Name_________________________________ Date_______________ Period______
DNA to Proteins Test Review
1. What are DNA and RNA?
2. What was Rosalind Franklin’s contribution to DNA?
3. What are the building blocks of DNA and RNA?
4. What are the components of a nucleotide?
5. What is Chargaff’s rule?
6. In DNA, which structures make up the backbone of the molecule?
7. In DNA, which structures make up the rungs of the molecule?
8. Which type of bonds are found between the phosphate and deoxyribose sugar?
9. Which type of bonds are found in the nitrogenous base pairs?
10. Compare DNA to RNA.
DNA RNA
Sugar
Base pairing
Number of Strands
Location
Purines
Pyrimidines
Different types? Name
them
11. Explain the steps of DNA replication.
12. What does semiconservative mean?
13. Which component of DNA specifies the traits of an organism?
14. What is the complementary strand of DNA 5’ ATTCGTA 3’?
15. What are the two steps of protein synthesis?
16. What is transcription and where does this occur in the cell?
17. What is translation and where does this occur in the cell?
18. Which types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis?
19. Anticodons are found on ___________________ and codons are found on
___________.
20. How many nucleotides are in a codon?
21. Describe the pathway of the central dogma of molecular biology?
22. How many different amino acids are present in the decoding of the genetic code?
23. Which mutation would have the greatest effect on the protein that the genes code for
in DNA? Explain your answer.
24. What is the complementary strand for the following DNA strand:
Template DNA 5’ GGA - TTC - CCG - GCA 3’
DNA 3’ _______________________ 5’
25. What is the mRNA strand for the following DNA strand:
DNA 5’ GGA - TTC - CCG - GCA 3’
mRNA 3’ __________________________ 5’
26. What would be the amino acid sequence from the mRNA strand from # 25?
mRNA__________________________________
Amino Acids______________________________
27. If the amino acid sequence is given tyrosine, proline, aspartic acid, isoleucine,
identify the DNA sequence that codes for this amino acid sequence.
Amino Acid: Tyrosine- Proline- Aspartic acid- Isoleucine
mRNA: __________________________________
DNA : __________________________________
28. Which six codons specify the amino acid arginine?
29. Which codons specify the amino acid for stop?
30. Which codons specify the amino acid for start?
31. Label the following diagram:
A: _______________________________ E: ______________________________
B: _______________________________ F: ______________________________
C: _______________________________ G: _____________________________
D: _______________________________
32. Label the DNA molecule using the following terms: base pair, nucleotide, covalent
bond, weak hydrogen bond, backbone, antiparallel sides, 5’ and 3’, phosphodiester
bond, double bond, triple bond, rungs, A, T, C, G. Be able to describe the structure of
DNA.
36. Label the three parts of the nucleotide.
38. What are the different types of DNA mutations?
38. In a substitution mutation, what are the different outcomes that can occur in the protein?
39. What is a frameshift mutation? What causes a frameshift mutation?
