WEST BENGAL GEOGRAPHY Notes 1

WEST BENGAL GEOGRAPHY

CLIMATE OF WB

SUBJECTS ANS
1 Type Tropical Monsoon
2 Hottest place of WB Asansol
3 Coldest place of WB Tigers Hill/Sandakafu (Darjeeling)
4 Driest district of WB/District having lowest rainfall in WB Puruliya
5 Highest rainfall occurring place in WB Bauxa duars
6 Lowest rainfall occurring Place in WB Mayureshwar (Birbhum)
7 Avg. Rainfall in WB 175 cm (In INDIA 118 cm)
8 First Monsoon rain in WB 8th June (North Bengal 5th June and South Bengal 8th June)
9 Max cyclone Comes From Bay of Bengal
10 Monsoon rain occurs due to Southwest Monsoon due to Bay of Bengal Branch
11 Mango Shower Malda, Murshidabad
12 Tea Shower Darjeeling
Western plateau district (Puruliya, Bankura, West
13 Loo/Andhi
Bardhaman, Birbhum, Jhargram, West Midnapur)

LAKES IN WEST BENGAL

1 Sagardighi Lake Murshidabad

2 Rasik beel Coochbihar
3 Taiberia lake Bankura
4 Senchal lake Darjeeling
5 Bhangzang Salamander lake Darjeeling

ISLANDS OF WB

1 Machranga island North 24 Parganas

2 Rocky island Jalpaiguri
3 Hensy island Bakkhali (South 24 Parganas)
4 Mousuni island Nam Khana (South 24 Parganas)
5 Sagar island Kakdwip (South 24 Parganas)
6 Sabuj island Hoogly
7 Lohachora, Gosaba, Tinkona, Hamilton, Jambudwip, Ghoramara, Marichijhanri Sundarban
8 Bhutni island Malda
9 Nayachar island East Midnapur

SEZs OF WB

1 Falta South 24 Parganas (Multiproduct Zone /Food processing)

2 Manikanchan Salt lake (Gems and Jewellery)
3 Wipro Ltd. Salt lake(IT/ITES)
4 Dalmiya Co. Ltd. Bantala (IT/ITES)
5 TCS Ltd. Newtown (IT/ITES)
6 DLF IT SEZ Limited Rajarhat (IT/ITES)
7 UNITECH HIGH TECH STRUCTURES LTD Rajarhat (IT/ ITES)
• 1st SEZ of WB = Falta.
HYDEL POWER PROJECTS IN WB

1 Mukiet Manipur Dam Kangsabati river in Bankura

2 Tilpara Barrage Mayurakshi river in Birbhum and it’s Joint venture in Jharkhand
3 Massanjore/Canada Dam Mayurakshi river in Jharkhand, Joint venture in WB
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WEST BENGAL GEOGRAPHY Notes 2
4 Rammam Project Rammam river in Darjeeling
5 Sidnapang Hydel Power Plant Rangit river in Darjeeling (1st hydel power station in INDIA, 1897)
6 Deucha Barrage Dwarka river in Birbhum
7 Baidhara Barrage Brahmant river in Birbhum
Kumari Pump Station /
8 Kangsabati river in Puruliya (largest hydel power generation plant located in WB)
Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Station
Damodar river at Durgapur in Bankura district and partly in West Bardhaman
9 Durgapur Barrage
district (Was Constructed by Damodar Valley Corporation)
• Purpose→ Irrigation and supply water to Industrial township of Durgapur.
• Construction Began→ 1953.
• Opening date → 1955.
• The irrigation and Canal system was transferred to Government of WB → 1964.
MOST DISTRICT (DIRECTION WISE)
• Northern most → Darjeeling, Kalimpong.
• Southern most → South 24 Parganas.
• Eastern most → Alipurduar/Coochbihar.
• Western most → Puruliya.

INFORMATION ANS
1 The no. of districts have International Borders 12 districts
2 No. of districts of WB share the State boundary 13 districts
3 No. of districts only having state Boundary but no International Boundary 6 districts
4 No. of districts only having International Boundary but no State Boundary 5 districts
5 No. of districts having International Boundary as well as State Boundary 7 districts
6 No. of districts have no International and State boundary 5 districts
MOST RIVERS OF WB
• Eastern most river _ Sankosh
• Western most river _ Subarnarekha
• Northern most _ Teesta
• Southern most _ Mata
• Eastern most river of North Bengal plain → Raidak
BOUNDARY OF WB
• Bay of Bengal in South.
• Bangladesh and Assam in East.
• Bhutan and Sikkim in North.
• Nepal in North West.
• Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha in the west.

TRANSPORT IN WB

INFORMATION ANS
1 Longest State Highway in WB SH4 (Jhalda to Digha)
2 Shortest state highway in WB SH4A (Tulin-Jhalda-Chasmore)
The total No. of State highway in WB and Maintain by
3 19
PWD/State govt
NH12 (Dalkhola to Bakkhali) (NH34+NH117=NH12)
4 Longest NH in WB
(Previously NH34 was the Longest NH OF WB)
5 Shortest NH in WB NH80 (Farakka to Bihar Border)
NH41 (Kolaghat to Haldia port)(New name of NH41 is
6 Shortest NH totally lies in WB
NH116)
7 Longest railway platform in WB Kharagpur (3rd in INDIA)
8 First metro railway started in India Kolkata (1984)
9 Youngest National Highway in WB NH116B (Nandakumar to Chandaneswar)
10 Total No. of National High way in WB 29

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WEST BENGAL GEOGRAPHY Notes 3
No. of railway Zones in WB → 4
• Eastern railway Zone → Kolkata(Fairley Place). Subdivisions → Howrah, Sealdah, Malda, Asansol.
• South Eastern railway Zone → Kolkata(Garden Reach). Subdivisions → Kharagpur, Adra, Ranchi, Chakradharpur.
• Kolkata metro railway Zone → Kolkata. (It is the smallest and 2nd youngest railway zone)
• North East Frontier railway Zone → Guwahati (Alipurduar and DHR under this railway zone)

AIRPORTS IN WB

1 Kazi Najrul Islam airport Andal (West Bardhaman)

2 Bagdogra/Tenzing airport Siliguri
3 Panagarh/Arjan Singh Airbase Panagarh (Defense)
4 Behala airport Kolkata (Domestic)
5 Hasimara airport Alipurduar (Defense)
6 Kalaikunda airport West Midnapur (Defense)
7 Malda airport Malda (Domestic)
8 Balurghat airport South Dinajpur
The no. of World Heritage Side of WB by UNESCO → 2
• Darjeeling Himalayan railway → 1999
• Sundarban National park → 1987
FAMOUS WETLANDS IN WB

1 Ahiron Jhil Murshidabad

2 Alipore Lake Kolkata
3 Gajol doba Jalpaiguri
4 Dabur char South 24 Parganas
5 Santragachi Jhil Howrah
6 Saheb bandh Puruliya
7 Ballavpur Jhil Birbhum
8 Raiganj lake North Dinajpur
9 Naibon Kolkata

NATIONAL PARKS AND WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES IN WB

• Singolila National park (Declared as a National Park in 1992).

• Mahananda wildlife Sanctuary.
1 Darjeeling
• Senchal wildlife Sanctuary.
• Jorepokhri wildlife Sanctuary.
• Gorumara National park (Declared as a National park in 1994).
2 Jalpaiguri • Chapramari wildlife Sanctuary.
• Pakhibitan wildlife Sanctuary (2015).
• Bauxa National park (Declared as a National park in 1992).
• Jaldapara National park (As a National Park in 2012).
3 Alipurduar
• Bauxa Wildlife Sanctuary (1986).
• Chilapata Forest.
4 Malda • Adina Deer park.
5 Kalimpong • Neora Valley National park (Declared as a National park in 1992).
6 North Dinajpur • Kulik bird Sanctuary/Raiganj Wildlife Sanctuary.
7 Birbhum • Ballavpur wildlife Sanctuary.
8 Nadia • Bethuadahari Wildlife Sanctuary.
9 East Bardhaman • Ramnabagan wildlife Sanctuary.
10 North 24 Parganas • Bibhutibhushan wildlife Sanctuary.
11 Coochbihar • Rasik beel bird Sanctuary.
• Sajnekhali wildlife Sanctuary.
12 South 24 Parganas • Chintamani kar/Narendra pur wildlife Sanctuary.
• Lothian Island wildlife Sanctuary.
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WEST BENGAL GEOGRAPHY Notes 4
• Holiday island wildlife Sanctuary.
• West Sundarban Wildlife Sanctuary(2013).
• Sundarban as a Tiger reserve → 1973.
• Sundarban as a wildlife Sanctuary → 1977.
• Sundarban as a National park declared by govt of India 1984.
• Sundarban as a world Heritage Side by UNESCO →1987(For Mangrove Forest and Biodiversity).
• Sundarban as a Biosphere Reserve→ 1989.
• The part of Sundarban delta, which lies in Bangladesh was the status of Ramsar site → 1992.
• Sundarban West, South, East wildlife Sanctuary located in Bangladesh declared World Heritage Side by UNESCO → 1997.
• Sundarban as a Man and Biosphere Program (MAP) → 2001.
• Sundarban as a Ramsar site → 2019 (It is youngest Ramsar site in WB).

INFORMATIONS ANS
1 Kulik is famous for Bird Sanctuary.
2 Lothian, Holiday, Sajnekhali famous for Crocodile.
3 Neora Valley and Singolila famous for Clouded Leopard.
4 Jaldapara, Gorumara famous for One Horn Rhino.
5 Total No of wildlife Sanctuary in WB 16.
6 Total No of National Park in WB 6.
7 Total No of Biosphere reserve in WB 1.
8 Joint Forest Management policy was started in Bengal 1st in Amabari village of west Midnapur.
9 Largest island of Sundarban Sagardwip.
10 Smallest island of Sundarban New Moore/Purbasa.
Total No of Ramsar sites in WB → 2.
• East Calcutta Wetland = 2002.
• Sundarban Wetland = 2019.
Total No of Elephant reserve in WB → 2.
• Eastern duars Elephant reserve = 2002.
• Mayurjharna elephant reserve = Parts of West Midnapur and Bankura. The reserve & declared on 2002 by Govt of WB.
Total No of Tiger reserve in WB → 2.
• Bauxa Tiger reserve (1983).
• Sundarban Tiger reserve (1973).
Dampier Hodges line → It is an imaginary line passing through North and South 24 Parganas which indicates the Northern most
limits of estuarine zone affected by the tidal Fluctuations.
1 Total Forest Cover in WB according to 2019 Forest report 19-04%.
2 Highest Forest Cover district % wise Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, South 24 Parganas.
3 Lowest Forest cover district % wise Kolkata.
4 Highest Forest Cover district in terms of Area Jalpaiguri, South 24 Parganas, Darjeeling.
5 Lowest Forest Cover district in terms of Area Kolkata.

RIVERS OF WB

CITY RIVER DISTRICT

1 Jalpaiguri Teesta and Karala Jalpaiguri
2 Asansol, Raniganj Damodar West Bardhaman
3 Siliguri Mahananda and Balason Darjeeling
4 Katwa Bhagirathi/Ajay East Bordhaman
5 Kalna Bhagirathi/Mayurakshi East Bordhaman
6 Canning Matla South 24 Parganas
7 Siuri Mayurakshi Birbhum
8 Kolaghat, Tamluk Rupnarayan East Midnapur
9 Rampurhat, Tarapith Dwarka Birbhum
10 Bongaon, Basirhat, Taki Icchamati North 24 Parganas
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WEST BENGAL GEOGRAPHY Notes 5
11 Balurghat Atraie South Dinajpur
12 Bolpur Kopai Birbhum
13 Ilambazar Ajay Birbhum
14 Krishnanagar Jalangi Nadia
15 Coochbihar Torsa Coochbihar
16 Midnapur Kangsabati West Midnapur
17 Puruliya Kangsabati Puruliya

MINERAL RESOURCES
MINERALS DISTRICT LARGEST MINE
1 Iron ore Puruliya, Bankura Jhalda
2 Copper Darjeeling Ranihat
3 Manganese Jhargram, Puruliya Belpahari
4 Dolomite Alipurduar Bauxa Jayanti
5 China clay Birbhum, Bankura Md. Bazar, Khatna
6 Tungsten Bankura Pora pahar
7 Limestone Puruliya, Bankura Jhalda
8 Coal West Bardhaman, Bankura, Puruliya Raniganj (Production wise)
• Largest Coalmine in India (reserve wise) → Deucha Panchami (Birbhum)
Rivers of WB

• West to East → Teesta, Torsa, Sankosh, Jaldhaka, Raidak.

• North to South → Mayurakshi, Damodar, Ajay, Rupnarayan(Silabati and Dwarakeshar), Haldi(Kangsabati and Keleghai),
Subarnarekha.
• Sorrow river of Bengal → Damodar.
• Fear river/River of terror → Teesta.
• Longest river of WB → a) Bhagirathi - Hoogly
b) Damodar
c) Teesta

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WEST BENGAL GEOGRAPHY Notes 6
INFORMATIONS ANS
1 Calcutta changed into Kolkata in the Year of 2001
2 Paddy bowl of WB East Bardhaman
3 North-South distance of WB 623 Km
4 East-West distance of WB 320 Km
5 Which district in called queen of Himalaya Darjeeling
6 Land of white orchid Kurseong
7 Young Hilly town of Darjeeling Mirik
8 Belpahari Hill rock situated in Jhargram
9 Latitude of WB 21°38’N – 27°10’N
10 Longitude of WB 85’50’E – 89°50’E
11 Most Populated Cities of India Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Kolkata(7th)
12 Most populated urban agglomeration/Metropolitan City Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata
13 Largest Million City of WB Kolkata, Asansol, Siliguri, Durgapur
14 Jaydev Kenduli mela associated with Ajay river in Bolpur (Subdivision of Birbhum)
15 Maximum Paddy Cultivation region Eastern district region
16 Net agricultural Sown area East Midnapur
17 Rain water of North 24 Parganas and Kolkata Cleared by Bidyadhari river
18 National Smart Cities Mission launched in 2015
19 Name of the Smart Cities in WB Newtown, Rajarhat, Bolpur, Durgapur, Kalyani, Baruipur
20 Batanagar, Tangra Famous For Tannery
21 Ichapur, Cossipore famous for Gun Factory
22 Rupnarayanpur of West Bardhaman Famous for Telephone wire Industry
23 The Exide Industry is located at Haldia and Shomnagar
24 The Bengal Chemical is located at Panihati
25 Anupnagar is famous for Aluminium Industry near Asansol
26 Himalayan Mountaineering Institute is located in Darjeeling
27 Lyed Botanical garden situated in Darjeeling
28 The no. Of districts having Coastline 2 districts
29 TOTO tribe lives in which district of WB Alipurduar
30 The Mining and Allied Machinery Corporation Durgapur
31 The land surface of WB has got down word slope towards South-East
32 Highest railway Station in INDIA Ghum railway station of the Darjeeling Himalayan railway
33 Paglajhara Falls lies on Mahananda river in Darjeeling
Research Centres
• Jute → Barrackpur.
• Silk → Baharampur.
• Paddy → Kalyani, Chinsura.
• Chin Cona → Morgpu (Darjeeling).
• Milk→ Horingnata, Dankuni.

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