✅ 1.

Introduction to Strings

 A String in Java is a sequence of characters.

 Strings are objects of the String class in java.lang package.

 They are immutable: Once created, their values cannot be

changed.

✅ 2. Declaring and Creating Strings

Ways to create strings:

1. String literal

String name = "ICSE";

2. Using new keyword

String name = new String("ICSE");

📘 Java String Methods – With Description, Syntax, Example &

Explanation

Method Description Syntax Example Explanation

Returns number of "Hello".length(
There are 5
length() characters in the str.length() )→5
characters in
string. "Hello".
Returns character "Java".charAt(2
Index 2 refers to
charAt(int
index) at the given index str.charAt(1)
) → 'v'
the 3rd character
(0-based). 'v'.
indexOf(char Finds first index str.indexOf('a' "banana".indexO First 'a' occurs at
ch) of given character. ) f('a') → 1 index 1.
indexOf(char Finds index of Searches 'a'
str.indexOf('a' "banana".indexO
ch, int character from , 2) f('a', 2) → 3
starting from
startIndex) given index. index 2; finds at 3.
Finds last
lastIndexOf(cha str.lastIndexOf "banana".lastIn Last 'a' is at
r ch) occurrence index ('a') dexOf('a') → 5 index 5.
of character.
Extracts substring "Welcome".subst
Extracts from
substring(int
from start index to
str.substring(3
ring(3) →
index 3 to end:
startIndex) ) 'c','o','m','e'
end. "come"
.
Extracts substring "Welcome".subst Characters at
substring(int str.substring(1
start, int end) from start to (end , 4) ring(1,4) → index 1, 2, 3 =
- 1). "elc" 'e','l','c'.
toLowerCase() Converts all str.toLowerCase "ICSE".toLowerC Converts capital
() ase() → "icse" letters to small.
letters to
 Method Description Syntax Example Explanation
lowercase.
Converts all
str.toUpperCase "java".toUpperC Converts small
toUpperCase() letters to
() ase() → "JAVA" letters to capital.
uppercase.
Replaces all old "banana".replac
replace(char str.replace('a' All 'a' replaced
old, char new) characters with ,'e') e('a','e') →
"benene" with 'e'.
new ones.
replace(CharSeq Replaces all old "This
uence oldSeq, str.replace("is is".replace("is 'is' is replaced
CharSequence substrings with ", "was") ", "was") → wherever found.
newSeq) new ones. "Thwas was"
"Hello".concat( Appends "
concat(String Joins the given str.concat("
s) " World") → World" to
string to the end. World") "Hello World" "Hello".
Checks if two
equals(String strings are exactly str.equals("Jav "Java".equals(" Case doesn't
s) the same (case- a") java") → false match, so false.
sensitive).
Checks string "Java".equalsIg
equalsIgnoreCas str.equalsIgnor noreCase("java" Ignores case; both
e(String s) equality ignoring eCase("java")
) → true are same.
case.
"banana".compar "banana" comes
compareTo(Strin Lexicographically str.compareTo("
g s) eTo("apple") → after "apple", so
compares strings. apple") 1 result > 0.
Lexicographic str.compareToIg "apple".compare
compareToIgnore Both are equal
Case(String s) compare ignoring noreCase("Apple ToIgnoreCase("A
") pple") → 0 ignoring case.
case.
Removes spaces " Java ".trim() Removes spaces
trim() from start and str.trim()
→ "Java" around "Java".
end.
Checks if string "weekend".endsW
endsWith(String str.endsWith("e String ends with
suffix) ends with the nd") ith("end") →
true "end".
given suffix.
String.valueOf( Converts primitive String.valueOf( String.valueOf( Converts int 123
primitive) to string. 123) 123) → "123" to string "123".
parseXxx(String
s) e.g. Converts string to Integer.parseIn Integer.parseIn Converts "456" to
Integer.parseIn primitive type. t("456") t("456") → 456 int 456.
t(s)