DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DULIAJAN

SUMMER VACATION ASSIGNMENT

EMI & AC
Class 12 - Physics

1. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]

A transformer is an electrical device which is used for changing the a.c. voltages. It is based on the phenomenon
of mutual induction i.e. whenever the amount of magnetic flux linked with a coil changes, an e.m.f. is induced in
the neighbouring coil. For an ideal transformer, the resistances of the primary and secondary windings are
negligible.

Es Ip ns
It can be shown that Ep
=
Is
=
np
=k
where the symbols have their standard meanings.
For a step-up transformer, ns > np; Es > Ep; k > 1; ∴ Is < Ip
For a step down transformer, ns < np; Es < Ep; k < 1

The above relations are on the assumption that efficiency of transformer is 100%.
output power Es Is
Infact, efficiency η = =
intput power Ep Ip

(a) The number of turns in the primary coil of a transformer is 20 and the number of turns in a secondary is
10. If the voltage across the primary is 220 ac V, what is the voltage across the secondary?

a) 100 ac V b) 110 ac V

c) 120 ac V d) 220 ac V
(b) In a transformer, the number of primary turns is four times that of the secondary turns. Its primary is
connected to an a.c. source of voltage V. Then

a) current through its secondary is about b) voltage across its secondary is about
four times that of the current through its four times that of the voltage across its
primary primary

c) voltage across its secondary is about d) voltage across its secondary is about
two times that of the voltage across its times that of the voltage across its
1

2√2

primary primary
(c) A transformer is used to light 100 W - 110 V lamps from 220 V mains. If the main current is 0.5 A, the
efficiency of the transformer is

a) 95% b) 99%

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 c) 96% d) 90%
(d) Which of the following quantity remains constant in an ideal transformer?

a) Voltage b) All of these

c) Power d) Current
(e) The transformer is used to

a) convert ac to dc voltage b) obtain desired dc power

c) obtain desired ac voltage and current d) convert dc to ac voltage

Question No. 2 to 6 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]
Step-down transformers are used to decrease or step-down voltages. These are used when voltages need to be lowered
for use in homes and factories. A small town with a demand of 800 kW of electric power at 220 V is situated 15 km
away from an electric plant generating power at 440 V. The resistance of the two wireline carrying power is 0.5 Ω per
km. The town gets power from the line through a 4000-220 V step-down transformer at a sub-station in the town.

2. The value of total resistance of the wires is

a) 25 Ω b) 30 Ω

c) 15 Ω d) 35 Ω
3. The line power loss in the form of heat is

a) 650 kW b) 700 kW

c) 550 kW d) 600 W
4. How much power must the plant supply, assuming there is negligible power loss due to leakage?

a) 1400 kW b) 600 kW

c) 1600 kW d) 500 W
5. The voltage drop in the power line is

a) 3000 V b) 2800 V

c) 2000 V d) 1700 V
6. The total value of voltage transmitted from the plant is

a) 7000 V b) 500 V

c) 3000 V d) 4000 V

Question No. 7 to 11 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]
When a pure resistance R, pure inductor L and an ideal capacitor of capacitance C is connected in series to a source of
alternating e.m.f., then current at any instant through the three elements has the same amplitude and is represented as I

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= I0 sin ωt. However, voltage across each element has a different phase relationship with the current as shown in graph.
The effective resistance of RLC circuit is called impedance (Z) of the circuit and the voltage leads the current by a
phase angle ϕ .

A resistor of 12 Ω , a capacitor of reactance 14 Ω and a pure inductor of inductance 0.1 H are joined in series and placed
across 200 V, 50 Hz a.c. supply.
7. The value of inductive reactance is

a) 15 Ω b) 20 Ω

c) 30 Ω d) 31.4 Ω
8. The value of impedance is

a) 20 Ω b) 21.13 Ω

c) 15 Ω d) 30 Ω
9. What is the value of current in the circuit?

a) 10 A b) 15 A

c) 5 A d) 9.46 A
10. what is the value of the phase angle between current and voltage?

a) 63o 9' b) 53o 9'

c) 50o d) 55o 4'

11. From graph, which one is true from following?

a) VL = VC b) VL < VC

c) VL ≥ VC d) VL ≠ VC

12. Suppose the number of turns in a coil be tripled, the value of magnetic flux linked with it [1]

a) becomes 1

3
b) remains unchanged

c) is doubled d) is tripled
13. A square of side L meters lies in the x-y plane in a region, where the magnetic field is given by [1]
→
^ ^ ^
B = Bo (2 i + 3 j + 4k) Tesla, where Bo is constant. The magnitude of flux passing through the square is

a) 2 B L2Wb b) 3 B L2Wb
0 0
−−
c) 4 B L2Wb d) 2
√29 Bo L Wb
0

14. A square loop of wire of each side 50 cm is kept so that its plane makes an angle θ with a uniform magnetic field [1]
of induction IT. The magnetic field is withdrawn in 0.1 s. It is found that the induced emf across the loop is 125
mV. The angle θ is:

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 a) 45o b) 60o

c) 90o d) 30o

15. The dimensional formula for emf ε in MKS system will be [1]

a) [MLT-2Q-2] b) [ML-2Q-1]

c) [ML2T-2Q-1] d) [ML2T-1]

16. A conducting circular loop is placed in a uniform magnetic field, B = 0.025 T with its plane perpendicular to the [1]
loop. The radius of the loop is made to shrink at a constant rate of 1 mm s-1. The induced emf when the radius is
2 cm, is

a) b)
π
μV 2πμV
2

c) πμV d) 2μV

17. A moving conductor coil produces an induced emf. This is in accordance with: [1]

a) Coulomb's law b) Ampere's law

c) Lenz's law d) Faraday's law

18. A metal ring is held horizontally and bar magnet is dropped through the ring with its length along the axis of the [1]
ring. The acceleration of the falling magnet is:

a) more than g b) equal to g

c) either equal to g or more than g d) less than g

19. The direction of induced current in the loop abc is: [1]

a) along abc if I increases b) along acb if I increases

c) along abc if I is constant d) along abc if I decreases

[2023]
20. A magnet is dropped with its north pole towards a closed circular coil placed on a table then [1]

a) no current will be induced in the coil. b) the magnet will fall with uniform
acceleration.

c) as the magnet falls, its acceleration will be d) looking from above, the induced current in
reduced. the coil will be anti-clockwise.
21. A horizontal ring of radius r spins about it's axis with an angular velocity ω in a uniform magnetic field of [1]
magnitude B. Emf induced in the ring is

a) πr 3
ωB b) Zero

c) r 2
ωB d) 2
πr ωB

22. Assume that a motor in which the coils have a total resistance of 10Ω is supplied by a voltage of 120 V. When [1]
the motor is running at its maximum speed, the back emf is 70 V. Current in the coils when the motor is turned
on and when it has reached maximum speed are

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 a) 12 A, 5 A b) 12 A, 4 A

c) 16 A, 5 A d) 14 A, 5 A
23. For MRI, a patient is slowly pushed in a time of 10 s within the coils of the magnet where magnetic field is B = [1]
2.0 T. If the patient's trunk is 0.8 m in circumference, the induced emf around the patient's trunk is

a) 10.18 × 10-3V b) 1.51 × 10-2V

c) 10.18 × 10-2V d) 9.66 × 102V

[2017]

24. A straight line conductor of length 0.4 m is moved with a speed of 7 ms-1 perpendiculars to the magnetic field of [1]

intensity 0.9 Wbm-2. The induced emf across the conductor is

a) 25.2 V b) 2.52 V

c) 5.24 V d) 1.26 V
25. A coil of wire of a certain radius has 100 turns and a self-inductance of 15 mH. The self-inductance of a second [1]
similar coil of 500 turns will be:

a) 15 mH b) 45 mH

c) 375 mH d) 75 mH
26. The current in the primary coil of a pair of coils changes from 7 A to 3 A in 0.4 s. The mutual inductance [1]
between the two coils is 0.5 H. The induced emf in the secondary coil is

a) 220 V b) 50 V

c) 75 V d) 100 V
[2022]
27. The self inductance L of a solenoid of length l and area of crosssection A, with a fixed number of turns N [1]
increases as

a) Both l and A decrease b) l increases and A decreases

c) l and A increase d) l decreases and A increases

28. If an inductor having inductance L is joined to another identical inductor with its one end joined, the resultant [1]
inductance would become

a) 2 L b) L

c) zero d) L

29. Two inductors of inductance L, each are connected in series with opposite mutual inductance. What is the [1]
resultant inductance?

a) 2 L b) zero

c) L d) 3 L
30. If the speed of rotation of a dynamo is doubled, then the induced e.m.f. will [1]

a) become four times b) remain unchanged

c) become half d) become double

31. An ac generator consists of 8 turns of wire, each of area A = 0.0900 m2, and the total resistance of the wire is [1]

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 12.0Ω . The loop rotates in a 0.500 T magnetic field at a constant frequency of 60.0 Hz. Maximum induced emf
is

a) 116 V b) 136 V

c) 126 V d) 106 V
32. A dynamo works on the principle of: [1]

a) Induced magnetism b) Induced current

c) Electromagnetic induction d) Faraday's effect

33. In a region of uniform magnetic induction B = 10-2T, a circular coil of radius 30 cm and resistance π ohm is
2 [1]

rotated about an axis, which is perpendicular to the direction of Band which forms a diameter of the coil. If the
coil rotates at 200 rpm, the amplitude of alternating current induced in the coil is

a) 6 mA b) 4π
2
mA

c) 200 mA d) 30 mA
34. The working of a dynamo is based on the principle of [1]

a) Electromagnetic induction b) Heating effect of current

c) Magnetic effect of current d) Chemical effect of current

35. You have a 200.0 Ω resistor, a 0.400-H inductor, 5.0 μF a capacitor, and a variable frequency ac source with an [1]
amplitude of 3.00 V. You connect all four elements together to form a series circuit. Current amplitude at an
angular frequency of 400 rad/s is

a) 7.61mA b) 7.91mA

c) 8.61mA d) 8.91mA
36. The rms value of AC current which when passed through a resistor produces heat energy four times that [1]
produced by DC of 2 A through the same resistor in same time, is:

a) 2 A b) 32 A

c) 4 A d) 8 A
37. The primary winding of a transformer has 50 turns and its secondary has 500 turns. If the primary is connected [1]
to a.c. supply of 20 V-50 Hz, then secondary will have an

a) 200 V - 500 Hz b) 200 V - 50 Hz

c) 2 V - 50 Hz d) 2 V - 5 Hz
38. The best material for the core of a transformer is: [1]

a) soft iron b) mild steel

c) hard steel d) stainless steel

[1998]
39. A capacitor of capacity C has reactance X. If capacitance and frequency are doubled, the reactance would be: [1]

a) X

4
b) X

c) 2X d) 4X
40. In a circuit, the current lags behind the voltage by a phase difference of π/2. The circuit contains which of the [1]

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 following?

a) only L b) only R

c) only C d) R and C
41. An inductor with L = 9.50 mH is connected across an ac source that has voltage amplitude 45.0 V. Frequency of [1]
the source that results in a current amplitude of 3.90 A is

a) 180 Hz b) 129 Hz

c) 193 Hz d) 150 Hz
42. In an a.c. circuit, the current flowing is I = 5 sin (100 t - ) (in A) and the potential difference is V = 200 sin 100 [1]
π

t (in V). The power consumption is equal to

a) 20 W b) 0 W

c) 40 W d) 1,000 W
43. A series RC circuit is connected to an alternating voltage source. Consider two situations: [1]
i. when the capacitor is air-filled
ii. when the capacitor is mica filled
Current through the resistor is i and voltage across the capacitor is V, then:

a) Va = Vb b) Va > Vb

c) Va < Vb d) ia > ib

44. A circuit is connected to an ac source of variable frequency. As the frequency of the source is increased, the [1]
current first increases and then decreases. Which of the following combinations of elements is likely to comprise
the circuit?

a) L and C b) L and R

c) R and C d) L, C and R
[2022]
45. In an ac circuit, the instantaneous values of current (in A) and voltage (in V ) are I = 5 sin ωt and [1]
E = 200 cos(ωt +
π

3
) respectively. The phase difference between voltage and current at any instant is:

a) 3π

2
b) 5π

c) 5π

6
d) 5π

[2024]
46. The wiring for a refrigerator contains a starter capacitor. A voltage of amplitude 170 V and frequency 60 Hz [1]
applied across the capacitor is to produce a current amplitude of 0.850 A through the capacitor. Capacitance
required is

a) 17.8 μF b) 15.3 μF

c) 23.4 μF d) 13.3 μF
47. The peak value of an alternating emf ε given by ε = ε0 cos ωt is 10 volt and its frequency is 50 Hz. At time t = [1]
1

600
sec, the instantaneous emf is:

a) 5 V b) 10 V

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 –
c) 1 V d) 5√3 V
48. Quantity that remains unchanged in a transformer is [1]

a) current b) Ampere

c) voltage d) frequency
49. The current flowing in a step down transformer 220 V to 22 V having impedance 220Ω is [1]

a) 1 A b) 1 mA

c) 0.1 A d) 0.1 mA
50. The voltage across a resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor connected in series to an ac source are 20 V, 15 V and [1]
30 V respectively. The resultant voltage in the circuit is

a) 25 V b) 5 V

c) 20 V d) 65 V
[2022]
51. If the current in a series LCR circuit is maximum, then ω will be: [1]
−−
−
a) as large as possible b) √LC

−−−−
c) equal to natural frequency of LCR system d) √LC R

52. The rms current in a circuit connected to 50 Hz ac source is 15 A. The value of the current in the circuit ( 1
)s [1]
600

after the instant the current is zero, is

–
a) √2
A b) 15√2 A
15

c) d) 8 A
15
A
√2

[2022]
53. The frequency of an alternating voltage is 50 cycles/sec and its amplitude is 120 V. Then its rms value will be: [1]

a) 75.5 V b) 42.4 V

c) 56.5 V d) 84.8 V
54. An inductor, a capacitor and a resistor are connected in series across an ac source of voltage. If the frequency of [1]
the source is decreased gradually, the reactance of:

a) inductor increases and the capacitor b) both the inductor and the capacitor
decreases. increases.

c) inductor decreases and the capacitor d) both the inductor and the capacitor
increases. decreases.
[2023]
55. In a pure capacitive circuit, the current [1]

a) leads the applied emf by angle b) and applied emf are in same phase
π

c) lags behind the applied emf by angle d) leads the applied emf by an angle π
π

56. With increase in frequency of an A.C. supply, the impedance of a series L-C-R circuit [1]

a) decreases at first, becomes minimum and b) increases

then increases

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 c) remains constant d) decreases
57. A power transmission line feeds input power at 2300 V to a step-down transformer with its primary windings [1]
having 4000 turns. Number of turns in the secondary in order to get output power at 230 V is

a) 325 b) 425

c) 400 d) 380
58. In an LRC series circuit R = 300.0 Ω , XC = 300.0 Ω and XL = 500.0 Ω . The average power consumed in the [1]
resistor is 60.0 W. What is the power factor of the circuit?

a) 0.931 b) 0.831

c) 0.911 d) 0.881
59. In the AC circuit, the current is expressed as I = 100 sin 200πt . In this circuit the current rises from zero to peak [1]
value in time:

a) 1

200
s b) 1

100
s

c) 1

300
s d) 1

400
s

60. Assertion (A): The induced e.m.f. and current will be same in two identical loops of copper and aluminium, [1]
when rotated with same speed in the same magnetic field.
Reason (R): Induced e.m.f. is proportional to rate of change of magnetic field while induced current depends on
resistance of wire.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

61. Assertion (A): Lenz's law does not violate the principle of conservation of energy. [1]
Reason (R): Induced e.m.f. never opposes the change in the magnetic flux that causes the e.m.f.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

62. Assertion (A): If the number of turns of a coil is increased, it becomes more difficult to push a bar magnet [1]
towards the coil.
Reason (R): The difficulty faced is according to the Lenz's law.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

63. Assertion (A): The bar magnet falling vertically along the axis of the horizontal coil will be having an [1]
acceleration of less than g.

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 Reason (R): Clockwise current is induced in the coil.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

64. Assertion (A): An electric lamp is connected in series with a long solenoid of copper with an air core and then [1]
connected to an ac source. If an iron rod is inserted in the solenoid, the lamp will become dim.
Reason (R): If an iron rod is inserted in the solenoid, the inductance of solenoid increases.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

65. Assertion (A): In the phenomenon of mutual induction, self-induction of each of the coils persists [1]
Reason (R): Self-induction arises when strength of current in same coil changes. In mutual induction, current is
changed in both individual coils.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

66. Assertion (A): When a rod moves in a transverse magnetic field, an emf is induced in the rod; the end becomes [1]
magnetic with end A positive.
Reason (B): A Lorentz force evB acts on free electrons, so electrons move from B to A by making end B to A,
thus making end B positive and end A negative.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

67. Assertion (A): Average value of ac over a complete cycle is always zero. [1]
Reason (R): Average value of ac is always defined over half cycle.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

68. Assertion (A): If the frequency of the applied AC is doubled, then the power factor of a series R-L circuit [1]
decreases.
Reason (R): Power factor of series R-L circuit is given by cos ϕ = .
2R

2 2 2
R +ω L

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

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 c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
[2015]
69. Assertion (A): A step-up transformer cannot be used as a step-down transformer. [1]
Reason (R): A transformer works only in one direction.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

[2021]
70. Assertion (A): The quantity L/R possesses the dimension of time. [1]
Reason (R): In order to reduce the rate of increase of current through a solenoid, we should increase the time
constant.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

71. Assertion (A): Ac is more dangerous than dc. [1]
Reason (R): The frequency of ac is dangerous for the human body.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

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