Welcome to our

A2Z Vocabulary
Booklet series!

Vocabulary is a constant source of worry

and challenge. There has not been a one-
stop solution for it yet.
To solve this, the entire booklet has been
created keeping in mind the vastness and
unpredictability of the vocabulary asked in
our exams.
How to Use Your Vocabulary
Booklet Effectively

1
First Reading:
Start by reading only those words you’re already familiar with. Just
skim through and highlight them with a marker. (Start with a singe
letter first and then keep moving to the next)

Second Reading:

2
Now revisit the words from the first reading. In this round, also
include those words you’ve heard once or twice but don’t fully
understand. Try to guess their meaning before checking it as this
helps your brain engage. Start framing sentence by your own to
hone your language skills & to easily recall the words

Third Reading:

3
In this round, revise everything from the first & second readings.
Then, focus on the words that are completely new to you, the
ones you’ve never come across. These need the most attention,
so spend more time understanding & using them.
 Golden Rule:
Don’t Get Overwhelmed

The most important thing is don’t

panic when you see too many words.
Instead, fix a daily slot, even just 20–
30 minutes where you spend
focused time with your vocabulary
booklet.

The key is to connect words with

people around you like your friends,
family members, or real-life
situations. You can even make your
own sentences to relate words
better and remember them for long.
This technique makes them easy to
remember and much more fun to
learn.
As vocabulary is reduced , so are the number of feelings
you can express, the number of events you can describe,
the number of the things you can identify! Not only
understanding is limited, but also experience.
Man grows by language.
Whenever he limits language he retrogresses!

If you've neglected it or think of giving up too

soon, this is your wake-up call. It’s never too
late. Start now, stay consistent, and trust the
process. This booklet is enough! (provided
you stay committed).

And who knows? With regular practice, not

only will you ace vocabulary questions in
your exam… your friends might just start
calling you the next Shashi Tharoor. 😉

All the best!

 1

Alibi अन्यत्र उपिस्थत या बहाना Animosity शत्रुता

SYNO : shield , protection, excuse SYNO : hostility, detestation,

loathing, antipathy
She provided an alibi, stating she Animosity among team members
was at work during the theft can hinder productivity.

Abrogate रद्द करना Appraise मूल्यांकन करना

SYNO : repeal, reject, repudiate, SYNO : evaluate , assess, judge
revoke, rescind
The government decided to abrogate The manager appraised the
the old laws. employee's performance.

Apprise (of) सूचित करना Ascription श्रेय देना

SYNO : inform SYNO : attribution, reference

The teacher apprised the students The success of the team was
of the upcoming exam schedule. ascribed to their hard work.

Adamant िजद्दी Ablution शुद्धि

SYNO : stubborn, obstinate, SYNO : washing, cleansing,
inexorable purification
She was adamant about going on a She found ablution in reading
solo trip. books that made her feel peaceful.

Antagonist विरोधी, प्रतिद्वंदी Affection लगाव

SYNO : opponent, rival SYNO : penchant, liking

The antagonist tried to stop the hero She showed great affection for her
from succeeding little brother.

Adulation चापलूसी Avarice लालच

SYNO : flattery, sycophancy, SYNO : greed, voracious , rapacious
blandishment, obsequiousness
The celebrity received a lot of His excessive avarice led to his
adulation from her fans downfall.

Accrue जमा होना Assuage दुख को कम करना

SYNO : gather, accumulate, muster SYNO : placate ,propitiate,
tranquilise
He will accrue points by playing the The kind words helped to assuage
game every day. her sadness.
 2

Affable मिलनसार Adversity कठिनाई

SYNO : genial, friendly, amiable SYNO : misfortune, woes, mishap,

tragedy
The new teacher is very affable and She faced adversity with courage
listens to all students. and made it to the OTA.

Anticipate अपेक्षा करना Asphyxiating घुटन देने वाला

SYNO : hope SYNO : (prevent someone from
breathing ) , smother
CDS Journey anticipates great results The smoke in the room was
of their students. asphyxiating.

Adjourn स्थगित करना Allude इशारा करना

SYNO : postpone , put off, delay , SYNO : implied, hidden ( to say
defer something in an indirect way)
The class was adjourned until She alluded to her birthday without
tomorrow. saying the date.

Apprehend पकड़ना Assimilate अपनाना, मिल जाना

SYNO :arrest, catch, seize SYNO : comprehend, understand

The police apprehended the thief It takes time to assimilate into a

last night. new culture.

Antagonist विरोधी, प्रतिद्वंदी Arraign आरोपित करना

SYNO : opponent, rival SYNO : indict, accuse, inculpate

The antagonist tried to stop the hero The new student was arraigned for
from succeeding stealing money.

Aplomb आत्मविश्वास Aloof दूर-दराज़

SYNO : poise, self satisfaction, SYNO : distant, detached, alone
calmness, sangfroid
CDS Journey students gave the He stayed aloof during the party and
examination with great aplomb. didn’t talk to anyone

abdicate त्यागना Affectation दिखावा

SYNO : Resign, step down, SYNO : showoff, pretence
Relinquish, surrender, give
up, Renounce
Aspirants must never abdicate their His British accent was just an
focus, even in the face of repeated affectation in front of his friends.
failures.
 3

Apostate विश्वास त्यागने वाला Anomaly असामान्यता

SYNO : perfidious, disloyal, turncoat SYNO : peculiarity , abnormality ,

oddity
He was called an apostate after The sudden drop in temperature
leaving his religious group. was an anomaly for summer.

Abide पालन करना Abeyance रोक लगाना

SYNO : dwell (reside) , obey, comply SYNO : suspension , moratorium ,
quiescence
I can’t abide his rude behavior. The project is in abeyance until we
get approval.

Aftermath परिणाम Alacrity तत्परता

SYNO : repercussions, fallout, SYNO : eagerness, ardour, fervour,
corollary, result zeal, enthusiasm
In the aftermath of the Bengaluru The students in CDS Journey study
stampede, many people lost their lives with alacrity.

Articulate स्पष्ट Assault हमला

SYNO : eloquent , lucid, vivid, clear SYNO : attack, incursion, invasion

She is an articulate speaker who In response to the Pahalgam assault,

conveys her ideas clearly. India launched Operation Sindoor.

Attenuate कम / कमज़ोर करना Approbation प्रशंसा / समर्थन

SYNO : weaken, reduce, lessen , SYNO : approval, acceptance ,
diminish, impair recognition
Regular exercise helps attenuate The student received Anurag sir’s
stress and anxiety. approbation for his consistent
performance.

Arcane गुप्त, अज्ञात Attune सामंजस्य स्थापित करना

SYNO : secret, opaque, concealed, SYNO : coordinate , assimilate,
covert integrate
The ancient manuscript contained Attuning your mind to positive
arcane symbols that baffled the thoughts can improve your well-being.
historians
 4

At your wit’s end

Completely puzzled or overwhelmed

At the drop of a hat

Immediately and without hesitation

An arm and a leg

A very high cost

A dime a dozen
Something very common and not special
A blessing in disguise
An apparent misfortune that results in something good

A feather in one’s cap

An achievement to be proud of.
A wolf in sheep's clothing
A person who appears harmless but is actually dangerous

A flash in the pan

Something that initially shows great promise but fails to deliver

A dark horse
A person or thing whose abilities or potential are unknown

A red-letter day
a particularly significant, joyful, or memorable occasion.
 5

Agnostic One who is unsure whether God

exists

Anarchy Absence of government or law and

order, Anomie

Allegory A story, poem, or picture that

reveals a hidden political or moral meaning

Avicide Killing of birds

Aegis Protection, backing, or support of a

powerful person or institution.

Ad hoc formed or done for a particular

purpose, usually temporary

A priori Based on theory or reasoning rather

than observation or experience

Aficionado A passionate follower or expert in a

particular subject or hobby.

Apéritif A small alcoholic drink served before

a meal to stimulate the appetite.

Al fresco In the open air; used especially for

dining.
 6

Bewitch लुभाना Benediction मंगलकामना, कल्याण

SYNO : Allure, Tempt, Fascinating SYNO : Benison, Blessing

The magician’s performance The priest gave a benediction to the

bewitched the audience until the couple at the end of the ceremony.
very end.

Benevolent दयालु Benefactor दानदाता, परोपकारी

SYNO : Kind SYNO : helper, patron

The Benevolent old man before dying The generous benefactor donated
donated all his wealth to the NGO. books to the school library

Blister फफोला Bucolic ग्रामीण / देहाती

SYNO : Bleb, boil, pustule SYNO : Rural, Uncivilised, Bumpkin,

Oaf, Yokel, Countryside

During the training period, cadets Pahalgam offers a bucolic paradise

generally develop blisters on their to visit.
body.

Battered क्षतिग्रस्त Barbaric क्रू र / जंगली

SYNO : Destroyed, Damaged SYNO : Savage, Uncivilised, Rustic,

Uncouth
Launch of OP. Sindoor battered all The attack on pahalgam tourists is
the terrorist camps located in and seen as a barbaric act.
around Pakistan.

Baleful नुकसानदायक Bane श्राप

SYNO : Threatening SYNO : Destruction, Curse, Threat,

Intimidate, Extort
The police gave a baleful glance to Mosquitoes are the bane of summer
the rebellious crowd, forcing them to evenings.
surrender.

Blaze ज्वाला, लपट, चमकना Beckoned इशारा करना, संके त करना

SYNO : Fire, Inferno, Eruption, SYNO : Called, summon, signal, gesture

Conflagration
The city blazed with lights during The smell of freshly baked bread
the festival. beckoned me into the bakery

Boast डींग मारना Boisterous उधमी / कोलाहलपूर्ण

SYNO : Brag, Egotist, Swagger, SYNO : Noisy, Clamorous, Vociferous,

Exaggerate, Overstate Unruly, Obstreperous
She boasted about winning the The Boisterous students forced the
scholarship. teacher to impose strict punishment.
 7

Brisk फु र्तीला Buoyant हँसमुख

SYNO : Quick, energetic, animated, SYNO : Cheerful, Jubilant

vigorous
Upon waking, she began brisk She felt buoyant, full of joy after
walks to improve her fitness. hearing the news of RCB lifting the
IPL trophy.

Baffle हैरान करना Bizzare अजीब / विचित्र

SYNO : Bewilder, perplex, puzzle, SYNO : Outlandish, Absurd, Weird,

confound Atypical, Abnormal, Eccentric,
Ludicrous, Grotesque, Ridiculous,
The student baffled everyone with Uncommon, Preposterous
her exceptional performance. His bizarre hairstyle made everyone
notice him.

Belligerent झगड़ालू Beseech प्रार्थना / विनती करना

SYNO : Bellicose, Pugnacious, SYNO : Plead, Request, Entreat,

Quarrelsome, Choleric, Grouchy, Supplicate, Entreat, Implore
Contentious, Fractious, Peevish.
We saw a belligerent rise between He beseeched the judge to believe
India and Pakistan in May 2025 in his innocence.

Bashful संकोची Banal तुच्छ

SYNO : Shy, Coy, Diffident, Demure, SYNO : Commonplace, Boring, insipid,

Meek jejune, vapid, inane, ennui
The bashful child hid behind her As the movie plot was banal, most of
mother when strangers arrived the audience was found to be asleep
halfway through.

Brittle नाज़ुक Blithe जिंदादिल

SYNO : Fragile, Delicate, Frail, Weak SYNO : Sprightly, Cheerful, Exuberant,

Jaunty
Our bones grow more brittle with He attracted everyone with his blithe
age. spirit

Badger पीछा पड़ना, तंग करना Blandhishment खुशामद, चापलूसी

SYNO : Banter, Annoy, Irritate, Vex, SYNO : Obsequiousness, cajolery,

Heckle, Tease, Persecute, Gadfly wheedling, coaxing, allurement,
palaver, fawning.
She badgered her parents into
buying her a new bike. The student tried all his blandishments
so as to receive favor from his teacher.

Burgeon तेज़ी से बढ़ना Boisterous उधमी / कोलाहलपूर्ण

SYNO : Grow, Mushroom, Flourish, SYNO : Noisy, Clamorous, Vociferous,

Proliferate Unruly, Obstreperous
The demand for organic food is The Boisterous students forced the
starting to burgeon in India. teacher to impose strict punishment.
 8

Brash लज्जाहीन Beguile बहकाना,फु सलाना

SYNO : Brazen, Rude, Impudent, Saucy, SYNO : Deceive, Hoodwink, Swindle,

Insolent, Cheeky Bamboozle, delude
The brash students did not even feel The boy beguiled the girl by his
guilty for the mistake they made. promising words.

Bigoted कट्टरपंथी, हठी Belittle नीचा दिखाना

SYNO : Intolerant, Fanatic, Extremist, SYNO : Debase, Disparage, demean,

Chauvinist, Sectarian, Partisan, denigrate, ridicule, slander
Zealot
He was a bigot for he never accepted You shouldn’t belittle someone’s
people with different cultural efforts just because they failed once.
backgrounds,

Babble बड़बड़ाना Browbeat धौंस जमाना

SYNO : Chatter, Prattle, Gibber, Drivel, SYNO : To bully, Tease, Coerce,

Ramble, Chatter, Jabber Bludgeon, Intimidate

Upon seeing his mother, the toddler The witness was browbeaten into
began to happily babble in his crib. changing his statement.

Bawdy अश्लील, भद्दा Bipartisan द्विपक्षीय

SYNO : Corrupt, Licentious, Illegal, SYNO : Neutral, Non-aligned /

Ribald, Salacious, Nefarious, Supported by or involving two
Libidinous, Profane political parties.
The movie was full of bawdy jokes The bill was passed with bipartisan
not suitable for children. support from both major parties.

Brevity संक्षिप्तता Behemoth विशालकाय

SYNO : Brief, Short, Concision, SYNO : Huge, Enormous creature,

Succinct, Pithy titan, Juggernaut, Colossus
When you put forward your opinions Google has grown into a behemoth of
with brevity, people listen & respect the tech industry.
what you say.

Bumptious घमंडी Blasphemy ईश्वर का अपमान

SYNO : Haughty, Imperious, Supercilious, SYNO : Sacrilege, Profanity,
Fustian, Hauteur, Cocky, Irreverence, Impiety,
Presumptuous Desecration
The bumptious student kept
interrupting the teacher to show off His speech was considered blasphemy
his knowledge. by many religious leaders

Bewail दुख मनाना

SYNO : Regret, Mourn, Regret, Lament,

deplore, wail, cry over
Many poets bewail the loss of true
love in their writings.
 9

Bull in a china shop

A clumsy person in a delicate situation

Baker’s dozen
Thirteen items

Blow off steam

Release stress or anger

Bring home the bacon

To earn a living or succeed financially

Bury the hatchet

To reconcile and make peace

Break the ice

To ease tension and start a conversation

Bite the bullet

To face a tough or unpleasant situation bravely

Bend over backwards

try very hard to help/please someone, even though
it causes you trouble.

Blow hot & cold

Indecisive or inconsistent in behavior and actions

Blow by blow
giving all the details in the order in which they occurred
 10

Bevy large gathering or group of people

(often women or girls)

Beinnial Occurring every two years

Bohemian A person leading an unconventional

lifestyle, often artistic or free-spirited

Bellicose Inclined to fight; aggressively

hostile or warlike.

Bonafide Made or Carried out in good faith /

genuine

Bête noire A person or thing particularly

disliked

Bourgeois related to the middle class.

Blitz An intensive campaign or sudden

effort

Bonhomie Cheerful friendliness.

Bon mot A witty or clever remark

 11

Covenant समझौता Crude कच्चा, असभ्य

SYNO : Contract, Bond, Agreement SYNO : Unrefined, Primitive, Rough,

Raw, Blunt
India has signed a covenant recently Her crude behavior in the interview
with many countries to protect the cancelled her chances of selection.
environment.

Colossal बहुत विशाल Collusion मिलीभगत

SYNO : Mammoth, Behemoth, Gigantic, SYNO : Secret Agreement, Conspiracy,

Titanic, Gargantuan, Capacious Intrigue, Complicity, Connivance,
Plotting
The tourism sector suffered a The lady and her lover were accused
colossal loss during Covid times. of acting in collusion to kill her
husband.

Censure निंदा Cursory सरसरी

SYNO : Denigrate, Lambast, Pillory, SYNO : Quick and careless, Perfunctory,

Ridicule, Denounce, Reproach, Hasty, Superficial, Sketcy,
Condemn careless
A cursory reading is not enough to
He was censured by the school understand books based on
authorities for bunking the classes. science & logic.

Contemplation ध्यान, चिंतन Clandestine छिपा हुआ

SYNO : Meditation, Thoughtful, SYNO : Secret, Covert, Furtive, Sly,

Introspection, Reflection Latent, Surreptitious, Conceal,
Mysterious, Disguise
Many times I sit in contemplation The man continued to keep a
to understand the meaning of life. clandestine relationship with his
girlfriend even after getting married.

Candid सच्चा Culmination चरम बिंदु, अंतिम चरण

SYNO : Bold, Frank, Honest, Blunt, SYNO : Climax, Apex, Peak, Acme,
Forthright Apogee, Pinnacle, Zenith
He was candid about the mistakes he His recommendation in his last
made during his preparation journey attempt is a culmination of
dedication, persistence & discipline.

Cajole बहलाना Camouflage भेष बदलना

SYNO : Flatter, Persuade, Coax, SYNO : Conceal, Hide, Disguise,

Wheedle, Inveigle, Butter up Obscure, Veil, Cloaking
She cajoled her parents into letting The soldier wore camouflage to blend
her go on a night out with friends. in with the jungle.

Celebral ज्ञानात्मक Corroborate पुष्टि करना

SYNO : Scholarly, Eggheaded, Inkhorn, SYNO : Substantiate, Endorse, Justify,

Analytical Validate, Prove, Substantiate
One should try to initiate cerebral The student's statement that he had
conversation rather than discussing not cheated in the examination was
trivial matters. corroborated by his friends.
 12

योजना बनाना/गर्भधारण
Catharsis भावनात्मक शुद्धि, मनोमुक्ति Conceive करना

SYNO : Purgation, Evacuation, SYNO : Envision, Imagine, Think of,

Cleansing, Venting. Formulate
Writing in her diary was a form of After multiple failures, the student
catharsis for her conceived a plan to avoid repeating
his mistakes.

Chivalrous सज्जनता Consummate निपुण

SYNO : Gallant, Heroic, Courtesy, Valor, SYNO : Masterful, Accomplished,

Politeness Supreme, Adept, Exemplary,
Peerless
Opening the door for her was just an Anurag Sir is a consummate teacher,
act of chivalry, not superiority. admired by students from all walks of
life.

स्वास्थ्य लाभ
Capricious मौजी, सनकी Convalescence का समय

SYNO : Whimsical, Arbitrary, Vagarious, SYNO : Healing period, Rehabilitation,

Unpredictable, Fickle, Erratic Recuperation

The child rested at home during his

Toddlers are known to be capricious convalescence from chickenpox so
- calm one moment, violent the next. that others would not get infected.

Cantankerous चिड़चिड़ा Cavort उत्साहपूर्वक उछलना-कू दना

SYNO : Quarrelsome, Belligerent, SYNO : Jump/Dance, Frolic, Prance,
Crabby, Grumpy, Grouchy, Gambol, Revel
Cranky.
Grandparents often become Upon seeing her results, the girl
cantankerous with age, arguing over cavorted like a little child.
the smallest things.

Crafty चतुर, चालबाज़ Chimerical काल्पनिक,असंभव

SYNO : Very Clever, Cunning, Canny, SYNO : Imaginary, Illusory, Utopian,

Willy, Cheat, Sly, Foxy, Shrewd, Absurd
Devious
She used a crafty excuse in front of She was lost in chimerical thoughts
the teacher to avoid attending the of a perfect love life, untouched by
boring class. any struggles.

Consternation घबराहट Callous कठोर

SYNO : Nervousness, Dismay, worry, SYNO : Merciless, Ruthless, Cold-

Dismay, Overstrung,Trepidation, hearted, insensitive
Bewilderment, Apprehension
The sudden announcement of the The callous father didn’t support his
cancellation of Air India flights filled child even in times of utmost need.
the passengers with consternation.

Concocted मनगढ़ंत बनाना Congenial मिलनसार

SYNO : Doubtful, Dubious, (Cock & Bull SYNO : Compatible, Amiable, Sociable
Story)
The boy concocted a clever excuse in She found the office environment
front of Anurag sir to avoid doing his very congenial to her working style.
homework.
 13

Carouse जश्न मनाना Clement नरमदिल, दयालु

SYNO : Cheerful, Lively, Cordial, Revel, SYNO : Mild, merciful, Soft-hearted,
Booze, Drink heavily, Gentle
Roister,Frolic
The troops caroused after taking The man's clement behavior
control of an important mountain impressed the girl, making her feel
peak. safe in his presence.

Capitulate झुक जाना Chafe चिढ़ना/परेशान होना

SYNO : surrender, Succumb, Concede, SYNO : Vex, Irritate, grind / Rub a part of
Give in, Yield, Bow down the body to restore.

After hours of interrogation, she His new shoe chafed his toe after
capitulated and confessed to wearing it all day.
murdering her husband.

Captive बंदी, कै दी Coerce ज़बरदस्ती कराना

SYNO : Caged, hostage, inmate, SYNO : Compel, Intimidate, Threaten

confined, enslaved, held,
restrained
He was coerced by his parents into
She felt like a captive in her own taking the science stream, even
home due to constant restrictions though his interest lay in literature.

Cardinal मुख्य, मूलभूत Complacent आत्मसंतुष्ट

SYNO : Vital, essential, Pivotal, Basic SYNO : Self-satisfied, Smug,
Unbothered, Overconfident.

The cardinal foundation of the forces Don’t become complacent just

is to protect our motherland. because you’ve cleared the written
exam — the SSB still awaits you.

Caress सहलाना Condescending घमंडी

SYNO : adore, Embrace, Pet, Fondle, Pat SYNO : arrogant, highfalutin,
patronizing, snooty, Conceited,
Snobbish, haughty, Supercilious
We all love the way our mothers Students generally find it difficult to
caress our heads to help us fall open up in front of condescending
asleep. teachers.

Carnal शारीरिक Celibate ब्रह्मचारी

SYNO : Sensual, Fleshly, Erotic, Lustful SYNO : Abstinent, Chaste, Pure, Monk

People today chase carnal pleasures At an early age, the boy chose to live a
more than spiritual connection. celibate life, devoting himself to
spiritual practice.
 14

Carry the can

to take the blame or responsibility for something.

Cry wolf
Raise a false alarm repeatedly, so that no one believes
you when something really happens.

Cook someone’s goose

To ruin someone’s plans or chances.

Cast in stone
Fixed and unchangeable.

Clutch at straws
To try any possible solution in desperation, no matter
how unlikely it is to succeed.

Caught between a rock and a hard place

Faced with two equally undesirable options

Cross that bridge when you come to it

Deal with a problem only when it arises, not before

Cut the Gordian knot

to solve a complex problem in a bold, decisive way

Come home to roost

When past actions or mistakes return to cause trouble

Cast aspersions
To make derogatory or critical remarks; to question
someone’s reputation.
 15

Cannibal One who eats human flesh

Conciliation The action of stopping someone

being angry

Chauffeur a person whose job is to drive a car

for somebody else

Circumlocution the use of too many words to express

something; a long, complicated, indirect way of
speaking or writing, Equivocation, Evasion

Curator One who is in charge of museum

Cachet
Prestige or a mark of distinction

Connoisseur An expert in matters of taste

(especially in art, wine, etc.)

Camaraderie A spirit of friendship and trust

among people.

Carte blanche Complete freedom to act as one

wishes

Chutzpah shameless boldness or audacity

 16

Debacle हार या विफलता Dulcet मधुर

SYNO : Degeneration, Decay, Downfall, SYNO : Pleasant (Voice), Mellifluous,

Decline, fiasco, wreck Euphonious, Sweet, mellow
The government’s freebie-driven The dulcet sound of the flute filled
policies turned into a debacle the hall with peace.
because of poor planning

Dissent असहमति / मतभेद Dubious संदिग्ध

SYNO : Disagree, protest, contentious, SYNO : Doubtful, Ambiguous, Skeptical,
petulant, peevish, Untrustworthy
Nonconformity
Dissent is essential in a healthy I’m dubious about whether his love is
democracy. real or just beautifully spoken words.

Dissolute चरित्रहीन Derision हँसी उड़ाना

SYNO : Immoral, Licentious, Corrupt, SYNO : Ridicule, Mockery, Insult, Scorn,

Profligate, Debauced, Self- Contempt, Disdain, Sneering
Indulgent
Her parents were worried that her The poor man’s dreams were treated
new friends might lead her into a with derision by society.
dissolute life.

Doltish मूर्खतापूर्ण Delude भ्रमित करना

SYNO : Foolish, Simpleton, Inane, SYNO : Deception, Devious, Cheat,

Insane, dull-witted, silly Bluff
His doltish comments made everyone Don’t delude yourself into thinking
stop taking him seriously. she will change.

Dexterity कु शलता Despondent निराश/हताश

SYNO : Adroitness, Expertise, SYNO : Dejected, Sad, forlorn, gloomy,

Efficiency, Proficiency, downcast, miserable
Nimbleness
During any airplane malfunction, the She was despondent after failing the
pilot's dexterity is of utmost exam despite her hard work.
importance.

Decrepitude जर्जरता Dearth अभाव

SYNO : Feebleness, Weakness, SYNO : Scarcity, Lack, Deprived, Devoid,

Debilitate, Senility, Frailty Scarce, Scanty, Paucity, Meagre,
Exiguous
The old man was in a state of There is a dearth of clean drinking
decrepitude, barely able to walk water in metropolitan cities like
without help. Bangalore.

Decimated तबाह Docile आज्ञाकारी

SYNO : Destroyed, Battered, Ramshackled, SYNO : Meek, Gentle, Tame, Compliant,
Dilapidated (used for buildings), Malleable Submissive, Servile,
Annihilated, Ravaged Subservient
COVID-19 decimated several The dog was surprisingly docile,
industries, especially tourism and even around strangers.
hospitality.
 17

Dissuade रोकना/मना करना Descrate धार्मिक स्थल या चीज़ का

अनादर करना

SYNO : Deter, Warn against, Talk out SYNO : Defile, Violate, Profane,
of, Oppose, discourage Dishonor, Blaspheme, Taint
No one could dissuade me from Burning the national flag is seen as an
pursuing my dream of joining the act of desecrating a symbol of unity.
forces.

Digress विषय से भटक जाना Deplore निंदा करना, अफसोस करना

SYNO : Deviate, Wander, Ramble, Stray SYNO : Condemn, Regret, Lament,

Criticize, Denounce, Mourn
The teacher began talking about Mahatma Gandhi deplored all forms
physics, but soon digressed into his of violence and discrimination.
college memories

Daunt डराना, मनोबल तोड़ना Demure विनम्र, शर्मीली

SYNO : Threaten, discourage, Unnerve, SYNO : Modest, Shy, Reserved, Meek,

Deter, Demoralize, Intimidate Timid, diffident
Don't feel daunted by the uncertainty Beneath her demure appearance was
of competitive exams – hard work a personality full of confidence and
always pays off. clarity.

Dwindle घट जाना Demagogue भावनाओं से खेलने

वाला नेता

SYNO : Decrease, Deplete, Diminish, SYNO : Manipulative leader, Agitator,

Shrink, erode Rabble-rouser, Instigator
Even after 30 years of being together, Pakistan’s politics is often driven by
I never saw his love for me dwindle. demagogues, resulting in a never-
ending cycle of economic crisis.

Devout निष्ठावान Delinquennt बाल अपराधी/लापरवाह

SYNO : Pious, Spiritual, Committed, SYNO : Lawbreaker, offender,

Religious, faithful wrongdoer/ Negligent, careless,
overdue
She is a devout follower of Lord Shiva The Indian Army is helping
and never misses a Monday fast. delinquents from the Kashmir valley
return to school and society.

Diabolical शैतानी Defiant विरोधी

SYNO : Evil. Fiendish, Sinister, SYNO : Disobedient, Rebellious, Bold,

Malicious, Vicious Resistant, Unyielding

The villain came up with a diabolical Protesters stood defiant in front of

plan to destroy the entire city. the police, demanding justice.

Detest घृणा करना Deference सम्मान, आदर

SYNO : Hate, Despise, Denounce SYNO : Regard, Obedience, Yielding,

Courtesy, Reverence

Anurag Sir detests students who The soldiers bowed their heads in
choose excuses over sincere effort. deference to the fallen heroes.
 18

Defer टालना Draconian कठोर / निर्दयी

SYNO : Postpone/Delay SYNO : Severe, Stringent, Oppressive,
Cruel
During the monsoon, many flights The military regime in Pakistan
are deferred due to bad weather. introduced draconian laws that
curtailed basic civil liberties.

Defile अपवित्र करना Dispassionate निष्पक्ष, निःस्वार्थ

SYNO : Pollute, Taint, Corrupt, SYNO : Unbiased, Neutral, Objective,

Desecrate Calm, Rational, Impartial
River Ganga is being defiled due to A true officer must remain
the lack of civic sense among dispassionate while making critical
tourists. battlefield decisions.

Dunce मूर्ख Doppelgänger समान दिखने वाला व्यक्ति

SYNO :: Fool, Blockhead, Dimwit, Slow

SYNO SYNO : A look-alike or double of a living
learner, Simpleton person, Clone
Endless scrolling of reels is turning The spy used a doppelgänger to
even the brightest minds into dunces. confuse enemy agents.

Dogma कट्टर विश्वास Disquietude बेचैनी

बेचैनी

SYNO :: Doctrine, Belief system, Creed,

SYNO SYNO : Anxiety, Unease, Restlessness,
Ideology, Tenet Distress
Religious dogmas can sometimes The recent security threats have
become barriers to progressive caused widespread disquietude
reform. among the citizens.

Deft कु शल, चतुर Deracinated जड़ों से उखड़ा हुआ

SYNO:: Skillful, Adroit, Dexterous,
SYNO SYNO : Uprooted, Displaced, Alienated,
Nimble, Clever Rootless, Estranged
Para SF soldiers are exceptionally Long deployments at high altitudes
deft at jungle survival and guerrilla can make soldiers feel deracinated
tactics. and emotionally detached.

Disparate असमान, बिल्कु ल भिन्न Deleterious हानिकारक

SYNO :: Different, Dissimilar, Unalike,
SYNO SYNO : Detrimental, Destructive,
Contrasting, Diverse, Adverse, Injurious, Pernicious
Incongruent
CDS aspirants come from disparate Excessive screen time has
backgrounds, yet they unite with a deleterious effects on your mental
common goal of serving the nation. health.
 19

Dead ringer
An exact look-alike or duplicate.

Draw a blank
Fail to get an answer or result; forget something

Dash cold water on

to discourage or ruin someone’s excitement or plans

Die is cast
A decision has been made and there’s no turning
back.
Drop a clanger
Make an embarrassing or tactless mistake.

Drag one’s feet

To delay or be deliberately slow in doing something

Dangle a carrot
To offer a reward to persuade someone to do something

Drive a wedge between

To cause conflict or distance between two parties.

Don the mantle (of)

To take on responsibility or assume a role (often of
leadership)
Deliver the goods
To do what is expected or promised; to succeed.
 20

Dilettante A person who takes up an art or subject

just for amusement and without serious intent.

Despot A ruler who holds absolute power,

often using it oppressively

Diatribe A forceful and bitter verbal attack

against someone or something

Dissembler A person who hides their real

feelings or intentions.

Deipnosophist A person skilled in intelligent and

witty dinner conversation

Déjà vu The feeling that you’ve already experienced

something, even though it’s happening for the first time.

Defenestration The act of throwing someone out of a

window/ dismissal of someone from power

Détente A relaxing or easing of tension,

especially in international relations.

De jure By law; legally recognized, whether

or not it reflects the reality.

Dies irae Refers to a day of judgment or

reckoning,
 21

किसी भावना या कल्पना

Evoke को जगाना Elegy शोकगीत

SYNO : Call forth, to bring in mind, SYNO : a mournful poem or song,

Elicit, Trigger lament, dirge, threnody,
The national anthem played during The poet wrote an elegy for his late
the POP evokes a deep sense of mother.
patriotism.

Encomium प्रशंसा,सराहना Emancipate आज़ाद करना

SYNO : Eulogy, To praise, Panegyrise, SYNO : free, liberate, manumit, release

Exhort, Exalt, Commendation
The academy’s wall of honour is a Education can emancipate people
silent encomium to those who made from poverty.
the supreme sacrifice.

कल्पना करना, योजना

Envisage बनाना Emaciate कमज़ोर करना

SYNO : Visualize, Imagine, Foresee, SYNO : macerate, waste, enfeeble,

Anticipate, weaken
Daily upon waking up, I envisage The prisoner's body was emaciated
myself in uniform, leading men on after years of malnutrition.
the battlefield

Effrontery बेशर्मी EXTRAVAGANT फिजूलखर्च

SYNO : Rudeness, Impudence, SYNO : Wasteful, Spendthrift, Lavish,
Impertinence, Insolence, over-the-top, flamboyant.
Presumption
It takes unimaginable effrontery to An extravagant lifestyle often leads
question the chain of command in a to financial instability, especially
military setup without proper planning

Elusive पकड़ में न आने वाला EFFECT प्रभाव / असर

SYNO : Confusing, Baffling, Perplexing, SYNO : Aftermath, Result,

Evasive, Fleeting, Indefinable Repercussion, Ramification,
Consequence
The terrorist group remained elusive, The war’s effect on civilian life is
frequently shifting locations to avoid irreversible and long-lasting.
intelligence surveillance.

Exodus लोगों का एक साथ पलायन ELUDE पकड़ में न आना

SYNO : Mass Departure, Diaspora, SYNO : Avoid, Evade, Dodge, Evade,

Migration, Evacuation, Retreat flee, bypass, Escape
The lockdown led to an Success will continue to elude
unprecedented exodus of migrant those who ignore discipline and
workers from urban to rural India. consistency in preparation.

Eavesdropper छिप कर बातें सुनने वाला ESCHEW परहेज़ करना

Dismiss, Reject, Despise,
SYNO : snooper, spy, listener, SYNO : abstain from, renounce, steer
She didn’t realize her little brother clear of
was an eavesdropper, listening to her Responsible journalism must
private phone call from behind the eschew the pursuit of TRP gains and
door. focus on facts
 22

Ephemeral क्षणिक EXPLICIT स्पष्ट

SYNO : Short-lived, temporary, brief, SYNO : Clear, Explain, unambiguous,
momentary, transitory, fleeting outspoken, blunt
The officer gave explicit
Fame earned through social media is instructions to avoid any
often ephemeral and lacks lasting miscommunication during the
impact. operation.

किसी की तरह बनने की

EMULATE कोशिश करना
ERUDITE विद्वान / अत्यंत ज्ञानी

SYNO : Copy, Imitate, Mirror, Replicate SYNO : Scholarly, Cerebral, Inkhorn,

Eggheaded, Academic
He worked hard to emulate the Shashi Tharoor has erudite views on
confidence and clarity of his idol in history, diplomacy, and
real-life situations.. constitutional values.

EXPEDITIOUS शीघ्र ESTRANGED दूर हो जाना

SYNO : Prompt and efficient, Separated, Alienated,
SYNO : Sequestered,
Expediate, Accelerate, Rapid detached,
isolated.
With the deadline approaching, I After years of silence, the estranged
had to complete the task in an siblings finally spoke at their father’s
expeditious manner. funeral.

बहुत चिढ़ाना या गुस्सा

EXASPERATE ENSUE परिणामस्वरूप होना
दिलाना
SYNO : irritate, annoy, enrage, SYNO : follow, result, arise, occur,
infuriate, provoke, madden. develop, succeed, stem.

My partner is so calm that even my When India and Pakistan clashed on

constant interruptions don’t seem to the border, panic ensued among the
exasperate him. local population.

EXONERATE दोषमुक्त करना / बरी करना EQUIVOCAL अस्पष्ट, संदिग्ध

SYNO : Acquit, absolve, clear, vindicate,

pardon, discharge. SYNO : ambiguous, unclear, vague,
uncertain, misleading, dubious

In India, flaws in the legal system often His equivocal words & actions never
lead to even the culprits of heinous gave me the confidence to believe in
crimes being exonerated. the sincerity of his love.

मानसिक शांतता, धैर्य, समभाव रहस्य, पहेली

EQUIANIMITY ENIGMA
composure, calmness, mystery, puzzle, riddle,
SYNO : serenity, tranquility, poise, SYNO : conundrum, paradox
self-control
A true officer is one who handles Despite years of research, the
pressure with equanimity, no matter Bermuda Triangle remains an enigma
how intense the situation becomes. to scientists and sailors alike.

Embezzle गबन करना Eccentric सनक, अजीब

Misappropriate, defraud, steal, Unconventional, quirky,
SYNO : siphon, pilfer SYNO : peculiar, odd, bizarre

The minister was caught embezzling His eccentric choice of wearing

government funds meant for soldier Western clothes at a traditional event
welfare. left everyone surprised.
 23

प्रवासी / प्रवास करने वाला

Emigrant Exhilarate उत्साहित करना
expatriate, migrant, evacuee,
SYNO : refugee SYNO : Excite, elate, uplift, thrill,
energize
Due to the ongoing Iran-Israel clash, Sitting on my first flight and watching
many emigrants have returned to India it take off was such an exhilarating
seeking safety experience — one I’ll never forget.

Egregious बहुत ही खराब, घोर Eminent प्रतिष्ठित, प्रख्यात, विख्यात

2

SYNO : Shocking, outrageous, blatant, SYNO : Distinguished, renowned,

flagrant, atrocious prominent, celebrated, notable
The student was suspended due to his Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla’s
egregious behavior that disrupted the hard work and dedication have made
entire institute’s environment. him an eminent personality today.

कु छ खास लोगों द्वारा ही एक-एक करके गिनाना

Esoteric समझा जाने वाला Enumerate
SYNO : Obscure, cryptic, arcane,
mysterious, recondite, SYNO : List, count, itemize, detail,
specify, recite
abstruse
The officer asked me to enumerate all
To me, Geography was full of the reasons for my interest in joining
esoteric terms and theories—until the forces.
Anurag sir simplified them all.

Exacerbate और ज़्यादा खराब कर देना Enervate कमज़ोर कर देना

SYNO : worsen, aggravate, intensify,
inflame, escalate SYNO : weaken, exhaust, drain, sap,
debilitate

Speaking harshly during a conflict Lack of proper sleep can enervate

usually exacerbates the tension. both body and mind.

अप्रस्तुत, तत्क्षण,
Extempore बिना तैयारी के Ebullient उत्साही, उमंग से भरा
Impromptu, spontaneous,
SYNO : offhand, unrehearsed SYNO : Enthusiastic, exuberant, high-
spirited, lively
Even though my speech was Recommended or not, appearing in
extempore, it still left everyone the SSB is an ebullient experience
impressed. everyone should go through.

अचानक हुआ कोई अहम बोध या

Epiphany Epithet विशेषण या उपाधि
समझ

SYNO : Realization, insight, revelation,

awakening, enlightenment SYNO : Title, label, tag, designation

When my beloved left me, I had an Neeraj Chopra has earned the epithet
epiphany — that I couldn't survive of ‘Golden Boy’ after his Olympic
without him. medal
 24

Eat humble pie

To admit your mistake and apologize

Enter the fray

To join an argument, fight, or competition.

Every man Jack

everyone without exceptions/ Each or all.

Every cloud has a silver lining

There is always hope or something good in difficult times

Eyes are bigger than the stomach

To take more than one can handle (usually responsibilities)

Elephant in the room

A big issue that no one wants to talk about

Empty suit
A person with a high position or title but no real
ability or substance.

Eat like a bird

To eat very little

Earn one’s stripes

To prove one’s worth through experience and hard work

Eat the frog

identifying your most difficult task of the day and
completing it before you do any other work

Edge one’s bets

To reduce risk by supporting multiple possibilities or taking
partial measures.
 25

Euphemism a mild, polite, or indirect word or

phrase used instead of a harsher or more offensive one.

Etymology Study of origin of words

Euthanasia act of mercy killing

(death by will)
Entomology Study of insects

Epitaph Word written on tomb

Entente A diplomatic understanding or

informal agreement between countries

Ennui feeling of boredom or listlessness

due to lack of excitement or occupation

Ersatz A substitute or imitation, usually

of lower quality.

Embargo An official ban on trade or

commercial activity with a specific country or entity

Ecclesiastical Relating to the church or clergy

 26

Famished बहुत भूखा / भूख से बेहाल Fanatic कट्टर समर्थक / अंधभक्त / जुनूनी
Starving, ravenous, empty,
SYNO : SYNO :Extremist, zealot, enthusiast,
hungry maniac, radical
After Anurag Sir’s 12-hour
Religious fanatics often ignore
marathon session, all the students
logic and spread hate.
were left absolutely famished.

Fastidious अत्यधिक सजग, आसानी से संतुष्ट नहीं Fatuous मूर्खतापूर्ण, बेवकू फ़ी भरा
Meticulous, fussy, picky, Silly, Foolish, Obtuse,
SYNO : SYNO :
particular, perfectionist Dunce, Ignorance
Due to my father's fastidious It’s often our fatuous actions that
nature, it’s nearly impossible to damage the most precious gifts of
please him. interpersonal relationships.

Feign बहाना करना, दिखावा करना Fidelity निष्ठा, वफ़ादारी

SYNO : pretend, fake, simulate, SYNO : loyalty, faithfulness,

bluff, act devotion, allegiance
We all have that 1 friend whose In today’s world full of duplicity, I
entire personality is nothing but a feel genuinely grateful for my
feign — built on lies and show-off. partner’s fidelity.

Flabbergasted अचंभित, हैरान Flair स्वाभाविक प्रतिभा, खास अन्दाज़

SYNO :
astonished, stunned, SYNO :Talent, knack, aptitude, gift,
dumbfounded, amazed panache
When I finally saw him after a year of Each one of us has a flair for
just talking, his personality left me
flabbergasted & I couldn’t help but fall
something; we just need to
for him. discover it and nurture it.

Flimsy कमजोर, हल्का, टिकाऊ नहीं Fortify मज़बूत करना

SYNO : weak, fragile, delicate, SYNO : reinforce, secure, toughen,

feeble, unsubstantial brace, strengthen
Today, the love between partners is Regular revision is the only way to
so flimsy that it breaks with the fortify your CDS preparation.
very first argument.

Frugal मितव्ययी, खर्च में सधा हुआ FIASCO नाकामी, भारी विफलता

SYNO : Thrifty, economical, prudent, SYNO : Failure, Downfall,

sparing, penny-wise Debacle, catastrophe
My father is so frugal, he believes Any night out or trip I plan with my
even worn-out clothes still have friends usually ends in a fiasco.
value Imitate, counterfeit, fabricate, falsify

Foment भड़काना, उकसाना FACILE सतही, गहराई के बिना

SYNO : Instigate, Provoke, Infuriate, SYNO : Superficial, Shallow

Incite, Embroil, Egg on
Her reason to join the forces was
The extremist group tries to foment too facile and thus failed to
unrest and brainwash the youth in convince the assessors.
the Valley region.
 27

FRACTIOUS झगड़ालू / चिड़चिड़ा FORGE बनाना (Bonds) / नक़ल करना

SYNO : Irritable, quarrelsome, unruly, SYNO : Build, form, develop, /
bad-tempered Imitate, counterfeit, fabricate,
As a teenager, even a simple ‘no’ to He got caught red-handed while
hanging out with friends would forging his friend’s assignments
make me fractious.

FINICKY बारीकियों में उलझने वाला FLEETING क्षणिक / अल्पकालिक

SYNO : Difficult to please, Fastidiousness, SYNO : Transient, Temporary,

Fussy, Dinty, Choosy Ephemeral, Evanescent
My dad is so finicky about food that My time at CDS Journey, though
even a little extra spice bothers four months long, felt like a fleeting
him. moment.

FLAGRANT जानबूझकर किया गया घोर अपराध FELICITOUS उपयुक्त / सुंदर / सटीक
Blatant, shameless, brazen,
SYNO : SYNO : Appropriate, Relevant, Related,
egregious, open violation Apt, Germane, Pertinent
Indian government condemned the Using a felicitous example during the
flagrant violation of ceasefire by lecturette by me left a strong
Pakistan forces. impression on the GTO.

FORTUITOUS सौभाग्य से हुआ FECUND उपजाऊ / बहुत उत्पादक

SYNO : Accidental, lucky, SYNO : Fertile, productive, creative,

serendipitous rich, prolific
Anurag Sir’s fecund approach to
The discovery of penicillin was
learning and teaching has been the
completely fortuitous but changed the
driving force behind countless
world of medicine forever.
selections.

Furtive चोरी-छिपे / गुप्त रूप से Facetious मज़ाकिया (गंभीर स्थिति में भी)

SYNO : Secretive, sneaky, sly, SYNO : Flippant, joking, sarcastic,

stealthy, covert unserious
Any furtive behavior by students inside He made a facetious remark during
the CDS Journey campus is dealt with the meeting, which didn’t go down
strict consequences well with the seniors.

Fustian दिखावटी भाषा Flagitious दुष्ट, क्रू र

SYNO : Bombast, pomposity, SYNO : shockingly cruel or violent;

grandiloquence, verbosity. wicked
Some friends tries to sound intellectual
by using fustian language, but there's The dictator’s flagitious acts were
no real depth in them. condemned by international courts.

Farrago मिश्रण / उलझा हुआ घालमेल Flummox हैरान-परेशान कर देना

Confuse, puzzle, baffle,
SYNO : Mixture, jumble, mess SYNO :
bewilder, stump
The response from Pakistan’s defence Differentiation in maths always left
minister after Op. Sindoor was a farrago me flummoxed.
of denial, distortion, and empty claims
 28

Foible छोटी कमजोरी / हल्की खामी Flout अवहेलना करना

Weakness, flaw, quirk,
SYNO : SYNO :Defy, disobey, disregard, violate
imperfection, shortcoming
Pakistan continues to flout human
Self-discipline means working on
rights norms, ignoring global
your foibles instead of making
pressure and criticism.
excuses.

Futile व्यर्थ / निष्फल / बेकार Forlorn उदास / निराश / अके ला

Sad, lonely, dejected,
SYNO : ineffective, hopeless, vain SYNO :
abandoned, hopeless
It feels futile to explain my side Since my brother passed away, I’ve
when no one wants to listen. never been able to get over the forlorn
feeling.

Fetid दुर्गंधयुक्त / बदबूदार Fervid उत्साही / जोशीला

SYNO : Foul, stinking, putrid, rancid, SYNO : Intense, zealous, fiery

reeking
It was my fervid passion to serve in
My friend stayed so dirty that when
uniform that helped me rise after
he passed by, a fetid smell followed
every failure.
him.

Feat कारनामा / वीरता भरा कार्य Fad अल्पकालिक फै शन

SYNO : accomplishment, triumph, SYNO : Craze, trend, hype,

milestone obsession
The Gaganyaan mission, scheduled The trend of pencil jeans was just a
for 2026, is going to be a great feat fad, no one wants it back
for India

Flux लगातार बदलाव Fulminate ज़ोरदार विरोध करना

SYNO : uncertainty, fluctuation, SYNO : Rage, denounce, explode

change, transition
The security situation in the The officer fulminated against the
Kashmir region remains in flux, lazy cadets for their lack of
with no clear resolution in sight discipline.

Fickle अस्थिर स्वभाव वाला Flinching सहम जाना / चौंक जाना

SYNO : changeable, unstable, SYNO : Wincing, Cringing, Recoiling

capricious, unreliable
During the POP, the cadets stood
"A fickle mindset weakens your still — not flinching even once. A
preparation, consistency is the real true mark of discipline and training.
key to success.
 29

Flash in the pan

Short-lived success

From the horse's mouth

Directly from the source

Full of beans
Full of energy, Enthusiasm

Fly off the handle

Lose temper suddenly, get angry

Face the music

Accept the consequences

Foot in mouth
Say something embarrassing or tactless.

Flog a dead horse

Waste time trying to change a hopeless situation.

French leave
absence from work or duty without permission

Fork in the Road

A critical decision point

Flesh and blood

Basic human nature (or literal family)
 30

Factotum A “do-everything” person;

one who handles many tasks.

Fratricide Act or person of killing

one's brother or sister

Foundling An infant that has been abandoned

by its parents and is discovered
and cared for by others.

Fable a short story, typically with animals

as characters, conveying a moral

Freelance working independently, not as a

long-term employee, typically taking
on temporary projects or clients

Fait accompli A decision or action that has already

happened and cannot be reversed.

Faux pas A social blunder or tactless mistake

Farouche Sullen or socially awkward

Fadaise a silly talk.

Furlough A temporary leave of absence from work,

especially in military or civil service.
 31

Gaudy भड़कीला / चमकीला Gregarious मिलनसार / सामाजिक

SYNO : Flashy, garish, tacky SYNO : Sociable, extroverted,

friendly
The gaudy colors of her dress made His gregarious nature made
her stand out awkwardly at the everyone fall for him.
formal dinner.
10

Grapple जूझना / संघर्ष करना Glum उदास / मायूस

SYNO : Gloomy, Morose, dejected,

10

SYNO : Struggle, wrestle, contend

sullen
She grappled with self-doubt His glum mood vanished the
before the SSB interview, but her moment his lover surprised him
preparation paid off! after months apart.

Grave गंभीर/कब्र Gargantaun विशाल / अतिविशाल)

SYNO : Serious, solemn, or critical. SYNO : Colossal, massive, gigantic

My father's grave reaction in The gargantuan load of homework

between the joke made me realize left the CDSJourney students
how angry he was. completely drained.

Grumble बड़बड़ाना / शिकायत Germane संगत / प्रासंगिक

SYNO : Complain, mutter, whine SYNO : Relevant, pertinent,

applicable
Super 100 students grumble about During interviews, focus on germane
extra study sessions but discipline life experiences to keep your answers
wins as they hit the books. concise and impactful.

Guile छल / धूर्तता Goad उकसाना / प्रेरक

SYNO : Cunning, deceit, craftiness, SYNO : Nag, prod, spur, pressure
artful
My strict gym trainer constantly
Guile may win short-term, but goads me about maintaining a good
honesty wins long-term diet—no cheat days allowed!"

Grotesque विचित्र / विकृ त Gauche अशिष्ट / भद्दा

SYNO :Hideous, distorted, freakish SYNO : Tactless, clumsy, uncouth

"Some actors have had so much

cosmetic surgery that their faces His never-ending lies and gauche
now look grotesque. attempts to manipulate others
made him lose credibility in life.

Gimmick चाल / तरकी Gratify संतुष्ट करना / खुश करना

SYNO : Stunt, trick, ploy, gadget SYNO : Delight, satisfy, indulge,

fulfill
Flashy ‘overnight success’ ads are Finally, RCB winning the IPL trophy
gimmicks. Consistency in revision gratified their fans after years of
and mock tests wins UPSC battles. hard work and heartbreaks.
 32

Garrulous बहुत बोलने वाला Ghastly भयानक, घिनौना

SYNO : Talkative, loquacious, SYNO : Grisly, gruesome, macabre,
verbose, voluble lurid, horrific, Ill, Pale
If you’re too garrulous, people The ghost story was so ghastly that
gradually stop taking you seriously. nobody could sleep after hearing it

चिकनी-चुपड़ी बातें करना,

Glib बिना गहराई के
Gambit रणनीतिक पहल, चाल,
चाल, रणनीतिक पहल

SYNO : Superficial, slick, smooth- SYNO : Strategy, maneuver, ploy,

talking, facile tactic, calculated move
After every blunder, he used glib Chess players often sacrifice
talk to cover his incompetence with pawns as a gambit for long-term
smooth excuses. advantage.

सार्वजनिक स्थानों पर बनाई गई

Graffiti कलाकृ ति या लेख Glee खुशी, उल्लास, मस्ती

SYNO : shield , Street art, wall SYNO : happiness, merriment,

writing, scribble jubilation
The graffiti under the metro bridge His face lit up with pure glee when
turned a dull wall into a vibrant story he finally saw his beloved after six
months of painful long-distance.

Gumption साहस, समझदारी Gnome बौना, छोटा सजावटी पुतला

SYNO : Initiative, shrewdness, guts SYNO : Dwarf, goblin, figurine, elf

It takes real gumption to quit a Fantasy novels like Harry Potter

stable job and chase your passion. feature gnomes as mischievous
creatures.

कष्टदायी व्यक्ति, सवालों से

Gadfly परेशान करने वाला
Genial मिलनसार, सुखद
SYNO : Provocateur, nuisance, pest, SYNO : Friendly, cheerful, affable,
critic, irritant cordial, warm
Every class has that one gadfly who The genial nature of my beloved
questions every single thing. made me fall for him.

Glower तिरछी नज़र से देखना Glare घूरना, कड़ी नज़र

SYNO : Scowl, glare, frown, stare SYNO : Scowl, stare, dazzle,
angrily, scowl shine, glower
My father's glowering silence was Anurag Sir’s deadly glare shut down
scarier than his shouting. the boisterous class faster than a
‘silent mode’ reminder

Gruesome भयानक, डरावना, रक्तरंजित Grandiose भव्य, आडंबरपूर्ण

SYNO : ghastly, macabre, grisly, SYNO : Pompous, extravagant,

grotesque overambitious, ostentatious
Gruesome hate crimes challenge His grandiose plan to cover the
India’s constitutional morality and rule entire syllabus in one week failed
of law. miserably.
 33

Gainsay खंडन करना, इनकार करनi Gentry उच्च मध्यम वर्ग

SYNO : Deny, contradict, dispute, SYNO : Elite, aristocracy, nobility,
refute, oppose upper class
No one can gainsay the critical role The British gentry in colonial India
of sleep in maintaining mental enjoyed privileges denied to locals.
health

Grisly भयानक, डरावना, खूनी Gossamer बहुत पतला और हल्का, नाजुक

SYNO : Gruesome, horrifying, macabre, SYNO : Delicate, filmy, sheer, ethereal,

ghastly fine
The Pahalgam terror attack was a I promise daily to wake up at 5 AM
grisly act that shocked the entire but my willpower is gossamer.
nation.

Gamut पूरा दायरा, विस्तृत श्रृंखला Groggy सुस्त, चक्कर खाया हुआ
SYNO : Range, spectrum, scope, SYNO : Dazed, sluggish, woozy,
breadth, variety bleary, half-awake
RCB fans experienced the full gamut of If you don't sleep well the night before,
emotions when their team finally lifted you'll feel groggy and tired during the
the trophy after years of wait. exam.

Gastronomy भोजन विज्ञान Gibberish बकवास, अस्पष्ट भाषण

SYNO : Culinary art, food science, SYNO : Nonsense, babble, gobbledygook,
gourmet cooking drivel, mumbo-jumbo

French gastronomy is famous for Politicians often hide behind

its cheeses and wines gibberish to avoid straight answers

Gingerly सावधानी से, संभलकर Gnarled टेढ़ा-मेढ़ा, वक्र, गाँठदार

SYNO : Cautiously, carefully, SYNO : Twisted, knotty, and rough,

delicately, warily, tentatively often due to age or hardship
It is advised to fill your OMR sheets His gnarled hands revealed years of
gingerly hard labor in the fields

Gorge गहरी घाटी / लालच से खाना Gustatory स्वाद संबंधी

SYNO : Ravine, canyon, / overeat, SYNO : Taste-related, flavorful,
devour, stuff oneself palatal, savory
At the mess hall, cadets often gorge Every spoonful of dessert sends my
on meals after morning drill gustatory senses into euphoria.
sessions.
 34

Go down in flames
Experience a complete & utter failure.
S
hort-lived success

Gallow Humor
jokes or humorous remarks made about death / dark humor

Get cold feet

Become hesitant or afraid at the last moment.

Get the ball rolling

Start an activity or process.

The game is up
a dishonest plan that has been discovered & will no longer be allowed to continue

Get a sheepskin
Getting a degree or diploma

Get on someone’s nerves

To irritate, grate on, or exasperate one

Get the axe

to be fired or ended abruptly.

Get your feet wet

gaining first experience of something.

Gift of the gab

Speaking in a persuasive and interesting way.
 35

Genocide Killing of a large group of people

Grunt The sound of Camels

Glutton a person who eats

too much

Gibber The sound of Monkeys

Gerontology Study of various aspects

of ageing

Gens de letter Literary man, scholars, writers,

and intellectuals.

Gusto enjoyment and enthusiasm

in doing something

Genteel old-fashioned, typical of a high social

class, or very polite, gentle, or graceful.

Gaffe a social or diplomatic blunder

which causes embarrassment .

Gourmand A person who enjoys eating

and drinking excessively
 36

Henchman चमचा, विश्वासपात्र सहायक Holocaust विनाश, सर्वनाश

SYNO : Sidekick, crony, lackey, SYNO : Genocide, annihilation,

minion, accomplice massacre, devastation, carnage
The police arrested the criminal Hitler's Holocaust killed millions of
minister along with several of his innocent Jews in concentration camps
henchmen. during World War II

Huddle जल्दबाज़ी में इकट्ठा होना Heckle तंग करना, टोकना

SYNO : Cluster, gather, crowd, SYNO : Tease, taunt, interrupt, jeer,

bunch, converge harass
It was so cold that we huddled True confidence lies in handling
together for warmth hecklers with grace, not
suppression.

Halcyon शांतिपूर्ण, शांत और सुखद Homily उपदेश, धार्मिक शिक्षा, नैतिक प्रवचन
SYNO : Tranquil, serene, peaceful, SYNO : Sermon, lecture, moral talk,
idyllic, blissful preaching, discourse
Monsoons bring back halcyon days Anurag Sir’s homily on character &
of rain, chai, and pakoras - pure integrity reminded students that true
happiness. leadership begins with honesty.

Hybrid संकरित, मिश्रित Hindmost सबसे पीछे का, अंतिम

SYNO : Mixed, crossbred, composite, SYNO : Last, rearmost, final, tail-end,

blended, amalgamated During CDSE prep, you may feel like the
Modern English is a hybrid, with hindmost (last) at times, but remember
vocabulary borrowed from Latin, —consistency is the bridge between
French, German, and others. struggle and success.

Hasten जल्दी करना Hazy धुंधला, अस्पष्ट, अनिश्चित

SYNO : Accelerate, rush, hurry, SYNO : Foggy, blurry, vague,

expedite, quicken unclear, indistinct
She hastened to reach the station as In the SSB interview, hazy pictures are
she was going to see her beloved after shown to evaluate candidates’
six long months. perception.

Humdrum नीरस, उबाऊ, एकरस Hypocritical पाखंडी, ढोंगी, मिथ्याचारी

SYNO : Dull, monotonous, repetitive SYNO : Two-faced, insincere,

deceitful, pretentious, phony
Feeling tired of the humdrum in her
corporate job, the girl decided to t’s hypocritical to preach about
appear for the CDS exam. loyalty while cheating on your
partner.

Harrowing दर्दनाक, भयावह Harangue भाषणबाज़ी, लंबा-चौड़ा उपदेश

SYNO : Distressing, traumatic, SYNO : Tirade, rant, lecture,

agonizing, terrifying, diatribe, declamation
The survivor of the Ahmedabad My father harangued me for
plane crash shared harrowing wasting time on my phone instead
details of the incident, of studying for CDS.
 37

hibernate निष्क्रिय रहना hoax झूठी अफवाह, धोखा, फर्जीवाड़ा

SYNO : Sleep, dormant, inactive, SYNO : Fake, fraud, deception,

estivate prank, scam
Bears hibernate in caves during Forwarding hoax messages without
winter to save energy. checking facts spreads panic.

heathen असभ्य helm संचालन, पतवार, नेतृत्व

SYNO : Pagan, infidel, unbeliever, SYNO :

Leadership, command,
heretic, idolater control, rudder, steer
Calling someone a heathen just She took the helm of the company
because they don’t share your and doubled its profits in a year
beliefs is intolerant

Haughty घमंडी, अभिमानी Haven शरणस्थली, सुरक्षित जगह

SYNO : Arrogant, proud, snobbish, SYNO : Sanctuary, refuge, shelter,
disdainful, supercilious oasis, retreat
The boy became haughty after clearing The library was her quiet haven
the examination and then destiny made
him get merit out
during college chaos

Hone तेज़ करना, सुधारना Haggle मोलभाव / सौदेबाज़ी करना

SYNO : Sharpen, refine, perfect, SYNO : Bargain, negotiate, barter,

polish, improve wrangle, dicker
Traveling helps you hone your My mom haggled with the vendor to
organizing abilities. get veggies at half the price!

Hermetic वायुरुद्ध, हवाबंद, अत्यंत गोपनीय Hypocrisy पाखंड, ढोंग

SYNO : Airtight, sealed, impervious, SYNO : Pretense, duplicity,

isolated, occult, recondite insincerity, double standards
He entered the hermetic world of He lectures about honesty but
the monastery at a young age cheats in exams—such a hypocrite

Hapless बदकिस्मत, अभागा Hallowed पवित्र, पूजनीय, पावन

SYNO : Unfortunate, luckless, SYNO : Sacred, holy, consecrated,

wretched, doomed revered, sanctified
The hapless team kept losing matches Soldiers defended the hallowed
despite their hard work until they memory of war heroes.
finally won the tournament

Hyperbole अतिशयोक्ति, बढ़ा चढ़ाकर कहना Halt रुकना, ठहराव, विराम

SYNO : Exaggeration, overstatement, SYNO : Stop, pause, cease,

embellishment, magnification standstill, freeze
Ads use hyperbole like 'best Security forces were ordered to
product ever!' to grab attention. halt their advance along the border
at dawn.
 38

Hoodwink धोखा देना Haggard थका हुआ, दुबला-पतला

SYNO : Deceive, trick, bamboozle SYNO : Gaunt, weary, drained,
emaciated, careworn
The woman tried to hoodwink After weeks of sleepless nights
everyone by acting as a saint. during exams, her face looked
haggard and pale.

Herculean अत्यंत कठिन Hale स्वस्थ और तंदुरुस्त

SYNO : Monumental, Formidable, SYNO : robust, vigorous, fit, strong
Colossal, Gargantuan
Initially, clearing the written exam Despite her age, Shilpa Shetty
appeared to be a herculean task to looks so hale.
me

Hysteria अत्यधिक उत्तेजना Hinterland अंदरूनी इलाका

SYNO : Panic, frenzy, madness, SYNO : interior, rural area, outback
delirium, agitation
The students explored the remote
The false news of the death of the
hinterland beyond the mountains.
famous actor caused hysteria in the
crowd.

Hypochondriac रोगभ्रमी Humility विनम्रता, दीनता

SYNO : Health-obsessed, worrywart, SYNO : Modesty, meekness,
valetudinarian humbleness.
My uncle is a hypochondriac who Despite his success, he accepted
panics over every minor headache the award with humility

HERALD घोषणा करने वाला Hackneyed घिसा-पिटा, साधारण

SYNO : Announcer, messenger, SYNO : Cliched, Trite, Banal,

forerunner, precursor Overworked
The launch of Agni-5 missile heralds a The hackneyed plot of the film
new era in India's strategic defence made it predictable, despite its star
capabilities. cast.

Hauteur घमंड, अभिमान, उच्चभाव Hiatus अंतराल, विराम

SYNO : Arrogance, disdain, Break, gap, pause,
SYNO :
snobbery, superiority interruption
The company’s CEO hauteur nature After 12th grade, I took a one-year
made employees nervous to hiatus before joining college.
approach her.
 39

Hit the sack/hay

to sleep

holy cow
exclamation expressing surprise, shock, or astonishment

hang by a thread
very precarious or unstable situation.

hard and fast

rules that are strictly defined, fixed, and are not flexible

High and dry

situations where someone is left stranded or abandoned

Hammer & tongs

to do something, especially to argue, with a lot of energy

hornet’s nest
situation full of problems or difficulties, causing disputes

Hand to mouth
living with just enough money to meet immediate needs, no savings

Hot potato
a controversial or sensitive topic that people avoid discussing

hot air
empty, exaggerated talk or writing
 40

Hamlet A community of people smaller than a

village.

Horde A large group of people

Heretic A person who acts against

religion

Highbrow A person of intellectual or

erudite tastes

Homicide Killing of one person by

another

Hubris Excessive pride leading to downfall

Helter‑skelter In a hurried, disorderly, or chaotic

manner.

Harbinger A sign of something to come.

Hiraeth A deep longing for home

Hedonism Pursuit of pleasure

 41

Irascible चिड़चिड़ा Ignominious शरमिदा करने वाला

SYNO : quick‑tempered, choleric SYNO : disgraceful, inglorious,

opprobrious
His irascible boss shouted angrily After the scandal, his ignominious exit
during the meeting, unsettling the from the company shocked everyone
entire team. deeply.

Idolatry मूर्तिपूजा ill - bred अशिक्षित, असभ्य

SYNO : idol worship, excessive SYNO : uncouth, rude, boorish

devotion
Their idolatry of fame led them to Her ill‑bred behavior during the
sacrifice personal values and ceremony embarrassed everyone
relationships. present at the event.

Illicit अवैध, गैरकानूनी Imitate नक़ल करना

SYNO : prohibited, unauthorized, SYNO : mimic, emulate, ape,

taboo, illegal simulate
The journalist exposed an illicit She tried to imitate her favorite
scheme involving corporate bribery teacher’s tone during every class
and tax evasion presentation.

Immaculate निर्मल, बेदाग, शुद्ध Immigrant अप्रवासी, परदेशी, प्रवासी

SYNO : pristine, flawless, SYNO : newcomer, settler, incomer
impeccable
The museum’s immaculate gallery The immigrant family bravely
impressed visitors with its spotless, rebuilt their lives in a completely
pristine displays. unfamiliar country.

Impersonate रूप धारण करना Impertinent अभद्र, असंगत

SYNO : imitate, mimic, personate, SYNO : impudent, insolent,

masquerade irrelevant
The scammer impersonated a bank The impertinent intern asked
officer, tricking clients into irrelevant questions that annoyed both
revealing passwords. team and manager greatly.

Impervious अप्रभावित, अभेद्य, अछू ता Imposter पाखंडी, ढोंगी

SYNO : impermeable, impenetrable, SYNO : charlatan, fake, fraud,

unaffected, immune hoaxer, faker
Even after harsh criticism, she The imposter posed as a charity
remained impervious to volunteer, misleading donors for
discouragement. personal gain.

Impoverished कं गाल, आर्थिक रूप से नष्ट Impromptu बिना तैयारी के

SYNO : destitute, indigent, SYNO : unrehearsed, spontaneous,

poverty‑stricken, needy extemporaneous
The impoverished family struggled They held an impromptu picnic at
daily for food, shelter, and basic the park when rain unexpectedly
necessities. cleared.
 42

Improvident अदूरदर्शी, अपव्ययी Imprudent उद्धत / अविवेकपूर्ण

SYNO : ill‑considered, ill‑judged, SYNO : ill‑advised, indiscreet, rash

shortsighted, careless
His improvident spending on gadgets It was imprudent to invest all
drained the family’s future savings savings without proper research
entirely and planning.

Impulse आवेग, उत्तेजना, प्रेरणा Impunity दण्ड से मुक्ति

SYNO : urge, instinct, compulsion, SYNO : immunity, freedom from

spur, motive penalty
She bought the gadget on impulse The corrupt official continued to
without thinking about its cost at abuse power with impunity,
all. avoiding any legal consequences.

Inadvertent बेपरवाह, अनियोजित Incapacitate अक्षम करना, असमर्थ बनाना

SYNO : accidental, unintentional, SYNO : handicap, render helpless

unintended
His inadvertent negligence caused “The accident incapacitated her for
confidential data to leak without several weeks.
warning.

Inception आरंभ, शुरुआत, स्थापना Incessant अनवरत, निरंतर, अविराम

SYNO : origin, outset, start SYNO : ceaseless, constant,

unceasing, perpetual
The foundation has expanded since Her incessant phone notifications
its inception, impacting thousands interrupted every meeting and
across the community. annoyed everyone deeply.
असभ्यता, सामाजिक शिष्टाचार
Incivism Inclement तूफानी, कठोर
की अनदेखी
SYNO : discourtesy, rudeness, SYNO : stormy, severe, harsh
disrespect
Persistent incivism in public The festival was canceled due to
spaces degrades community spirit inclement weather, disappointing
and mutual respect all eager attendees.

स्थायी, ऐसा जो मिटाया या

Itinerant भ्रमणशील या घुमन्तु Indelible भुलाया न जा सके
SYNO : peripatetic, roving, SYNO :lasting, enduring, unerasable
wandering
The itinerant musician travelled His generosity made an indelible
from town to town, enchanting impression on every member of
audiences nightly. that remote village.

Indignation क्रोध, रोष, नाराज़गी Indolent आलसी, सुस्त

righteous anger, outrage, sluggish, slothful, idle,
SYNO : SYNO :
resentment, ire, lethargic
Public indignation erupted after The indolent student neglected
the government announced unjust assignments and repeatedly
increase in fare without warning. missed his school deadlines.
 43

Inept अकु शल, अयोग्य Inevitable अनिवार्य, अपरिहार्य, अटल

SYNO : incompetent, awkward, SYNO : certain, inescapable,

clumsy, feckless predetermined, inexorable
The manager’s inept handling of After rigorous efforts, her promotion
the project's deadline frustrated felt inevitable, given her consistent
the entire team. outstanding performance.

Infamous कु ख्यात Infatuation आसक्ति, प्रेमांधता, दीवानगी

SYNO : notorious, ill‑famed, SYNO : crush, puppy love,

disreputable, odious obsession, fascination
The dictator’s infamous crimes Her sudden infatuation with the
stained the nation’s history for celebrity faded after a few weeks.
generations to come.

किसी को इतना गुस्सा दिलाना कि

Infuriate Ingratiate चेष्टा देकर दूसरों का विश्वास या
वह तनाव में आ जाए प्रसाद हासिल करना
SYNO : enrage, anger, incense, SYNO : curry favor, flatter, cozy up,
exasperate, outrage suck up
The manager’s unfair criticism She tried to ingratiate herself with
infuriated the team and lowered the boss by offering daily
overall productivity. compliments.

Inhibit रोक लगाना, बाधा डालना Innocuous हानि न करने वाला

SYNO : restrain, prevent, suppress, SYNO : harmless, inoffensive,

impede unobjectionable, safe
: Excessive shyness can inhibit His innocuous answer at the
students from speaking meeting avoided controversy and
confidently in class discussions. eased tensions.

Insidious घातक, कपटी Insipid फीका, बेस्वाद, रुचिही

SYNO : stealthy, surreptitious, SYNO : bland, tasteless, flat, vapid,
pernicious, treacherous uninteresting
The insidious rumor spread quietly, The keynote speech was insipid,
damaging reputations before its failing to engage or inspire any of
falsehood emerged. the attendees.

Intrepid निर्भय, निडर, साहसी Invidious द्वेषजनक, अपमानजनक

SYNO : fearless, dauntless, SYNO : resentful, discriminatory,

courageous, bold, audacious offensive, unfair, prejudicial
The intrepid journalist covered The manager’s invidious comparisons
conflict zones bravely, risking between teams undermined trust and
provoked resentment.
safety to report truth.
 44

In ones and twos

Scarce, inadequate and not enough

In the soup
If someone or something is in the soup, they are in trouble.

It takes two to tango

When you want to emphasize that both people involved in a difficult
situation must accept the blame

In the red / in dutch

being in debt or operating at a loss

In the groove
Performing very well, excellent; also, in fashion, up-to-date.

itching palm
A desire for money, greed; also, wanting a bribe ( to desire money greedily)

In dire straits
in a very bad or difficult situation.

in the nick of time

just in time or at the precise moment.

in the teeth of
denotes undertaking something despite direct opposition or facing head-on
challenges.

Iron fists
used in reference to the exercise of power in an oppressive or ruthless way.
 45

Iconoclast a person who strongly opposes

generally accepted beliefs and traditions.

Imperialism extending power and dominion, especially

by direct territorial acquisition or by
gaining political and economic control of other areas.

Infanticide the killing of a newborn child

infirmary a place where sick people stay and are cared

for in a school, prison

Intruder a person who is not welcome or wanted in a

place;
a person who enters a place illegally.

In toto as a whole totally or completely.

Idee fixe a belief that someone refuses to change

their mind about, even though it may be wrong

Ipso facto by the fact itself", used in philosophy, law,

and science to indicate a direct
consequence or effect.

Ibidem in the same place

In lieu of instead of
 46

Jabber बकबक करना, बड़बड़ाना Jaunt सैर करना

SYNO : chatter, babble, prattle, SYNO : excursion, outing, trip,

gabble, gab pleasure trip
The toddler began to jabber They enjoyed a weekend jaunt to
excitedly about her new toy to the countryside to relax and
everyone. recharge.

Jauntily आत्मविश्वासी और जीवंत अंदाज में Jeopardy खतरा, जोखिम, संकट

SYNO :merrily, briskly, confidently SYNO : danger, risk, peril, hazard,
endangerment
He walked jauntily into the interview Financial mismanagement placed the
room, projecting confidence and calm company in jeopardy, threatening jobs
cheer. and investor confidence.

Jovial आनन्दित Jubilant हर्षित, प्रफु ल्लित

SYNO : cheerful, merry, jolly, SYNO : joyful, elated, ecstatic,

mirthful, blithe exultant, overjoyed
At the reunion, his jovial laughter The crowd felt jubilant after the
lifted everyone's spirits and underdog team won the
warmed hearts. championship.

Jocularly मज़ाक में Jiggle धीरे-धीरे इधर-उधर हिलना

SYNO : humorously, playfully, SYNO : wobble, quiver, fidget,

jokingly, teasingly chuggle
The professor jocularly teased the If the door won't open, try jiggling
class, making complex topics the key in the lock.
enjoyable and lighthearted.

Jocund प्रसन्नचित्त, हँसमुख Jest मज़ाक, परिहास

SYNO : Cheerful, merry, jolly, SYNO : Joke, quip, banter,

lighthearted, joyful witticism, gag
Her jocund laughter brightened the He made a rude comment in jest but
mood of the entire gathering. later apologized sincerely.

ताना मारना, चिढ़ाना / मेल खाना,

Jig जोशीला नृत्य, थिरकन Jibe संगत होना
SYNO : lively dance, hop, skip, SYNO : taunt, mock, deride,
coincide, agree, fit
The children danced a lively jig His explanation didn’t jibe with
around the bonfire, full of joyful actual facts, so suspicion quickly
energy. grew.

वर्ग‑बोली, शब्दजाल,
Judicious विवेकपूर्ण, समझदारी भरा Jargon विशेष शब्दावली
SYNO : Wise, sensible, prudent, SYNO : argot, cant, lingo, patois
thoughtful, rational, sagacious
Legal jargon made official documents
She made a judicious decision to almost incomprehensible to ordinary
invest in long-term assets. citizens unfamiliar with terms.
 47

Janitor दरबान, चौकीदार Jostle धक्का-मुक्की करना

custodian, caretaker,
SYNO : SYNO : Bump, shove, push, elbow,
cleaner, porter
scramble
The janitor quietly cleaned school
corridors at night, ensuring classrooms Commuters jostled each other to
were ready next morning. board the overcrowded morning
train.

अंधराष्ट्रवाद या आक्रामक
Jester मसखरा, विदूषक Jingoism देशभक्ति
Clown, fool, joker, Extreme patriotism, chauvinism,
SYNO : SYNO :
comedian, entertainer belligerent patriotism

The royal jester entertained the His speech was full of jingoism,
king with jokes and funny antics. urging war over peaceful dialogue.

Jerky झटके दार, असमसंग Juggernaut अजेय शक्ति, विनाशकारी बल

SYNO : spasmodic, choppy, SYNO :

Overpowering force,
unsteady, abrupt behemoth, powerhouse
Her jerky motions during the The tech company became a
presentation distracted the audience juggernaut, crushing all smaller
and disrupted understanding. competitors swiftly.

Jackleg कौशलहीन, अपरिपक्व, फ़र्जी Jeer उपहास करना, ताना मारना

SYNO :amateur, untrained, dishonest, SYNO : Mock, taunt, ridicule, scoff,

makeshift, unscrupulous sneer
The jackleg mechanic repaired the The audience began to jeer when
engine poorly, leading to further the speaker fumbled repeatedly.
breakdowns within days.

लंबी, गहरी और दुःखपूर्ण

Jeremiad शिकायत या आलोचना Jejune भोंदू, फीका, बंधुआ, बचकाना

SYNO : lamentation, complaint, SYNO : banal, insipid, vapid, flat,

diatribe, harangue, tirade puerile
The editorial was a jeremiad The professor’s jejune remarks
against corruption in local failed to engage students, making
governance, warning citizens. discussion uninspiring and dull.

Juncture मोड़/समय/परिस्थिति Jaded थका-मांदा, ऊबा हुआ

SYNO :
crossroads, turning point, SYNO : Weary, bored, tired,
pivotal moment exhausted, disenchanted
At this critical juncture, the She felt jaded after months of
company must decide whether to working without a break.
expand or consolidate.
घुड़सवार (दौड़ का), चालाकी से
Jarred धक्का लगना / खटकना Jockey काबू पाना या स्थान पाना
SYNO : shocked, disturbed, jolted, SYNO : Rider, maneuver, navigate,
unsettled compete, strategize
The unexpected criticism jarred The candidates jockeyed for
him deeply, making him question position in the heated political
his own judgment. debate.
 48

Jury is out
used to say that something has not yet been decided or has not
yet become clear

Jumping down one’s throat

To suddenly scold or criticize someone harshly and unexpectedly

Junda kiss
an act of betrayal, especially one disguised as a gesture of
friendship.

Jaundiced eye
To view someone or something in a negative or uncharitable light that
has been informed by past experiences.

Jail bird
Jailbird is a casual and derogatory term for a convicted criminal,
especially one who's been in and out of jail several times.

Jumped the gun

to do something too soon, especially without thinking
carefully about it

Jack of all trades master of none

used in reference to a person who has dabbled in many skills, rather
than gaining expertise by focusing on only one.

jumping in with both feet

to fully commit to something without hesitation or reservation. It
implies taking immediate and enthusiastic action without holding back.

Jump out of one’s skin

,to say that someone is suddenly surprised or frightened very much by
something

Jam on your face

to describe a situation where someone has a clear sign or evidence of
guilt or wrongdoing.
 49

Juvenile Young or youthful; relating to young

people or animals

Juxtapose To place side by side for comparison or

contrast

Jinx A person or thing that brings bad luck; a

curse or spell of misfortune

Juggler used metaphorically for someone

managing multiple tasks or situations
efficiently.

Jurisprudence The theory or philosophy of law; the

science or study of law

junta A military or political group that rules a

country after seizing power, often by force

Jettison To throw or discard something, especially

from a ship or aircraft, to lighten the load

Je ne sais quoi A substitute or imitation, usually of lower

quality.

Jeu d'esprit A witty or clever remark, joke, or literary

composition

Jawohl An enthusiastic German expression meaning

"yes" or "absolutely,"
 50

Keen उत्सुक, तीव्र, तेज Kinship पारिवारिक संबंध

SYNO : Eager, sharp, intense, SYNO : Relationship, connection,

perceptive affinity, bond
She has a keen interest in Despite cultural differences, they
international affairs and defense felt a strong kinship through shared
strategy. values.

Kiosk छोटा स्टॉल या बूथ Knack निपुणता, स्वाभाविक कौशल

SYNO : Stall, booth, stand, counter SYNO : Skill, talent, ability,

aptitude, flair
He bought a newspaper from the She has a knack for solving
kiosk near the railway station. complex problems with simple
methods.

Knave बेईमान, छल-कपट Knell मृत्यु-सूचक घंटी, दुखद संके त

SYNO : Rogue, scoundrel, SYNO : Toll, omen, signal, warning,

trickster, villain death knell
When Sriya broke her spine, she knew
The knave tricked villagers with the injury was the knell that
false promises and vanished represented the end of her skating
overnight. career.

Kiln भट्ठी, मिट्टी या ईंटें पकाने की भट्टी Kindred समान प्रकृ ति का, संबंधी

SYNO : Furnace, oven, burner, SYNO : Related, similar, akin, allied

heater
"The kiln reached a temperature of They shared kindred passions for
1000 degrees Celsius." music, art, and ancient literature.

Kibosh रोक लगाना Kith मित्र और रिश्तेदार

SYNO : Halt, stop, block, end, SYNO : Friends, acquaintances, kin,

suppress companions
The sudden rainstorm put the He invited all his kith and kin to the
kibosh on our picnic plans. wedding ceremony.

Kickback रिश्वत, कमीशन Kindle जलाना, प्रेरित करना

Bribe, payoff, illicit
SYNO : SYNO : Ignite, spark, arouse, inspire,
commission inflame
The contractor was arrested for The teacher’s words kindled a
receiving kickbacks in the passion for science in her students.
government deal.
 51

Kink दोष, झटका, मोड़ Kempt साफ़-सुथरा, सलीके दार

SYNO : Twist, curl, flaw, bend, SYNO : Neat, tidy, well-groomed,

quirk orderly, trim
There was a kink in the cable that He always appeared kempt, with
disrupted the signal. polished shoes and a crisp uniform.

Kicky आकर्षक, फै शनेबल Keel नाव या जहाज़ का आधार

SYNO : Lively, trendy, energetic, SYNO : Structural base of a ship or

jazzy to fall over
She wore a kicky outfit that turned The boat began to keel over as
heads at the party. strong winds rocked the harbor.

Knuckle रगड़ना / मलना Knightly शूरवीर जैसा, वीरतापूर्ण

SYNO : Rub, press, scrape, grind, SYNO : Chivalrous, noble, gallant,

knead courageous
She knuckled the stain on the He displayed knightly behavior by
shirt but it wouldn't come off. defending the weak without seeking
reward.

Kinetic गतिशील Keepsake स्मृति चिह्न, यादगार वस्तु

SYNO : Moving, active, dynamic SYNO : Memento, souvenir, token,

reminder, relic
The dancer’s kinetic performance She kept the old locket as a
mesmerized the audience with precious keepsake from her
fluid, powerful movements. grandmother.

Knead गूंथना, मसलना Knobbed टेढ़ा-मेढ़ा

SYNO :Massage, mix, squeeze, fold SYNO : Bumpy, lumpy, knotted,

uneven, nodular
She began to knead the dough until The old tree’s knobbed trunk made
it turned soft and smooth. it difficult to carve initials.

अत्यधिक गर्व और प्रसन्नता

Kvell महसूस करना Knoll छोटी गोल पहाड़ी, टीला

SYNO : Rejoice, beam with pride, SYNO : Hillock, mound, rise, hump
exult
Her parents couldn't help but kvell They set up their picnic on a grassy
when she topped the CDS exam. knoll overlooking the valley.
 52

Kiss the dust

To fall face down or be defeated; to die or be humbled

Kicking heels
Waiting around doing nothing

Kick the bucket

Die

Keep wolf away from the door

Keep away hunger or poverty

Kick up a row
Make a loud, noisy argument or disturbance

Kangaroo court
An unfair, illegitimate court or trial that ignores justice and
due process.
Keep body and soul together
Survive; manage to live with basic necessities

Know which way the wind blows

to understand or anticipate how a situation is likely to
develop
Keep your eye on the ball
Stay focused on the important task or objective

Keep a stiff upper lip

Remain brave and composed in difficult or stressful
situations.
 53

Kleptomania a recurrent urge to steal, typically without

regard for need or profit.

Kaleidoscopic having complex patterns of colours,

made up of a complex mix of elements

Kernel the central or most important part

of something

a government established and maintained by

Kratocracy those with the strength or power to seize and
hold control, often through force or cunning

Kennel a small shelter for a dog

Kamikaze Japanese aircraft loaded with explosives and

making a deliberate suicidal crash on an enemy
target

Klutz a clumsy, awkward, or foolish person

Kafkaesque a situation that is bizarre, oppressive, or

nightmarishly complex, especially one involving
illogical bureaucracy, loss of control, or futility

Art, objects, or design that are considered to be in

Kitsch poor taste because of excessive garishness,
sentimentality, or cheapness — yet they are often
appreciated in a funny, nostalgic, or ironic way.

Kibitz To offer unsolicited advice or comments,

especially in a casual or meddling way; to chat or
banter.
 54

Lethargic सुस्त, आलसी, निःसाह Litigious मुकदमेबाज़, झगड़ालू

Sluggish, lazy, drowsy, Quarrelsome,

SYNO : SYNO :
inactive, listless argumentative, combative,
contentious, lawsuit-prone
He felt lethargic after staying up all
night for the exam. The litigious neighbor filed complaints
over even the smallest disturbances.

Lucid स्पष्ट, साफ़, सहज समझने योग्य Ludicrous बेहूदा, हास्यास्पद, बेतुका

SYNO : Clear, coherent, intelligible, SYNO : Absurd, ridiculous,

articulate, transparent preposterous, laughable, silly
Her explanation was so lucid that The idea of flying pigs sounded
everyone understood the concept utterly ludicrous to the children.
instantly.

Loquacious बहुत बोलने वाला, बातूनी Literal शाब्दिक

SYNO : Talkative, chatty, verbose, SYNO : Exact, word-for-word,

garrulous, wordy factual, strict, precise
The loquacious host kept the He took her joke in a literal sense
audience engaged with endless and got confused.
amusing stories.

Laconic संक्षिप्त, अल्पभाषी Licentious अनैतिक

SYNO : Brief, concise, terse, SYNOImmoral,

: dissolute, debauched,
succinct, reticent lewd, unrestrained
His laconic reply showed The ruler was infamous for his
disinterest in continuing the cruel and licentious lifestyle.
conversation further.

Lament शोक प्रकट करना Liberal उदार, खुला विचारों वाला

SYNO : Mourn, grieve, wail, bemoan, SYNO : Generous, open-minded,

regret tolerant, progressive
People gathered to lament the Her liberal views often clashed with
loss of their beloved leader. the community’s conservative
mindset.

Laud प्रशंसा करना Levity हल्कापन, फू हड़ मज़ाक

SYNO : Praise, applaud, commend, SYNO : Lightness, frivolity,

extol, glorify humor, silliness, flippancy
The soldier was lauded for his
His levity during the serious meeting
bravery during the rescue mission. annoyed the senior officials.

Legacy विरासत, धरोहर Legible पढ़ने योग्य, स्पष्ट लिखा हुआ

SYNO :
Inheritance, heritage, bequest,
SYNO : decipherable,
tradition, endowment understandable, distinct
He worked hard to leave a strong Her handwriting was neat and
legacy for future generations. perfectly legible on every page.
 55

Lush हरा-भरा, घना और समृद्ध Luciferous प्रकाश देने वाला, ज्ञानवर्धक

SYNO : Luxuriant, rich, verdant, SYNO : Illuminating, enlightening,

thriving, abundant radiant, shining
They hiked through lush green The professor’s luciferous lecture
forests filled with chirping birds. clarified several complex
philosophical concepts.

विषादपूर्ण, अत्यधिक दुखी

Libel बदनामी करना Lugubrious
दिखाई देने वाला
SYNO : Defamation, slander SYNO :Mournful, gloomy, sorrowful,
(written), smear, vilification melancholic, woeful
The journalist was sued for libel His lugubrious expression revealed
after publishing false accusations. the pain he was silently enduring.

Lacuna अभाव, कमी Larceny चोरी, चुराना

SYNO : Gap, void, deficiency, hiatus SYNO : Theft, robbery, stealing,

burglary, pilfering
There’s a serious lacuna in the He was arrested and charged with
report regarding financial details. larceny after the wallet
disappeared.

Lethal प्राणघातक, जानलेवा Largesse उदारता, दानशीलता

Generosity, bounty,
SYNO : Deadly, fatal, dangerous, SYNO :
destructive philanthropy, munificence
The snake’s bite is lethal and The billionaire was known for his
requires immediate medical largesse toward educational
attention. institutions.

Lopsided एकतरफ़ा, टेढ़ा-मेढ़ा Labyrinth भूलभुलैया, जटिल रास्ता / स्थिति

SYNO : Uneven, unbalanced, SYNO : Maze, network, web,

asymmetrical, tilted, skewed complexity,
The table was lopsided and They got lost in the labyrinth of
wobbled every time someone narrow alleys and turns.
leaned on it.

Livid बहुत क्रोधित Languid सुस्त, निढाल, थका हुआ

SYNO : Furious, enraged, infuriated, SYNO : Weak, sluggish, faint, weary,

bruised, discolored listless
Boys get livid when anything She gave a languid smile, too tired
happens to their bikes. to join the conversation.
 56

Lustrous चमकदार, दमकता हुआ Litany लंबी सूची (शिकायतों या मांगों की)

SYNO : Shiny, glossy, radiant, SYNO : Repetition, recital, list,

gleaming enumeration, catalogue
The actress wore a lustrous silk She recited a litany of complaints
gown that caught everyone's about the poor service received at
attention. the expensive cafe.

Lionize बहुत सम्मान देना Labile अस्थिर, जल्दी बदलने वाला

SYNO : glorify, honor, idolize, SYNO : volatile, changeable,

acclaim fluctuating, erratic
The nation lionized the scientist for Her labile emotions made it hard to
his groundbreaking medical predict her reactions.
discovery.

हाथ की सफ़ाई, चालाकी

Luridness सनसनीखेजता Legerdemain या धोखा

SYNO : sensationalism, ghastliness, SYNO : Sleight of hand, trickery,

shock value, garishness deception, magic, illusion
The luridness of the crime scene The magician amazed the crowd
shocked even seasoned with his skillful legerdemain on
investigators. stage.

Lachrymose बहुत भावुक या रोने वाला Lambaste कड़ी आलोचना करना, पीटना

SYNO : weepy, mournful, sorrowful, SYNO : Criticize harshly, scold,

sentimental thrash, berate, attack
She became lachrymose while The coach lambasted the team for
recalling memories of her late their poor performance in the
grandmother. match.

थकावट, सुस्ती, शारीरिक या

Languor मानसिक निर्बलता Lucent चमकीला, प्रकाशित

SYNO : Fatigue, weakness, SYNO : glowing, radiant, luminous,

sluggishness bright
Languor slowed the old woman’s The lucent moonlight bathed the
steps as she finished her hour-long valley in a soft silver glow.
walk to the pharmacy.

Loathe नफ़रत करना Locution अभिव्यक्ति की शैली

: Expression, phrase,
SYNO : Hate, detest, abhor, despise SYNO :
wording, articulation
She loathes dishonesty and always His formal locution made the casual
speaks the truth fearlessly. meeting sound like a courtroom.

भीड़ का वह सदस्य जो बिना कानूनी

Leeway छू ट, स्वतंत्रता Lyncher कार्यवाही के सज़ा देता है

SYNO : Flexibility, freedom, margin, SYNO :Executioner (mob), vigilante,

latitude killer
The teacher gave students some The lyncher was part of a violent
leeway to submit the assignment mob that ignored due process.
late.
 57

Let the cat out of the bag

reveal a secret carelessly or by mistake

Loaves and fishes

Material gain or worldly benefits

Lay it on thick
Exaggerated praise or flattery

Learn the ropes

to understand the basics

Like a shag on a rock

Feeling sad, lonely, or sorry for oneself

Like a sitting duck

An easy and defenseless target or victim

Lion’s share
the largest or majority part of something

Left to your own devices

Allowed to do what you want without anyone controlling
or helping you
Let someone slide
To allow someone to get away with a mistake or bad
behavior without punishing or criticizing them

Let nature take its course

Allow events to happen naturally without
interference or trying to control the outcome.
 58

Laissez-faire A policy or attitude of letting things take

their own course, without interfering

Laggard A person or thing that is slow, late, or falls

behind others

Libertine A person who behaves without moral

principles or a sense of responsibility

Lunatic A person who is mentally ill, crazy

Lexicographer A person who compiles, writes, or edits

dictionaries.

Liebchen a term of endearment used to address

someone dear or loved.

louche Having a disreputable or morally

questionable appearance or character

Lothario A man who behaves selfishly and

seduces women

Lex talionis the law of retaliation

Liaison A person who acts as a link to assist

communication or cooperation between
groups or organizations
 59

Malignant हानिकर Mercurial चपल स्वभाव वाला

volatile, capricious,
SYNO : virulent, spiteful, malicious, SYNO :
malevolent unpredictable
Diagnosed with a malignant tumor, The mercurial temperament of the
she began an urgent, aggressive leader made administrative
treatment plan immediately. coordination highly unpredictable.

Murky धुंधला, अस्पष्ट Metamorphosis परिवर्तन

SYNO : obscure, muddy, dim, SYNO : transformation,
opaque transmutation, evolution
The minister’s explanation was The city underwent a profound
murky, leaving both media and metamorphosis, evolving from
citizens deeply confused. sleepy town to thriving metropolis.

Maestro कु शल कलाकार Mawkish अत्यधिक भावुक, चिड़चिड़ा

sentimental, cloying,
SYNO : virtuoso, conducter, expert, SYNO :
nauseating
genius
The maestro effortlessly The movie’s mawkish ending felt
conducted the orchestra, elevating insincere, drawing criticism for its
the symphony to perfection. excessive sweetness.

Munificent उदार Muster इकट्ठा करना, जुटाना

SYNO : generous, bountiful, lavish, SYNO :

gather, summon, assemble,
liberal mobilize
The philanthropist received awards He mustered all the courage he had
for her munificent donations to before delivering his graduation
rural education schemes. speech.

Moribund समाप्ति के कगार पर Manacles बेड़ियाँ, हथकड़ियाँ

SYNO : dying, declining, stagnant SYNO :shackles, handcuffs, fetters

Efforts to revive the moribund The prisoner’s manacles clinked

newspaper industry failed amid loudly as he was led into the
digital disruptions nationwide. courtroom.

Magniloquent गम्भीर भाषण शैली Mordant कटु, तीक्ष्ण

SYNO : pompous, high-sounding SYNO : caustic, corrosive, sharp,

The minister’s magniloquent biting
speech impressed listeners, The mordant mother often used
although many questioned its real harsh words that made her son cry.
substance.

Momentous महत्वपूर्ण Mellifluous मधुर, सुमधुर

SYNO : significant, pivotal SYNO : dulcet, honeyed, melodic,

sweet-sounding
August 15, 1947 marks a The radio host’s mellifluous voice made
momentous day in India’s journey the early morning news soothing to
to independence. listeners.
 60

Myriad अनगिनत, असंख्य Morose उदास‑मिजाज़, मन विचलित

SYNO : countless, innumerable, SYNO : sullen, gloomy, sulky

multitudinous
The festival offered myriad Despite his morose mood, he
delicious street-food options that quietly helped her in completing
delighted every visitor. her tasks.

Mollify मन हल्का करना / शांत करना Masterly कु शल, उत्तम दक्ष

SYNO : appease, placate, soothe, SYNO : consummate; virtuoso
assuage, conciliate skilled
The team leader mollified frustrated Her masterly performance on stage
members by incorporating their earned her thunderous applause
suggestions into the plan. from critics.

Menace ख़तरा / संकट Mettle साहस, हिम्मत, जोश

SYNO : threat, danger, hazard SYNO : spirit, fortitude, courage,

resilience
Widespread corruption is a menace The young boxer showed true
to public trust and societal mettle by standing firm despite
progress. painful blows.

Morass दलदल / उलझन Memoir जीवनी, संस्मरण

SYNO : quagmire, mire, swamp, SYNO account,
: narrative, chronicle
entanglement
The legal case became a morass of She published her memoir
paperwork and delays, frustrating recounting wartime childhood
everyone involved." memories with poignant detail.

mutinous विद्रोही Makeshift अस्थायी, कामचलाऊ

SYNO : Rebellious, Defiant, SYNO :

improvised, jury‑rigged,
Insurgent, Seditious make‑do
The mutinous soldiers refused to The refugees built a makeshift
follow orders, demanding better shelter using tattered blankets and
conditions. scrap boards.

Mammoth विशाल / बहुत बड़ा Magnanimous उदार, महामनस्क

SYNO : colossal, enormous, SYNO : generous, benevolent,

gigantic, immense, vast big‑hearted
The project required a mammoth Because she was kind and
effort involving thousands of generous, the magnanimous queen
skilled laborers. was loved by all.

Melancholy विषाद / गहरी उदासी Maladroit अकु शल, बेढब

SYNO : sadness, gloom, dejection, SYNO : clumsy, awkward, inept,

pensive, despondenc bungling
'She wore a melancholy expression His maladroit handling of
as she walked through the rain.' negotiations cost the firm an
important international contract.
 61

Malady रोग, बीमारी, व्याधि Moot बहस योग्य, विवादास्पद

SYNO : disease, illness, ailment, SYNO : debatable; arguable;

disorder questionable; academic
Chronic malady affected her Whether to invest now in stock is a
energy and made daily activities moot question among analysts.
increasingly difficult.

Masquerade छद्मवेष, स्वाँग; ढोंग Morbid अस्वस्थ रुचि

SYNO : charade, disguise, pretense SYNO : gruesome, unhealthy,
disease‑like, ghoulish
His friendship was a masquerade
hiding cold ambition behind a His morbid fascination with horror
charming mask. movies made his friends uneasy.

Meticulous अत्यंत सावधानीपूर्वक Munificent बहुत उदार

scrupulous; thorough;
SYNO : SYNO : generous, bountiful, lavish
painstaking; exacting The munificent donor financed
Her meticulous notes contained schools across villages,
every figure, ensuring the final transforming education in the
report was flawless. region.

Mellifluous मधुर‑स्वरयुक्त Mutilate काट‑फोड़ कर क्षतिग्रस्त करना

SYNO : melodious; dulcet; SYNO :

maim, disfigure, cripple,
harmonious damage severely
The musician’s mellifluous voice The vandals mutilated the painting,
soothed the restless crowd under permanently ruining its beauty and
the starlit sky. historical value.

Mellow नरम, सुखद, सहज Monolithic एकजैसी सुगठित संरचना

SYNO : ripe; smooth; rich; soft SYNO : massive, unified, indivisible,

rigid
After retirement, my dad grew The tech giant was criticized for its
mellow, spending his days monolithic structure, resisting change
gardening and listening to jazz. like a single, unmovable block.

Mirth उल्लास, हर्ष Meek विनम्र, नम्र स्वभाव, शांत

SYNO : merriment; gaiety; laughter; SYNO :

submissive, humble, patient,
joy gentle
Her infectious mirth filled the room Despite his meek appearance, he
with lighthearted laughter and pure confronted injustice with quiet
joy. dignity and strength.
 62

Man of straw
Man with no substance

Mare’s nest
a complex or confused situation; a muddle.

Month of Sundays
A long time

Moot point
a subject that people cannot agree about

Mince matters
Moderate or restrain one's language to be polite or avoid giving offense.

Man of world
a person, typically male, who is experienced, knowledgeable, and
sophisticated in the ways of life

Make ducks and drakes of

to use something recklessly or wastefully; to squander or misuse resources.

Man of letters
a male scholar or author, who knows a lot about literature

Make up the leeway

struggle out of a bad position, especially by recovering lost time.

Make a clean breast

to tell the truth about something
 63

Mannequin A dummy used to display

clothes in a shop window

Matriarch Woman who is the head of the family

Medley A musical composition made up of a series

of songs or short pieces

Mercenary Whose motive is merely to get money or a

professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign
army

Martinet A strict disciplinarian, especially in the armed

forces

Milieu A person's social environment or setting

Mea Culpa An admission of guilt or fault

Magnum Opus A great work, especially the greatest single

work of an artist or writer

Macabre Involving death or violence in a

disturbing way

Malaise A general feeling of discomfort or

unease, whose exact cause is difficult
to identify.
 64

Nimble फु र्तीला, चुस्त, तेज़ Naive भोला‑भाला

SYNO : agile, quick, spry SYNO : innocent, credulous,
inexperienced
The nimble surgeon deftly stitched
His naive belief that everyone was
the wound before the patient even
trustworthy often led him into
stirred.
trouble.

Neophyte नवशिक्षु, नौसिखिया Narrative घटनावृत्तांत, कथन

SYNO : novice, beginner, newcomer SYNO : tale, chronicle, account

The neophyte journalist nervously The novel's gripping narrative kept

recorded every fact during his first readers hooked with its twists and
press conference. emotional depth.

Nugatory तुच्छ Noob नया खिलाड़ी

SYNO : trifling, inconsequential, SYNO :novice, inexperienced rookie
worthless
His objections proved nugatory, The mentor patiently guided the
failing to alter the outcome of the noob through basic tasks until
decision. competence arrived.

Nonplussed हैरान, प्रतिक्रिया‑रहित Nauseous अस्वस्थ या अपच

SYNO : perplexed, bewildered SYNO : sick, queasy, disgusted

The committee members were The spoiled food left guests feeling
nonplussed by the unexpected nauseous and rushing to find
postponement of the election. medicine.

Nebulous धुंधला, अस्पष्ट Navigate मार्गदर्शन करना

SYNO : vague, ambiguous, indistinct SYNO : steer, chart, pilot

The prime minister navigated
The minister’s explanation volatile border tensions through
remained nebulous, leaving both dialogue and confidence‑building
media and public confused entirely. initiatives.

Niggardly कं जूस Novelty नवीनता, ताजगी

SYNO : stingy, miserly, ungenerous SYNO : newness, freshness
The novelty of the smartwatch
His niggardly contribution deeply wore off after a few weeks, and I
disappointed charity organizers . went back to wearing my old analog
watch.

Nasty घृणास्पद, कर्क श Nincompoop मूर्ख, बुद्धिहीन

SYNO : filthy, foul, malicious SYNO : fool, simpleton

His online posts made him a
Her nasty comments during the nincompoop notorious for
meeting left everyone feeling silent spreading ridiculous
and intimidated. misinformation.
 65

Nectar अमृत, पुष्परस Naught शून्य, कु छ भी नहीं

SYNO : sweet secretion, flower SYNO : Nothing, zero

honey
Bees gather nectar from summer Years of painstaking efforts ended
blooms and later convert it into in naught, leaving policymakers
golden honey. disillusioned with the result.

Negate निरस्त करना, निष्क्रिय करना Numb सुन्न, भावना का अभाव

SYNO : nullify, invalidate SYNO : unfeeling, senseless

"Adding too much salt can negate
the delicate flavors of the dish, After job loss news, she felt
ruining the chef's intended emotionally numb throughout the
balance." afternoon in silence.

Nefarious दुष्ट, अत्यंत पापपूर्ण Nestle आराम से बैठना

SYNO : wicked, villainous SYNO : snuggle, recline
"The detective uncovered the
CEO’s nefarious scheme to "The puppy nestled its head under
embezzle millions from the my hand, demanding affection with
company’s pension fund." a stubborn nudge."

Negotiable समझौता‑योग्य Nettle चिड़ाना

SYNO : flexible, modifiable SYNO : irritate, annoy, provoke
The salary package was negotiable, Mosquitoes and unsolicited advice
depending on qualifications and —two things guaranteed to nettle a
interview performance metrics. perfectly good evening.

Nuance सूक्ष्म अंतर, महीन भाव Nonchalant शांति/उदासीन स्वभाव

composed, collected,
SYNO : subtlety, shade SYNO :
unconcerned
"He missed the nuance in her tone "She walked into the room with a
—what sounded like sarcasm was nonchalant look, as if she didn’t
actually sadness." care about the surprise party."

प्रतिद्वंद्वी, ऐसी शक्ति जो अंततः

Nemesis Noisome घिनौनी, अस्वस्थदायक गंधयुक्त
नाश करता है
SYNO : rival, adversary, bane SYNO : foul‑smelling, offensive,
harmful
The insurgent group became the
The noisome stench from
government’s nemesis, thwarting
neglected drains repelled visitors
multiple major security operations.
and sickened passing crowds.

Narcissism आत्मकें द्रित स्वभाव Nark चिढ होना

SYNO : egotism, self‑admiration SYNO : informer; annoy, irritate

Leaders exhibiting narcissism
often dismiss teamwork, isolating "The kids called him a nark when he
capable advisors through told the teacher about the prank."
arrogance.
 66

Nascent नवोदित, नवजात Nadir सबसे निचली सीमा

SYNO : budding, incipient, SYNO : lowest point, abyss, depth,

emerging bottom
My friend’s nascent baking skills "After losing his job and his home,
were improving, as her cookies he felt he had reached the nadir of
went from burnt to edible. his life."

Niche उपयुक्त स्थान / भूमिका Nirvana निर्वाण, मोक्ष

slot, vocation, calling, bliss, paradise,
SYNO : SYNO :
specialty transcendence, heaven
"He found his niche painting pet Meditators describe reaching
portraits—something no one else in nirvana as ultimate peace beyond
town did." worldly pain and desire.

Noctural रात्रिकालीन Natty विच्छिन्न शिष्ट रूप से आभूषित

SYNO : night‑active, nighttime SYNO : dapper, stylish, elegant, trim

"Owls are nocturnal, so they hunt "He always wears a natty suit and
for food at night and sleep during polished shoes, looking sharp for
the day." every meeting."

कु ख्यात, बुरे स्वरूप से

Notorious जाना जाने वाला Naivete सरलतापूर्ण
SYNO : infamous, ill‑famed, SYNO : innocence, ingenuousness,
disreputable simplicity
"The notorious robber was known "The child’s naivete made him
by everyone in town for his daring believe the cartoon characters
escapes." were real."

Noxious हानिकारक, विषाक्त Numinous दिव्य, रहस्यमयी

SYNO : harmful, poisonous, SYNO : mystical, spiritual,

injurious supernatural, divine
Factories released noxious chemicals Walking into the cathedral evoked a
into river waters, devastating life and numinous sense of sacred awe and
villagers' health.
wonder.

Neurotic अत्यधिक चिंताशील Necromancy भविष्य बताना या जादू

anxious, tense, emotionally
SYNO : SYNO : sorcery, witchcraft, dark
unstable magic, divination
Her neurotic anxiety about deadlines of "The villain used necromancy to
her assignments led to sleepless nights
and increasing stress.
summon skeletons from their
graves."
 67

Nail one’s colors to the master

Publicly declare your beliefs, or opinions in a bold, unshakable way.

Neck of the woods

the area where someone lives or the area where someone grew up.

Nine day’s wonder

something or someone that attracts intense public attention for a very
short time before being forgotten.

No love lost between

used to say that people dislike each other

Nip in the bud

to stop a problem or bad habit early, before it grows worse.

Not to look a gift horse in the mouth

don’t criticize or question the value of a gift or favor you receive.

Nook and corner

every small or hidden part of a place

Nest egg
savings set aside for the future, especially for retirement or emergencies.

Name is mud
it means your reputation is badly damaged, often because
of a mistake or scandal.

Neck & Neck

to describe a situation of equal or close competition, whether it
be in sports, business, or other areas.
 68

Nephrologist a medical doctor who specializes

in kidney health

Nosomania an abnormal obsession with imaginary illness,

where a person becomes convinced
they have a serious disease

Numismatist who collects or studies coins, medals, or

paper money,

Nihilism philosophical belief that life has no inherent

meaning, purpose, or value. It rejects
religious, moral, and social principles as
baseless.

Nomenclature a system of names or terms used in a

particular field (e.g., science

Nolle prosequi Literally, “don’t follow”

Nom de plume Pen name. The name under which authors

sometimes choose to write.

Nota bene Note well. Pay attention.

Nudnik A stupid, boring oaf.

Nosce te ipsum Know yourself

 69

Oasis मरुस्थल में जलयुक्त शीतल स्थान Obstinate हठी, अपराजेय

stubborn, dogged,
SYNO : refuge, sanctuary, haven SYNO :
unyielding
During scorching desert trek, Despite all advice, the obstinate
weary travellers discovered a lush child refused to reward the lost cat
oasis of relief. any food.

Obituary मृत्यु‑विज्ञप्ति Obstreperous शोर‑गुल करने वाला

SYNO : memorial notice, tribute SYNO : noisy, unruly, boisterous

The local newspaper published an The obstreperous crowd disrupted

obituary honoring the teacher’s the lecture with loud chants and
decades of service. whistles.

Obligatory अनिवार्य, आवश्यक Obtuse सुस्त बुद्धि हेतु

SYNO : mandatory, required SYNO : dull‑witted, slow, insensitive

Wearing a helmet is an obligatory "His obtuse refusal to apologize

safety measure for all motorcycle made the argument worse."
riders.

Obnoxious अत्यंत अप्रिय, घृणास्पद Occidental (पश्चिम देशों से संबंध रखने वाला)
offensive, disgusting,
SYNO : SYNO : related to the west
unpleasant
She enjoyed learning Occidental
His obnoxious jokes ruined the philosophy alongside her
lively mood of the entire gathering traditional Eastern spirituality
instantly. studies.

Obscene अश्लील Occult अलौकिक, रहस्यमयी

SYNO : indecent, lewd, vulgar SYNO : supernatural, mystical,

esoteric
The comedian’s obscene remarks The novel explores the occult
offended many audience members world of ancient rituals and
beyond belief. forbidden spells.

Obscure अस्पष्ट Oculist नेत्र रोग विशेषज्ञ

SYNO :unknown, unclear, abstruse SYNO : ophthalmologist,

optometrist
The philosopher’s obscure writing
The oculist examined her vision
made his important ideas difficult
carefully before prescribing new
to understand.
eyeglasses.

Obsolete अप्रचलित Odious घृणास्पद, निंदनीय

SYNO : outdated, archaic, SYNO : hateful, revolting, abhorrent
no‑longer-used
Paper maps became obsolete once He committed an odious crime that
smartphone navigation apps gained shocked the entire neighborhood
popularity. deeply.
 70

Offset क्षतिपूर्ति करना Ostensible बाहरी, दिखावटी

balance, counteract, apparent, seeming,
SYNO : SYNO :
compensate professed
Rising local taxes were offset by His ostensible support masked
newly launched state‑level hidden motives that only later
subsidies and grants. became clear.

Ominous अशुभ, खतरनाक संके त वाला Ostracize सामाजिक बहिष्कृ त

threatening, menacing, excluded, shunned,

SYNO : SYNO :
foreboding banished, ostracized
Dark skies and gloomy thunder "In history, ancient Greeks would
struck an ominous tone before the vote to ostracize a citizen by
cyclone. sending them away for 10 years."

Opprobrium सार्वजनिक निंदा या अपमान Overt खुल्लम‑खुल्ला / प्रकट

SYNO : condemnation, disgrace, SYNO : public, apparent, manifest

censure
The actor faced opprobrium after He made an overt public apology to
critics revealed his shocking the citizens after the scandal.
unethical decisions.

Omniscient सर्वज्ञ Obdurate डट‑प्रतिरोधी / कठोर

all‑knowing, all‑seeing, obstinate, unrepentant,
SYNO : SYNO :
all‑wise flinty, stubborn
"In the story, the omniscient Even under pressure, he remained
narrator knew every character’s obdurate refusing to admit any
thoughts and secrets." mistake.

Onerous भारप्रद, श्रम‑साध्य Obeisance श्रद्धापूर्ण सलाम

SYNO : burdensome, arduous, SYNO : homage, deference, respect

strenuous
The committee found the new The villager offered obeisance at
compliance requirements extremely the temple entrance before
onerous and time‑consuming. entering inside.

Onus उत्तरदायित्व, बोझ Obfuscate धुंधला करना

SYNO : burden, responsibility, duty SYNO : obscure, confuse, cloud

: The mayor acknowledged the The lawyer tried to obfuscate facts

onus of rebuilding public trust lay and create doubts about the
entirely with him. verdict

Obviate समाप्त करना, रोकना Oblivious बेपरवाह / अनजान

SYNO : prevent, preclude, eliminate SYNO : heedless, unmindful,

inattentive
Regular maintenance obviates I was Oblivious to all the topics
many potential engine failures which we were taught during
before they escalate. Sanskrit period.
 71

Obloquy अपमान / तीखी निंदा Oracle आकाशवाणी / भविष्यद्रष्टा

SYNO : abuse, invective, criticism SYNO : seer, prophet, prophesier

The minister suffered public The oracle foretold the economic

obloquy after the leaked policy downturn, helping traders avoid
memo scandal. massive losses.

Oracular रहस्यमयी / भविष्यसूचक Ordnance तोपख़ाना / सैन्य भण्डार

SYNO : enigmatic, Delphic SYNO : artillery, munitions,

heavy‑weapon
His oracular utterances during the The brigade transported ordnance
meeting left everyone puzzled and via rail to the forward combat bases
intrigued. quickly.

Outlandish विचित्र / अजीब‑सा Obliterate मिटा देना / नामों‑निशानों मिटाना

SYNO : bizarre, eccentric, freakish SYNO : efface, erase, wipe‑out

She wore an outlandish hat that The flood obliterated every home in
everyone stared at in surprise. the village within hours of arrival.

Obtrusive बाधक / अधिक दिखावटी Obsequiousness चापलूसी, ख़ुशामदी

intrusive, conspicuous, servility, subservience,

SYNO : SYNO :
noticeable sycophancy
"The bright, flashing billboard was In meetings, his obsequiousness
so obtrusive that drivers kept towards superiors irritated
getting distracted." colleagues and cost him respect.

Opulence समृद्धि / ऐश्वर्य Overturn उलट देना

SYNO : luxuriousness, SYNO : reverse, revoke, annul,

sumptuousness, luxury rescind, overthrow
The opulence of the palace The Supreme Court overturned the
impressed visitors with golden archaic law after hearing
walls and chandeliers. constitutional validity arguments.

Officious अकोशिक / हस्तक्षेप करनेवाला Ogle तिरछी नज़र से देखना

SYNO : meddlesome, interfering, SYNO : stare, gaze, leer (at), gawk

busy
"The officious waiter kept interrupting Under the hall lights, journalists
our conversation to refill water glasses openly ogled the celebrity stepping
we hadn’t touched." onto the stage.
 72

Old flame
a former romantic partner from your past

Olive branch
symbolizes a peaceful offer or gesture to end a conflict and make amends.

On tenterhooks
feel extremely anxious, nervous, or in suspense while waiting for
something

On the air
broadcasting or being broadcast.

On the cuff
free, unpaid, or provided as a favor—often informally or unofficially.

Open question
that doesn’t have a fixed or simple answer

Order of the day

the main priority, routine, or dominant activity for a specific time

Out & out

complete, total, or absolute

Out of sorts
to feel slightly unwell, irritable, or not your usual self

Out of the woods

to no longer be in danger or difficulty
 73

Ophidiophobia extreme or irrational fear of snakes.

Ophthalmologist an eye specialist

Ornithology the study of birds

Oligarchy form of govt. where power is held by a small,

privileged group (often the wealthy, elite, or a
specific family).

Oblation a solemn offering, gift, or sacrifice—often

made to a god, a sacred cause,

omnium gatherum A miscellaneous collection; a hodge-podge.

Ode a lyric poem expressing exalted emotion.

Onomatopoeia a word that imitates the sound it describes.

(Eg. Buzz of the bee)

Ostentation excessive display of wealth,

knowledge, or luxury

obloquium Harsh criticism or verbal abuse

meant to shame someone.
 74

Pacify शान्त करना Pauper अत्यंत गरीब व्यक्ति

SYNO : appease, assuage, mollify SYNO : destitute, beggar, indigent

The negotiator pacified hostile Many paupers approached the

villagers by offering fair relief camp, hoping for food and
compensation and dialogue. shelter.

Panorama एक विस्तृत दृश्य Pejorative अपमानजनक

SYNO : view, vista, outlook SYNO : derogatory, disparaging,

demeaning
Standing on the hilltop, she The editorial criticized the use of
admired a breathtaking panorama pejorative language during political
of the valley below. debates sharply.

Prodigy प्रतिभाशाली बालक Penitence पश्चात्ताप, दोष बोध

SYNO : Genius, Whiz, Virtuoso, SYNO : remorse, contrition,

Marvel repentance
Mozart was a child prodigy who Genuine penitence followed his
composed music at the age of five apology after realizing the harm his
comments caused.

संकीर्ण नजरिया रखने वाला,

Parochial
सीमांत
Pensive गहन चिंतन में लीन
Thoughtful, Reflective, Contemplative,
SYNO : narrow‑minded SYNO : Meditative, Brooding

His parochial attitude prevented She sat pensive by the window,

him from appreciating cultural staring at the rain
diversity across cities.

Prudent विवेकशील Perdurable अत्यंत टिकाऊ

SYNO : Judicious, Sensible, SYNO : Enduring, Everlasting,

Cautious, Discerning Indestructible
It was prudent to save money "The ancient temple’s perdurable
during the pandemic for future stone walls have stood for over a
emergencies thousand years."

Patronizing ऊपर से दया दिखाने वाला Peril संकट, जोखिम

SYNO : condescending, lofty SYNO : danger, hazard, jeopardy

His patronizing smile made her feel The airline warned passengers:
stupid for asking a simple question travelling in storm‑affected areas
may place lives in peril.

Paucity कमी, अल्पता Peripatetic आवर्ती, घूमता‑फिरता

scarcity, dearth,
SYNO : SYNO : itinerant, nomadic, roaming
insufficiency
The report lamented the paucity of A peripatetic journalist covered
data on rural health service elections by travelling across
coverage. multiple state capitals.
 75

Perplex उलझाना, हैरान करना Philatelist टिकट संग्रहकर्ता

SYNO : baffle, bewilder, confuse SYNO : stamp collector

When she saw her name in the top
Even the philatelist chuckled,
three students of her class for the
recognizing rare stamps from the
first time, she felt perplexed
country’s first mint issue.
knowing this.

Pert चुस्त, नटख Philology भाषा‑साहित्य अध्ययन

SYNO : saucy, impertinent, jaunty SYNO : linguistic studies, textual

criticism
Her pert reply during the interview His doctoral thesis in philology
impressed yet slightly irked the traced regional dialect shifts
panel. across centuries of manuscripts.

Peruse ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़ना Phonetics ध्वनिविज्ञान

SYNO : scrutinize, examine SYNO : speech‑sounds study

Please peruse the new financial In phonetics class, she learned vowel
guidelines carefully before pronunciation differences among Indic
finalising policy recommendations and Dravidian languages.

Pester बार‑बार परेशान करना Pilfer चोरीछिपे चुराना

SYNO : Annoy, Bother, Nag SYNO : filch, swipe, purloin

Tourists complained staff would
Warehouse staff were alerted after
pester them repeatedly for
someone continued to pilfer small
signature souvenirs near the gate.
office supplies stealthily.

Petulant चिड़चिड़ा, तुनकमिजाज Pinnacle शिखर, चरमोत्कर्ष

SYNO : irritable, peevish, testy SYNO : peak, summit, acme

The minister appeared petulant
when journalists questioned Winning the national science award
inconsistencies in revenue marked the pinnacle of her
collection. academic achievements so far.

Philanderer विवाहेतर संबंध रखने वाला Pioneer अग्रदूत / प्रथम अन्वेषक

SYNO : womanizer, playboy, flirt SYNO : Trailblazer, Innovator,

Forerunner, Pathfinder
Reports revealed the businessman "Marie Curie was a pioneer in
was a philanderer, harming his radioactivity research, winning two
public reputation gravely. Nobel Prizes."

Philanthrope मानवतावादी Plagiarism साहित्यिक चोरी

benefactor, altruist, Copying, Theft, Piracy,
SYNO : SYNO :
charity‑giver Infringement
The philanthrope funded education "The student failed the course after
projects in villages, uplifting submitting an essay full of
underserved livelihoods effectively. plagiarism from online sources."
 76

Plaudit प्रशंसा / तालियाँ Premonition पूर्वाभास, पूर्वसंके त

Applause, Praise, Acclaim,
SYNO : SYNO : forewarning, presentiment,
Commendation
foreboding
"The actor received plaudits from He felt a sudden premonition that
critics for her powerful something disastrous would occur
performance in the film." within hours.

Plebiscite जनमत-संग्रह Proscription निषेध, प्रतिबन्ध

SYNO : Referendum, Popular vote, SYNO : ban, exile, legal prohibition
Ballot
The government held a plebiscite to The government imposed a
decide whether the region should proscription on the extremist
become an independent state. organization, freezing all its assets.

Polyglot बहुभाषी Presumptuous अति आत्मनिर्भर

SYNO : multilingual, linguist SYNO : overbold, impertinent,

arrogant
As a polyglot diplomat, she It was presumptuous of him to
negotiated treaties fluently in six suggest policy changes without
official Indian languages. party consensus first.

Pompous घमंडी, आत्मप्रधान Profuse प्रचुर, अपार मात्रा में

SYNO : pretentious, arrogant, SYNO : abundant, lavish, copious

high‑flown
A pompous official delivered Despite modest income, she sent
speeches in inflated tone, irritating profuse gifts to support community
the audience throughout. health initiatives each year.

Polygamy एक से अधिक विवाह करने की प्रथा Propinquity निकटता, समीपता

SYNO : plural marriage SYNO : proximity, nearness
Propinquity of neighborhoods
Polygamy remains illegal in Indian encouraged shared cultural festivals,
civil law but still occurs in some creating strong social bonds locally.
tribal communities.

Predator शिकारी Protean बहुरूपी, परिवर्तनीय

SYNO : exploiter, aggressor, SYNO :versatile, adaptable, flexible

Cybersecurity experts warn that His protean skills allowed him to lead
online predators target unwary classroom teaching, policy research,
users across digital platforms. and management seamlessly.
 77

Palmy days
time of great success, prosperity, or happiness

Pull a fast one

to trick or deceive someone, often in a clever or sneaky way.

Pay through nose

to pay an extremely high or unfair price for something.

Pin prick
something that is slightly annoying for a short time '

Play second fiddle

to have a less important role than someone else, to be in a supporting position.

Play to the gallery

to behave in a way to win approval from the general public by being over dramatic

Point blank
Being direct/blunt, often rudely so.

Pour oil on troubled waters

to calm a tense situation, by soothing conflicts or reducing anger between people.

Putting one’s foot down

to firmly assert your authority, set a strict boundary, or refuse to tolerate
something any longer.

Pull strings
to secretly use influence or connections (with powerful people) to get what you want
 78

Palindrome a word, phrase, number, or sequence

that reads the same backward as forward.

Pantheism belief that God and the universe are the

same thing—that nature, the cosmos, or
reality itself is divine.

Parricide killing one's own parent (mother or father)

or a close relative.

Pawn Someone who is controlled or manipulated by

a more powerful person/group.

Pedant someone who obsessively focuses on small,

unimportant details—especially rules,
accuracy, or book knowledge—and corrects
others in a showy or annoying way.

prima facie “on first encounter.”

pied-à-terre A temporary residence.

Platonic describing a relationship or affection that is free

from romantic involvement, typically
characterized by deep emotional intimacy without
physical desire.

Pax Peace

per se As such
 79

Queer विचित्र, असामान्य Quest खोज, अन्वेषण

SYNO : Strange, odd, unconventional SYNO : Search, pursuit, mission

His queer behavior at the formal His lifelong quest for knowledge
event raised many eyebrows inspired many students.

Querulous चिड़चिड़ा, शिकायत करने वाला Quiescent निष्क्रिय, शांत

SYNO : Whining, peevish, fretful SYNO : Dormant, inactive, tranquil

The querulous child annoyed The volcano remained quiescent

everyone with constant complaints. for centuries before erupting

Quibble बहस करना, वाक्छल Quell दबाना, शांत करना

SYNO : Argue, nitpick, cavil SYNO : Suppress, pacify, subdue

Lawyers often quibble over minor The police acted swiftly to quell the
details in court. violent protest.

Quiver काँपना, थरथराहट Quack नकली, अयोग्य

SYNO : Tremble, shiver, shudder SYNO : Fraud, impostor, charlatan

The rabbit’s nose would quiver at The quack doctor prescribed

the slightest sound dangerous fake medicines to
villagers.

Quash रद्द करना, दबाना Quagmire दलदल, कठिन परिस्थिति

SYNO : Suppress, annul, overturn SYNO :Predicament, dilemma, swamp

The court quashed the illegal order The legal case became a quagmire
immediately of conflicting evidence.

Quarry शिकार, खदान Quaint विचित्र, पुराने जमाने का

SYNO : Prey, mine, excavation SYNO : Charming, old-fashioned,

picturesque
The hunter tracked his quarry We stayed in a quaint cottage with
through dense forest vintage furniture.

Qualms आशंका, संदेह Quintessential सार, आदर्श उदाहरण

SYNO : Misgivings, doubts, scruples SYNO : Typical, perfect

embodiment, classic
She had no qualms about speaking Gandhi is the quintessential
truth to power example of non-violent resistance.
 80

Quench बुझाना, तृप्त करना Quadruped चौपाया

SYNO : Satisfy, extinguish, slake SYNO : Four footed animal

The lemonade helped quench our Most mammals, including dogs, are
thirst after the long walk. natural quadrupeds.

Queue कतार, पंक्ति Quaff एक सांस में पीना

SYNO : Line, sequence, row SYNO : Gulp, swig, drink heartily

People stood in a long queue to After the marathon, he quaffed two

vote during elections. bottles of water.

Quip चुटकु ला, तीखा वाक्य Quill पर का कलम, साही का काँटा

SYNO : Joke, witty remark, jest SYNO : Feather pen, spine

The speaker lightened the mood The ancient scroll was written with
with a clever quip. a quill and ink

Quirk विचित्रता, अनोखी आदत Quaver काँपना, लरज़ना

SYNO : Peculiarity, eccentricity, SYNO : Tremble, vibrate, warble

oddity
His habit of collecting stamps was Her voice began to quaver when
an endearing quirk. speaking about the tragedy.

Quisling गद्दार, देशद्रोही Quisquilious कचरे संबंधी

SYNO : Traitor, collaborator, SYNO : Relating to trash, worthless
betrayer
History remembers him as a : The court dismissed the
quisling who aided the invaders. quisquilious arguments as
irrelevant.

Quizzical हैरान, जिज्ञासु Quisquous जटिल, हल करने में कठिन

SYNO : Puzzled, questioning, SYNO : Perplexing, difficult to

curious settle
She gave me a quizzical look when I The border dispute proved to be a
told the strange story. quisquous issue between the two
countries.

Quotidian दैनिक, साधारण Quidditative सारभूत, मूलभूत

SYNO : Everyday, mundane, routine SYNO : Essential, fundamental

The minister handled both Philosophers debate the

quotidian matters and major crises quidditative nature of life.
efficiently.
 81

Quarrel with one’s bread and butter

To fight with executive or employer, who is
providing one’s means of living
Queer Fish
A strange person

Queer somebody’s pitch

Upset someone’s plans

Quicken the pulse

Made some people excited or interested

Quick on the draw

Reacting faster than others

Quake in one’s boots

To tremble with fear

Question of time
Something is certain to happen eventually.

Quick buck
Easy money made rapidly (often unethically)

Queen's ransom
An exorbitant amount of money

Quiver full of arrows

Having multiple solutions ready
 82

Querimonious Full of complaints

Quiescence A state of inactivity (replacing: dormancy)

Quixotic Extremely idealistic but impractical

Quandary A state of uncertainty or perplexity

Quittance A discharge from a debt or obligation

Qua In the way of

Que sera sera Whatever will be, will be.

Quid pro quo A favor or advantage granted in return for

something.

Quis custodiet ipsos

custodes
Who watches the watchers?

Quo vadis (Latin) Where are you going

 83

Ragged फटा-पुराना, अस्त-व्यस्त Reverberate गूँजना, प्रतिध्वनित होना

SYNO : Tattered, shabby, frayed SYNO : Echo, resonate, resound

The beggar wore ragged clothes The Prime Minister's speech

that barely covered him. reverberated across the nation.

Resplendent दीप्तिमान, चमकीला Rectitude ईमानदारी, सत्यनिष्ठा

SYNO : Dazzling, magnificent, SYNO : Integrity, morality,

brilliant uprightness
The bride looked resplendent in her His rectitude in public service
golden wedding lehenga. earned him great respect

Repulsive घिनौना, प्रतिकारक Ravage बर्बाद करना, नष्ट करना

SYNO : Disgusting, revolting, SYNO : Devastate, ruin, destroy
offensive
The rotting garbage emitted a The cyclone ravaged coastal
repulsive smell in the heat. villages, leaving thousands
homeless.

Relish आनंद लेना, स्वाद लेना Restive पतन, वापस लौटना

SYNO : Enjoy, savor, delight in SYNO : Uneasy, restless, impatient

She seemed to relish every moment The crowd grew restive after
of her diplomatic success waiting hours for the delayed
announcement.

Resentment असंतोष, रोष Regress पतन, वापस लौटना

SYNO : Bitterness, indignation, SYNO : Retrogress, decline,

animosity deteriorate
Years of unfair treatment filled him Without practice, language skills
with deep resentment can regress over time.

Rescind रद्द करना, वापस लेना Reverie स्वप्नलोक, ख्यालों में खो जाना

SYNO : Revoke, annul, repeal SYNO : Daydream, fantasy, musing

The government decided to rescind She was lost in reverie about her
the controversial law after protests. childhood village.

Reprisal प्रतिशोध, बदला Rivalled प्रतिस्पर्धा करना, बराबरी करना

SYNO : Retaliation, vengeance, SYNO :Compete with, match, equal

counterattack
The attack was feared as a possible No other team rivalled their
reprisal for the raid. performance this season.
 84

Repose विश्राम, शांति Retrospect पूर्वविवरण, पीछे मुड़कर देखना

SYNO : Rest, relaxation, tranquility SYNO : Hindsight, review, reflection

The mountains stood in majestic In retrospect, the policy could have

repose at dawn. been implemented better.

Repartee चतुर उत्तर, हाजिरजवाबी Rubicund लाल, गुलाबी

SYNO : Banter, witty reply, SYNO : Rosy, ruddy, flushed

comeback
His rubicund cheeks suggested
The diplomat's sharp repartee good health and vitality.
defused the tense situation.

Reiterate बार-बार दोहराना Revivify पुनर्जीवित करना

SYNO : Repeat, restate, emphasize SYNO : Rejuvenate, revitalize,

reanimate
The minister reiterated her The rains helped revivify the
commitment to farmers' welfare. drought-stricken farmland.

Repeal रद्द करना, निरस्त करना Ruffian गुंडा, बदमाश

SYNO : Abolish, revoke, annul SYNO : Thug, hooligan, rogue

Parliament voted to repeal the The police arrested the ruffians

outdated colonial-era law. who were vandalizing property.

Redundant अनावश्यक, फालतू Reclusive एकांतप्रिय

SYNO : Unnecessary, superfluous, SYNO : Solitary, hermit-like,

excessive withdrawn
Automation made many manual The reclusive writer rarely gave
jobs redundant. interviews or public appearances.

Redeem सुधारना, मुक्त करना Rout भगदड़, पराजय

SYNO : Reclaim, restore, SYNO : Defeat, overthrow, dispersal

compensate
He worked hard to redeem his The army's surprise attack caused
tarnished reputation. the enemy's complete rout.

Recalcitrant हठीला, आज्ञा न मानने वाला Rankle चिढ़ होना, बार-बार याद आना

SYNO : Stubborn, defiant, unruly SYNO : Irritate, fester, annoy

persistently
The recalcitrant student refused to His unfair dismissal continued to
follow the school's new rules. rankle him even years later.
 85

जटिल परिणाम, शाखाओं में

Ramification बंटना
Reconciliation सुलह, मेल-मिलाप

SYNO : Consequence, implication, SYNO : Settlement, compromise,

branching out resolution
The court's decision had serious The peace talks aimed at national
ramifications for civil rights. reconciliation after the conflict.

Rendition प्रस्तुतीकरण, अनुवाद Recondite गूढ़, दुर्बोध

SYNO : Interpretation, performance, SYNO : Obscure, abstruse, esoteric,

version not easily understood
Her soulful rendition of the national
His thesis dealt with recondite
anthem moved everyone.
philosophical concepts.

Rustic ग्राम्य, देहाती Reconnaissance सैन्य सर्वेक्षण, पूर्वजाँच

SYNO : Rural, pastoral, countrified SYNO : Survey, inspection, scouting

The resort offered rustic charm The military conducted aerial

with modern amenities. reconnaissance before the
operation.

Rapacious लालची, हड़पने वाला Renounce त्यागना, छोड़ देना

SYNO : Greedy, predatory, SYNO : Abandon, relinquish,

avaricious repudiate
The rapacious corporation The prince renounced his claim to
exploited natural resources the throne voluntarily.
mercilessly.

Rebuke फटकार, डाँट Revelation रहस्योद्घाटन, प्रकटीकरण

SYNO : Reprimand, scold, reproach SYNO : Disclosure, discovery,

epiphany
The judge rebuked the lawyer for The documents contained
unethical practices shocking revelations about the
scandal.

Reckon गणना करना, समझना Ruefully पछतावे के साथ, खेदपूर्वक

SYNO : Calculate, consider, SYNO : Regretfully, sorrowfully,
estimate apologetically
Experts reckon the project will take He smiled ruefully while admitting
three years to complete his mistake.
 86

Ruffle someone’s feathers

Make someone annoyed

Red herrings
Clues intended to distract or mislead

Red-letter day
Happy and a significant day

Rise to the occasion

To show that you can deal with difficult situations

Rolling stone
A restless person

Rub shoulders with

To meet and spend time with

Run the gauntlet

To go through an unpleasant experience

Run of the mill

Average/ common

Run down
To reduce in health/ to criticize

Rest on laurels
To be complacent, self-satisfied
 87

Renegade A person who deserts a cause, ideology, or

group and joins an opposing one; can also
mean someone unruly or defiant of laws or
conventions.
Regalia The official or ceremonial dress, insignia, or
symbols associated with royalty or office.

Repository A place, building, or receptacle where large

amounts of something (e.g., information,
artifacts, documents) are stored and preserved

Rhinologist A physician who specializes in diagnosing and

treating diseases and disorders of the nose
and paranasal sinuses.

Rendezvous A meeting at an agreed time and place; (verb)

to meet at a set time and place, especially
secretly.

Raconteur A very talented storyteller; alternately, in

some interpretations, one who loves to hear
himself talk.

Recherché Rare. More often, pretentious.

Réchauffé Reheated leftover food. More generally, it

can also a rehashing of stale ideas.

Raus! Out! Generally meaning, “Get out!”

Rapprochement Establishment of a harmonious

relationship.
 88

Succulent रसदार, सरस Spruce सजाना, सुथरा बनाना

SYNO : Juicy, lush, pulpy SYNO : Neaten, tidy, groom

The succulent mangoes were a She spruced up the room before

delight in summer. guests arrived.

Secede अलग होना, पृथक होना Sulky चिड़चिड़ा, रूठा हुआ

SYNO : Withdraw, break away, SYNO : Sullen, morose, petulant

separate
The state threatened to secede The child remained sulky after
from the union. being scolded.

Solitary एकाकी, अके ला Salacious अश्लील, कामुक

SYNO : Lone, isolated, single SYNO : Lewd, obscene, indecent

He led a solitary life in the The scandal involved salacious

mountains. details about celebrities.

Solace सांत्वना, ढाढस Sterile बाँझ, निष्फल

SYNO :Comfort, consolation, relief SYNO : Barren, infertile, antiseptic

Music provides solace during Her scintillating performance won

difficult times. a standing ovation.

Surreptitious चोरी-छिपे, गुप्त Scintillating चमकीला, दिलचस्प

SYNO :Secret, stealthy, clandestine SYNO : Sparkling, brilliant, dazzling

The journalist took surreptitious Her scintillating performance won a

photos of the illegal operation. standing ovation.

Suavity शिष्टता, मृदुता Sycophant चापलूस, खुशामदी

SYNO : Politeness, charm, urbanity SYNO : Flatterer, yes-man, toady

His suavity during negotiations The politician surrounded himself

impressed everyone with sycophants who never
challenged his views.

Squander गँवाना, बर्बाद करना Surly रूखा, बदमिजाज

SYNO : Waste, misuse, fritter away SYNO : Grumpy, rude, sullen

The team squandered their early The surly shopkeeper scared away
advantage carelessly. customers with his behavior.
 89

Scanty अपर्याप्त, थोड़ा Sagacious बुद्धिमान, दूरदर्शी

SYNO :Meager, sparse, insufficient SYNO : Wise, insightful, prudent

The drought led to scanty rainfall The sagacious judge balanced

this monsoon season. justice with compassion.

Sturdy मजबूत, दृढ़ Scathing कठोर, जलाने वाला

SYNO : Strong, robust, durable SYNO : Bitter, harsh, searing

The sturdy bridge withstood the The CAG report gave a scathing
floodwaters easily. critique of fund mismanagement.

Saga गाथा, लंबा किस्सा Scornful तिरस्कारपूर्ण

SYNO : Epic, chronicle, legend SYNO : Contemptuous, disdainful,
derisive
The freedom struggle is a saga of His scornful remarks about
courage and sacrifice. farmers sparked outrage.

Sardonic व्यंग्यपूर्ण, कटु Seditious राजद्रोही

SYNO : Mocking, cynical, scornful SYNO : Rebellious, incendiary,

mutinous
His sardonic remarks about the The colonial law punished seditious
system revealed deep frustration. writings harshly

Sinister अशुभ, भयावह Sentient संवेदनशील

SYNO : Evil, ominous, threatening SYNO : Conscious, perceptive,

aware
There was something sinister about Elephants are highly intelligent,
his mysterious behavior. sentient and responsive creatures.

Satiate तृप्त करना, संतुष्ट करना Sabotage तोड़-फोड़

SYNO : Satisfy, fill, gratify SYNO : Vandalize, undermine,

disrupt
The lavish feast satiated everyone's Cyberattacks can sabotage critical
hunger completely. infrastructure.

Sacrilege अपवित्रीकरण, धर्म अपमान Sedulous रिश्रमी

SYNO : Desecration, profanation, SYNO : Diligent, assiduous,

blasphemy persevering
Vandalizing the temple was Her sedulous research won the
considered sacrilege by locals. science award.
 90

Snuggle चिपकना, सटकर बैठना Squabble तकरार

SYNO : Nestle, cuddle, huddle SYNO : Bicker, quarrel, wrangle

The child snuggled close for The squabble over water rights
warmth. turned violent.

Serendipity आकस्मिक खोज Stalemate गतिरोध

SYNO : Chance discovery, fortuity SYNO : Deadlock, impasse, standoff

Penicillin was discovered through WTO negotiations reached a

serendipity. stalemate.

Sibylline रहस्यमय Stoic आत्मसंयमी, भावनाहीन

SYNO : Cryptic, enigmatic, SYNO : Unemotional, impassive,

prophetic austere
The ancient text contained The soldier remained stoic despite
sibylline prophecies. his injuries.

Specious भ्रामक Sumptuous भव्य, विलासी

SYNO : Misleading, deceptive, SYNO : Luxurious, opulent, lavish

fallacious
The intruder tried to give the The summit dinner was a
authorities a specious excuse sumptuous affair.
regarding his presence in the building.

Speculation अटकलबाजी Scrupulous ईमानदार, सतर्क

SYNO : Conjecture, guesswork, SYNO : Conscientious, meticulous,

hypothesis punctilious
Market speculation caused The research has been carried out
artificial price rises. with scrupulous attention to detail

Spurn ठु कराना Shrewd चालाक, कु शल

SYNO : Reject, disdain, rebuff SYNO : Astute, sharp, sagacious

The court spurned the frivolous His shrewd diplomacy averted a

petition. crisis.
 91

Sharp Practice
a way of behaving, in business, that is dishonest but not illegal

Salad days
a period of carefree innocence, idealism, and pleasure
associated with youth.

Shot in the arm

something that has a sudden and positive effect on something,
providing encouragement and new activity

Show the white flag

refers to the act of showing you want to give up, surrender, or show
peace in a particular discussion or argument.

Spick and span

Neat, clean, fresh and new

Stir up a Hornet,s nest

doing something that makes a lot of people very upset and angry.

Street Arabs
old-fashioned or offensive ; a homeless child, especially one who survives by begging and
stealing; urchin

Storm in a tea cup

Worry over a trivial matter

Stir a finger
make the slightest effort to do something, especially to help someone.

Steal a march
gaining an advantage by making a surprise attack or moving troops
undetected.
 92

Scapegoat a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings,

mistakes, or faults of others, especially for
reasons of expediency.

Status Quo the existing state of affairs, especially regarding social

or political issues

Senile showing poor mental ability because of old

age, especially being unable to think clearly
and make decisions

Shoal a large group of fish swimming together

Soliloquy A speech made to oneself

Sang-froid Extreme composure. Literally, “cold blood.”

Sans-souci Carefree. Without worries.

sui generis In a class by itself. Unique

Soignée Elegant, something beyond the

ordinary.

sine qua non Something that is absolutely

necessary. Literally, “that without
which.”
 93

Tangential स्पर्शरेखीय, अप्रासंगिक Temporal लौकिक, अस्थायी

SYNO : Divergent, irrelevant, SYNO : Worldly, transient, secular

peripheral
His tangential arguments The court separates temporal and
distracted from the core issue. religious matters.

Terse संक्षिप्त, रूखा Tedious उबाऊ, थकाऊ

SYNO : Concise, curt, laconic SYNO : Monotonous, wearisome,

boring
The Minister's terse reply avoided Data entry is a tedious but essential
unnecessary details. administrative task

Tantamount तुल्य, समान Tantalizing लुभावना, मोहक

SYNO : synonymous, identical, SYNO : Tempting, enticing, alluring

equivalent in value
They see any criticism of the The tantalizing prospect of Mars
President as tantamount to treason. colonization excites scientists.

Taper क्रमशः कम होना Tangible मूर्त, वास्तविक

SYNO : Narrow, diminish, dwindle SYNO : Concrete, palpable,

perceptible
Vaccine supplies began to taper The scheme brought tangible
after peak demand. benefits to farmers.

Temerity धृष्टता, ढिठाई Tentative अस्थायी, अनिश्चित

SYNO : Audacity, recklessness, SYNO : Provisional, indefinite,
nerve hesitant
He had the temerity to challenge The committee reached a tentative
the court's order. agreement.

Tavern मधुशाला, शराबखाना Tenet सिद्धांत, मूलभूत विश्वास

SYNO : Pub, inn, alehouse SYNO : Principle, doctrine, dogma

Colonial taverns were hubs of Secularism is a basic tenet of our

political discussion. Constitution.

Tenacity दृढ़ता, हठ Tenuous कमज़ोर, अस्त-व्यस्त

SYNO : Persistence, grit, SYNO : Fragile, flimsy, weak
determination
Her tenacity helped clear the civil His tenuous argument collapsed
services in first attempt. under scrutiny.
 94

Throng भीड़, जनसमूह Tranquil शांत, निर्मल

SYNO : Crowd, multitude, swarm SYNO : Peaceful, serene, placid

Throngs gathered for the Prime The Dal Lake looked tranquil at
Minister's rally. dawn.

Threshold सीमा, दहलीज़ Transcendental अतींद्रिय, परम

SYNO : Limit, verge, brink SYNO : Spiritual, metaphysical,

sublime
Poverty levels fell below the Tagore's poetry has transcendental
threshold. quality

Thrive फलना-फू लना, उन्नति करना Torpid सुस्त, निष्क्रिय

SYNO : Flourish, prosper, bloom SYNO : Lethargic, sluggish, inactive

Startups thrive in supportive Bureaucratic torpidity delays

ecosystems. projects.

Throttle गला घोंटना, रोक लगाना Torrid उत्तेजित, उष्ण

SYNO : Strangle, suppress, stifle SYNO : Scorching, passionate,

heated
Corruption throttles economic The torrid debate continued till
growth. midnight.

Thrust ज़ोर, मुख्य विषय Totalitarian सर्वसत्तावादी

SYNO : Gist, core, essence SYNO : Authoritarian, dictatorial,

autocratic
The budget's thrust was on North Korea remains a totalitarian
increasing Aatmanirbharta. regime with absolute state control.

Thwart विफल करना, रोकना Tout जोरदार प्रचार करना

SYNO : Foil, frustrate, obstruct SYNO : Promote, praise excessively,

brag
Vigilant citizens thwarted the Advertisements touted the
robbery. scheme's benefits before elections.

Tirade आक्षेप, कटु भाषण Transgress सीमा उल्लंघन करना

SYNO : Diatribe, harangue, rant SYNO : Violate, infringe, overstep

The MP's tirade against the bill The Pakistan army transgressed
lasted 30 minutes. the ceasefire agreement.
 95

Transitory क्षणिक, अस्थायी Trifling तुच्छ, नगण्य

SYNO : Temporary, fleeting, SYNO : Trivial, insignificant, petty

ephemeral
His loyalty towards his partner The corruption case involved more
roved to be transitory. than just a trifling sum of money.

Transpire घटित होना, पता चलना Truncate छोटा करना, काट-छाँट करना

SYNO : Occur, happen, emerge SYNO : Shorten, abbreviate, curtail

The full truth never transpired in The court ordered the speech to be
the scam. truncated to avoid misinformation.

Travesty भद्दा अनुकरण, उपहास Tumultuous अशांत, उत्तेजनापूर्ण

SYNO : Mockery, parody, distortion, SYNO : Chaotic, turbulent, stormy

grossly inferior imitation
Their married life was a complete The tumultuous protests led to a
travesty. curfew in the city.

Treachery विश्वासघात Trivial मामूली, छोटी-मोटी

Betrayal, perfidy, Minor, negligible,

SYNO : SYNO :
disloyalty inconsequential
The spy's treachery compromised The dispute started over a trivial
national security issue but escalated quickly.

Tremulous कांपता हुआ Tutelage संरक्षण, शिक्षण

SYNO : Shaking, quivering, nervous SYNO : Guardianship, mentorship,

guidance
Her tremulous voice revealed Under the tutelage of her senior,
anxiety. she learned policy drafting.

Tribulation कष्ट, दुःख Toddler शिशु, छोटा बच्चा

SYNO : Hardship, suffering, ordeal SYNO : Infant, young child

Farmers face tribulations during The Anganwadi scheme focuses on

droughts. nutrition for toddlers.
 96

Take cue from

To copy what someone already did in past in order to be
successful

Take into one’s head

To suddenly decide to do something ,often silly or surprising

Take someone for a ride

To cheat

Take the bull by the horns

to face a difficulty courageously

Take to task
criticize or speak angrily to someone for something that they have done
wrong

Thick-skinned person
Not easily offended

Throw down the gauntlet

to show that one is ready to fight, argue, or compete with someone

Too many irons in the fire

Engaged in too many activities

Turn one’s coat

To change one’s party

Turn up one’s nose at

To reject, refuse
 97

Tautology the use of two words or phrases that express

the same meaning, in a way that is
unnecessary and usually unintentional

Taxonomy a system for naming and organizing things, especially

plants and animals, into groups that share similar
qualities

Teetotaller someone who never drinks alcohol

Telepathy the ability to know what is in someone else's

mind, or to communicate with someone
mentally, without using words or other
physical signals

Theist someone who believes in the existence of a

god or gods, especially a god who created the
world and who acts to influence events:

tête-à-tête An intimate conversation. Literally, “head to

head.”

Tour de force A show of skill. An exceptional

achievement.

Tout de suite As soon as possible

Tout le monde Everyone. Literally, “all the world

Tempus fugit time flies

 98

Ubiquitous सर्वव्यापी Upshot नतीजा, परिणाम

SYNO : Omnipresent, pervasive, SYNO : Outcome, consequence,

universal result
Mobile networks are now The upshot of the policy was
ubiquitous across rural and urban increased farmer protests.
areas.

Uninhibited निर्बाध, बेरोक Uproar कोलाहल, हंगामा

SYNO : Unrestrained, impulsive, SYNO : Commotion, outcry, tumult

free-spirited
Her uninhibited speech during the The controversial law caused
debate impressed the panel. parliamentary uproar.

Undaunted निडर, अविचलित Uppish घमंडी, अकड़बाज़

SYNO : Fearless, resolute, SYNO : Arrogant, snobbish, haughty

courageous
The IAS officer was undaunted by His uppish behavior alienated
political pressure. grassroots workers.

Unctuous चापलूस, मक्खनलगा Usurp अनधिकार हथियाना

SYNO : Smarmy, oily, ingratiating SYNO : Seize, encroach, appropriate

illegally
The unctuous tone of the lobbyist The general attempted to usurp
raised red flags. power from the elected
government.

Upbraid फटकारना, डाँटना Unscathed सकु शल, अक्षत

SYNO :Rebuke, reprimand, chastise SYNO : Unharmed, unhurt,

untouched
The CAG upbraided the department The diplomat emerged unscathed
for financial irregularities. from the political scandal.

Urbane शिष्ट, परिष्कृ त Unfeigned अकृ त्रिम, सच्चा

SYNO : Sophisticated, polished, SYNO : Genuine, sincere, heartfelt

suave
His urbane diplomacy eased Her unfeigned empathy won public
international tensions. trust during the disaster.

Upheaval उथल-पुथल, क्रांतिकारी परिवर्तन Umbrage रुष्ट होना, नाराज़गी

SYNO : Turmoil, disruption, chaos SYNO : Offense, resentment, pique

The economic upheaval affected The community took umbrage at

millions of livelihoods. the insensitive remarks.
 99

Uncouth अशिष्ट, गँवार Uncanny अलौकिक, विचित्र

SYNO : Crude, boorish, unrefined SYNO : Eerie, supernatural,

preternatural
His uncouth behavior at the summit His uncanny ability to predict
embarrassed the delegation. market trends amazed analysts.

Ulterior गुप्त, छिपा हुआ Unprecedented अभूतपूर्व

SYNO : Hidden, undisclosed, covert SYNO : Unparalleled, extraordinary,

novel
The agreement had ulterior The pandemic caused
motives affecting national security. unprecedented economic
disruption globally.

Underwhelm निराश करना Unwieldy भारी-भरकम, असुविधाजनक

SYNO : Disappoint, fail to impress SYNO : Cumbersome, bulky,

unmanageable
The budget underwhelmed The unwieldy bureaucracy delayed
economists expecting bold project approvals.
reforms.

Urn कलश, अस्थि-कलश Ululate चीखना, विलाप करना

SYNO : Vase, pot (for ashes) SYNO : Howl, wail, lament

The archaeological dig uncovered Women ululated during the

ancient urns. traditional funeral rites.

Uxoricide पत्नी की हत्या Unilateral एकतरफा

SYNO : Wife-killing SYNO : One - sided

The dowry-related uxoricide Overthrowing him from the

shocked the nation. position was a unilateral decision
by one member of the alliance.

Umpteen असंख्य, अनगिनत Unassailable अजेय, अटल

SYNO : Countless, innumerable SYNO : Invincible, impregnable,
indisputable
The Act faced umpteen Her argument was unassailable,
amendments before passing. backed by irrefutable evidence.
 100

Under the weather

If someone is or feels under the weather, they feel ill

Up one’s sleeves
to have secret plans or ideas

Up a blind alley
a situation or method that is not effective or will not produce results

Up in arms
to be very angry

Up the creek
to trouble someone

Up in the air
If a matter is up in the air, it is uncertain, often because other matters have to be decided first

Under the sun

in existence ; on earth

Under duress
Under pressure

Under his nose

directly in front of someone.

Under the cloud

in suspicion
 101

Uxorious excessively fond of or submissive to a wife

Utopian relating to a perfect or ideal existence, or a visionary

scheme of such perfection.

Usurer a formal and disapproving term for a

person who lends money with high interest
rates.

Unscrupulous behaving in a way that is dishonest or unfair

to get what you want.

Unanimously an adverb that describes something that is

agreed or supported by everyone in a group.

Ut supra As previous.

ultima ratio The last argument

ultra vires Beyond power

Umami a category of taste in food (besides

sweet, sour, salt, and bitter)

Ubermensch an ideal human being who has overcome

the limitations of traditional morality and
religious beliefs
 102

Volition इच्छाशक्ति, स्वेच्छा Veteran अनुभवी व्यक्ति, पुराना सैनिक

SYNO : Will, Choice, Determination SYNO : Expert, Seasoned, Old hand

She left the job of her own volition "The veteran soldier shared his
to pursue higher studies. battlefield experiences with the
recruits."

Vernacular स्थानीय भाषा, मातृभाषा Vanguard अग्रदल, नेतृत्व करने वाला समूह

SYNO : Dialect, Colloquial speech, SYNO : Forefront, Pioneer,

Jargon Trailblazer
The poet wrote in the vernacular to Tech companies are the vanguard
connect with rural audiences. of innovation in the modern
economy."

Vagrant आवारा, घुमक्कड़ Verbatim शब्दशः, शब्द-दर-शब्द

SYNO : Wanderer, Drifter, Homeless SYNO : Word-for-word, Literal,

person Exact
"The city implemented programs to "The court reporter transcribed the
rehabilitate vagrants." testimony verbatim."

Vibrant जीवंत, ऊर्जावान Vernal वसंत ऋतु का, युवा

SYNO : Lively, Dynamic, Energetic SYNO : Springlike, Fresh, Youthful

"The vibrant colors of the festival "The vernal equinox marks the
brightened the streets." beginning of spring in March."

Venal रिश्वतखोर, बिकाऊ Versatile बहुमुखी प्रतिभा

SYNO : Corrupt, Bribable, SYNO : Adaptable, Multitalented,
Mercenary All-round
"The venal official was dismissed "Leonardo da Vinci was a versatile
for accepting bribes." genius - painter, inventor and
scientist."

Vanity घमंड, व्यर्थता Verisimilitude सत्यता का आभास

SYNO : Conceit, Narcissism, Ego SYNO : Realism, Plausibility,

Authenticity
"His vanity prevented him from "The novel's verisimilitude made
admitting his mistakes." the fictional world feel completely
real."

Vacillate डगमगाना, झिझकना Valiant बहादुर, वीर

SYNO : Waver, Hesitate, Dither SYNO :Courageous, Heroic, Gallant

"She vacillated between accepting "The valiant soldier rescued

the job offer and pursuing further civilians under heavy fire."
studies."
 103

Vagary मनमौजीपन, अप्रत्याशित परिवर्तन Vacuous खोखला, निरर्थक

SYNO : Whim, Caprice, Quirk SYNO : Empty, Blank, Inane

"The vagaries of monsoon affect "The vacuous expression on his

Indian agriculture significantly." face showed he wasn't paying
attention."

Vestige अवशेष, निशान Vertigo चक्कर आना, भ्रम

SYNO : Trace, Remnant, Relic SYNO : Dizziness, Giddiness,

Lightheadedness
"The ruins are the last vestige of an "Looking down from the cliff edge
ancient civilization." gave me a sudden attack of
vertigo."

Vituperate गाली देना, भर्त्सना करना Verbiage शब्दाडंबर, अतिशब्दप्रयोग

SYNO : Berate, Revile, Lambaste SYNO : Wordiness, Verbosity,

Prolixity
"The coach vituperated the team "The contract was full of
for their poor performance." unnecessary legal verbiage."

Vehement जोरदार, प्रबल Venerate पूजा करना, सम्मान देना

SYNO : Fervent, Passionate, SYNO : Revere, Worship, Adore

Forceful
"She made a vehement protest "Many Indians venerate Mahatma
against the unjust law." Gandhi as the Father of the Nation."

Vapid नीरस, फीका Vista दृश्यावली, नज़ारा

SYNO : Insipid, Dull, Lifeless SYNO : Panorama, View, Prospect

"The vapid speech bored the "The hilltop offered a breathtaking

audience to sleep." vista of the valley below."

Vault तिजोरी, मेहराब Valedictory विदाई संबंधी, समापन भाषण

SYNO : Strongroom, Arch, Leap SYNO : Farewell, Parting, Closing

"The bank vault contains priceless "The valedictory speech at

artifacts for exhibition." graduation moved everyone to
tears."

Vex परेशान करना, खीझ पैदा करना Venerable पूजनीय, सम्मानित

SYNO : Annoy, Irritate, Bother SYNO : Respected, Esteemed,

Revered
"The constant noise from "The venerable old professor had
construction work vexed the taught generations of students."
residents."
 104

Vexed question
Controversial issue

Vote with your feet

Showing disapproval by leaving or refusing to participate

Vanish into thin air

To disappear suddenly and completely

Virtue is its own reward

Doing good is satisfying in itself, regardless of recognition

Vent one's spleen

To express anger or frustration
 105

Valetudinarian A person who is unduly anxious about their

health; someone who is excessively
concerned with being or becoming ill.

Verbose using or expressed in more words than are needed

Ventriloquist A person who can speak without moving

their lips, especially while making it seem as
though a puppet or dummy is talking.

Virtuoso A person highly skilled in a fine art, especially

music or performance.

Vignettes Short, descriptive scenes or stories that

focus on a moment, character, or detail.
Often used in literature or film.

Vis-à-vis Literally, “face to face.” More generally,

compared to.

Veritas vincit Truth Conquers.

Verbatim Exact words

Veni, vidi, vic “I came, I saw, I conquered.”

Verklempt Highly emotional

 106

Waggish मज़ाकिया, चंचल Wanton उच्छृंखल, अकारण किया हुआ

SYNO : Humorous, Playful, Jocular SYNO : Reckless, Unprovoked,

Licentious
"His waggish remarks lightened the
mood of the meeting." "The wanton destruction of public
property was condemned by all."

Wail विलाप करना, रोना Wrench झटका देना, मरोड़

SYNO : Howl, Lament, Bemoan SYNO : Twist, Jerk, Tug

"The child began to wail when he "He wrenched his ankle while
lost his toy." playing football."

Waive छोड़ देना, त्याग करना Whet तेज़ करना, उत्तेजित करना

SYNO : Relinquish, Forgo, Abandon SYNO : Sharpen, Stimulate, Arouse

"The university waived the "The trailer whetted our appetite

application fee for economically for the new movie."
weaker students."

चापलूसी करना, मनाना-

Wayward मनमौजी, स्वेच्छाचारी Wheedle
फु सलाना
SYNO : Unruly, Willful, Perverse SYNO : Coax, Cajole, Flatter

"The wayward child refused to "The child wheedled his parents

follow any instructions." into buying him a new toy."

Withered मुरझाया हुआ, कु म्हलाया Worldly सांसारिक, भौतिकवादी

SYNO : Shriveled, Dried up, Wilted SYNO : Earthly, Materialistic,

Sophisticated
"The plants withered in the "His worldly wisdom helped him
scorching summer heat." navigate complex business deals."

Waspish चिड़चिड़ा, क्रोधी Wan फीका, निस्तेज

SYNO : Irritable, Snappish, Testy SYNO : Pale, Pallid, Feeble

The politician responded to the
reporter's question with a waspish "After her illness, she looked wan
tone, implying it was a foolish inquiry. and tired."

Wrangle झगड़ा, तकरार Whim सनक, मनमौजी इच्छा

SYNO : Quarrel, Altercation, SYNO : Caprice, Fancy, Impulse

Squabble
"The neighbors had a wrangle over "He bought the expensive watch on
the boundary wall." a whim."
 107

Wily चालाक, धूर्त Wry तिरछा, व्यंग्यपूर्ण

SYNO : Cunning, Crafty, Sly SYNO : Ironic, Sardonic, Twisted

"The wily fox escaped the hunter's "She gave a wry smile when she
trap again." heard the exaggerated praise."

चेहरा बिगाड़ना (दर्द/अप्रसन्नता गढ़ा हुआ, बनाया हुआ (प्रायः धातु

Wince Wrought
से) का)
SYNO : Flinch, Grimace, Cringe SYNO : Crafted, Fashioned, Molded

"She winced when the doctor gave The wrought-iron gate was a
her the injection." masterpiece of blacksmithing."

Witty हाजिरजवाब, विनोदी Wretched दयनीय, अभागा

SYNO : Clever, Humorous, Quick- SYNO : Miserable, Pitiable,

witted Deplorable
"His witty remarks kept the "The wretched conditions of the
audience entertained." slums shocked the visitors."

Withstand सहन करना, झेलना Writhe (दर्द में) छटपटाना

SYNO : Endure, Resist, Bear SYNO : Squirm, Twist, Contort

"These buildings can withstand "The injured soldier writhed in pain

earthquakes up to 8.0 magnitude." on the battlefield."

Wistful उदासीन, विरक्त Waver डगमगाना, झिझकना

SYNO : Melancholic, Yearning, SYNO : : Hesitate, Vacillate, Falter

Nostalgic
"She gave a wistful smile while "Her confidence began to waver
remembering her childhood." under intense questioning."

Wary सतर्क , चौकस Wispy पतला और हल्का (बाल/धुआँ)

SYNO : Cautious, Vigilant, Alert SYNO : Filmy, Gossamer, Feathery

"Investors are wary of putting "Wispy clouds floated across the

money in volatile markets." sunset sky."

Wrath प्रचंड क्रोध Wrest ज़बरदस्ती छीनना

SYNO : Fury, Rage, Ire SYNO : Seize, Wrench, Extract

"The king's wrath fell upon those "The rebels tried to wrest control of
who betrayed him." the capital."
 108

Wash dirty linen in public

To expose private affairs in public

Watching grass grow

Very boring

Water under the bridge

something happened in the past and is no longer important

Weal and woe

Ups and downs

Wears heart on sleeves

Express feelings openly

Wet blanket
One who spoils the enjoyment

Wet behind the ears

Young and without experience

White elephant
Costly or troublesome possession

White lie
A minor lie

Will o’ the wisp

Elusive/unreal, something that is impossible to get or achieve
 109

Warlock A man who practices witchcraft; a male

witch.

Watershed A turning point or critical moment in history or

development.

Whimsical Playfully unpredictable or fanciful.

Writhe To twist or squirm in pain, discomfort, or

embarrassment.

Wanton (adj.) Deliberately cruel or violent; (noun) a

playful or immoral person.

Weltanschauung A comprehensive, specific view of the

world, often reflecting a fear or concern

Weltschmerz World weariness. A sense of

disillusionment with society

Weltgeist World spirit. The motivating concept of the

world. Something that is behind all the
phenomena that we can perceive.

Wanderlust Desire to wander

Wunderkind Wonder child, usually refers to a prodigy.

Someone who achieves success at an early age or
stands out from her or his contemporaries.
 110

Xeric Characterized by a dry, desert-like

environment.

Xenophobia Fear or hatred of foreigners or strangers.

Xenial Relating to hospitality between host and

guest; friendly.

X-factor A special quality that makes someone

or something stand out.

Xylography The art of engraving on wood.

 111

Yardstick मापदंड, मानक Yawn जम्हाई लेना / उबाऊ चीज़

SYNO : Benchmark, Standard, SYNO : Gape, Bore, Tedious

Criterion
"GDP growth is often used as a "She tried to hide her yawn during
yardstick for economic progress." the lecture."

Yearn तड़पना, लालायित होना Yelp चीख़ (आमतौर पर जानवर की)

SYNO : Long, Crave, Pine SYNO : Shriek, Howl, Bark

"She yearned for her homeland The puppy yelped when someone
after years abroad." stepped on its tail.

Yield उत्पादन, फल देना / झुक जाना Yokel गँवार, अनपढ़ ग्रामीण

Surrender, Produce,
SYNO : SYNO : Bumpkin, Rustic, Hillbilly
Capitulate
"This field yields a high quantity of "The city crowd mocked him as a
wheat." yokel."

Yoke जुआ (पशुओं का), गुलामी Yeoman विश्वसनीय कर्मचारी / छोटा किसान

SYNO : Harness, Bondage, SYNO : Worker, Serviceman,

Oppression Freeholder
"The farmers used a yoke to plough "He was the yeoman of the office,
the field." handling tasks efficiently."

Yonder वहाँ पर, दूर Yare फु र्तीला, तैयार

SYNO : Distant, Faraway, Beyond SYNO : Quick, Agile, Nimble

"The village lies yonder, beyond "The yare ship dodged the storm
those hills." easily."

Yen तीव्र इच्छा, लालसा Yob गुंडा, उपद्रवी

SYNO : Desire, Urge, Longing SYNO : Vandalize, undermine,

disrupt
"He had a yen for adventure since "The yob vandalized the bus stop
childhood." last night."
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Zing उत्साह, जोश ZEAL उत्साह, जोश

SYNO : Enthusiasm, Vigor, liveliness SYNO : Eagerness

Her performance added zing (जोश) She worked with great zeal for
to the show. social justice.

ZEPHYR हल्की हवा, समीर ZENITH चरम बिंदु, शिखर

SYNO : Gentle Breeze SYNO : Apex, Top, Acme, Apogree,

Summit, Apothesis
A zephyr blew through the garden His career reached its zenith after
turning the who environment the Oscar award.
lovely.

ZEALOT कट्टरपंथी, उन्मादी Zealous उत्साही, कट्टर

SYNO : fanatic, Over enthusiastic, SYNO : Passionately devoted to a

Chagrined, Radical cause
He was a zealot who refused to The team was zealous about
compromise. winning the competition.

ZANY सनकी, मज़ाकिया Zoetic जीवन संबंधी

SYNO : Eccentric, Wacky, clownish SYNO : Pertaining to life; living

His zany behavior amused The zoetic energy of the forest

everyone. amazed her.

ZEST उत्साह, चाव Zeitgeist युग की चेतना

SYNO : Gusto, Passion SYNO : The defining spirit or mood

of a historical period.
She cooks paneer with great The film captured the zeitgeist of
zest. the 1960s.

ZILCH कु छ नहीं, शून्य Zero in on ध्यान कें द्रित करना

SYNO : Nothingness SYNO :To focus or direct attention,

concentrate
After hours of searching, we found The student zeroed in on scoring
zilch. the highest marks ever.