Message from the Executive Board Members
Esteemed Delegates,
On behalf of the Executive Board Members of the Disarmament and International Security
Committee (DISEC) at Leading University International Model United Nations 2024 (LUIMUN
2024), we send a hearty welcome to all DISEC delegates attending this distinguished conference.
We are privileged to be invited to speak at this distinguished gathering, which has been convened
to discuss the critical agenda of "Assessing the Efficacy of Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaties
Focusing on CTBT and Preventing Nuclear Proliferation."
In an international landscape that is perpetually changing, the selection of this agenda is a
deliberate acknowledgment of the urgent challenges that the global community is confronted
with. As DISEC delegates, you carry the critical obligation of engaging in in-depth talks and
constructive dialogue to explore creative ideas and advocate for collaborative ways to lessen the
hazards posed by nuclear proliferation.
The issues associated with nuclear nonproliferation are critical, transcending national interests
and necessitating collective action. The efficacy of global covenants, such as the Comprehensive
Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), in preventing nuclear proliferation continues to be a critical
issue. These challenges necessitate our unwavering dedication to the preservation of global peace
and security, as well as our collective expertise and foresight.
Your role as DISEC delegates is essential in the development of a more secure future. The ideals
that serve as the foundation for the United Nations and its specialized bodies are exemplified by
your commitment to diplomacy, negotiation, and multilateral cooperation.
We extend our warmest regards as you prepare for LUIMUN 2024. May your involvement
embody the most exemplary standards of diplomacy and collaboration, thereby facilitating the
achievement of significant results that contribute to a more secure and peaceful world.
Warm regards,
Executive Board Members
Disarmament and International Security Committee (DISEC)
Leading University International Model United Nations 2024
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Delegate Manual
Table of Contents
No. Content Page No.
1 About Model United Nations 2
2 Basic Guideline: How to Research 3
3 Rules of Procedure (ROP) - UNA USA 4
4 Documentation: 7
4.1) Position Paper: Guidelines + Sample
4.2) Working Paper: Sample
4.3) Draft Resolution: Sample
About the United Nations
Model United Nations (MUN) is an international relations initiative wherein students get insights
into the United Nations and the tenets of international diplomacy. Delegates at MUN conferences
reflect the positions of envoys from diverse countries or organizations, participating in discussions
and debates on critical global topics. The aim is to improve participants' comprehension of global
politics while also cultivating essential abilities including research, public speaking,
argumentation, and collaboration. Model United Nations (MUN) is a widely popular
extracurricular activity among students globally. In some instances, it is integrated into the
curriculum and at times offered as a course. Delegates ready themselves for the session's theme by
examining their nation's policies, drafting position papers, and using diverse standards and
methodologies. During the process, proposed resolutions undergo a vote at the conference's
conclusion, seeking consensus for the adoption of policies that reflect the collective interests of
the participating nations.
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How to Research
Esteemed Delegates,
Research is a critical component in adequately preparing for a Model United Nations conference.
There are multiple methods for conducting research. We propose many steps that may prove
beneficial.
Step 1: Scrutinize the Study Guide thoroughly from start to finish.
Step 2: Examine the committee and its mandate.
Step 3: First, delineate and categorize the agenda. Strive to understand the definitions of the
essential phrases in the agenda.
Step 4: Perform an analysis of the relevant sections of the agenda.
Step 5: Examine the nation's perspective.
Step 6: Examine previous resolutions.
Delegates should also consider the following throughout their research: The national policies of
each country.
Authorized Sources: United Nations websites, Committee's website, significant treaties or
resolutions, and United Nations Reports. Prior UN resolutions, Reuters, et cetera.
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Rules of Procedure- UNA USA:
Quorum:
The minimum number of delegates needed to start a committee
UNGA – 1/4
UNGA Plenary – 1/3
UNSC – 9 members
Other Conventional Committees – 1/3
Roll Call:
Delegates of countries present in the committee will be called out by the dais members in
alphabetical order. There are two ways to respond to the roll call.
a. Present and Voting: While voting for a substantial matter, the delegate has the right to say
either “Yes” or “No.”
b. Present: While voting for a substantial matter, the delegate has the right to say “Yes”, “Yes
with rights”, “No”, “No with Rights” or “Abstain.”
Setting the Agenda:
The first order of proceeding for the committee shall be the setting of agenda. The only motion in
order at this time will be in the form of, “The delegate of [country’s name] would like to raise a
motion to set [Topic] to be placed on the committee. For example, “The delegate of the People's
Republic of China would like to raise a motion to set Agenda: The limitations of Sovereignty in
the globalized world” to be placed on the committee.”
The motion requires seconds and is debatable. A provisional speakers list shall be established
with three for and three against the motion with each speaker getting one minute. Voting shall be
done after the speakers list is exhausted and the committee shall move into an immediate vote. A
simple majority is required for the motion to pass.
GSL (General Speakers’ List) / Formal Debate:
The Dais members shall open the general speakers list for each topic to be discussed upon the
request of the delegate. If any delegate wishing to have their name in the general speakers list
shall indicate the dais member when asked by the Chair or shall submit the request via writing to
the Dais. By default, the time limit for the general speakers list shall be 90 seconds. For example:
The Delegate of ______ would like to raise a motion to start the GSL.
a. Yielding Time
Delegates recognized by the Chair to address the issue may yield any time following their speech
if there is time left remaining. Time can be yield in three ways:
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i. Yield to the chair: Such a yield should be made if the delegate does not wish the speech to be
subject to comment or discussion. The Chair shall then move on to the next speaker.
ii. Yield to another delegate: The delegate’s remaining time shall be given to another delegate.
iii. Yield to questions: Delegates shall be recognized by the Chair to ask one question per
speech. Answers to the question are limited to the time remaining in the delegate’s speech.
Motions:
The instrument that delegates use to proceed in the committee
Note: In order to pass a motion, you need 50%+1 vote.
a. Suspend GSL:
Upon the recommendation of the Chair or any delegate, the committee may consider a
motion to Suspend General Speakers List for the purpose of a moderated caucus or un
moderated caucus. This motion requires a simple majority vote.
b. Moderated Caucus:
A moderated caucus is a mixture of both formal and informal debate. The proposal for a
moderated caucus must include a time limit for delegate remarks and a time limit for the
entire caucus.
The motion will be in the form of; “The delegate of [country name] would like to raise a motion
for a moderated caucus on the topic [topic sentence] for [time limit] minute with each speaker
getting [time limit] seconds.” For example; “The delegate of the United Kingdom would like to
raise a motion for a moderated caucus on the topic “the need to redefine sovereignty” for 16
minutes with each speaker getting 60 seconds.” During a moderated caucus, the chair shall
recognize delegates for remarks without the use of a speakers list and yields shall be out of
order.
c. Unmoderated Caucus:
An unmoderated caucus is a temporary adjournment. During this time, the rules of procedure are
suspended and the delegates can meet informally with each other and the committee staff to
discuss draft resolutions and other issues. The proposal for an unmoderated caucus must require
a time limit.
It shall be in the form of; “The delegate of [country name] would like to raise a motion for an
unmoderated caucus for [time limit] minutes.” For example, “The delegate of the Republic of
the Congo would like to raise a motion for an unmoderated caucus for 25 minutes”.
Unmoderated caucuses allow delegates to have informal discussions.
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d. Consultation of the whole:
At the discretion of the Board of DAIS, delegates may motion for an informal consultation of the
entire council in which the rules of parliamentary procedure are suspended and go without the
council members moderate the ensuing discussion. It is similar to unmoderated caucus and is
entertained at the discretion of the DAIS. The delegate making the motion must specify the time
limit and a topic of discussion for the consultation of the whole, not exceeding ten minutes. The
motion will be put into a vote and requires a simple majority to pass. During the execution of this
motion, delegates will be expected to remain in their seats and be respectful of speakers at all
times. The moderation will be carried out by the council’s delegates. The DAIS will only permit
two consultations of the whole throughout the conference and can only be extended for a
maximum of five minutes under the discretion of the DAIS. The decision is not subject to appeal.
e. Closure of Debate:
A delegate at any time may move for the closure of debate which will end the debate and all
draft resolutions and amendments will be put into immediate vote. Permission to speak on the
closure of debate shall be accorded only to two speakers opposing the closure, after which the
motion shall be immediately put to a vote. The motion requires a two-third majority decision.
f. Adjournment of the Meeting:
During the conference, a delegate may raise a motion for the adjournment of the meeting. Such a
motion shall not be debated but shall be immediately put to a vote. After adjournment, the
committee shall reconvene at its next regularly scheduled meeting time. Adjournment of the final
meeting shall adjourn the session.
Points:
a. Point of Order:
After a delegate gives a speech, a delegate may raise a point of order and the chair shall consider
the request. A Point of Order must relate to the observance of the rules of the committee or to the
way the chair is facilitating the committee. The Chair has the discretion to refuse to recognize the
point if the delegate has not shown proper restraint and decorum governing the use of such right,
or if the point is negligent in nature.
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b. Point of Parliamentary Inquiry:
If there is no discussion on the floor, a delegate may exercise his/her Point of
Parliamentary Inquiry to request clarification of the present procedural status of a
meeting. Point of Parliamentary Inquiry may never interrupt a speaker.
c. Point of Personal Privilege:
During the conference, a delegate may raise a Point of Personal Privilege, and the Chair
shall immediately address the point. A Point of Personal Privilege must refer to a matter
of personal comfort, safety and well-being of the delegates of the committee. The Chair
has the discretion to refuse to recognize the point if the delegate has not shown proper
restraint and decorum, or if the point is negligent in nature.
d. Point of Information:
It is the point that can be used even while any other delegate is giving their speech. After
a delegate gives a speech, and if the delegate yields their time to the committee for
question and answer session, Points of Information can be raised by delegates from the
floor. The speaker will have the remaining of his or her speaking time to address Points
of Information. Points of Information can only be exercised during General Speakers
List.
e. Additional:
- Plea to Follow Up: reply of a question when asked
- Right to Reply: a right a delegate can use when their sovereignty is breached
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Documentation
Documentation constitutes a significant component of the meeting. This encompasses the
comprehensive perspective of the solution that will be discussed during the conference, including
your positions, viewpoints, and the circumstances of your state. The following are some of the
required documents:
Position Paper: Guidelines
A position paper serves to organize your action plan throughout the conference. The text addresses
your role within the committee, including your country's stance on the agenda, the subjects you
anticipate will be deliberated during the meetings, and the measures you feel should result from
the discussions. You will endeavor to present your perspective on the agenda to the committee,
aiming to persuade them to align with your viewpoint and potentially endorse your plans.
The initial paragraph of the position paper should offer a concise and overarching introduction to
your nation. It should elucidate how the present circumstances in your country correlate with the
committee's agenda and mandate. The second paragraph must delineate the challenges and issues
currently confronting your country, clearly in relation to the agenda and the committee's mandate,
as well as how your country is addressing the situation. The subsequent paragraph should address
the themes that you believe the committee ought to deliberate upon during the conference. Specific
countries or regional entities may be named here if support or cooperation from them is necessary
for your approach. Ultimately, you should incorporate a concluding paragraph detailing the action
plans you wish for this committee to endorse and the rationale behind them. This is the section
where you present remedies to the existing issues. The extent to which your suggestions influence
the ultimate resolution of your bloc or committee is a critical indicator of your effectiveness as a
delegate.
Referencing is a fundamental element of a position paper. Your information's quality is contingent
upon the reliability of the sources you reference. Exercise caution on the sources from which you
gather your data. The most reliable sources are the websites, reports, journals, publications, and
articles of the United Nations or its affiliated organizations and subsidiary bodies. One may also
reference their own nation's government websites, reports, or publications for information
pertaining to their country. The CIA World Factbook is also a recognized citation. It is advisable
to avoid utilizing newspapers, news organizations, or their websites as references due to their
potentially questionable dependability. Additionally, please refrain from using YouTube or
Wikipedia.
The organization of the position papers aims to provoke answers from the delegates that delineate
a nation's viewpoint on a specific subject matter. By offering a framework for a position paper, we
aim for delegates to demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of their country's policies and
interests rather than merely restating sections of the Background Guide.
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Instructions:
• Typeface: Times New Roman,
• Font Size: 12,
• Line Spacing: Single,
• Length: 1 to 1.5 pages,
• Justified Alignment
Should be in a PDF format
A position paper must comprise four sections, as detailed below:
a. Context of the Subject:
b. Stance adopted by your delegation:
c. Proposed Solutions:
d. Citation/ references :
Submission Form: https://forms.gle/o8r273JypqxJe2JbA
Deadline: 21/12/24 Time: 13:00
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SAMPLE OF THE POSITION PAPER
Committee: United Nations Security Council (UNSC)
Country: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Delegation Name: (Your name)
Agenda: International Instruments to Mitigate the Threat of the Use of Nuclear Weapons
by Terrorists
The UK is resolute in believing the specter of terrorism, unlike a foe that a nation state may fight
alone, requires multilateral action to reduce the impact of these immoral attacks upon civilian
targets. As a country that understands the barbarism of a recent terrorist attack killing 33 and
injuring 350 in 2005, the UK fervently demands that the international community continues
pursuing precautionary measures guaranteeing that non-state actors and terrorist organizations do
not obtain Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD).
In doing so, the UK has united with many Islamic countries in condemning the activities of terrorist
organizations such as Al Qaeda. This united multilateral, multicultural front demonstrates to the
international community that counter-terrorist activities are not reflective of anti-Islamic ideology.
The UK’s counter proliferation strategy is far-reaching and multifaceted. Within the framework of
the UN, the UK has worked diligently towards the goals of non-proliferation and physical
protection.
Domestically and multilaterally the UK has been exemplary in reduction of its nuclear weapons
capacity reducing its arsenal to a single system, the Trident system. The UK has also launched the
Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) that was initially developed with cooperation from ten other
countries. Since the beginning of the CTR, the UK has assisted in the disposal of 34 tons of
plutonium, decommissioned Russia’s stockpile of chemical weapons amounting to 40,000 tons,
assisted in the dismantling of nuclear submarines and reprocessing of their spent fuel. Adding to
these auspicious accomplishments, the UK has also helped in placing FSU scientists in sustainable
jobs, spending 3,000,000 pounds to ensure they do not become a proliferation threat. In an effort
to continue this work the UK gave 750,000,000 to the Global Partnership initiative in support of
the CTR. In an effort to combat nuclear terrorist threats the UK has developed the Cooperative
Action against Nuclear Weapons Acquisition (CAANWA). The Foreign & Commonwealth
Offices has developed CAANWA as a model for culturally sensitive national implementation.
CAANWA consists of 6 essential recommendations:
1) Ensuring the Conference on Disarmament begins at the earliest date possible negotiations on an
international verifiable fissile material cut off treaty (FMCT).
2) Follow the example of placing all fissile material under the international inspection regime of
the IAEA.
3) Begin an historic account of fissile material to be published for greater transparency and public
scrutiny.
4) Increase support to international verification regimes in order to meet their growing needs, such
as the IAEA’s Technical Cooperation Fund.
5) Create or strengthen national legislation in support of the IAEA’s Convention on the Physical
Protection of Nuclear Material and Additional Safeguards Agreements.
6) Working under the umbrella of the IAEA, ensure all countries which pose a proliferation threat
are taken seriously.
While always supporting Article IV of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, understanding the
right to peaceful uses of nuclear energy is not absolute or unconditional, and these privileges are
dependent on the IAEA’s evaluation of successful adherence to Articles I, II, and III of the NPT.
The UK asserts the position of our foreign secretary Jack Straw, “These values-– the rule of law,
an independent judiciary, strong parliament, freedom of speech, multilateralism, respect for
human rights – are ones of which we are rightly proud. And they stand in stark contrast to the
repressive and divisive alternative offered by the terrorist. They need to be – and they are – an
integral part of the United Kingdom’s counter terrorism.
References: https://www.un.org/counterterrorism/chemical-biological-radiological-nuclear-
terrorism https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Publications/Factsheet32EN.pdf
https://disarmament.unoda.org/wmd/nuclear/npt/
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/617b0205e90e07198018fa32/UK-national-report-
non proliferation-of-nuclear-weapons-10th-review-conference.pdf
Working Paper
What is a working paper?
The working paper is a solution paper where you are to put your solutions without maintaining
any format. It is called the unofficial solution paper.
The Working Paper Document will thereafter be utilized by Delegates as a guideline during
Unmoderated Caucus sessions in forming a Draft Resolution. The Working Paper is primarily a
solution based document and will follow a structure akin to that of a resolution albeit it does not
include Draft Pre-Ambulatory Clauses and will only contain Draft Operative Clauses.
SAMPLE OF WORKING PAPER
Delegate Name -
Committee – The Third General Assembly
Proposing Nation- United States of America
Topic – Strengthening UN coordination of humanitarian assistance in complex emergencies
1. Encourages all relevant agencies of the United Nations to collaborate more closely with
countries at the grassroots level to enhance the carrying out of relief efforts;
2. Urges member states to comply with the goals of the UN Department of Humanitarian Affairs
to streamline efforts of humanitarian aid;
3. Requests that all nations develop rapid deployment forces to better enhance the coordination
of relief efforts of humanitarian assistance in complex emergencies;
4. Calls for the development of a United Nations Trust Fund that encourages voluntary donations
from the private transnational sector to aid in funding the implementation of rapid deployment
forces;
5. Stresses the continuing need for impartial and objective information on the political, economic
and social situations and events of all countries;
6. Calls upon states to respond quickly and generously to consolidated appeals for humanitarian
assistance;
7. Requests the expansion of preventive actions and assurance of post-conflict assistance through
reconstruction and development.
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Draft Resolution
What is a draft resolution?
Draft resolutions and decisions are proposals presented by one or more members of the
Commissions, or by a member state representing a Group (e.g., EU, GRULAC, etc.), referred to
as the “sponsors,” for the Committee of the Whole's deliberation and the Commission's adoption.
They are frequently referred to as “L’s” due to their “Limited” distribution designation.
FORMAT OF THE DRAFT RESOLUTION
Resolution Name:
Committee:
Agenda:
Authors: [delegations who wrote and will present the draft resolution listed by formal country
name, max 2 or 3 according to committee size]
Signatories: [delegation who support the presentation and discussion of the resolution listed by
formal country name, as many as the entire committee]
The [Committee Name],
[Preambulatory Phrase] [Clause],
{Each clause begins with a present participle (called a Preambulatory Phrase) and ends with a
comma. Preambulatory Phrases should be in italics}
[Operative Phrase] [Clause];
{Operative clauses are punctuated by a semicolon, except your last operative clause which
should end with a period. Operative Phrases should be in italics + bold}
[Final clause]
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SAMPLE OF THE DRAFT RESOLUTION
Draft Resolution 1.1
Committee: United Nations Economic and Social Council
Agenda: Decent Work and Economic Growth
Sponsors: The State of Israel, Republic of Ecuador, Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Signatories: Commonwealth of Australia, Dominion of Canada
The Economic and Social Council,
Affirming the importance of promoting decent work and economic growth as a means of achieving
sustainable development and reducing poverty and inequality around the world,
Recognizing the need for investment in education, training, and skills development to promote
decent work and enhance economic growth,
Reaffirming the commitment of all member states to promoting decent work, including safe and
healthy working conditions, equal pay for equal work, and the eradication of forced labor, child
labor, and all forms of exploitation in the workplace,
Acknowledging the role of the private sector in promoting economic growth and creating job
opportunities, and emphasizing the need for partnerships between the public and private sectors to
achieve sustainable development,
Bearing in mind the challenges faced by developing countries in promoting decent work and
economic growth, and the need for international cooperation and assistance to address these
challenges,
1. Urges member states to promote inclusive economic growth through the implementation
of sustainable policies that support job creation, entrepreneurship, and innovation;
2. Calls upon member states to develop and implement strategies that prioritize the creation
of recent work opportunities and the protection of workers' rights, including access to
social protection systems, fair wages, and safe working conditions;
3. Encourages member states to strengthen partnerships between the public and private
sectors to promote investment in education and skills training programs that prepare
individuals for the jobs of the future and promote lifelong learning;
4. Calls upon member states to address the challenges faced by vulnerable groups, such as
women, youth, persons with disabilities, and migrant workers, in accessing decent work
opportunities and to promote their inclusion in the labor market;
5. Requests the United Nations and other relevant international organizations to provide
technical assistance and capacity-building support to member states in the implementation
of policies and programs that promote decent work and inclusive economic growth.
Chart of Preambles and Operative Clauses:
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