2023 October Examinations
Faculty: COMPUTER ENGINEERING INFORMATICS
AND COMMUNICATIONS
Department: COMPUTER SCIENCE
Paper Code/s: HCS202/HAI202/HCC202
Paper Title: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Duration: 2 HOURS
Examiner: MR A MURAMBA
Authorized Material: (PEN, PENCIL AND RULER)
INSTRUCTIONS
1. The examination is divided into TWO sections (Section A and B), answer ALL Questions.
2. The question paper consists of three (3) printed pages
DO NOT TURN OVER THE QUESTION PAPER OR COMMENCE WRITING
UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO!!!
1
SECTION A: (50 marks)
1. The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) [30 marks]
a. State and explain the fundamental activities that are involved in the (SDLC)? [8 marks]
b. With aid of examples, benefits and shortcomings, compare and contrast between agile
software development and formal methods? [10 marks]
c. State and explain any three requirements elicitation techniques? [6 marks]
d. Differentiate white box and black box testing. [4 marks]
2. The London Ambulance Service (LAS) disaster [20 marks]
The London Ambulance Service disaster was a major failure of the computer-aided dispatch
(CAD) system that occurred on 26 and 27 October 1992. The system was intended to improve the
efficiency and response time of the London Ambulance Service (LAS), but instead it caused
delays, errors, and breakdowns that resulted in serious consequences for the patients and the
staff. This failure became a case study for software engineering, project management, and
system safety research and education.
a. Discuss the lessons learned from the London Ambulance Service disaster under the following
headings: [16 marks]
i. capturing user requirements
ii. project management
iii. quality assurance
iv. testing
b. What in your view would be the single most important measure to take in developing a mission-
critical system in order to reduce the likelihood of such a disaster? [4 marks]
SECTION B – Case Study: (50 marks)
3. Ready carefully the case study below and use it to answer the following questions. [50 marks]
Case Study: Online Shopping System
You have been approached to design and implement a web-based application that allows customers to
browse, search, and purchase products from a catalog of items offered by different sellers. The system
also allows sellers to register, manage, and sell their products on the platform. The system provides
various features and functionalities for both customers and sellers, as outline in the paragraphs below:
User Stories:
Customers want to create accounts, so that they can access the online shopping system and use its
features. A customer can log in to the system, view and update profile information such as name, email,
address, and payment method, and access shopping cart and order history; browse the catalog of
2
products by category, price, rating, or keyword, to find the products to buy; search the catalog narrow
down the results and find the products more easily; view the details of a product, such as name,
description, price, image, rating, and reviews, to learn more about the product and decide whether to buy
it or not; add products to shopping cart, thus saving the products to purchase them later; modify the
quantity or remove the products from the shopping cart; check out order whilst reviewing the order
summary, and confirm the payment and delivery details. The customer should be able track the status of
any order made and get to know when the order is confirmed, shipped, and delivered. The customer can
also cancel the order and get a refund if the order is not shipped yet. The platform should facilitate
requesting for a refund if the order is not delivered or damaged. After buying, customers must be able to
rate and review the products purchased, sharing feedback and experience with other customers and the
sellers. Also, they can view the ratings and reviews of other customers, so that they can learn from their
feedback and experience and make informed decisions when purchasing other products.
As sellers, just like with customers, they should also be able to create accounts, log in to the system and
manage their profile information and on top of that, access their product catalogs and order history. A
seller can add products to catalog providing the product details and upload more appealing product
images in order to sell products on the platform and reach more customers; provide the product details,
such as name, description, price, image, rating, and reviews; manage inventory by updating the product
quantity, price, or availability, or delete the product from the catalog; view the orders placed by the
customers; confirm the order and notify the customer and the system that the order is accepted and ready
to be shipped; ship the products to customers in order to deliver and get paid. Sellers must be able to
view the ratings and reviews of their products, so that they can monitor the customer satisfaction and
improve products and services. They can also respond to the customer feedback, thus addressing the
customer issues and concerns, and build trust and loyalty.
a. Construct a use case diagram showing all the possible use cases we can extract from the given user
stories for the two actors. [8 marks]
b. Draw a detailed class diagram showing all possible attributes and operations within the classes and
also indicating relationships. [10 marks]
c. From the classes above, pick two classes with the highest number of responsibilities and
collaborations and write down their CRC cards.
[6 marks]
d. Draw a state chart diagram for an order, indicating all possible states it can enter. [6 marks]
e. Draw a sequence diagram for the process of purchasing a product right up to the stage of reviewing
and responding to feedback. [8 marks]
f. You have also been asked to develop a mobile application which will work in the same way as this
web-based application which you were designing as part of the requirements of this project. Can you
come up with and detailed architectural design of the system including this new mobile application
requirement and explain your considerations as well as UI design considerations being cognizant of
the fact that this application should work on any web enabled device i.e., desktops, laptops, tablets
and smartphones. [12 marks]
3
*****END*****
