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The Connected Community
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349-99188_Rothfels_ch01_3P.indd 6
 CHAPTER 1

The Connected Community

Discovering the Health, Wealth,

and Power of Neighborhoods

Cormac Russell

John McKnight

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The Connected Community
Copyright © 2022 by Cormac Russell and John McKnight
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This book is dedicated to regular folks who have
committed themselves to enhancing the common good
of their neighborhoods. Thank you for all you do.

v
 This page intentionally left blank

349-99188_Rothfels_ch01_3P.indd 6
CHAPTER 1

Contents

Foreword by Parker J. Palmer ix

Preface xiii

Introduction
What Lies beyond Disconnection? 1

PART ONE: DISCOVER17

Discover at a Glance18

Chapter 1 Homecoming:
Rediscovering the Value of Community21
Chapter 2  The Hazards of the Wrong Map:
From What’s Wrong to What’s Strong31
Chapter 3 The Neighborhood Treasure Hunt:
Basic Building Blocks41
Three Tools for Discovery 53

vii
viii Contents

PART TWO: CONNECT 57

Connect at a Glance58

Chapter 4 Beyond Leaders toward Connectors 61

Chapter 5 The Community Is Waiting to Contribute 73
Chapter 6 The Seven Functions of Connected Communities 85
Three Tools for Connection 101

PART THREE : MOBILIZE 105

Mobilize at a Glance106

Chapter 7  Diary of a Neighborhood Made Visible and Vibrant

Part 1: Step by Step from Crisis to Connected109
Chapter 8  Diary of a Neighborhood Made Visible and Vibrant
Part 2: Step by Step from Envisioning to Collective Action119
Chapter 9 The Role of the Useful Outsider 135
Three Tools for Mobilization 145

Conclusion
The Connected Community—Not So Wild a Dream! 151

The Connected Community at a Glance 159

Discussion Guide 165
Notes and Sources 175
Resource Guide 1: The We Can Game 177
Resource Guide 2: Chapter 5 Tables 187
Acknowledgments191
Index193
About the Authors oo
About Nurture Development, the Community
Renewal Centre, and the ABCD Institute oo
CHAPTER 1

Foreword
Parker J. Palmer

When someone asks where we live, we normally respond by naming a

city and perhaps a state or county. If we know and trust that person, we
might share our street address.
But if the question goes deeper—“No, really, where do you live? Tell
me about the community you call home”—and we can’t offer much more
than GPS coordinates, is there a there there for us? If we don’t have a story
to tell about the people and the human and natural history to be found
just beyond our front door, do we really live there?
Many of us are hard-pressed to provide color commentaries on our
own neighborhoods, and for that we pay a price. Our disconnection from
“people and place” diminishes our quality of life. It’s one of the root causes
of a range of personal and political pathologies in today’s industrialized
societies.
Isolation and the loneliness that comes with it lead to illnesses of the
mind and body. In an interactive community, where people know enough
about one another to notice and care, those maladies would arise less often
and be treated sooner when they do. Disconnection also means there’s no
“We the People” to shape their collective fate or hold power accountable.
Authoritarian rulers work hard to separate people from one another by

ix
x Foreword

fanning the flames of mutual suspicion that burn civic community to the
ground, leaving them free to rule as they will.
If these are among the concerns that led you to pick up this book, you
were well led. Cormac Russell and John McKnight are leading advocates
and practitioners of Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD), a
movement that’s been challenging and changing the thinking of every­
one who works in the field of community development since 1993, when
McKnight and John Kretzmann published the groundbreaking Building
Communities from the Inside Out.
The ABCD movement is a practical and proven response to the failure
of external approaches to community issues: Give the “experts” a lot of
money and they will solve problems that ordinary citizens can’t solve. As
more than a few “urban renewal” efforts show, that arrogant, materialistic
top-down approach has led to millions of wasted dollars and more than
a few tragic consequences.
Positive and persistent social transformation always involves local
residents finding ways to pool and invest their gifts in a common cause.
But if that’s going to happen, we first need to develop the X-ray vision
and imagination that will allow us to see the human gifts that are so often
hidden in plain sight. That’s where the ABCD approach begins. It then
proceeds to strategy and on-the-ground action as people seek to connect
with one another, humanize their communities, and democratize their
nation.
For me, ABCD’s credibility as a movement is enhanced by the fact that
it excludes no one in its approach, as illustrated by its work with people
with developmental disabilities. McKnight tells a moving story about his
friend Pat Worth, who had been labeled “mentally retarded” in his youth
and warehoused in an institution. Pat managed to shed that label and es­
cape from that place and build a new life, as he said, “through chance and
good fortune.”
Eventually, Pat had the vision for People First, which has grown into
an international self-advocacy organization for people with disabilities.
In Pat’s words, “We are not disabled. We are ‘dis’ but not disabled; we’re
disconnected. We don’t need services, we need community.”
 Foreword xi

The last three words in that powerful statement apply to all of us.
But unlike Pat Worth, a lot of us think of ourselves as powerless to do
anything about it. We feel trapped by powerful external forces that make
disconnection our lot, from segregated neighborhoods to economic forces
that deprive us of personal and communal time.
Nothing worthy can happen when we give away our birthright gift of
human agency. When we gather with others to build a better life together,
whatever agency we have at our command multiplies many times over
and builds collective confidence in our capacity to restore our common
life. That’s where this book can take us, with its well-tested array of tools
and strategies for reclaiming and exercising agency in the creation of
connected neighborhoods and communities.
This act of recovery begins where all creativity begins: in active imag­
ination. Imagine, for a moment, all that may be hidden in the space be­
yond your front door. As the authors suggest, that very likely includes
the following:

The skills, knowledge, passions, and experiences of neighbors whose

names you don’t recall or barely know. The informal clubs and groups
that you are not a member of. The local institutions that contribute
in small but important ways that you never hear about. The physi-
cal gems that lay hidden in the built and natural environment, yet
to be discovered by you and many of your neighbors. The cultural
­treasures buried behind invitations you have never received.

As this book unfolds, it reveals how ordinary folks can make these
invisible treasures visible and vibrant for people who live adjacent to one
another and want to relate to one another. As example after example shows,
once this social capital becomes visible, it can be invested in powerful
ways to renew our health, security, care, local economy, ecology, and food
sovereignty.
What makes for a thriving nation? That’s an urgent question today,
when the bodies politic of many nations around the world are clearly
in ill-health. The great American poet Walt Whitman had an answer,1
xii Foreword

penned around the start of the American Civil War, when the country’s
body politic seemed close to taking its last breath:

STATES!
Were you looking to be held together by the lawyers?
By an agreement on a paper? Or by arms?

Away!
I arrive, bringing these, beyond all the forces of courts and arms,
These! to hold you together as firmly as the earth itself is held together.

By “These!” Whitman meant the relationships that are forged between

neighbors. If we are to thrive as human beings, if democracy is to work as
intended, it will depend on what Whitman called “countless linked hands”
across our respective lands. This book shows us how to keep working for
that democratic vision through connected communities.

Parker J. Palmer is the author of ten books, including Healing the Heart
of Democracy, and founder of the Center for Courage & Renewal.
He is a former community organizer.
CHAPTER 1

Preface

History teaches us that all sustainable change happens at the grassroots

level and then spreads out from there to create further ripples of change.
Some of these ripples combine to create big waves; most trigger countless
small and unexpected impacts that overlap and intersect in ways we’ll
never know the full importance of. This book is written in the wake of
local ripples made by regular people in their communities using what they
have to secure what they need. Their stories largely go untold, because
they are modest, and do not feature heroes or Hollywood endings.
There are no stories about great leaders or crusaders in these pages.
The Connected Community is about places, and about the combined efforts
of the people who make them vibrant and are made vibrant by them. It
is about neighbors taking responsibility for their local communities so
that they and those they love can have a decent life, and so that future
generations can expect to do the same.
These community stories have much to teach us about getting better
at being human together. The late South African theologian Bishop Des­
mond Tutu popularized the term Ubuntu, which means “a person is a
person through other people” or “I am because we are.” Through this word
he emphasized a route toward a decent life, or what in this book we refer

xiii
xiv Preface

to as the Good Life, which is about collective effort and cooperation, not
individualism and competition. Ubuntu is the opposite of the sentiments
expressed in the famous Frank Sinatra song “I Did It My Way,” which ro­
manticizes the American idol known as the “rugged individual” or what
some call the “self-made person.” Individualism is a superhighway to a
sick, depressed, and dissatisfied life and a fragmented society. Ubuntu, by
contrast, says we are not self-reliant, we are other reliant; that life is not
about self-fulfillment and leaning into work and money. Instead, a satis­
fying life is largely about leaning into our relationships and investing in
our communities; it is about interdependence, not independence.
This book aligns with the principles of Ubuntu, then goes on to show
how we can discover and create Ubuntu in everyday life, by making visible,
connected, and vibrant the invisible ingredients that surround us, using
an approach called Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD). By
tracing the footsteps of social explorers around the world who have hap­
pened upon the Keys to the Good Life, we have made plain a three-stage
process for making the journey from disconnected neighborhood to Con­
nected Community. We define these three stages as Discover, Connect,
and Mobilize.
In learning from these local community-led change efforts from
around the world, we see three simple but incredibly inventive strategies
being used (all of which are thoroughly explored in this book):

1. People form connections with their neighbors beyond their work-

place, family, and friendship groups, because they know that
­neighbor-to-neighbor connections matter much more than most
­people realize.
2. They start addressing problems and possibilities by building on what’s
strong and local, not on what’s wrong and external.
3. They view their neighborhoods as primary sites for the Good Life to
flourish; in other words, for them, satisfying and sustainable growth is
not just about personal development or institutional reform, as com-
monly assumed, but about the Connected Community and the health,
wealth, and power of neighborhoods.
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