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An ACI Manual
ACI Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook
A Companion to ACI 318-19

Volume 3: Design Aids

MNL-17(21)
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 ACI MNL-17(21)

ACI REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOK

A Companion to ACI 318-19

VOLUME 1 VOLUME 2

INTRODUCTION RETAINING WALLS

STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS SERVICEABILITY

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS STRUT-AND-TIE METHOD

DURABILITY ANCHORING TO CONCRETE

ONE-WAY SLABS

TWO-WAY SLABS

BEAMS

DIAPHRAGMS

COLUMNS

STRUCTURAL REINFORCED CONCRETE WALLS

FOUNDATIONS

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 ACI MNL-17(21)
Volume 3

ACI REINFORCED CONCRETE

DESIGN HANDBOOK
A Companion to ACI 318-19

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 First Printing
April 2021
ISBN: 978-1-64195-138-8

ACI REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOK

Volume 3 ~ Tenth Edition
Copyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This material may not be
reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage
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 VOLUME 3: CONTENTS

APPENDIX A—REFERENCE TABLES 1

APPENDIX B—ANALYSIS TABLES 9

APPENDIX C—SECTIONAL PROPERTIES 23

APPENDIX D––COLUMN INTERACTION

DIAGRAMS 25

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 MNL-17(21)—REFERENCE TABLES 1

MNL-17(21)—REFERENCE TABLES

TABLES
REF.
Table A-1—Nominal cross section area, weight, and nominal diameter of ASTM standard reinforcing bars
Bar size designation Nominal cross section area, in.2 Weight, lb/ft Nominal diameter, in. Nominal perimeter, in.
No. 3 0.11 0.376 0.375 1.18
No. 4 0.20 0.668 0.500 1.57
No. 5 0.31 1.043 0.625 1.96
No. 6 0.44 1.502 0.750 2.36
No. 7 0.60 2.044 0.875 2.75
No. 8 0.79 2.670 1.000 3.14
No. 9 1.00 3.400 1.128 3.54
No. 10 1.27 4.303 1.270 3.99
No. 11 1.56 5.313 1.410 4.43
No. 14 2.25 7.650 1.693 5.32
No. 18 4.00 13.600 2.257 7.09

Note: The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain bar having the same mass per foot as the deformed bars.

Table A-2—Area of bars in a section 1 ft wide

Cross section area of bar As (or As′), in.2
Bar size
Spacing, Spacing,
in. #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11 #14 #18 in.
4.0 0.33 0.60 0.93 1.32 1.80 2.37 3.00 3.81 4.68 — — 4.0
4.5 0.29 0.53 0.83 1.17 1.60 2.11 2.67 3.39 4.16 6.00 — 4.5
5.0 0.26 0.48 0.74 1.06 1.44 1.90 2.40 3.05 3.74 5.40 9.60 5.0
5.5 0.24 0.44 0.68 0.96 1.31 1.72 2.18 2.77 3.40 4.91 8.73 5.5
6.0 0.22 0.40 0.62 0.88 1.20 1.58 2.00 2.54 3.12 4.50 8.00 6.0
6.5 0.20 0.37 0.57 0.81 1.11 1.46 1.85 2.34 2.88 4.15 7.38 6.5
7.0 0.19 0.34 0.53 0.75 1.03 1.35 1.71 2.18 2.67 3.86 6.86 7.0
7.5 0.18 0.32 0.50 0.70 0.96 1.26 1.60 2.03 2.50 3.60 6.40 7.5
8.0 0.17 0.30 0.47 0.66 0.90 1.19 1.50 1.91 2.34 3.38 6.00 8.0
8.5 0.16 0.28 0.44 0.62 0.85 1.12 1.41 1.79 2.20 3.18 5.65 8.5
9.0 0.15 0.27 0.41 0.59 0.80 1.05 1.33 1.69 2.08 3.00 5.33 9.0
9.5 0.14 0.25 0.39 0.56 0.76 1.00 1.26 1.60 1.97 2.84 5.05 9.5
10.0 0.13 0.24 0.37 0.53 0.72 0.95 1.20 1.52 1.87 2.70 4.80 10.0
10.5 0.13 0.23 0.35 0.50 0.69 0.90 1.14 1.45 1.78 2.57 4.57 10.5
11.0 0.12 0.22 0.34 0.48 0.65 0.86 1.09 1.39 1.70 2.45 4.36 11.0
11.5 0.11 0.21 0.32 0.46 0.63 0.82 1.04 1.33 1.63 2.35 4.17 11.5
12.0 0.11 0.20 0.31 0.44 0.60 0.79 1.00 1.27 1.56 2.25 4.00 12.0
13.0 0.10 0.18 0.29 0.41 0.55 0.73 0.92 1.17 1.44 2.08 3.69 13.0
14.0 0.09 0.17 0.27 0.38 0.51 0.68 0.86 1.09 1.34 1.93 3.43 14.0
15.0 0.09 0.16 0.25 0.35 0.48 0.63 0.80 1.02 1.25 1.80 3.20 15.0
16.0 0.08 0.15 0.23 0.33 0.45 0.59 0.75 0.95 1.17 1.69 3.00 16.0
17.0 0.08 0.14 0.22 0.31 0.42 0.56 0.71 0.90 1.10 1.59 2.82 17.0
18.0 0.07 0.13 0.21 0.29 0.40 0.53 0.67 0.85 1.04 1.50 2.67 18.0

Example: #9 bar spaced 7-1/2 in. apart provides 1.60 in.2/ft of section width.

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2 DETAILING MANUALCONCRETE
ACI REINFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH
DESIGN ACI 318-19—MNL-66(19)
HANDBOOK—MNL-17(21)

Table A-3—Minimum beam web widths required for two or more bars in one layer for cast-in-place
nonprestressed concrete
Reference: ACI 318-19 Sections 25.3.2, 25.2.1, 20.5.1.3.1, and AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges
(17th edition, 2002) Division I, Sections 8.17.3.1, 8.21.1, 8.22.1, 8.23.2.2, and Table 8.23.2.1. For use of this Design Aid, see
Flexure Example 1.

Minimum beam width = 2(A + B + C) + (n – 1)(D + db) where A + B + C – 1/2db ≥ 2.0 in. cover required for longitudinal bars
and these assumptions are made:

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 MNL-66(19)—REFERENCE TABLES
MNL-17(21)—REFERENCE TABLES 3

TABLES
REF.

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4 ACI REINFORCED
DETAILING MANUALCONCRETE DESIGN
IN ACCORDANCE HANDBOOK—MNL-17(21)
WITH ACI 318-19—MNL-66(19)

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 MNL-17(21)—REFERENCE TABLES
MNL-66(19)—REFERENCE TABLES 5

TABLES
REF.

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6 ACI REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOK—MNL-17(21)

Table A-7—Basic development length ratios of bars in tension

Reference: ACI 318-19 Sections 25.4.2.2 and 25.4.2.3

Development length ratios:

d ψt ψeψ g f y
=α
db λ f c′

For ψt = 1.0; ψe = 1.0, and λ = 1.0 (see notes below).

Basic development length ratios of bars in tension

fy 60,000 psi 80,000 psi 100,000 psi

Bar fc′ 3000 4000 5000 6000 8000 10,000 3000 4000 5000 6000 8000 10,000 3000 4000 5000 6000 8000 10,000
size Category α psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi

#3 to I 1/25 44 38 34 31 27 24 67 58 52 48 41 37 95 82 74 67 58 52
#6 II 3/50 66 57 51 46 40 36 101 87 78 71 62 55 142 123 110 101 87 78

#7 to I 1/20 55 47 42 39 34 30 84 73 65 59 51 46 119 103 92 84 73 65

#18 II 3/40 82 71 64 58 50 45 126 109 98 89 77 69 178 154 138 126 109 98
Notes:
1. See category chart for Categories I and II.
2. ψt = casting position (1.3 for bars placed such that more than 12 in. of fresh concrete is cast below the development length or splice; 1.0 for other bars).
ψe = coating factor (1.5 = epoxy-coated reinforcement with cover < 3db or clear spacing < 6db; 1.2 = all other epoxy-coated reinforcement; and 1.0 = uncoated and zinc-coated
[galvanized] reinforcement).
λ = lightweight-aggregate concrete factor (0.75 for lightweight concrete, and 1.0 for normalweight concrete).
3. Minimum development length ℓd ≥ 12 in.
4. ψg = 1.0, 1.15, and 1.3 for fy = 60 ksi, 80 ksi, and 100 ksi, respectively

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 MNL-17(21)—REFERENCE TABLES
MNL-66(19)—REFERENCE TABLES 7

TABLES
REF.

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8 ACI REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOK—MNL-17(21)

Table A-8—Basic development length ℓdh of standard hooks in tension

Reference: ACI 318-19 Sections 25.3.1, 25.4.3.1, 25.4.3.2, and 25.4.10.1.

ψ ψ ψ ψ 
 dh =  e r o c  db1.5
 55λ f c′ 

This table is calculated with ψe = 1.0, ψt = 1.0, and λ = 1.0.

Basic development length ℓdh, in., of standard hooks in tension

fy 60,000 psi 80,000 psi 100,000 psi

Bar fc′ 3000 4000 5000 6000 8000 10,000 3000 4000 5000 6000 8000 10,000 3000 4000 5000 6000 8000 10,000
size db, in. psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi 8db, in.
#3 3/8 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.2 2.8 2.5 4.9 4.6 4.1 4.3 3.7 3.3 6.1 5.7 5.5 5.4 4.7 4.2 3
#4 1/2 5.6 5.3 5.1 5.0 4.3 3.9 7.5 7.0 6.3 6.6 5.7 5.1 9.4 8.8 8.5 8.3 7.2 6.4 4
#5 5/8 7.9 7.4 7.1 7.0 6.0 5.4 10.5 9.8 8.8 9.3 8.0 7.2 13.1 12.3 11.9 11.6 10.0 9.0 5
#6 3/4 10.3 9.7 9.4 9.1 7.9 7.1 13.8 12.9 11.6 12.2 10.6 9.4 17.2 16.2 15.6 15.2 13.2 11.8 6
#7 7/8 13.0 12.2 11.8 11.5 10.0 8.9 17.4 16.3 14.6 15.4 13.3 11.9 21.7 20.4 19.6 19.2 16.6 14.9 7
#8 1 15.9 14.9 14.4 14.1 12.2 10.9 21.2 19.9 17.8 18.8 16.3 14.5 26.6 24.9 24.0 23.5 20.3 18.2 8
#9 1.128 19.1 17.9 17.3 16.9 14.6 13.1 25.5 23.9 21.4 22.5 19.5 17.4 31.8 29.8 28.8 28.1 24.4 21.8 9
#10 1.27 22.8 21.4 20.6 20.2 17.5 15.6 30.4 28.5 25.5 26.9 23.3 20.8 38.0 35.7 34.3 33.6 29.1 26.0 10
#11 1.41 26.7 25.0 24.1 23.6 20.4 18.3 35.6 33.4 29.8 31.4 27.2 24.4 44.5 41.7 40.2 39.3 34.0 30.4 11
#14 1.693 35.1 32.9 31.7 31.0 26.9 24.0 46.8 43.9 39.3 41.4 35.8 32.0 58.5 54.9 52.9 51.7 44.8 40.1 14
#18 2.257 54.0 50.7 48.8 47.8 41.4 37.0 72.0 67.6 60.4 63.7 55.1 49.3 90.0 84.5 81.4 79.6 68.9 61.7 18

Note 1: To compute development length ℓdh* for a standard hook in tension, multiply basic development length ℓdh from table above by applicable modification factors. For ψe, ψr,
ψo, ψc, and λ values, refer to ACI 318-19 Table 25.4.3.2.

Note 2: Values of basic development length ℓdh above the heavy line are less than the minimum development length of 6 in. Development length ℓdh shall not be less than 8db, nor
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