Here’s a clear, **9-mark O-Level style** answer on **what determines a player transfer (transfer fee)**
in football:
---
### 1. **Player Performance & Recent Form** (1 mark)
Clubs value current and consistent performance—goals, assists, match ratings. Top recent form greatly
boosts value. ([1library.net][1], [jadetimes.com][2])
### 2. **Age & Potential** (1 mark)
Young players (typically 19–25) with growth potential demand higher fees. Older players nearing decline
are valued less. ([topessaywriting.org][3])
### 3. **Contract Length & Release Clauses** (1 mark)
Players with several years left on their contract are more expensive. Release clauses, like Neymar’s
€222 m, fix a buyout amount. ([jadetimes.com][2])
### 4. **Position Played** (1 mark)
Forwards and creative midfielders attract higher fees than defenders or goalkeepers due to their goal-
scoring impact. ([topessaywriting.org][3])
### 5. **Market Demand & Competition** (1 mark)
Multiple clubs vying for a player triggers bidding wars, elevating the transfer fee.
([thesportsreviewer.com][4])
### 6. **Selling/Borrowing Club’s Situation** (1 mark)
A financially pressured club may sell cheaply, while a club unwilling to sell holds out for a higher
price. 
### 7. **Club Financial Power & Regulations** (1 mark)
Wealthy clubs can afford inflated fees. Conversely, Financial Fair Play rules or tight budgets limit
spending. ([thetimes.co.uk][5])
### 8. **Commercial Value & Profile** (1 mark)
Players bringing brand influence, sponsorship and fan appeal (e.g., Neymar, Ronaldo) have higher
value. 
### 9. **International Caps & Experience** (1 mark)
Players with national team experience or international honours are seen as more valuable by
clubs. 
---
### ✅ Summary Table
| No. | Factor | Explanation |
| --: | ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1 | Performance & Form | Recent match impact increases value |
| 2 | Age & Potential | Younger players = future growth prospects |
| 3 | Contract & Clauses | Longer contracts = higher leverage; release clauses set fixed price |
| 4 | Position | Offense positions often demand more |
| 5 | Market Demand | Competing interest drives fees higher |
| 6 | Selling Club’s Situation | Clubs under pressure may accept lower offers |
| 7 | Financial Power & Regulations | Wealthy buyers; FFP rules shape affordability |
| 8 | Commercial & Media Value | Brand power inflates fees through sponsorship potential |
| 9 | International Experience | Caps and medals denote quality and readiness for pressure
situations |
---
This concise structure aptly captures nine key determinants of player transfers, aligning with O-Level
marking guidelines. Would you like real examples of specific transfers illustrating these points?
[1]: https://1library.net/article/determinants-transfer-valuation-human-capital-sports-industry-
study.q238xoez?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Determinants of transfer fees - Valuation of human capital in
the sports industry: A study of t"
[2]: https://www.jadetimes.com/post/the-economics-of-football-transfers-record-breaking-deals-
explained?utm_source=chatgpt.com "The Economics of Football Transfers: Record-Breaking Deals
Explained"
[3]: https://www.topessaywriting.org/samples/various-factors-that-influence-the-fees-paid-for-the-
transfer-of-professional-soccer-players?utm_source=chatgpt.com "various factors that influence the fees
paid - Free Essay Example, 2763 Words - TopEssayWriting.org"
[4]: https://thesportsreviewer.com/the-business-of-football-exploring-the-transfer-market/?
utm_source=chatgpt.com "The Business of Football: Exploring the Transfer Market |
TheSportsReviewer.com"
[5]: https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/chelsea-aston-villa-fine-europe-uefa-financial-rules-fmskgfjcf?
utm_source=chatgpt.com "Chelsea fined record £27m for breaking Uefa's financial rules"
