed
mass and no heat or work cross its
boundaries.
Q.29 For a thermodynamic process to
be reversible, the temperature
difference between hot body and
Q.27 Properties of substances like working substance should be :
pressure, temperature and density in
thermodynamic coordinates are– (a) Negative (b) Infinity
(a) path function (b) point (c) Maximum (d) Zero
functions Ans. (d) For a thermodynamic process to
(c) cyclic functions (d) real functions be reversible,the temperature difference
between hot body and working substance
Ans. : (b) Properties of substance like should be zero.
pressure,temperature and density are point
functions as they depend only on the end Q.30 An isothermal process is one which
states. :
* Path function are the functions whose (a) The heat transfer of the system under
magnitudes depend on the path followed consideration is zero
during a process as well as the end states. (b) The temperature of the system under
These are inexact differentials. consideration remains constant during the
Ex- Heat & work change
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(c) The pressure of the gas in the system 𝟐
Q.33 The expression ∫𝟏 𝒑𝒅𝒗 gives the
is proportional to the volume of the gas measure of work done during
(d) The internal energy of the system (a) Steady flow reversible process
under consideration decreases during the
change (b) Non-flow reversible process
(c) Open system and any process
(d) Any system and any process
Ans. (b) The non–flow work done by the
system (only on the quasi–static process)
is given by–
Q.31 Which of the following is an
extensive property?
(a) density (b) enthalpy
(c) temperature (d) pressure
Ans. : (b) Properties are point function
and are exact or perfect differentials.
* Extensive properties– These properties
are dependent on mass.
Q.34 Define thermodynamics.
Ex.– Volume, energy, heat capacity,
(a) It deals with dynamics under thermal
enthalpy etc.
conditions
* All specific properties are intensive
(b) It is a science which deals with work
properties.
done
Q.32 The area below the P-V diagram of
(c) It is a science which deals with the
a non-flow process represents-
relation between work and properties of
(a) heat transfer (b) mass transfer systems
(c) entropy transfer (d) work transfer (d) It is a science which deals with the
relation between heat, work and properties
of systems
Ans. (d) : Thermodynamics - It is the
science of energy transfer and its effect on
properties.
⇒ Energy transfer may be heat or may be
work or may be both.
⇒ The main aim of thermodynamics study
is to convert air organized form of energy
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(heat) into organized form of energy Q. 38 A system will be thermodynamic
(work) in an efficient manner. equilibrium only if it is in ____.
Q.35 In a reversible adiabatic process, A. Thermal equilibrium
the heat added (in joule) is:
B. Mechanical equilibrium
(a) 0 (b) 1.5
C. Chemical equilibrium
(c) 1 (d) 2
(a) only A (b) only B
(c) only C (d) A, B and C
Ans. (d) A system will be thermodynamic
equilibrium only if it is in–
(1) Thermal equilibrium:- Equality of
temperatures.
Q.36 An ideal gas undergoes an (2) Chemical equilibrium:- Equality of
isothermal process between states 1 and chemical potentials.
2. The applicable equation is: (3) Mechanical equilibrium:- Equality of
(a) 𝑃 𝑉 = 𝑃 𝑉 (b) P𝑉 = constant forces and couples.
(c) 𝑃 /𝑇 = 𝑃 /𝑇 (d) ρ = constant Q.39 A reversible process ..........;
(a) Must pass through a continuous series
of equilibrium states
(b) Leaves no history of the events in
surroundings
(c) Must pass through the same states on
the reversed path as on the forward path
Q.37 In metric system the unit of heat is
given as (d) All options are correct
(a) CHU (b) BTU Ans. (d) Reversible process is one which
can bereversed along the same path,
(c) kcal (d) Kelvin
restoring the system and surrounding to its
Ans. (c) Heat is a way of transferring original state/conditions.
energy between a system and its
Condition for a process to be
surrounding, but not always, changes the
reversible:-
temperature of the system.
(i) Must pass through a continuous series
* Heat is measured in units of calories,
of equilibrium states (quasi- static process)
which are defined as the amount of heat
required to raise the temperature of one (ii) Leaves no history of the events in
gram of water from 14.5°C to 15.5°C. In surroundings
the SI system, the unit of heat is 'Joule'.
(iii) Must pass through the same states on
(1 cal = 4.186 Joule) the reversed path as on the forward path.
(iv) No friction (solid or fluid)
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(v) Heat transfer, if any should be only (1) Free expansion or friction resisted
through infinitely small temperature expansion/compression process should not
difference. be encountered.
Q.40 When a gas flows through a very (2) When heat is being absorbed,
long pipe of uniform cross section, the temperature of hot source and working
flow is approximately : substance should be same.
(a) isentropic (b) isobaric (3) When heat is being rejected
temperature of cold source and working
(c) isothermal (d) adiabatic
substance should be same.
Ans. (c) When a gas flows through a very
(4) Process must be quasi-static or quasi-
long pipe of uniform cross section, the
equilibrium.
flow is approximately isothermal.
Q.42 Under ideal conditions, isothermal,
• Isothermal flow is a model of
isobaric,isochoric and adiabatic
compressible fluid flow where by the flow
processes are ___.
remains at the same temperature while
flowing in a conduit in the model. Heat (a) static processes
transfer through the wall & the conduit is
(b) dynamic processes
off set by frictional heating back into the
flow. (c) quasi-static processes
Q.41 In order that a cycle be reversible, (d) stable processes
following must be satisfied :
Ans. (c) Under ideal conditions,
(a) free expansion or friction resisted isothermal, isobaric, isochoric and
expansion/compression process should not adiabatic processes are quasi-static
be encountered processes. Quasi- static process is one in
which, system passes through series of
(b) when heat is being absorbed,
equilibrium state, when it goes from initial
temperature of hot source and working
state to final state
substance should be same
Q.43 Three states of matter are
(c) when heat is being rejected,
distinguished with respect to molecules
temperature of cold source and working
by the ........
substance should be same
(a) Atoms in molecules
(d) All options are correct
(b) Number
Ans. (d) "Reversible process is one which
can be reversed along the same path (c) Orientation
restoring the system and surrounding to its
original state/ condition." (d) Character of motion
Examples–Carnot cycle, Stirling cycle, Ans. (d) Three states of matter are
Ericsson cycle etc. distinguished with respect to molecules by
the character of motion.
Condition for a process to be reversible–
• In solids no motion of molecules where
as in gas and liquid motion of molecules
are possible at normal condition.
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Q.44 In isothermal expansion, work transferring from body A to body B. After
done by gas depends upon ____. some times temperature of both bodies
becomes equal. This condition is called
(a) Atomicity of gas only
thermal equilibrium.
(b) Expansion ratio only
(c) Adiabatic index
(d) Both Atomicity of gas and expansion
ratio
Q.46 Calorie is measure of ____.
(a) Specific heat (b) Quantity of
heat
(c) Thermal capacity (d) Entropy
Ans. (b) Calorie is a unit of heat.
• Specific heat unit = calorie / gram
centigrade
• Entropy unit ⇒ calorie/Kelvin or
kilojoule/Kelvin
1 Calorie= 4.18 joule
Q.45 Thermal equilibrium between two
Q. 47 Consider the following properties
or more bodies exists, when they are
:
brought together,there is no change in
____. (1) Entropy
(a) Density (2) Viscosity
(b) Pressure (3) Temperature
(c) Temperature (4) Specific heat and constant volume
(d) All options are correct
Ans. (c) Thermal equilibrium between two Which of the above properties of a
or more bodies exists, when they are system is/are extensive?
brought together, there is no change in
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 1 and 2
temperature.
(c) Only 2, 3 and 4 (d) Only 1, 2 and 4
• If two bodies A & B which temperatures
are different are kept together and heat is
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Ans. (a) Intensive properties– Properties
independent on the mass of the system.
Ex.– Temperature, pressure, density,
specific enthalpy, specific energy etc.
Extensive properties– Properties depends
upon themass of the system.
Ex.– Volume, energy, entropy, enthalpy
etc.
Q.48 In isopiestic process, the
(a) temperature remains constant
(b) volume remains constant
(c) 𝑃 V= constant
(d) Pressure remains constant
Q.49 For an isolated system which has
no interaction with the surrounding.
Which of the following statement is/are
CORRECT?
(a) Heat transferred is zero
(b) Work done is zero
(c) Internal energy remains constant
(d) All options are correct
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