NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING PRACTICE-SKILLS
OXYGEN ADMINISTRATION
DEFINITION:
Is the process by which supplemented oxygen is administered
in high concentration than that of atmospheric air.
:Purposes
To relieve dyspnea
To prevent hypoxemia and hypoxia
To increase oxygenation in tissues.
INDICATIONS FOR OXYGEN ADMINISTRATION:
Severe respiratory distress
Intra and post operatively
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia
Shock
Severe Trauma
Acute Myocardial Infarction
DIFFERENT TYPES/ ROUTES OF OXYGEN
ADMINISTRATION:
Nasal
Mask
Cannula
Tent
NASAL CATHETER
Introduction of oxygen through the oropharynx by
means of a soft rubber tube with hole at the end.
CANNULA
the most common inexpensive low-flow
device used to administer ocxygen.
consists of rubber or plastic tube that
extends around the face, with 0.6 – 1.3cm
(1/4 -1/2 inch) curved prongs that fit into
the nostril.
FACE MASK
covers the client’s nose and mouth for oxygen
inhalation
EQUIPMENTS:
Oxygen supply
Humidifier with sterile, distilled water or according to agency
protocol
“NO SMOKING” sign
ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENTS FOR:
A. CATHETER B. CANNULA
❑Nasal Catheter ❑ Nasal Cannula and Tubing
Children – French # 8 -10 ❑ Tape
Adult – French # 12 -14 ❑ Gauzes
❑Tongue Depressor ❑ Prescribed face mask fit for
❑Flashlight the patient
❑Safety pin ❑ Padding for elastic band
❑Plaster
OXYGEN ADMINISTRATION
OXYGEN TENT
Consist of a rectangular, clear, plastic
canopy with outlets that connects to
an oxygen or compressed air source
and to a humidifier that moisturizes
the air or oxygen.
CROUPETTE
Consists of a nebulizer with attached
tubing that connects with a canopy to
enclose the patient and contain the
humidifying mist.
OXYGEN ADMINISTRATION
PARTS OF AN OXYGEN CYLINDER
RATIONALE/ADDITIONAL
STEPS
INFORMATION
A. NASAL CATHETER
1. Measure the length of catheter
to be inserted by holding it
horizontally from the tip of the
nose to the earlobe.
2. Moisten the tip of the catheter
with water to facilitate easy
passage of the catheter.
3. Elevate the tip of the nose
gently until the mark on the
catheter is reached.
RATIONALE/ADDITIONAL
STEPS
INFORMATION
4. Check if the catheter is in the The catheter should be behind the
right position by depressing the uvula
tongue. Use the flashlight for
better visualization.
Pin the connecting tube on the pillow
5. Fasten the catheter to the side case or back of the mattress. Some
of the patient’s face & drape it models have a strap to adjust under
over his ear. the chin.
RATIONALE/ADDITIONAL
STEPS
INFORMATION
B. NASAL CANNULA
1. Put the cannula over client’s
face,
with the outlet prongs fitting
into
the nares & the elastic band
around
the head.
2. If the cannula will not stay in
place, tape it at the sides of
the
face.
3. Slip gauze pads under the tubing To prevent skin irritation.
over the cheekbones.
RATIONALE/ADDITIONAL
STEPS
INFORMATION
C. FACE MASK
1. Place the mask towards the
client’s face, & apply it from
the
nose downward.
2. Apply the mask making sure
that The mask should mold to the face,
it fits to the contour of the so that very little oxygen escapes
client’s into the eyes or around the cheeks.
face.
3. Secure the elastic band
around
the client’s head so that the
mask
is comfortable but snug.
4. Pad the band behind the ears
&
over the bony prominences.
STEPS RATIONALE/ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
5.Make the client comfortable
6. Fill out oxygen slip taped to oxygen
tank
a. Assess the client’s level of anxiety,
color, ease of respirations, & provide
support while the client adjusts to the
cannula.
b. Assess the client in 15-30minutes,
Assess vital signs, color, breathing
depending on the client’s condition, &
patterns, & chest movements.
regularly thereafter.
c. Assess the client regularly for signs
Obtain arterial blood gas results, if they
of hypoxia, tachycardia, confusion,
are available.
dypsnea, restlessness, & cyanosis.
STEPS RATIONALE/ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
NASAL CATHETER
Assess the client’s nares for Change catheter every 8 hours as
encrustations & irritations. Apply a necessary. Water soothes the mucous
water soluble lubricant as required. membrane.
FACE MASK
Inspect the facial skin frequently
for dampness or chafing, & dryness
& treat it as needed.
INSPECT THE EQUIPMENT ON A
REGULAR BASIS:
Check the liter flow & the level of
water in the humidifier in 30 minutes
& whenever providing care to the
client.
STEPS RATIONALE/ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
INSPECT THE EQUIPMENT ON A
REGULAR BASIS:
▪ Check the liter flow & the level of
Change catheter every 8 hours as
water in the humidifier in 30 minutes
necessary. Water soothes the mucous
& whenever providing care to the
membrane.
client.
▪ Maintain the level of water in
empty humidifier, rinse, & fill the
humidifier.
with distilled or tap water every 24
hours.
▪ Make sure that safety precautions
are being followed.
Oxygen Therapy via Nasal Cannula Video
PULSE OXIMETER
DEFINITION:
a device that is used to quickly and easily
monitors a person’s oxygen saturation
It can measure the level of oxygen within the
blood specifically in arterial blood without
using invasive means.
it provides a heart rate measurement as well.
PULSE OXIMETER
PULSE OXIMETER
PULSE OXIMETER
o What does pulse oximeter measure?
Arterial blood
SpO2
o Normal ranges of a pulse oximeter
❑ Heart rate- 60-100 beats/ min
O2 saturation-95-100%
❑ If there is lack of oxygen in the blood, that means your body tissues will not
be oxygenated properly and can be hazardous to your health.
PULSE OXIMETER
EQUIPMENTS:
1.Oximeter
2.Oximeter probe appropriate for client
3.Acetone or nail polish remover
4.Gloves (optional)
PROCEDURE:
❑Check doctors’ order
❑Explain the procedure to the client
❑Obtain equipment
❑Assess potential sensor for quality or circulation, edema, tremor,
restlessness, nail polish, or artificial nails
❑Review the medical history for data indicating vascular or other
pathology, such as anemia or carbon monoxide inhalation.
PULSE OXIMETER
❑ Checked prescribed medications for vasoconstrictive effects.
❑ Determine how much the client understands about pulse oximetry,
❑ Wash hand or perform hand antisepsis with an alcohol.
❑ Position the sensor so that the light emission is directly opposite
the sensor.
❑ Attach the sensor cable to the machine. Observe the numeric
display, audible sounds & waveform on the machine.
❑ Set the alarms for saturation level and pulse rate according to the
manufacturer’s directions.
❑ Move an adhesive finger sensor if the finger becomes pale,
swollen, or cold: remove and reapply a spring-tension every
2hours.
PULSE OXIMETER
❑ Document the following:
a. Abnormal oxygen saturation measurements when they are
sustained.
b. Nursing measure to improve oxygenation if oxygen saturation
levels fall below 90% & are prolonged.
c. Removal & relocation of sensor.
d. Condition of skin at sensor site.
NOTE:
❖ Sites where sensor is best applied:
1. finger
2. Toe
3. Earlobe
4. Bridge of the nose
Factors Cause Remedy
Movement of the Tremor, Relocate sensor to other site.
sensor restlessness, loss
of adhesions
Poor Circulation Peripheral ▪ Change sensor location or type
vascular disease, of sensor
edema, tourniquet ▪ Loosen or change sensor
effect from tape location
sensor, ▪ Discontinue use temporarily
vasoconstrictive
drug effect.
Barrier to light Nail polish, thick ▪ Remove polish
toenails ▪ Relocate sensor
Extraneous light Direct sunlight, ▪ Cover sensor with towel
treatment light
Hemoglobin Carbon monoxide ▪ Discontinue use temporarily
saturation with poisoning
other substances
Pulse Oximeter Video
►
THANK YOU!!!
