NGOSS Real World Use

Case
How to realize NGOSS principles?

Release 7.5
GB921R
Version 1.1

July, 2008

©TM Forum 2008

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Notice

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GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 2 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Table of Contents
Notice...................................................................................................................................................................2
Table of Contents ..............................................................................................................................................3
List of Figures ....................................................................................................................................................4
List of Tables ......................................................................................................................................................4
Executive Summary ..........................................................................................................................................5
1. Motivation........................................................................................................................................................6
2. How to realize NGOSS ? ...............................................................................................................................8
3. Decomposition and implementation of eTOM Business Processes ................................................. 11
3.1 Analysis of AS-IS business processes............................................................................................. 11
3.2 Decomposition of eTOM business processes ................................................................................. 14
3.3 Specification of the decomposed business processes ................................................................... 16
3.4 Definition of business process flow .................................................................................................. 17
3.5 Definition of business entity (message) ........................................................................................... 18
3.6 Definition of rule for the business processes ................................................................................... 18
3.7 Learned lesson and open issue ....................................................................................................... 18
Lessons learned ................................................................................................................................. 18
Open Issues ........................................................................................................................................ 19
4. Extension of SID (Shared Information/Data) Model .............................................................................. 20
4.1 Modeling the Extended SID Model................................................................................................... 20
4.2 Designing Database Model based on SID....................................................................................... 22
4.3 Learned lesson and open issue ....................................................................................................... 24
Lessons learned ................................................................................................................................. 24
Open Issue .......................................................................................................................................... 25
5. Designing User Interfaces based on eTOM business processes ...................................................... 26
6. Operational organization based on eTOM .............................................................................................. 28
7. Administrative Appendix ........................................................................................................................... 32
7.1. About this document ..................................................................................................................... 32
7.2. Document History .......................................................................................................................... 32
7.2.1. Version History ...................................................................................................................... 32
7.2.2. Release History ..................................................................................................................... 33
7.3. Company Contact Details ............................................................................................................. 33
7.4. Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................... 33
7.5. About TM Forum .......................................................................................................................... 34

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 3 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

List of Figures
Figure 1.1: NGOSS core principles and related IT technologies 6
Figure 2.1: BPM Architecture (source: TMForum BPM Team) 8
Figure 2.2: Procedure for specifying and implementing the business processes 9
Figure 2.3: Process interaction for service assurance based on eTOM level 2 business
processes 10
Figure 3.1: Mapping the AS-IS business processes into eTOM 12
Figure 3.2: Gap analysis and definition of TO-BE business processes 12
Figure 3.3: Problem handling from customer report among eTOM level 2 processes 13
Figure 3.4: Resource trouble management among eTOM level 3 processes 14
Figure 3.5: Track & Manage Resource Trouble among eTOM level 4 processes 15
Figure 3.6: Example of decomposed business processes 16
Figure 3.7: Template for Business process specification 16
Figure 3.8: Definition of business process flow 17
Figure 3.9: Definition of business entity 18
Figure 4.1: Extension of SID Model 20
Figure 4.2: Example of the extension of SID Model 21
Figure 4.3: Database table information of each system collected in existing OSS 23
Figure 4.4: Conceptual data model based on SID model 24
Figure 5.1: Methodology for extracting and defining user interface from business process
specification 26
Figure 5.2: Extract and normalize GUI chunk from the business process and existing OSS 27
Figure 6.1: Example of user group for operational organization based on eTOM 28
Figure 6.2: Operation Organization for customer problem handling 29

List of Tables
Table 3.1: Example of eTOM business process decomposition 15
Table 6.1: Related eTOM processes of operational organization for customer problem handling31

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 4 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Executive Summary
This document provides illustrative examples of the realization of NGOSS principles
for implementing the Operation Supporting Systems.

Standards are only useful if the industry adopts them. And industry leaders agree that
only impermeable, open standards can meet today’s OSS/BSS challenges.

The intent of this document is to show the one of use case how to use and realize
NGOSS on the real telco’s environment.

Specifically this document describes the followings.

• Illustrates the procedure for specifying and implementing the business

processes.

• How to decompose eTOM Business Processes into lower levels?

• How to realize business process flow based on the BPM?

• How to use and extend SID?

• How to extract & design User Interfaces based on eTOM business

processes?

• How to compose the operational organization?

• For each item, we also described the lessons learned and open issues
for further discussion.

Note also that recent updates in the eTOM Framework process detail (as published in
GB921D Release 7.0) have not yet been reflected in this work, which has been
developed in parallel with the consideration of these detailed process changes, and
has thus been based on previous GB921D releases.

This document should therefore be regarded as a work in progress, and is provided

for information on this basis, at this Release. The detailed contents of the examples
provided should not be taken as a finished view, but as a vehicle for demonstrating
how NGOSS principles can be used and realized through the NGOSS Lifecycle, for
some meaningful – if artificial – situations.

This document should be read in conjunction with the range of NGOSS

documentation, in particular GB927, TMF053B, GB921 and GB922.

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 5 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

1. Motivation
With global competition and ever-evolving technology, corporate management
environment is changing fast while customer’s voice is becoming more powerful and
their fast-changing demands more diverse in the market. ‘Change’ has become the
only trend that is not changing.

In addressing such a trend, agility, flexibility, and efficiency have replaced stability
which we have been pursuing until now. In other words, in this changing environment,
corporate competitiveness now relies on how efficiently and flexibly a company can
follow the trend and address customer demands.

To reflect such demands and trend in the telecommunications sector, TM Forum

suggests NGOSS as a guideline. NGOSS defines the core principles for achieving
business efficiency and agility.

The core principles set by NGOSS can be implemented as the following IT

technologies in Figure 1.1.

TMForum NGOSS
NGOSS core principles for Compliance
Common Communication Vehicle
Externalized Process Control & Policy-enable
architecture
Architectural
Contract Defined Interface & Contract Registration,
Trading View

Business
SID(Shared Information/Data Model) Context
e-TOM Domain Coverage View
(Source: TMF050A, “NGOSS Compliance Testing”)

IT technology

RTE(Real Time Enterprise)

EAI(Enterprise Application Integration)
BPM(Business Process Management)
SOA(Service Oriented Architecture)
BI: Business Intelligence
BAM(Business Activity Monitoring)
(Source: Gartner 2004)

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appear here..1: NGOSS core principles and related IT technologies

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 6 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Among these principles, the Common Communication Vehicle (CCV) can be realized
using EAI (Enterprise Application Integration) technology. The Externalized Process
Control can be realized using BPM (Business Process Management) technology.
And the Contract defined interface & registration, trading principle can be realized
using SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) technology.

These principles are related to the software architectural view. This architecture could
be applied to the other domains such as financial and ERP, not to mention
telecommunication domain.

Then, how can we realize a telco’ s OSS application based on this general
architecture? To answer this question, eTOM (Enhanced Telecom Operations Map)
and SID (Shared Information/ Data) model provides the blueprint for this. eTOM
provides a business process framework for use by service providers and others. SID
provides all the information required to implement use cases based on the eTOM
processes.

But, unfortunately, what eTOM describes now is rather abstract and high level
business processes. And SID also has stayed in the business view, not yet in the
system and implementation view.

In other words, it is still difficult to implement OSS systems by using current eTOM
and SID because they are still too abstract and generic.

This is the reason why it is difficult to find a NGOSS compliant OSS system in the real
world.

So this is the reason why we came to define the detailed procedures for specifying
and implementing eTOM business processes into a real world OSS system.

In the next chapter, we will explain the procedure of applying the business processes
of fulfillment, assurance and billing for service provider’s operation based on software
architecture that adheres to NGOSS core principles.

We hope to suggest a guideline for developing NGOSS compliance application which

is the center of attention among many service providers and software vendors.

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 7 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

2. How to realize NGOSS ?

The NGOSS core principle can be implemented as the following software architecture,
BPM in Figure 2.1. BPM refers to activities performed by businesses to optimize and
adapt their processes.

It includes Process Management which models any of process and simulates,

Process Execution which actively executes the process, Process Monitoring &
Analysis which monitors and analyzes the status of the process, and Repository
which stores processes model and rule detailed by eTOM.

Repository Performance
Process Rules Engine
Management Monitoring
Business
Rules Process
Process Performance
Designer Process Business Monitor
Execution Model

Process Execution Business Activity

Orchestrator Engine Monitoring

Common Communications Vehicle

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appear here..1: BPM Architecture (source: TMForum BPM Team)

In this BPM-based software architecture, we used the following procedure to design

and implement the optimized business processes.

The business processes required for service provider’s fulfillment, assurance and
billing are specified and systemized through the following procedure illustrated in
Figure 2.2.

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 8 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Analysis
Analysis of
of
AS-
AS-IS processes
AS-IS processes
Mapping the result of analysis into eTOM

eTOM
eTOM processes
processes
decomposition
decomposition

Describe responsibilities
of process
Define messages
Business
Business Process
Process
Specification
Specification

Define & visualize Message

Message
the flow of business process (extended
(extended from
from SID)
SID)

Orchestration
Orchestration
Define business
rules Business
Business Rule
Rule
Define GUI

GUI
GUI Design
Design

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..2: Procedure for specifying and implementing the business
processes

This procedure can be largely divided into the AS-IS process analysis stage and the
stage of designing the TO-BE process which is based on the analysis result of current
business processes and eTOM.

At the stage of AS-IS process analysis, the state of existing OSS and business
processes for each service provider is analyzed.

The TO-BE Process designing stage includes rearrangement of specifically analyzed

results of the AS-IS process according to eTOM’s processes classification. It also
includes mapping of separated or integrated parts of the existing process to eTOM,
followed by defining of responsibility of each process for system implementation and
decomposing of eTOM processes into more specific levels according to the defined
responsibilities.

Next is the step of process specification which is necessary for each process in
fulfilling its given responsibility, and orchestration. This is also where categories for
process input and output need to be defined to set the basis for ‘Extended SID’,
which is an extension of NGOSS SID. Also, business rule is extracted from the
process flow. The step of extracting message and rule from business process
specification and orchestration is repeated, through which patterns are created for
suitable application to each process.

Finally, business processes are optimized through abstraction.

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 9 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

In the remaining of the chapter, we will give a detailed step-by-step explanation of

how business process specification and implementation, illustrated in Figure 2.3, is
applied in eTOM’s Assurance area.

Operations
OSR Billing
Fulfillment Assurance
CRM Customer Interface Management

CRM Selling Customer Customer Billing &

Support & Problem QoS / SLA Collections
Readiness Handling Management
Marketing Customer Management
Fulfillment Order
Response Handling

Retention & Loyalty

SM&O
SM&O
Service Service Service Service &
Support &
Configuration Problem Quality Specific Instance
Readiness
& Activation Management Management Rating

RM&O
Resource Resource
Trouble Performance
RM&O
Resource Management Management
Support &
Readiness Provisioning
Resource Data Collection & Processing

SPM&O
S/P S/P S/P S/P Settlements
S/PRM Requisition Problem Performance & Billing
Support & Management Management Management Management
Readiness
Supplier/Partner Interface Management

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appear here..3: Process interaction for service assurance based on eTOM
level 2 business processes

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 10 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

3. Decomposition and implementation of eTOM Business

Processes
eTOM is an ongoing TM Forum initiative to provide a business process framework for
use by service providers and others within the telecommunications industry. eTOM
describes all the enterprise processes required by a service provider and analyzes
them to different levels of detail according to their significance and priority for the
business.

Currently, eTOM Release 6 defines business processes up to level 3, but in order to

implement the actual system according to this, each needs to be defined in more
detail. Also, each of business process as well as flow between the processes needs
to be defined.

3.1 Analysis of AS-IS business processes

The first step of the proposed procedure is the analysis of AS-IS business processes.
The analysis of AS-IS business processes and their existing OSS is necessary for
this. Based on this, we can design the optimized and robust business processes.
Figure 3.1 shows the example for analyzing the AS-IS business processes and
mapping the business processes into the international standard, eTOM. By
performing this process, the weakness and lack of AS-IS business processes could
be identified. For example, as showed in Figure 5, the result of this shows that some
parts of management area are missed or not defined clearly such as service
management & operation (SM&) and Supplier/Partner management & operation
(SPM&O) domain.

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 11 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

OSR Assurance
1. Service Assurance 1.1 Service(Product): Leased Line 1.1.1 customer problem handling

customer

080-789-0099
notify notify

N
notify
end
CRM CRM
Support & Readiness
Customer Problem Handling
Create Customer Track & Manage
Y

Correct & Recover

Problem receipt Testable ? N Y Notif. Of
Request test Fault ? Is repaired? completion
Customer

Support Customer
N
Response center Y

Problem Report Customer Problem

1. Service Assurance 1.1 Service(Product): Leased Line

Customer Problem
Query 1.1.1 customer problem handling
construction Request close

Order Handling
info Repair action
customer
1. Service Assurance 1.1 Service(Product): Leased Line end
1.1.1 customer problem handling
Resource Router/ notify Y

Report Customer Close Customer Isolate Customer

notify request notify Report
080-789-0099T.T switch Fault ?
NE mgmt. Repair action repair result
receipt test

Manage Customer
Div. customer N
Y N end
Problem receipt N Y Notif. Of

Problem
Testable ?

Problem Report Problem

Request test Fault ? Is repaired? completion
Customer 080-789-0099 notify notify notify
N N Counter part Y

Inventory
Response center Fault ? Y
Query request N
Y Notif. Of
construction
Problem receipt Testable ? N Counter part repair
Request N Y
Request test Fault ? Is repaired?
Customer
Resource
info Circuit/link Y action
Repair action Update close
completion
Transport T.T N fault? Report Resource
Response center receipt test Y
Div. repair result inventory
Query
Resource Router/ Y Request request Report
construction
T.T Fault ? Repair action
NE mgmt. Nswitch Request
Repair action repair result close
info
receipt test Repair action
Change Y N
Div. Fault on Fault on NY
restoration
other div.? outside?
activity
Resource Router/ Y Printing result
N
N Counter request Report
FaultY ?
part
NE mgmt.
Div. Resource
T.T
T.T
receipt
Schedule &
switch
test Fault ?

N
N
Repair action
Dispatchrequest
field
Counter part repair
Report
repair result of T.T
SM&O Service Problem Management
SM&O
Field Technician assign technician
Div.
receipt
Resource
T.T Circuit/link CounterYpart Y
N fault? action
Repair result Update
Support & Readiness
Create Service Diagnose
Resource

Survey & Analysis

Transport test Report
receipt Fault ?
Div. repair result inventory
Request request
N Repair action
Counter B repair
part C
N

Support Service Service Problem Trouble Report Service Problem

Resource Circuit/link Y action Update
Change
T.T Y N fault? Resource
Total elapsed Transport
time: Manual processing timeFault onxx
(min):
test Fault on
Automated Y
processing time (min) : xx Report : x
# of handwriting
restoration
receipt repair result inventory
Div. other div.? outside? Request
activity Printing result

Problem mgmt.
N Repair action
N of T.T
Resource Change Y N

Track & Manage Report Service Correct & Resolve

Fault on
T.T restoration Schedule & Fault on Y Dispatch field Report
Field Technician
activity assignother div.? outside? technician Repair result
receipt Printing result
Div. N
of T.T

Field Technician
Resource
T.T
receipt
Schedule &
assign
Dispatch field B
technician
Report
Repair result
C Manage Service Service Problem Problem Service Problem
Inventory
Div.
Total elapsed time: Manual processing time (min): xx Automated processing time (min) : xx # of handwriting : x

Close Service
B C

Total elapsed time: Manual processing time (min): xx Automated processing time (min) : xx # of handwriting : x

Trouble Report

RM&O Resource Trouble Management

RM&O Support & Readiness
Survey & Analysis Create Resource Localize
Manage Resource Resource Trouble Trouble Report Resource Problem
Inventory
Correct & Resolve Track & Manage Report
Support Resource Resource Trouble Resource Trouble Resource Trouble
Trouble Mgmt.
Close Resource
Manage Workforce Trouble Report

SPM&O S/P RM Supply/Partner Problem Management

Support & Readiness Initiate S/P Receive S/P Track & Manage
Support S/P Problem Report Problem Report S/P Problem Report
Problem Report S/P Close S/P
Management Problem Resolution Problem Report

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..1: Mapping the AS-IS business processes into eTOM

Based on the result of analysis, we could define which part of management area
should be designed for TO-BE business processes, as shown in Figure 3.2.

In this aspect, eTOM provides process design guideline to many service providers for
optimizing their business processes, because eTOM is a generalized systematic
display of complex activities conducted throughout the service provider’s organization.
OSR Assurance AS-IS TO-BE

CRM CRM
Support & Readiness
Customer Problem Handling
Create Customer Correct & Recover Track & Manage Problem Track & Problem Track &
Support Customer Problem Report Customer Problem Customer Problem receipt Manage
Receipt Manage
Order Handling
Report Customer Close Customer Isolate Customer
Manage Customer Problem Problem Report Problem Complete Track & Complete Track &
report
Inventory Order Manage Order Manage

SM&O Service Problem Management Survey & Analysis Create Service

SM&O Support & Readiness Service Problem Trouble Report
Survey & Analysis Create Service Diagnose
Support Service Service Problem Trouble Report Service Problem Track & Manage Report Service
Problem mgmt. Service Problem Problem
Track & Manage Report Service Correct & Resolve
Manage Service Service Problem Problem Service Problem Close Service Diagnose
Inventory Trouble Report Service Problem
Close Service
Trouble Report Correct & Resolve
Service Problem

RM&O Resource Trouble Management

RM&O Support & Readiness
Trouble Receipt
Diagnosis
Survey & Analysis Create Resource Localize Resource Diagnosis
Trouble Receipt
Manage Resource Resource Trouble Trouble Report Resource Problem Resource
Inventory
Correct & Resolve Track & Manage Report Track & Manage
Support Resource Resource Trouble Resource Trouble Resource Trouble Track & Manage report
Trouble Mgmt.
Close Resource Close Resource
Trouble Report Close Resource Survey & Analysis
Manage Workforce Trouble Report
Trouble Report Resource Trouble

SPM&O S/P RM Supply/Partner Problem Management

Support & Readiness
Initiate S/P Receive S/P Track & Manage Initiate S/P Receive S/P Initiate S/P Receive S/P
Support S/P Problem Report Problem Report S/P Problem Report Problem Report Problem Report Problem Report Problem Report
Problem Report S/P Close S/P
Management Track & Manage Track & Manage
Problem Resolution Problem Report
S/P Problem Report S/P Problem Report

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 12 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..2: Gap analysis and definition of TO-BE business processes

However, since definitions and flows of such detailed processes are different for each
service provider, it is difficult to set a standard to which such specification can be
applied.

Figure 3.3 below illustrates the process interaction among eTOM level 2 business
processes for customer problem handling based on SLA process flows mentioned in
GB921F document.
Notify
Receive the completion
Problem report of Problem to
from customer customer

CRM
Customer Interface Management

Retention & Loyalty 22. Completion

CRM Support Advised to
Customer Billing &
& Readiness 1.Customer
2. Request 3. Update Collection
Problem
Received Priority Retention Customer QoS/SLA Management
Management
21.Apply Pricing,
Customer Problem Discounting &
Handling 20. Assess Rebate
QoS/SLA Violation
4.Evaluate & 19.Report & Close
Qualify Service
Service O&M Service Trouble 18. Request
Problem Report Investigation &
6.Update Correlation
Service 5. Request
SM&O Support Inventory Service Reconfiguration Service Problem Service Quality
& Readiness Provisioning Management Management
7. Report the
completion of
Reconfiguration 17.Report & Close
8.Evaluate & Resource
Qualify Trouble
Resource Report
Problem

Resource O&M
9. Request
10.Update Reconfiguration
RM&O Support Resource Resource Resource Trouble
& Readiness Inventory Provisioning Management
11. Report
Reconfiguration
16.Receive &
12. Evaluate & Notify
Qualify Problem
S/P Problem Report
15. Update from S/P
S/P O&M S/P information
related with
S/PM&O problem S/P Problem
Support & Reporting &
Readiness Management
13. Initiate 14. Receive
S/P Problem S/P Problem
resolution
S/P Interface Management

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appear here..3: Problem handling from customer report among eTOM level 2
processes

Among processes related to problem handling, ‘Resource Trouble Management

Process’ is further specified into seven level 3 business processes including ‘Survey
& Analyze Resource Trouble’, ‘Create Resource Trouble Report’, ‘Localize Resource
Trouble’, ‘Correct & Resolve Resource Trouble’, ‘Track & Manage Resource Trouble’,
‘Report Resource Trouble’ and ‘Close Resource Trouble Report’ according to the
Operation Process Pattern.

Based on the definition of process in GB921D, interaction among the processes for
problem handling can be displayed as shown in Figure 3.4.

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 13 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Receive
Problem report
from customer

CRM
Customer Interface Management

Retention & Loyalty 22. Completion

CRM Support Advised to
Customer Billing &
& Readiness 1.Customer
2. Request 3. Update Collection
Problem Management
Received Priority Retention Customer QoS/SLA
Management
21.Apply Pricing,
Customer Problem Discounting &
Handling 20. Assess Rebate
QoS/SLA Violation
4.Evaluate & 19.Report & Close
Qualify Service
Service O&M Service Trouble 18. Request
Problem Report Investigation &
6.Update Correlation
Service 5. Request
SM&O Support Inventory Service Reconfiguration Service Problem Service Quality
& Readiness Provisioning Management Management
7. Report the
completion of 17.Report & Close
Reconfiguration
8.Evaluate & Resource
Qualify Trouble
Resource Report
Problem

Resource O&M
9. Request
10.Update Reconfiguration
RM&O Support Resource Resource Resource Trouble
& Readiness Inventory Provisioning Management
11. Report
Reconfiguration
16.Receive &
12. Evaluate & Notify
Qualify Problem
S/P Problem Report
15. Update from S/P
S/P O&M S/P information
related with
S/PM&O problem S/P Problem
Support & Reporting &
Readiness Management
13. Initiate 14. Receive
S/P Problem S/P Problem
resolution
S/P Interface Management

CRM

Service O&M Request resource Create Service

trouble report 1. Evaluate & Qualify Trouble Report
creation Resource Trouble

Resource O&M
3. Request
Root cause Localize Resource
Manage configure & Allocate & Issue Create of trouble
Resource Trouble
Resource Active Install Resource
Inventory Resource Resource Order Trouble 4. Request
Report restoration 10. report
activities Correct & Resolve completion
5. Request 2. Request Resource Trouble of resource
reconfiguration resource 8. notify restoration
of resource trouble completion
restoration of resource Report
Collect, Update & restoration Resource Trouble
Repot Resource Test Report Track &
Configuration Resource Resource Manage
6. Update
Data Provision Resource
resource Close
Trouble Resource Trouble
inventory 9. Close
service problem
7A. Evaluate &
Qualify
S/P problem
7F. Report
Create
Initiate S/P completion of
Service
Problem
S/P O&M Trouble
Report
S/P problem
restoration
Report
7B. Request S/P Report S/P
problem Problem Report
7C. Update S/P restoration
Inventory Track & Close S/P
Manage Manage Problem
S/P 7D. Notify 7E. Close Report
S/P Problem completion of
Inventory Report S/P Problem
S/P problem Report
restoration

S/P Interface Management

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appear here..4: Resource trouble management among eTOM level 3
processes

As showed on Figure 3.1, we extracted business processes from the analysis of AS-
IS business processes and mapped these into eTOM. Based on these result, we can
decompose level 4 business processes from level 3 business processes defined on
eTOM.

3.2 Decomposition of eTOM business processes

We had analyzed AS-IS business processes and mapped these into eTOM model.
Based on these result, we had concluded that responsibilities of eTOM level 3
business processes can become the basis for defining level 4 business processes.

And then, these defined level 4 business processes can be further decomposed more
detail according to each domain such as product, service and resource. For CRM
domain, dedicated processes for specific product could be decomposed into level 5
business processes. For SM&O domain, dedicated processes for specific service
could be decomposed into level 5 business processes.

As mentioned before, to break down the eTOM processes to a more specified level,
responsibilities of GB921D-defined level 3 business process can become the basis
for defining level 4 business processes. For examples, Track & Manage Resource

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 14 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Trouble business process of Resource Operation & Management (RM&O) in Figure

3.4 can be decomposed as in Figure 3.5.

CRM

Service O&M Request resource Create Service

trouble report 1. Evaluate & Qualify Trouble Report
creation Resource Trouble

Resource O&M
3. Request
Root cause Diagnose Resource
Manage configure & Allocate & Issue Create of trouble
Resource Trouble Report
Resource Active Install Resource
Inventory Resource Resource Order Trouble 4. Request
Report restoration 10. report
activities Correct & Resolve completion
5. Request 2. Request Resource Trouble of resource
reconfiguration resource 8. notify restoration
of resource trouble completion
restoration of resource Report
Collect, Update & restoration Resource Trouble
Repot Resource Test Report Track &
Configuration Resource Resource Manage
6. Update
Data Provision Resource
resource Close
Trouble Resource Trouble
inventory 9. Close
service problem
7A. Evaluate &
Qualify
S/P problem

Resource
Create 7F. Report
Initiate S/P
Service completion of
S/P O&M Problem
Trouble S/P problem
Report
Report
restoration

7B. Request S/P Report S/P

Problem Report

trouble report
problem
7C. Update S/P restoration
Inventory Track & Close S/P
Manage Manage Problem
S/P 7D. Notify Report
S/P Problem completion of 7E. Close
Inventory Report S/P Problem

creation
S/P problem Report
restoration

S/P Interface Management

1. Request resource
trouble restoration 2. Request resource
trouble diagnose
Initiate first-in testing
3. Request info.
modification
Modify info. of Activity
open resource trouble completion
report (RTR)

decide
restoration
activity

4.1 Request resource 4.2 Request 4.3 Request 4.4 Request

trouble restoration tracking cancellation Escalate

Schedule & assign Track of Cancel resource Escalate resource

repair activity execution process trouble report trouble report
Request correct
& resolve
resource trouble 5. Receive result of
restoration activity
Activity
completion 6. Notify the change of
status Modify the status of open 8. Request resource
trouble diagnose
Localize
service problem report Resource
Report resource 7. Request the
Trouble
trouble confirmation of restoration

Initiate final testing Activity

completion

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..5: Track & Manage Resource Trouble among eTOM level 4
processes

These defined the level 4 business processes can be further specified more detail
according to domain. Table 2.1 below shows business process decomposition of
levels 4, 5, and 6 according to the aforementioned standards to implement the
system based on the business processes defined in current eTOM.

Business Processes
Decomposition Criteria remark
Level
Level 4 Processes Based on the responsibilities of eTOM Level 3
Processes described on the GB921D document.
Level 5 Processes processes unit for specific product, service or Referenced from the business
resource processes of KT and their
-CRM: dedicated process for specific product operation experiences
-SM&O: dedicated process for specific services
-RM&O: dedicated process for specific resources
Level 6 Processes Decomposed processes if need to be decomposed Referenced from the business
from level 5 processes processes of KT and their
operation experiences

Table 3.1: Example of eTOM business process decomposition

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 15 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Also, Figure 3.6 shows an example of specified level 4 and 5 process decomposition
according to these criteria.

eTOM Newly defined

Level 0~ 3 Process Level 4~N Process
Lev el 2 Lev el 3 P ro cesses Lev el 4 P ro cesses Lev el 5 P ro cesses
P ro cesss P ro cesss P ro cess P ro cesss P ro cess P ro cesss P ro cess
Name Name ID Name ID Name ID
Resource T rack & Manage 1.A.3.3.4 initiate first-in testing 1.A.3.3.4.1
T rouble Resource T rouble
Management Schedule and assign repair 1.A.3.3.4.2
& restoration activities
Initiate final testing 1.A.3.3.4.3
T rack of execution 1.A.3.3.4.4
progress
Modify the information of 1.A.3.3.4.5
open resource trouble
report(RT R)
Modify the status of 1.A.3.3.4.6
resource trouble report
Cancel resource trouble 1.A.3.3.4.7
report
Escalate resource trouble 1.A.3.3.4.8
report
Localize Resource 1.A.3.3.2 Verify the resource 1.A.3.3.2.1
T rouble configuration
Peform diagnostics against 1.A.3.3.2.2
the specific resources
Run testing against the 1.A.3.3.2.3 optical line testing 1.A.3.3.2.3.1
specific resources
Copper line testing 1.A.3.3.2.3.3
DSLAM testing 1.A.3.3.2.3.4
Router testing 1.A.3.3.2.3.5
AAA testing 1.A.3.3.2.3.6
…
Schedule routine testing 1.A.3.3.2.4

Update the open R.T .R 1.A.3.3.2.5

Notify to T rack & Manage 1.A.3.3.2.6

Resource T rouble
processes

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..6: Example of decomposed business processes

3.3 Specification of the decomposed business processes

The responsibility of each decomposed business process, basic process flow for its
implementation, and message to be sent among internal- or inter-business processes
need to be defined.

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 16 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Assurance Level 2 Resource Trouble Level 3

Level 1
L ev el 2 Lev el 3 P rocesses L ev el 4 P ro cesses L ev el 5 P ro cesses Management
P rocesss P rocesss P ro cess P ro cesss P ro cess P rocesss P ro cess
Name
Resource
Name
T rack & Manage
ID
1.A.3.3.4
Name
initiationg first-in testing
ID
1.A.3.3.4.1
Name ID
Title Track & Mange Resource Trouble
T rouble Resource T rouble
Management Schedule and assign repair 1.A.3.3.4.2 Ensure testing, repair and restoration activities are assigned, coordinated and
& restoration activities Summary of
Initiate final testing 1.A.3.3.4.3 tracked efficiently, and that escalation is invoked as required for any open resource
Track of execution 1.A.3.3.4.4 responsibility
Modify the information of 1.A.3.3.4.5 trouble reports in jeopardy.
open resource trouble
report(RTR)
Modify the status of 1.A.3.3.4.6 Pre condition 1 Related resource trouble report (RTR) should be exist
resource trouble report
Cancel resource trouble
report
1.A.3.3.4.7
1 Request resource testing for the open [RTR information]
Escalate resource trouble 1.A.3.3.4.8
report 1.1 Query [Resource Information] to the [1.O.3.1.5_manage resource
Localize Resource 1.A.3.3.2 Verify the resource 1.A.3.3.2.1
T rouble configuration
inventory], using the ‘Resource ID’ attribute of the open [RTR
Peform diagnostics against 1.A.3.3.2.2
the specific resources
Run testing against the 1.A.3.3.2.3 DSLAM testing 1.A.3.3.2.3.1
information] as key.
specific resources
FLC testing
xDLT testing
1.A.3.3.2.3.3
1.A.3.3.2.3.4
1.2 Decide testing type and make [test request information]
NAS testing 1.A.3.3.2.3.5 Basic flow
Circuit (PSTN) Switch testing 1.A.3.3.2.3.6 1.3 Request resource trouble diagnose to [1.A.3.3.4.1_initiationg first-in
…
Schedule routine testing 1.A.3.3.2.4 testing] by passing the selected [test request information]
Update the open R.T .R 1.A.3.3.2.5
2 Update or add [testing result information] to open [RTR information]
Notify to Track & Manage 1.A.3.3.2.6
Resource T rouble
processes
… [elapse]
Decomposition of Exceptional E1.1 If not exist the requested [resource information], cause error.
eTOM Business Processes flow …
Post-condition
Additional Item
RTR RTR ID, action Type, interaction date, interaction complete date, trouble
Info. cause, interaction status, processing priority, resource ID, parent
Interaction ID, RTR creation type, ...
Business
Test Resource ID, resource name, resource type, testing type, …
entity
request
Info.
Testing Test ID, related RTR ID, testing result, testing type, testing date, …

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..7: Template for Business process specification

To define the responsibility, message and flow, we defined the document template;
we call it ‘business process specification’. By using this template, we described all
activities for the business process. This business process specification was described
and defined by the field operator and business analyst with natural language.

This template consists of summary, pre-condition, basic flow, exception flow, post-
condition and business entity.

In the basic flow section, the flow of business process is described. And the business
entity used in business processes is described in business entity section. This
business entity were written in blue color and used to pass information between
processes.

3.4 Definition of business process flow

Until now, we broke down business process into detail levels, and then described the
responsibilities, messages and flow for each decomposed business process.

Based on business process specification, we defined and visualized the flow of

business processes; we call it ‘orchestration’. Actually, all orchestration was designed
by using the process modeling tool. In our case, we used Microsoft BizTalk’s
orchestration designer.

As shown in Figure 3.8, the results or problems occurred in this step, the definition of
business process flow step, are feedback to the previous step, the specification of
decomposed business process step. And after reviewing this result, if necessary, the
specification of decomposed business process is changed. The interaction of these
steps is repeated to optimize the business process.

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 17 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Resource
trouble report
creation

대분
류
RM
&O
중분
류
Resource
Provisioning
소분
류
Configure & A ctiva te
Resource
1. Request resource
BP 대분 RM & Pla nning
Assessing 중분 implementa tion, configura tion소분
Resource a nd activaConfigure
tion & A ctiva te trouble restoration 2. Request resource
제목 류 &O 류 Provisioning 류 Resource Localize
내용
BP자원오더정보를
대분 RM통하여
Assessing & Pla선정된
nning 자원을 물리적으로
중분 implementa 구성하고tion
tion, configura
Resource 활성화하는
a nd activa작업으로서
소분 tion
Configure & A ctiva te trouble diagnose Resource
제목선정된류자원정보를 &O 이용하여 류 [자원정보관리대장]을
Provisioning 통하여 어떤류자원인지Resource 조사하고,
요약 ~
BP자원오더정보를 통하여
Assessing & Pla선정된
nning 자원을 물리적으로 구성하고tion 활성화하는
a nd activa작업으로서
Initiate first-in testing Trouble
내용
대분 RM 중분 implementa tion, configura
Resource 소분 tion
Configure & A ctiva te
제목선정된류자원정보를 &O 이용하여
서비스 장치설정 류 [자원정보관리대장]을
담당자는 [장치설정정보대장]에서
Provisioning 통하여 어떤류자원인지 연동해야할 조사하고,
Resource
요약
5.3 ~
내용 제목
Ta rget 시스템의 IP-Address, Port, 관리자계정, 관리자암호등
BP자원오더정보를
대분
의Assessing
시스템 RM통하여
관련& Pla선정된
nning
정보를 자원을 물리적으로
implementa
중분조회한다. 구성하고tion
tion, configura
Resource 활성화하는
a nd activa
소분 작업으로서
Configure
tion & A ctiva te 3. Request info.
선정된류자원정보를 &O 이용하여
서비스 장치설정류 [자원정보관리대장]을
담당자는 [장치설정정보대장]에서
Provisioning 통하여 어떤류자원인지 연동해야할 조사하고,
Resource
5.4
요약5.3 ~ 서비스 Ta
BP
Ta
장치설정
rget의
자원오더정보를
담당자는IP-Address,
rget 시스템의
시스템의
[장치설정정보대장]에서 Port, 관리자계정, 연동해야할관리자암호등 modification
내용 제목 시스템 통하여
Assessing 버전정보등의
관련& Pla 선정된
정보를 시스템 물리적으로
자원을
nning조회한다. 관련tion,
implementa 정보를 구성하고
조회한다.
configura 활성화하는
tion a nd activa작업으로서
tion
(동일한 장치에서비스
선정된 자원정보를 대해서도이용하여 서로 별도의 버전을
[자원정보관리대장]을
장치설정 담당자는 [장치설정정보대장]에서 가질 수통하여
있다.) 어떤 자원인지 연동해야할 조사하고,

6
5.4
요약5.3
내용
~
서비스 Ta
서비스 Ta
장치설정
장치설정
담당자는
시스템
담당자는IP-Address,
rget 시스템의
rget의시스템의
자원오더정보를 버전정보등의
통하여
관련발행된
[장치설정정보대장]에서
선정된
정보를 서비스 시스템
자원을
조회한다.
Port, 관리자계정,
오더유형을물리적으로
관련 정보를 기준으로
연동해야할
구성하고
관리자암호등
조회한다.활성화하는 작업으로서
Modify info. of Activity
기본
흐름
요약5.3
5.4 서비스 장치설정
(동일한
[오더별명령어대장]에서
~
장치에서비스
선정된 자원정보를
서비스 Ta
담당자는
대해서도
명령어
장치설정
이용하여
rget
장치설정서로[자원정보관리대장]을
셋을 별도의
조회한다.
담당자는
담당자는IP-Address,
시스템의
장치명, 오더유형,
버전을
[장치설정정보대장]에서
서비스유형을
가질 수통하여
[장치설정정보대장]에서 있다.) 어떤 자원인지
Port, 관리자계정,
기
연동해야할
연동해야할
관리자암호등
조사하고,
open resource trouble completion
6 서비스 Ta rget의시스템의
장치설정 담당자는 버전정보등의
발행된 서비스 시스템
오더유형을 관련 정보를 기준으로 조회한다.
6.1
기본 준으로 [오더별명령어대장]에서
을 조회한다.
[오더별명령어대장]에서
5.3
(동일한 장치에서비스
시스템 관련
서비스 Ta
명령어
장치설정
정보를
명령어셋구분코드,
대해서도 셋을
장치설정
조회한다.
서로 조회한다.
별도의
담당자는 일련번호등
담당자는IP-Address,
버전을
[장치설정정보대장]에서
가질 수 있다.)
[장치설정정보대장]에서
연동해야할
연동해야할 report (RTR)
흐름 5.4 서비스 장치설정 담당자는 rget 시스템의
장치명, 오더유형, 서비스유형을 Port, 관리자계정,
기 관리자암호등
6.1 6 서비스 Ta rget의시스템의
장치설정 담당자는
시스템 버전정보등의
관련발행된 정보를 서비스 시스템
조회한다.오더유형을 관련 정보를 기준으로 조회한다.
7 서비스 준으로장치설정 담당자는 조회된
[오더별명령어대장]에서 명령어셋구분코드
명령어셋구분코드, 및 일련번
기본 (동일한 장치에 대해서도
[오더별명령어대장]에서 명령어 셋을 별도의일련번호등
서로조회한다. 버전을 가질 수 있다.)
호를 기준으로을 조회한다. [장치연동명령어셋대장]을 서비스 장치설정 조회한다.
담당자는 [장치설정정보대장]에서 연동해야할
흐름 5.4 서비스 장치설정 담당자는 장치명, 오더유형, 서비스유형을 기
6
6.1 서비스 장치설정 담당자는 서비스 Ta rget 시스템의
장치설정 담당자는
장치명,명령어셋구분코드,일련번호, 버전정보등의
발행된 서비스 시스템
오더유형을 관련 정보를 기준으로 조회한다.
The L4 Decompostions of eTOM Business Processes for Service Fulfillment Area 7.1 7 서비스 장치설정
준으로 담당자는
[오더별명령어대장]에서 조회된 명령어셋구분코드
명령어셋구분코드, 및 일련번 일련번호등
기본 버전정보을 (동일한 장치에 대해서도
[오더별명령어대장]에서 명령어 서로 조회한다.
셋을 별도의 버전을 가질 수 있다.)
호를 기준으로
기준으로
을 조회한다.
[장치연동명령어셋대장]에서
[장치연동명령어셋대장]을 장치연동
조회한다. 명
E2E P roc. Fuctional Level 2 Level 3 P rocesses Level 4 P rocesses Lev el 5 Processes Lev el 6 Processes Lev el 7 Processes 흐름 령어셋을 조회한다. 서비스 장치설정 담당자는 장치명, 오더유형, 서비스유형을 기
Groups Proc. Processs Processs Processs Processs P rocesss Processs 예외 7.1 7
기본
6.1 서비스6
버전정보을
장치설정
서비스
호를기준으로
준으로
기준으로
담당자는
장치설정 서비스 장치설정
[오더별명령어대장]에서
[오더별명령어대장]에서
[장치연동명령어셋대장]에서
[장치연동명령어셋대장]을
담당자는
장치명,명령어셋구분코드,일련번호,
담당자는 조회된 발행된 서비스
명령어셋구분코드
명령어셋구분코드,
명령어 장치연동
조회한다.
오더유형을 기준으로
및 일련번
명 일련번호등
셋을 조회한다. decide
Groups Name Name Name Name Name 을 조회한다.
Name 흐름
사후 7.1
흐름
7
령어셋을 조회한다. 서비스 장치설정 담당자는 장치명, 오더유형, 서비스유형을 기
6.1 서비스 서비스 장치설정 장치설정
준으로
담당자는 장치명,명령어셋구분코드,일련번호,
담당자는
[오더별명령어대장]에서조회된 명령어셋구분코드 명령어셋구분코드, 및 일련번
restoration
예외 버전정보을 호를 기준으로 [장치연동명령어셋대장]에서 장치연동 명 일련번호등
조건
데이
흐름
SNMPOID관대장
령어셋을 조회한다.
기준으로
서비스 서비스
을 조회한다.
장치설정
[장치연동명령어셋대장]을 조회한다.
담당자는 장치명,명령어셋구분코드,일련번호,
activity
Fulfillment CRM Order 사후 7.1 7 장치설정 담당자는 조회된 명령어셋구분코드 및 일련번
Handling Issue Customer Check customer order information 터 예외
CLI명령관리대장 버전정보을 호를 기준으로
기준으로 [장치연동명령어셋대장]에서
[장치연동명령어셋대장]을 조회한다. 장치연동 명
조건 흐름
Order availability 항목 연동결과관리대장 령어셋을 조회한다.
데이 사후 SNMPOID관대장 서비스 장치설정 담당자는 장치명,명령어셋구분코드,일련번호,
예외 7.1
터 CLI명령관리대장
조건 버전정보을 기준으로 [장치연동명령어셋대장]에서 장치연동 명
항목 흐름 령어셋을 조회한다.
연동결과관리대장
SNMPOID관대장
Issue new provisioning customer order 데이 사후
터 예외
CLI명령관리대장
조건
4.1 Request resource 4.2 Request 4.3 Request 4.4 Request
항목 흐름
연동결과관리대장
데이 사후 SNMPOID관대장
trouble restoration tracking cancellation Escalate
터 조건CLI명령관리대장
Issue change customer order 항목 연동결과관리대장
SNMPOID관대장
데이
Issue cancel customer order
터 CLI명령관리대장 Schedule & assign Track of Cancel resource Escalate resource
항목 연동결과관리대장
repair activity execution process trouble report trouble report
Authorize Credit Authorizing or determining customer Check customer
credit accounting status, history

Check established enterprise risk and

Check fraud possibility Request correct
policy guideline & resolve
resource trouble 5. Receive result of
restoration activity
BP Specification Activity
completion 6. Notify the change of
status Modify the status of open 8. Request resource
trouble diagnose Localize
service problem report Resource
BP decomposition Report resource 7. Request the
Trouble
trouble confirmation of restoration

Initiate final testing Activity

completion

Orchestration

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..8: Definition of business process flow

3.5 Definition of business entity (message)

eTOM business processes are driven by message (or business entity). Business
entity means that the information can be exchanged among business processes. This
business entity was described in the business process specification briefly. But, to
define the business entities more detail, we defined the document template like
Figure 3.9. We call it ‘business entity specification’.

Business entity specification template consists of the definition of business entity, its
creation time, attributes and their syntax. This business entity will be used as
message between business processes.

At the next chapter, we will explain how our information model can be designed
based on these business entities as well as SID model.

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 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Entity Specification
Entity RTR information Management area Assurance First creation date 2006.01
classification Interaction Type editor ksok Last update date 2006.05

definition Message that define the needed information for receiving and restoring the resource
trouble
Creation Receiving Resource trouble from the service problem management process or the survey
time & analyze resource trouble process
constraint
Note
Attribute name key Optional Reference
syntaxkey remark
P F Business Entity
ID
RTR creation type
Interaction date
Trouble type
Resource ID
Processing status
Parent Interaction ID
Trouble cause
Interaction
completion date
…
BP Specification

Business Entity Specification

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..9: Definition of business entity

3.6 Definition of rule for the business processes

This section will be described in the future as soon as possible.

3.7 Learned lesson and open issue

Lessons learned
• eTOM can be used as a reliable process design guide

Yesterday, everything was network focused. And most services (or products) were
long-lived services and relatively a simple mixture of them. But today, everything’s
now service focused. Most services are short-lived services and a rather complex
mixture of them.

In real telco’s environment, it seems, in our case, that there is no explicit definition of
product and service and their difference. In this aspect, it seems that more flexibility
for adopting these changes is needed. As suggested on eTOM and SID, the concept
of product and service and is required. And more, “Customer Facing Service” and
“Resource Facing Service” concept is need to apply.

• Need strict constraint to change rules of business process by users

Changing the rules of operational process on-the-fly is very risky. It needs to restrict
against changing the rules of business processes and require the simulation of
changed rules prior to deploy and execute.

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 NGOSS Real World Use Case

The one of solution of this problem is defining multiple levels of users.

For example, the levels of users could be defined like bellow. (refer chapter 6 for
more details)

i. (normal) Operator

ii. Monitor

iii. Administrator

1. System administrator

2. Business processes & rules administrator

Open Issues
• Which level of business processes should be realized using BPM, in the aspect of
performance?

One of issues to consider when using a BPM, workflow engine, is that which level of
functionality should be made visible to the workflow engine. Especially in an
environment where there are huge traffic and high transactions. If we make visible the
fine grained functionality to the workflow engine, a large amount of business logics
are required. As a result of this, processes become slow and inefficient by the
overhead and payload of workflow engine. This creates negative impacts on the
scalability.

On the other hand, what about coarse grain approach? It has some limitations of
flexibility. But the simplified processes make lower traffic volumes for the workflow
engine and are better for the scalability.

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 NGOSS Real World Use Case

4. Extension of SID (Shared Information/Data) Model

SID Model is mentioned in the GB922P document for NGOSS-based OSS design
and development. Likewise SID model can be used in the following manner:

As a starting point for internal modeling work, applications and messages between
software components or database schemas
‹ To help in defining a common business terminology
‹ To help in business transformation programs

SID Model can generally be used as for two things: first, as the base information
model to define messages sent among business process; second, as the base
information model for conceptual data modeling in designing database for OSS.

4.1 Modeling the Extended SID Model

The current SID Model is an abstract information model from the business view. In
order to apply it to the actual system design and development, the eight domains
defined in SID need to be expanded and materialized.

To this end, packages (ex. NeOSS SID) are defined for expansion, and classes that
need new expansion or materialization are defined by the extension of SID-defined
domain and its sub-domain, ABE (Aggregated Business Entity).

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 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..1: Extension of SID Model

We explained how to extract and define business entity in the previous chapter 3. For
designing our information model, business entities, mentioned early, are used to
design our Extended Information Model. But, business entity described all the
attributes needed in its own business entity only, not considering in the information
modeling aspect, such as extensibility, reusability and the relationship with other
entities.

To solve this problem, we derived our information model from SID model and also
generalized our information model from the defined business entities.

For example, Resource trouble report information was defined as one of items in the
business process specifications. And defined more detail on the ‘ resource trouble
report’ business entity specification. Through analyzing all the business entities, we
know there are common attributes between resource order for provisioning and
resource trouble report.

So, we extracted common attributes from these 2 entities and make one as a parent
entity, GOSSResourceOrder entity. And also, one resource trouble report or resource
order business entity may contain more than one resource information.

This can be represented by using the association defined between ResourceOrder

and ResourceorderItem defined in SID. And the report trouble report entity should be
separated into ResourceOrder and ResourceOrderItem entity. According to this, our
own GOSSResourceOrder entity was derived from ResourceOrder entity defined in
SID model.

This information should be made as an XSD (XML Schema Definition) file, and this
XSD file used messages between business processes.

Entity Specification
Entity RTR information Management area Assurance First creation date 2006.01
Entity Specification
classification Interaction Type editor ksok Last update date 2006.05
Entity RTR information Management area Assurance First creation date 2006.01

definition classification
Message Interaction
that define Type information
the needed editor ksok
for receiving Lastresource
and restoring the update date 2006.05
trouble
Creation definitionResource
Receiving Message
trouble that
from define the needed
the service probleminformation
management forprocess
receiving andsurvey
or the restoring the resource
time & analyze resource trouble
trouble process
constraint Creation Receiving Resource trouble from the service problem management process or the survey

Note time & analyze resource trouble process

Attribute name constraint key Optional Reference key remark

Note P F
ID Attribute name key Optional Reference key remark
RTR creation type P F
Interaction date ID
Trouble type RTR creation type
Resource ID Interaction date
Processing status Trouble type
Parent Interaction Resource
ID ID
Trouble cause Processing status
Interaction Parent Interaction ID
completion date Trouble cause
… Interaction
completion date
…

Business Entity

Extended SID Model

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 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..2: Example of the extension of SID Model

4.2 Designing Database Model based on SID

The scope of database model establishment covers areas managed by existing

OSS’s inventory, ordering and workforce management, for supporting telco’s service
fulfillment, assurance and billing.

How to design database model? The Database Model is designed based on the
current data model of existing OSSs and NGOSS SID model.

Reversed data modeling was conducted to confirm the current data model of existing
OSS and to collect around 1700 tables and columns of the tables. Except for tables
needed to link code table with statistics table, all the tables were grouped according to
the nature of their major tasks. The grouped tables are then analyzed for their use
and characteristic, which became the basis for selecting the core entity and finding
the correlations to create the primary practical concept model as shown in Figure 4.3.

While running reverse modeling, the key concept of SID was reflected in the
integrated model by analyzing the NGOSS SID model of TM Forum. SID model is an
information model that focuses on the things related to operation processes of telcos.
Although SID model is not a data model for database designing, it reflects general
concepts on important objects that service providers aim to treat.

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 NGOSS Real World Use Case

fulfillment

Facility
management
Access domain
management

xNMS

assurance

fulfillment
Workforce
manageme
nt

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..3: Database table information of each system collected in
existing OSS

SID model shows generalized concepts of things treated at service providers by using
the UML. This model is neither a data model used for designing a database nor a
basic class model used for developing software. However, since it is a model
independent from a specific service provider, it provides a conceptual basis with its
class to which a core entity derived from a model dependent on a specific company
(e.g., KT) can make a comparison. For example, when a product is purchased by and
provided to a customer, its record is stored in an entity called “contract registration” of
existing OSS. This entity can be generalized as a part that belongs to SID’s ‘Product
(product offering purchased by customer or member)’.

As mentioned earlier, SID model is an abstract model, thus data model design and
software development based on it is impossible. In the data model design, SID model
was used as the conceptual basis to generalize the concept of the core entities of
existing OSS. Core entities of existing OSS include customer, contract register,
product code, equipment, lines, work order, fault registration, lot number information,
organization, and telephony office. These entities make up the backbone of KT’s
operation work as of integrated data model of the model system.

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 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Other than the core entities derived from existing OSS, SID has parts that are
exclusive to SID but reflective in the data model of the NeOSS. Business Interaction
Item and Usage are a couple of main examples. Business Interaction Item contains
the objectives of Business Interaction, which is composed of collection of product,
service, and resource entities. In the existing OSS, objectives of orders related to
product, service, and resource were displayed in either work order or problem report
entity, but the Business Interaction Item has separated such objectives into the
concepts of interaction and interaction item in applying to the integrated data model to
reflect the concept of SID.

SID definition of Usage is ‘an occurrence of employing product, service or resource

for its intended purpose’. In the data model, it is defined as the collection of
occurrence of employing services that make up the corresponding product and
resources that make up the corresponding service.

Figure 4.4 is an illustration of the model that has been derived from such process.

Customer
CustomerAccount Customer
#AccountID CustomerPosesse
#CustomerID
s
AgreementTerms
OrConditions
#StartDate
*EndDate ParentOdr
Requesto
InteractionItem ID
r
AgreementTerms
OrConditionsOn Specification
ServiceUsage BusinessInteraction
PRODUCT Spec Product #InteractionID
#ProductNumber Offering * InteractionDate
ServiceSpecs * InteractionCompleteDate
AvailableFor * InteractionStatus
ProductSpecs
BusinessInteraction[Copy] * isMandatory
SERVICE Spec
BusinessInteraction

#InteractionID #ServiceSpecID
CUSTOMER
Purpose Of

* InteractionDate ORDER
* InteractionCompleteDate

FULFILLMENT

ASSURANCE
* InteractionStatus
RESOURC Spec
#ResourceSpecID SERVICE
ORDER
CUSTOMER USAGE
ORDER
# StartDate
FULFILLMENT

ASSURANCE

* EndDate RESOURCE
ORDER
SERVICE
ORDER Entity
PRODUCT

Receiptor
#ProductSerialNumbe
RESOURCE r
OrderItem

ORDER
OrderItemLocation

SERVICE Party
#ServiceID # PartyID
* Name
OrderProcessHistory * Description
Party[Copy] 관리주체 # processStartDateTime
# PartyID Organizatio
RESOURCE * processEndDataTime
* Name #ResourceID n
* Description Individual
Organizatio
n
ProcessStepCode

Individual PLACE
OrderProcessStepCode
# LocationID GeographicArea Building # ProcessStepCode
* LocationType (#)BLDGCODE * ProcessStepName
* Description

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..4: Conceptual data model based on SID model

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 25 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

4.3 Learned lesson and open issue

Lessons learned
• SID can be used as reliable and extensible base information model for designing
messages and database.
• Some of dynamic modeling needs to be considered for applying in real world.

Some of dynamic modeling patterns (such as characteristic pattern) is good for ideal
design. But, there are some limitation for realizing it, such as performance, usability
and complexity of maintenance.

If we use or apply this characteristic pattern on database modeling, it can gain its
flexibility, but this cause the difficulty of understanding and developing APIs to
supporting features of this pattern.

According to our experience, if the business process or logic is subject to be changed,

it is more desirable to apply these dynamic modeling patterns to improve business
agility and adopt the change of business logic easily.

But, if the performance is more important factor, it is not desirable.

Open Issue
• SID model does not define the whole scope of required information.

Current SID model (Phase 6) does not define the entities required for service
assurance, such as Customer Problem, Service Trouble and Resource Trouble entity.
It needs that these entities should be defined first.

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 NGOSS Real World Use Case

5. Designing User Interfaces based on eTOM business processes

‘Externalized Process Control’ among NGOSS core principles refers to the ability to
separate the business logic and component implementation, and to externally control
the defined business logic. This can be implemented through the BPM technology.

In this process, the change of the business process logic may cause the change of a
user’ screen. To support these changes efficiently, the mechanism is needed that
adopts the changes easily into a user interface (UI) and its flow. In other words, the
user interface and its navigation need to actively reflect this change of the business
logic via external controls. For this, we took the following processes as shown in
Figure 5.1 below.

GUI functions are deduced from business process specification and orchestration
which defines the responsibility and flow of business processes in each specific stage.
These GUI functions are then normalized into small units that can be reused.
Through this process, a collection of reusable GUI functions could be defined.

eTOM Business Process eTOM Business Process Business Process

(Level 3) eTOM (Level 4) Process
Business Specification
(Level 5) Business Rules
Process modeling

Business Process Flow

Messages (SID)
(Orchestration)

define & normalize

UI related function Extract & normalize data for UI

Extract & define GUI Style

UI navigation Guideline
Define Provide
GUI Functions Set GUI Chunk Set
In/Output Guideline

User Task & Navigation

Feedback
Visualize navigation
Feedback

UI Workflow

UI Story Board

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..1: Methodology for extracting and defining user interface from
business process specification

By extracting the attributes - entered by the user or to be shown on the screen – from
the messages of the business process specification, and considering the relationship

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 27 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

of these attributes, some GUI units could be grouped in the reusable atomic units. We
called this unit as ‘GUI chunk’.

Each GUI function defines the display category and screen layout of input and output
as a GUI chunk or a collection of GUI chunks.

Based on such GUI function set and GUI chunk set, and through the analysis of each
business process specification, the flow of user interface related parts, which are
entered by users or displayed, are defined in ‘user task & navigation’.

The UI workflow groups ‘user task & navigation’ in page units by considering user
entry convenience and correlation of information for output, and decides on the
arrangement of GUI functions to be displayed in each page. The layout information of
these GUI functions is in XML format. Therefore, UI-related section regarding
business process logic change is also registered in the UI workflow in XML format to
enable external control.

Such UI workflow needs upgrading of related information whenever there is a change

in the business process specification.

Figure 5.2 shows how to extract and normalize GUI function and chunk set. To
extract GUI related functions, it is required to analyze the user’s screens of existing
OSS as well as business process specifications. As a result, GUI chunks could be
composed of input and output for each GUI function. And also, GUI function set could
be classified into 4 areas such as common, fulfillment, assurance and billing showed
in figure below. As a result, we hope that every user screens could be composed by
using these GUI chunks.

Business Process specifications

Extract GUI function

GUI
function Message
set (SID)

Normalize GUI function

Common Fulfillment Assurance Billing

GUI Input
Chunk
set

Output

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 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..2: Extract and normalize GUI chunk from the business process
and existing OSS

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 29 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

6. Operational organization based on eTOM

Operational organization for service provider’s business processes can be configured
in various ways according to different situations and consequently, the user groups
may become diverse. However, with eTOM as the standard, user groups can
generally be divided into three management areas of fulfillment, assurance and billing.

Also, each management area can be further divided into Customer relationship
management (CRM), Service management & operation (SMO), Resource
management & operation (RMO), and Supply and partner management & operation
(SPMO).

In generally, user role can be divided into administrator, operator, and monitor
according to their roles. Each user role is as follows. Operator takes charge of actual
operation of each management area, administrator manages exception and
escalation in operation, and monitor(supervisor), with c-level of the management
being its major target, is in charge of deciding on long-term situations by reviewing
statistics information on KPI/KQI-related states and general operation.

OSR (Operation Support & Readiness) is divided in a manner unlike those of other
management areas. First part is the business activity monitoring (BAM) part that
monitors current status and performance of business processes and defines KPI/KQI
related attributes that be measured.

Second one is a part managing inventory information for each domain, and third one
is a part that manages the workforce for each activity. OSR sector’s user roles are
given according to each user role of Fulfillment, Assurance, and Billing.

The basic user group of eTOM business processes’ operational organization is as

shown in Figure 6.1. It also displays the organization for customer problem handling.

r ce
fo
R rk
OS wo
o ry
nt
ve
Management Fulfillment Assurance Billing In
Area M
Role CRM SMO RMO SPMO CRM SMO RMO SPMO CRM SMO RMO SPMO BA

Administrator
Customer Response

Service Management

Central (Branch)
Center

Operator
Center

Office

Monitor (supervisor)

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..1: Example of user group for operational organization based
on eTOM

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 30 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Customers register problem report at the operational organization for customer

problem handling. The organization involves the call center which is in charge of
educational negotiation for products, the service management center which handles
problems on service registered by the call center, and the central office (Branch
office) which operates and manages service-related resources.

Customer Customer
Response
Center
Service
Management
Center
Supplier /
Central
Other S/Ps
Partners
Office

Flow mgmt.

Field Technician Wire mgmt. NE mgmt.

mgmt.

Wi-Fi ADSL DSLAM NAS

Modem

AP Access
switch
FES Access
Network Backbone
DSLAM
Access
switch Network
xDSL Ntopia Switch
Modem Switch

FES (O)CSU FLC FLC (O)CSU

Leased Line
Modem

Figure Error! Use the Home tab to apply 제목 1 to the text that you want to
appear here..2: Operation Organization for customer problem handling

According to their roles, each operation organization may be granted access to

eTOM processes as shown in the table below.

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 31 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Operational Role Responsibilities Related eTOM L3 Business

Organization Processes
Customer Administrator Customer problem Support Customer Interface
Response receipt, Management,
Center customer education Create Customer Problem Report,
Isolate Customer Problem,
Track & Manage Customer Problem,
Correct & Recover Customer
Problem,
Report Customer Problem,
Close Customer Problem Report,
Create Service Trouble Report
Support & administrate Support Problem Handling
problem handling Support Retention & Loyalty
Manage Customer Inventory
Support customer QoS/SLA
Operator Customer problem Support Customer Interface
receipt, Management,
customer education Create Customer Problem Report,
Isolate Customer Problem,
Track & Manage Customer Problem,
Correct & Recover Customer
Problem,
Report Customer Problem,
Close Customer Problem Report,
Create Service Trouble Report
Monitor Performance & trend Support Problem Handling
analysis Support customer QoS/SLA
Service Management Administrator Service problem Create Service Trouble Report,
Center management Track & Manage Service Problem,
Diagnose Service Trouble Report,
Correct & Track Service problem,
Report Service Problem, Close
Service Problem report,
Create Resource Trouble Report
Initiate S/P Problem Report,
Track & Manage S/P Problem
Report,
Report S/P Problem Report,
Close S/P Problem Report
Support Service Problem
Support & administrate
Management,
service problem
Manage Service Inventory,
handling
Enable Service Quality Management
Service problem Create Service Trouble Report,
management Track & Manage Service Problem,
Diagnose Service Trouble Report,
Correct & Track Service problem,
Report Service Problem,
Operator
Close Service Problem Report,
Create Resource Trouble Report

Initiate S/P Problem Report,

Track & Manage S/P Problem

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 32 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

Report,
Report S/P Problem Report,
Close S/P Problem Report
Support Service Problem
Performance & trend Management,
Monitor
analysis Support Service Quality
Management
Flow Administrator Resource provision & Create Resource Trouble Report,
Management trouble management Track & Manage Resource Trouble,
Div. and coordinate flows Diagnose Resource Trouble Report,
Correct & Resolve Resource
Trouble,
Close Resource Trouble Report
Initiate S/P Problem Report, Track &
Manage S/P Problem Report, Report
S/P Problem Report,
Close S/P Problem Report
Support & administrate Support Resource Trouble
resource trouble Management,
handling Enable Resource Performance
Management
Manage Resource Inventory,
Manage workforce,
Manage logistics
Resource provision & Create Resource Trouble Report,
trouble management Track & Manage Resource Trouble,
and coordinate flows Diagnose Resource Trouble Report,
Central
Correct & Resolve Resource
Office
Operator Trouble, Close Resource Trouble
Initiate S/P Problem Report, Track &
Manage S/P Problem Report, Report
S/P Problem Report, Close S/P
Problem Report

Performance & trend Support Resource Trouble

monitor
analysis Management
Switch Resource management Diagnose Resource Trouble Report,
Management such as PSTN switch Correct & Resolve Resource Trouble
Div. Operator and IP-based
(PSTN, IP) router/switch,

Wire Center Operator Wire management Diagnose Resource Trouble Report,

Correct & Resolve Resource Trouble

Workforce Operator Field technician Diagnose Resource Trouble Report,

Management management Correct & Resolve Resource Trouble
Div.
Table 6.1: Related eTOM processes of operational organization for
customer problem handling

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 33 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

7. Administrative Appendix

7.1. About this document

This is a TM Forum Guidebook. The guidebook format is used when:

o The document lays out a ‘core’ part of TM Forum’s approach to automating
business processes. Such guidebooks would include the Telecom
Operations Map and the Technology Integration Map, but not the detailed
specifications that are developed in support of the approach.
o Information about TM Forum policy, or goals or programs is provided, such
as the Strategic Plan or Operating Plan.
o Information about the marketplace is provided, as in the report on the size
of the OSS market.

7.2. Document History

7.2.1. Version History

This document will be updated to incorporate interactions and processes as and

when the Use Cases are expanded or further detailed.

GB921R: NGOSS real world use case is being issued as Member Evaluation Version.
This version of the document can be considered valid until it is updated or replaced.
The purpose of an Evaluation Version is to encourage input based on experience of
members and the public as they begin to use the document. Following the
Evaluation Period, documents that are seen to deliver value are candidates for formal
approval by the TM Forum. All documents approved by the TM Forum undergo a
formal review and approval process.

This document will continue under formal change control. Any supporting work will
be issued as companions to this document. A document of this type is a “living
document,” capturing and communicating current knowledge and practices. Further
inputs will be made because of detailed work ongoing in the TM Forum and the
industry.

Version Number Date Modified Modified by: Description of

changes
0.1 19/07/06 Kisang Ok First internal draft
0.5 22/01/07 Kisang Ok Updates
1.0 July 2008 Mike Kelly Final modifications

GB921R 1.0 © TM Forum 2008 Page 34 of 34

 NGOSS Real World Use Case

prior to approval
submission
1.1 July 2008 Tina O’Sullivan Minor corrections prior
to posting.

7.2.2. Release History

<This section records the changes between this and the previous Official document release>

Release Number Date Modified Modified by: Description of

changes
7.5 July 2008 Mike Kelly Initial release of this
addendum as part of
Release 7.5

7.3. Company Contact Details

Company Team Member
Representative
KT (Korea Telecom) Name: Kisang Ok
Title: Senior Researcher/Solution Architect
Email: [email protected]
Phone: +82-42-870-8637
Fax: +82-42-870-8549
At&t Name: Kevin Scaggs
Title: eTOM Team Leader
Email: [email protected]
Phone:
Fax:
tmforum Name: Mike Kelly
Title: Program Manager
Email: [email protected]
Phone:
Fax:

7.4. Acknowledgments

This document was prepared by the members of the TM Forum eTOM team:
o Kisang Ok, KT, Editor
o Mike Kelly, tmforum, Program Manager
o Kevin Scaggs, at&t, Team Leader
Additional input was provided by the following people:

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 NGOSS Real World Use Case

o Name, Company

7.5. About TM Forum

TM Forum is an international consortium of communications service providers and

their suppliers. Its mission is to help service providers and network operators
automate their business processes in a cost- and time-effective way. Specifically, the
work of the TM Forum includes:
o Establishing operational guidance on the shape of business processes.
o Agreeing on information that needs to flow from one process activity to
another.
o Identifying a realistic systems environment to support the interconnection of
operational support systems.
o Enabling the development of a market and real products for integrating and
automating telecom operations processes.
The members of TM Forum include service providers, network operators and
suppliers of equipment and software to the communications industry. With that
combination of buyers and suppliers of operational support systems, TM Forum is
able to achieve results in a pragmatic way that leads to product offerings (from
member companies) as well as paper specifications.

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