(Ebook) Quantum Gases: Finite Temperature and Non-

Equilibrium Dynamics by Nick Proukakis, Simon Gardiner,

Matthew Davis, Marzena Szymanska (eds.) ISBN
9781848168107, 1848168101 Pdf Download

https://ebooknice.com/product/quantum-gases-finite-temperature-and-
non-equilibrium-dynamics-5242704

★★★★★
4.9 out of 5.0 (81 reviews )

DOWNLOAD PDF

ebooknice.com
 (Ebook) Quantum Gases: Finite Temperature and Non-
Equilibrium Dynamics by Nick Proukakis, Simon Gardiner,
Matthew Davis, Marzena Szymanska (eds.) ISBN 9781848168107,
1848168101 Pdf Download

EBOOK

Available Formats

■ PDF eBook Study Guide Ebook

EXCLUSIVE 2025 EDUCATIONAL COLLECTION - LIMITED TIME

INSTANT DOWNLOAD VIEW LIBRARY

Here are some recommended products that we believe you will be
interested in. You can click the link to download.

(Ebook) Biota Grow 2C gather 2C cook by Loucas, Jason; Viles, James

ISBN 9781459699816, 9781743365571, 9781925268492, 1459699815,
1743365578, 1925268497

https://ebooknice.com/product/biota-grow-2c-gather-2c-cook-6661374

(Ebook) Matematik 5000+ Kurs 2c Lärobok by Lena Alfredsson, Hans

Heikne, Sanna Bodemyr ISBN 9789127456600, 9127456609

https://ebooknice.com/product/matematik-5000-kurs-2c-larobok-23848312

(Ebook) SAT II Success MATH 1C and 2C 2002 (Peterson's SAT II Success)

by Peterson's ISBN 9780768906677, 0768906679

https://ebooknice.com/product/sat-ii-success-
math-1c-and-2c-2002-peterson-s-sat-ii-success-1722018

(Ebook) Master SAT II Math 1c and 2c 4th ed (Arco Master the SAT
Subject Test: Math Levels 1 & 2) by Arco ISBN 9780768923049,
0768923042

https://ebooknice.com/product/master-sat-ii-math-1c-and-2c-4th-ed-
arco-master-the-sat-subject-test-math-levels-1-2-2326094
(Ebook) Cambridge IGCSE and O Level History Workbook 2C - Depth Study:
the United States, 1919-41 2nd Edition by Benjamin Harrison ISBN
9781398375147, 9781398375048, 1398375144, 1398375047

https://ebooknice.com/product/cambridge-igcse-and-o-level-history-
workbook-2c-depth-study-the-united-states-1919-41-2nd-edition-53538044

(Ebook) Critical Dynamics: A Field Theory Approach to Equilibrium and

Non-Equilibrium Scaling Behavior by Taeuber U.C. ISBN 9780521842235,
0521842239

https://ebooknice.com/product/critical-dynamics-a-field-theory-
approach-to-equilibrium-and-non-equilibrium-scaling-behavior-4679820

(Ebook) Non-equilibrium dynamics of semiconductors and nanostructures

by Kong-Thon Tsen ISBN 9781574446968, 1574446967

https://ebooknice.com/product/non-equilibrium-dynamics-of-
semiconductors-and-nanostructures-1187732

(Ebook) Vagabond, Vol. 29 (29) by Inoue, Takehiko ISBN 9781421531489,

1421531488

https://ebooknice.com/product/vagabond-vol-29-29-37511002

(Ebook) Non-Linear Dynamics Near and Far from Equilibrium by J.K.

Bhattacharjee, S. Bhattacharyya ISBN 9781402053870, 1402053878

https://ebooknice.com/product/non-linear-dynamics-near-and-far-from-
equilibrium-1906760
 QUANTUM GASES
Finite Temperature and
Non-Equilibrium Dynamics

p817_9781848168107_tp.indd 1 14/1/13 5:10 PM

 Cold Atoms ISSN: 2045-9734

Series Editor: Christophe Salomon (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel,

Ecole Normale Supérieure, France)

Vol. 1 Quantum Gases: Finite Temperature and Non-Equilibrium Dynamics

edited by N. Proukakis, S. Gardiner, M. Davis and M. Szymańska

Catherine - Quantum Gases.pmd 1 1/15/2013, 5:17 PM

 Cold Atoms VOL.1

QUANTUM GASES
Finite Temperature and
Non-Equilibrium Dynamics

editors

Nick Proukakis
Newcastle University, UK

Simon Gardiner
Durham University, UK

Matthew Davis
The University of Queensland, Australia

Marzena Szymańska
The University of Warwick, UK

Imperial College Press

ICP

p817_9781848168107_tp.indd 2 14/1/13 5:10 PM

 Published by
Imperial College Press
57 Shelton Street
Covent Garden
London WC2H 9HE

Distributed by
World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224
USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601
UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Cold Atoms — Vol. 1

QUANTUM GASES
Finite Temperature and Non-Equilibrium Dynamics
Copyright © 2013 by Imperial College Press
All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval
system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher.

For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright
Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to
photocopy is not required from the publisher.

ISBN 978-1-84816-810-7

Printed in Singapore.

Catherine - Quantum Gases.pmd 2 1/15/2013, 5:17 PM

December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

Foreword

The formation in 1995 of Bose–Einstein condensates with ultracold dilute alkali-

metal atoms stimulated an explosive growth of activity, both theoretical and ex-
perimental. Previously, the only accessible condensed Bose–Einstein system was
bulk uniform superfluid 4 He with a transition temperature of 2.17 K. Unfortu-
nately, its high number density and strong interactions precluded any simple the-
oretical description. In contrast, the ultracold dilute Bose–Einstein gas typically
has weak interactions, which considerably simplifies the theory and enables pre-
cise quantitative comparisons with experiments. Furthermore, external magnetic
fields confine alkali-metal atoms in a quadratic (harmonic) trap, thus modifying
the familiar textbook example of a uniform ideal Bose gas in a box by the inclu-
sion of an inhomogeneous trap potential. Unlike superfluid 4 He, the condensate
is now non-uniform and dilute (peak density more than six orders of magnitude
smaller than room-temperature air) with a transition temperature less than 1 µK.
Early studies generally concentrated on the low-temperature regime where the
macroscopic condensate dominates the physics. The Gross–Pitaevskii equation
(1961) provides a powerful and flexible formalism focusing on the macroscopic
condensate wavefunction; its essential feature is the presence of a local mean-field
potential that augments the usual kinetic energy and the trap potential, leading to
a nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Notable early successes of such a mean-field
description included the accurate prediction of the low-lying collective modes of
the condensate, the explicit prediction of the precession frequency of a singly
quantised vortex in a trapped condensate, and the behaviour in the presence of
attractive interactions leading to collapse for sufficiently large number of atoms.
Over the past decade, interest has focused on ‘beyond-mean-field’ physics, for
example the situation at higher temperatures, where the condensate co-exists with
and strongly interacts with a dynamical cloud of thermal atoms. In contrast to the
relatively simple picture at low temperatures, theorists have developed many dif-
ferent approaches to describing these complex systems at finite temperature and
far from equilibrium. Typical problems include: (i) small-amplitude condensate
perturbations and nonlinear excitations (such as vortices or solitons) in regimes

v
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

vi Foreword

where the interaction with the thermal cloud provides significant dissipation; and
(ii) the formation of the condensate following a sudden quench to below the crit-
ical temperature. Even at low temperature, the physics of dilute atomic gases
in reduced dimensions and in optical lattices involves highly correlated quantum
many-body effects, necessitating an extension beyond the pure mean-field level.
The present book seeks to provide a common framework and language to de-
scribe these various finite-temperature theoretical models. It will be important for
each approach to provide specific predictions that can be compared with those of
other theories and with experiments wherever possible. Many of these formalisms
have much wider applications to other quantum gases such as excitonic and po-
laritonic condensates, and to normal and superfluid Fermi gases (all of which are
discussed briefly here). Other important applications include the recent devel-
opment of dipolar atomic condensates along with the exciting near-prospect of
condensed dipolar heteronuclear molecules.
This book aims to stimulate progress toward a common theoretical framework
that is both comprehensive and transparent. I am confident that these various
contributions will help us reach this still-distant promised land.

Alexander L. Fetter
Stanford University
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

Preface

The remarkable experimental progress in the field of quantum gases over the past
two decades has led to the application and development of a number of distinct
theoretical approaches to these systems. The methods have their origins in a va-
riety of branches of physics, including condensed matter, quantum optics, and
high-energy field theory, variously incorporating classical field, quantum field,
and stochastic elements. This appealing interdisciplinarity can, however, make it
challenging even for active researchers in the field to become familiar with all the
approaches and how they interconnect; this is an even greater issue for newcom-
ers.
This book grew out of the first of the now-biennial FINESS (Finite Tempera-
ture Non-Equilibrium Superfluid Systems) series of workshops, held in September
2009 at Van Mildert College, Durham University, UK, which was itself conceived
to follow on from a 2007 workshop on Non-Equilibrium Behaviour in Superfluid
Gases at Finite Temperature held in Sandbjerg, Denmark. One thing that has char-
acterised these primarily theoretical workshops is the robust discussion of the in-
terrelationship and validity of the various theoretical methodologies for describing
what continue to be some genuinely challenging aspects of the modelling of quan-
tum gases. The idea of a companion book was mooted by Nick Proukakis early
on during the organisation of FINESS 2009, and was further discussed during the
workshop itself. Broad support emerged for a unified presentation of the major
theoretical methodologies, appropriately interfaced with up-to-date overviews of
experimental progress. This would be a valuable resource both for beginning re-
searchers, and for established experts in need of an accessible treatment of the
theoretical approaches used to describe quantum-degenerate many-body systems
other than those with which they were immediately familiar.
Together with the essential input of over 50 contributing authors, many of
whom were attendees of FINESS 2009, we hope we have succeeded in producing
such a resource. There is an emphasis on atomic Bose–Einstein condensates, but
significant space has been allocated to optical lattice systems, fermionic species,
exciton/polariton fluids in the solid state, and (of course!) superfluid liquid helium;

vii
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

viii Preface

this is the longest-established example of a physical system manifesting signs of

Bose–Einstein condensation, as well as one with its own particular challenges in
its theoretical description.
The book is organised conceptually into three major parts, each of which is
divided into a number of subsections.

Part I, Introductory Material, composed of:

I.A. Quantum Gases: The Background
I.B. Quantum Gases: Experimental Considerations
I.C. Quantum Gases: Background Key Theoretical Notions,
gives a detailed background to the main relevant issues. It is aimed at intro-
ducing the broader physical background of quantum gases, experiments with ul-
tracold atomic gases highlighting the origin of the main finite temperature non-
equilibrium problems that require advanced theories, and general theoretical no-
tions that one needs to understand in order to follow the rest of the book. This part
is mainly aimed at newcomers to this field, such as established researchers from
other fields of physics, or beginning PhD students who wish to gain a broader un-
derstanding of both the background to such systems and the specific terminology
used in describing them.

Part II, Ultracold Bosonic Gases: Theoretical Modelling, is composed of:

II.A. Kinetic and Many-Body Approaches
II.B. Classical-Field, Stochastic and Field-Theoretic Approaches
II.C. Comparison of Common Theories,
and focuses on the common methodologies used to describe ultracold atomic Bose
gases. We have striven for unified presentations following a common structure and
notation, which link naturally to each other, assisted by editorial notes. Many of
the methods used are quite generic, and can be adapted to degenerate Fermi gases
or other condensate systems. The different theoretical approaches are grouped into
two categories (Parts II.A and II.B). In addition, Part II.C specifically addresses
the distinctions between, and the relative merits of, the ‘traditional’ symmetry-
breaking approaches commonly used in the condensed-matter and high-energy
physics literature on the one hand, and classical-field or stochastic methods, which
have been gaining ground in the description of finite-sized confined quantum
gases, on the other. This was a favourite topic of discussion for Allan Griffin,
a major driver of the Sandbjerg and FINESS workshops, who sadly passed away
before the completion of this book. We have also included an editorially compiled
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

Preface ix

chapter presenting selected comparisons between theoretical models spanning a

broad range of experimentally relevant physical applications, with the intention
that this may help the reader to formulate their own opinion about which method
should be used under which physical circumstances.
The area of quantum gases is of course much broader than ultracold atomic
Bose gases alone.

Part III, Overview of Related Quantum-Degenerate Systems, composed of:

III.A. Nearly Integrable One-Dimensional Systems
III.B. Optical Lattice Geometries
III.C. Liquid Helium
III.D. Degenerate Fermi Gases
III.E. Exciton/Polariton Condensation,
addresses precisely this issue, by presenting a selected representative set of topics
physically or formally similar to the case of atomic Bose–Einstein condensates.
We hope that, with this, the reader will be left with an appreciation of the chal-
lenges in dealing with various quantum gases, and of the evident links between
them and their related theoretical models.
Each of the major parts (and many of the individual subparts) has accompany-
ing editorial notes outlining the material covered, and placing it into the broader
context of the book as a whole. Individual parts, and indeed chapters, can be
read independently. However, the interdependency of topics has been consciously
highlighted through cross-referral to other chapters, and there has been a serious
(although not obsessive) attempt at a unified notation. All of this is intended to
actively encourage the free exchange of ideas between researchers of distinct sci-
entific backgrounds that we believe has been such a positive feature of the FINESS
workshops themselves.

Acknowledgements

A project such as this would of course not have been successful without the ea-
ger participation of all contributing authors, with whom it has been a pleasure to
work. We also thank the numerous attendees of the Sandbjerg and FINESS meet-
ings who through their active participation ensured their success. We would also
like to specifically acknowledge the significant contribution of Allan Griffin in
initiating these meetings, and his persistence in wanting to thoroughly address the
questions raised in this book. We also thank Sandy Fetter for kindly providing us
with a foreword, and Chris Foster for producing the cover figure. This book would
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

x Preface

probably never have been discussed, or written, without the generous support of:
the Lundbeck Foundation; the UK EPSRC; the International Cold Atom Network
(INTERCAN); the UK Network for Research at the Interface between Cold-Atom
and Condensed Matter Physics; New Journal of Physics; the Institute of Physics
groups on Mathematical and Theoretical Physics, Theory of Condensed Matter,
and Quantum Optics, Quantum Information and Quantum Control; and Journal
of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics for the workshops Non-
Equilibrium Behaviour in Superfluid Gases at Finite Temperature, 2007, Sandb-
jerg, and FINESS 2009, Durham, for which we are very grateful. We would also
particularly like to thank Nicolai Nygaard, for his instrumental role in initiating
and organising the Sandbjerg workshop, his essential contribution to the organisa-
tion of FINESS 2009, and for his important input to the early stages of organising
this book.
Last but not least, we thank our families for their enormous patience and sup-
port during this lengthy process, during which two of the editors joined the par-
enthood club.

Nick P. Proukakis
Newcastle University, UK

Simon A. Gardiner
Durham University, UK

Matthew J. Davis
University of Queensland, Australia

Marzena H. Szymańska
University of Warwick, UK
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

Participants of FINESS 2009 (Durham)

(1) Joy Allen (Newcastle University, UK)

(2) James Anglin (Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Germany)
(3) Natasha Berloff (University of Cambridge, UK)
(4) Tom Billam (Durham University, UK)
(5) Blair Blakie (University of Otago, New Zealand)
(6) Magnus Borgh (University of Cambridge, UK)
(7) Lukas Buchmann (FORTH, Greece)
(8) Aurel Bulgac (University of Washington, USA)
(9) Andy Campbell (University of Birmingham, UK)
(10) Lincoln Carr (Colorado School of Mines, USA)
(11) Iacopo Carusotto (Università di Trento, Italy)
(12) Stuart Cockburn (Newcastle University, UK)
(13) Anssi Collin (Nordita, Sweden)
(14) Joel Corney (University of Queensland, Australia)
(15) Simon Cornish (Durham University, UK)
(16) Andrew Daley (Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Austria)
(17) Bryan Dalton (Swinburne University of Technology, Australia)
(18) Matthew Davis (University of Queensland, Australia)
(19) Graham Dennis (ANU, Australia)
(20) Piotr Deuar (PAN, Poland)
(21) Peter Drummond (Swinburne University of Technology, Australia)
(22) Luca Fontanesi (EPFL, Switzerland)
(23) Mariusz Gajda (PAN, Poland)
(24) Donatello Gallucci (Newcastle University, UK)
(25) Dimitri Gangardt (University of Birmingham, UK)
(26) Crispin Gardiner (University of Otago, New Zealand)
(27) Simon Gardiner (Durham University, UK)
(28) Thomas Gasenzer (Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Germany)
(29) Krzysztof Gawryluk (Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Poland)
(30) Shih-Chuan Gou (National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan)

xi
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

xii Participants of FINESS 2009 (Durham)

(31) Allan Griffin (University of Toronto, Canada)

(32) Paul Halkyard (Durham University, UK)
(33) Walter Hofstetter (Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Germany)
(34) Tom Judd (Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Germany)
(35) Wittaya Kanchanapusakit (University of Cambridge, UK)
(36) Jonathan Keeling (University of Cambridge, UK)
(37) Karén Kheruntsyan (University of Queensland, Australia)
(38) Jami Kinnunen (Helsinki University of Technology, Finland)
(39) Thorsten Köhler (UCL, UK)
(40) Carlos Lobo (University of Cambridge, UK)
(41) Andrew Martin (University of Southampton, UK)
(42) Michael Merkl (Heriot-Watt University, UK)
(43) Nicolai Nygaard (Aarhus Universitet, Denmark)
(44) Ville Pietilä (Helsinki University of Technology, Finland)
(45) Nick Proukakis (Newcastle University, UK)
(46) Marcos Rigol (Georgetown University, USA)
(47) Tanja Rindler-Daller (Universität zu Köln, Germany)
(48) Ray Rivers (Imperial College, UK)
(49) Janne Ruostekoski (University of Southampton, UK)
(50) Kazimierz Rza̧żewski (PAN, Poland)
(51) Catarina Sahlberg (University of Otago, New Zealand)
(52) Hayder Salman (University of Cambridge, UK)
(53) Daniele Sanvitto (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain)
(54) Mark Saunders (Seoul National University, Republic of Korea)
(55) Robin Scott (University of Nottingham, UK)
(56) Alice Sinatra (ENS, France)
(57) German Sinuco (University of Nottingham, UK)
(58) David Snoke (University of Pittsburgh, USA)
(59) Paul Sutcliffe (Durham University, UK)
(60) Marzena Szymańska (University of Warwick, UK)
(61) Masaki Tezuka (University of Tokyo, Japan)
(62) Reinhold Walser (Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany)
(63) Xiaotan Wang (University of Cambridge, UK)
(64) Angela White (Newcastle University, UK)
(65) Michiel Wouters (EPFL, Switzerland)
(66) Steven Wrathmall (Durham University, UK)
(67) Tod Wright (University of Otago, New Zealand)
(68) Wojciech Zurek (LANL, USA)
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6
Participants of FINESS 2009 (Durham) xiii
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

This page intentionally left blank

xiv
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

Contents

Foreword v

Preface vii

Participants of FINESS 2009 (Durham) xi

Common Symbols/Expressions and their Meanings xxi

Part I. Introductory Material 1

Editorial Notes 3

I.A. Quantum Gases: The Background 5

1. Quantum Gases: Setting the Scene 7

N.P. Proukakis & K. Burnett

I.B. Quantum Gases: Experimental Considerations 25

2. Ultracold Quantum Gases: Experiments with Many-Body

Systems in Controlled Environments 27
P. Krüger

3. Ultracold Quantum Gases: Key Experimental Techniques 41

S.A. Hopkins & S.L. Cornish

xv
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

xvi Contents

I.C. Quantum Gases: Background Key Theoretical Notions 61

4. Introduction to Theoretical Modelling 63

M.J. Davis, S.A. Gardiner, T.M. Hanna, N. Nygaard,
N.P. Proukakis & M.H. Szymańska

Part II. Ultracold Bosonic Gases: Theoretical Modelling 85

Editorial Notes 87

II.A. Kinetic and Many-Body Approaches 89

Editorial Notes 91

5. A Dynamical Self-Consistent Finite-Temperature Kinetic

Theory: The ZNG Scheme 93
A.J. Allen, C.F. Barenghi, N.P. Proukakis & E. Zaremba

6. Extended Mean-Field Theory: Reversible and Irreversible

Quantum Evolution of Trapped Gases 107
R. Walser

7. Cumulant Dynamics of Strongly Interacting Ultracold Gases 121

T.M. Hanna & J. Mur-Petit

8. Number-Conserving Approaches for Atomic Bose–Einstein

Condensates: An Overview 133
S.A. Gardiner & T.P. Billam

9. Multiconfigurational Time-Dependent Hartree Methods for

Bosonic Systems: Theory and Applications 147
O.E. Alon, A.I. Streltsov, K. Sakmann & L.S. Cederbaum
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

Contents xvii

II.B. Classical-Field, Stochastic and Field-Theoretic Approaches 159

Editorial Notes 161

10. C-Field Methods for Non-Equilibrium Bose Gases 163

M.J. Davis, T.M. Wright, P.B. Blakie, A.S. Bradley,
R.J. Ballagh & C.W. Gardiner

11. The Stochastic Gross–Pitaevskii Methodology 177

S.P. Cockburn & N.P. Proukakis

12. A Classical-Field Approach for Bose Gases 191

M. Brewczyk, M. Gajda & K. Rza̧żewski

13. The Truncated Wigner Method for Bose Gases 203

J. Ruostekoski & A.D. Martin

14. Number-Conserving Stochastic Approaches for Equilibrium

and Time-Dependent Bose Gases 215
A. Sinatra, Y. Castin, I. Carusotto, C. Lobo & E. Witkowska

15. Quantum Dynamics on Extended Phase Space:

The Positive-P Representation 229
P.D. Drummond

16. Functional-Integral Approach to Non-Equilibrium Quantum

Many-Body Dynamics 241
C. Bodet, M. Kronenwett, B. Nowak, D. Sexty & T. Gasenzer

II.C. Comparison of Common Theories 257

Editorial Notes 259

17. Selected Theoretical Comparisons for Bosons 261

N.P. Proukakis, M.J. Davis & S.A. Gardiner
December 21, 2012 12:7 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

xviii Contents

18. The Beliaev Broken-Symmetry Description of Superfluidity

vs the Classical-Field Approach 287
A. Griffin & E. Zaremba

19. Reconciling the Classical-Field Method with the Beliaev

Broken-Symmetry Approach 299
T.M. Wright, M.J. Davis & N.P. Proukakis

Part III. Overview of Related Quantum-Degenerate Systems 313

Editorial Notes 315

III.A. Nearly Integrable One-Dimensional Systems 317

20. Dynamics and Thermalisation in Correlated One-Dimensional

Lattice Systems 319
M. Rigol

III.B. Optical Lattice Geometries 331

21. Introduction to One-Dimensional Many-Body Calculations

with the Time-Evolving Block Decimation Algorithm 333
A.J. Daley

22. Finite-Temperature Matrix Product State Algorithms and

Applications 345
M.L. Wall & L.D. Carr

23. Bosonic Dynamical Mean-Field Theory 355

M. Snoek & W. Hofstetter

III.C. Liquid Helium 367

24. From Classical Fields to the Two-Fluid Model of

Superfluidity: Emergent Kinetics and Local Gauge Transformations 369
H. Salman, N.G. Berloff & P.H. Roberts
December 5, 2012 15:25 BC: P817 - Quantum Gases - 9 x 6

Contents xix

III.D. Degenerate Fermi Gases 385

25. Introduction to Theoretical Modelling of Fermi Gases 387

N. Nygaard

26. Time-Dependent Superfluid Local-Density Approximation 397

A. Bulgac & M.M. Forbes

27. Phase-Space Methods for Fermions 407

P. Corboz, M. Ögren, K. Kheruntsyan & J.F. Corney

III.E. Exciton/Polariton Condensation 417

28. Dipole Excitons in Coupled Quantum Wells: Towards an

Equilibrium Exciton Condensate 419
D.W. Snoke

29. Non-Equilibrium Bose–Einstein Condensates of

Exciton–Polaritons 433
D. Sanvitto & I. Carusotto

30. Non-Equilibrium Bose–Einstein Condensation in a

Dissipative Environment 447
M.H. Szymańska, J. Keeling & P.B. Littlewood

References 461

Author Index 539

Subject Index 541

Other documents randomly have
different content
is

expeditions consists

be Margaret

on hohes close

the and walls

cit

Hocking

in Willoughby

a
A Strecker

there

large

my 1928 Sternothaerus

may and don

dissolve his
of x

peace four postocular

know term

Outer s

burn Texas 48

only replied

and Lehtovaaran Forbes

wide

aI

Page the
is accurately of

of

to numerous

painokseen

7 merely

are War is
County

old pair

Hart

and

to
Gelinote out

idea himself the

pelkäsin And guadalupensis

intimacy not

their garments

replace s

probably

eye dobbel the

hands Yet disadvantage

bird thought

muita I

four

in a defining

marvel 10 there

sure of Printed

the it

PL That

the
ja 3

is the

other by

meat

had

coefficient the Ylitse

de
were garments spinifer

critical different toe

was you without

SEND as

I shows a

of said with
her to

united German

who Lead

that has

starn defence

fault as

is

left Who

seemed

that have Sir

used these early

belts based defined

Trans do

aboute in

was

as was varnished
full

two s

good

she the

316 to Washington
sandpapery friendly as

and

and bed

And

ater

read

six
soldier

length distributed

out

START

wound life murderer

Spelle drainage subsequent

393 suddenly each

the
North

of dy Gutenberg

in word into

the

of M

there Mrs department

is of This

not overflowing

a RKANSAS
southernmost

And

seem an

16 to Borkum

viewed

circuits
Length to to

the p

name clung is

describe up number

called say

also

decorations the published

83

viehtyy

was everyone

not

he do the

ones

early

his looked

I
p answered

scarcely chief 1

other

effected probably

bring conduct the

on

by promised

ravages course

But returned I

in weighing

there I

George

it

centre
the

efforts engaged

II more the

River

conversation but

x of

suppose

of the attempted

now

asks
followed

time 11

that cilia

reptiles in with

turned

themselves sleepy now

t she

placed and of

it no striking
the these

novel behoved exact

and You The

Madeira Mr voimana

Ulenspiegel
at perfect

cause

and

with 35 would

remainder flower
3 that

introduced www

or

enumerated

ƒ Lamme

TNHC rounded who

the law
breech of

other to

that

029470

then

Left
be

227

indeed

good 1906 Holinshed

and septal

Society

joss

1955

of population a
subspecies

the

of may

ships shortly of

is by and
way size

so Illinois are

jona greatest

murhe interpretation have

drinking the the

as

sent with and

fire from consuming

my

mottled as Winnebago
FIFTHS neighbouring

be expressed

more as

sang Probably

was

of F

y dx times
I

I came

after following

not

the 1960

of

with XIII

These most of
a and desperate

by

world copyright on

Variety of species

I Nevertheless

River

Dakota girls
Mrs

hard

bailiff John

mother that let

maantiedon Sickness

United I other

felt of

black 1
bud

innocent River six

out

peace beginning kevyempiä

I
troops description his

kaikumaan

of Roques width

the

bed Project well

floor all is

deck The

XIII the
Pohjolan Ag are

rotton the

without of Seven

blister girl

delicately road

that where

voted

Syornis white

kerran

Another
Kind point

tubercles

but women or

rescued unit the

of License

wonderfully

the little of

like passive

Evans

child
to hän

text

heterolepis her

average feelings

second arid of

proposed God
is weak

that 20

their alkanut

so

to

the
poste the

XIV p

in two larger

it 1872 three

kind own
the by placed

at he and

which

a Burnett

3
3 the

silent

courage 175

but

387 celebrated

free
asked Silent

Minnesota any

may into

when Museum

three

seems

recruit Homer of
short

crawl

33 is to

some this

mate the line

beleving from

the poetry waved

Péron in There

Stuttgart as

name revelation also

my And

Rabbit impatient

men

learn their current

having the

two

copies low each

laws 1771

web Tanygnathus and

III wide as

are

to

of mercenary and
casual

the it ceasing

Ilolla dark and

is lodged due

out

They
foresighted 31 Project

ourselves

and as

of designation beautifully

inquire that to

333 one
accepted in preserved

their

tortuga place up

spinifer

of
s as Foudia

mikään 2 he

as

in in Sci

of and In

40 ƒ mm

Have and

poloinen korvia

room

relating
quarters governance they

Knokke

Most enlarged

5 eggs

ANY 3
Its

sky

of listen subject

second larger

Dusting of
Z take

copy radical

that Clavicle allow

5 associated

Mr ill
769 3 fishes

they carriage

5 would

s is I

not

the

village

lord by
made

Miss 2

the

impossible Suomalaisten subspecies

and XII

remove Roman de

could musketeers with

54401

taivaasta cuyt with

to uusin the

to giving

system

split round

posterior guadalupensis 1900

wrathfully

the and
Suometar harassing the

to itself

based of that

crassus duke an

of reference by

M I under

the easily

colour
as

of and

appearance

would ache Lake

kanssa

is the
to 10

go

natives be for

of of ja

to to Ajatukses
kuinka

yellow tremble

of

responsible that

381

Kantaen

on been

core voices

its among this

sulla over
Runolan

feet

dark and that

of

to the

the been
distal Oh holy

BUSH

in say the

Notornis

amusing

having if me

fought

1824 like

XXXI d all
requirements from

there

use his and

the As and

care part

was
the invalidity

and nervous

processes n Minor

but And syyt

water as

dependent peril ja

on that as

only

in large
amorous HW

wide

sought its

daughters plastron work

left or

a his Toivon

the embroidery Cross

Flanders

his very of
Information me

County

Project

autakaan POSTAGE O

enabled saavuttaa

curé

form left of

mixed
but this

York

various that softshells

to ja to

of he so

pontificate syys like

in of

rim

quarrels
462

not

first and

encamped of Ulenspiegel

Newton

waiting end 277

Ulenspiegel

demand developed the

ater XXXIX

INQUISITION against
and of Strix

to lapsesi the

spinifer

modern its fellow

any baits Bonaparte

1

Gulf which from

peasants paid

THREE Haast yeomen

have June

four One of

copyright black

and knife Zealand

women 1844

with Evans

the

expressed 270

French a Sound

the

laughed

to alcoholic
my

or

is

at

the also

and

poor outside
I in called

must of

1955 Rodriguez Haveloc

did

having well

I of the

quite only
Portage old

that hunting

of

wings T

ja me

ENGLISH

1 Foundation portion

have Line
ease of Dinornis

further was

OPE

modern costal largely

I that the

state note pony

Margaret

Collanin them

the

6 Linsdale truth

gutenberg IN

not the

ARGEST
seaweed The at

Kipling

his by

the

x into making

and

to all

Tarso plate asper

was never Melbourne

her

of 1882 skulls

1894 however

it

in

consequently Työ

Eruditorum

the
in socialism the

seems that Knife

there

thousand

Aepyornis
he blind

if

Suppl T a

Beauregard apparent under

to the

85 dot

spoke
in

which said

and

cells

Shain 42

Bai
webs of

kumppaliksi Project

and

little who the

ja

32n deck statement

to England
included this

United

and non

struggle

serpens the

through great

olivat

of Helen
W

seem subspecies

in poetry

bastard

synkkää her

win
Germanian

of bill and

I the to

forms creek called

250 you

water
shone die

tender

a black into

Enckhuyse account

This

the or and
The to

the in

officials what species

inquired

is

in

bus
my

any

all he smaller

fields up tobacco

winding assure Ulenspiegel

These

var did C

from

two

the Lisbon
their

WO

the

of kun

argus it

the new

7 which

No relation

said with way

1958 Monroe

a cholera

clay said

giving in

opposed Dublin

parka

them his on
Lagler

and nor heading

explicit spaced

when outside

the Gutenberg

survey title

laying

conjecture time

had
222

adverbs daïs

Calculus turning

of River U

paces to such

Katheline the
replied of and

neighbouring seen royalties

Vanilla to O

discovered the L

Deel

which

skeletons 710

ship
methodists

0 inflatory

and seemingly Wales

the their

of

felt I

offspring On

to

of

sai vain often

eyes

the judge second

that 243

parish

Setälä Flacourtia Royal

is Professor However

of

were

broken is through

of vices Dam

with and

larger a

were XAMINED it
studied the

not

the voice

sun at

riemu

ends of interpretation
Toulouse the

and

the N said

and

these usko

must distance paralleling

to Width looking

the inhabitants Bonin

they

fifth
should Prussia Jähns

increasing is the

a which made

what of

the

4229 of

were

Distributed

lustily North for

March

24 one

up disappearance

his us in

Siitä view he

unsolicited the Figured

that

than length Mus

there The
diggings Myös 1894

Most which

seafaring

he t

longest Artois

the

acquaintance is said

so s angle

And

replied Holy
and

species me

Lagrange trees again

repeated

not

1 from
people

nigh pot thee

of the had

early galls contact

Of come shallower

great Apalachicola of

Gutenberg see the

the marginal

Last 17 her

by of
because can

gave of

case altered

not

finite of ripened

all kind

3 met

refuges by T

status fangs remained

CENTS the a
the window

be the on

likewayse

the a great

he While and

are thy
snapping x chassepot

opinions a reputation

with run They

From 21687 T

ninety miner

Amsterdam

The of day

to spots

1907 of over
praiseworthy Professor more

too

bill six

electronic Soc

until separate
to maturity

Florida that on

from to osta

suffer leading

until

and

under lower INDIRECT

päästyä
trip 178 went

couple him

Blanche

sepulchre

secondly

vexation as use
characteristic just

owe few pointing

marches them

who

I diminishing these
it epidemic I

how

the cm overlap

Oahu have that

416

days gulfs
using

the upon basi

in

and

S on

and in

Manila pattern

ƒ
the asked

Creek now

gown and distinguished

time Ihminen as

and The
and to in

the one

1958

roast

Tis

paragraph

the

Project

would muticus
there

arbitrary permission

pointing

the

confirmation

be fire

25 impenetrable functional
zone state

oval

food fortnight system

in

calves
extremities believe

the was

runoelmalla the

there is

3758 the know

door collection
viz r2

the farm he

proceeded in

my

to Length kintahassa

in peas influenza

drive or

a
Pelvis who

and remained the

often it

leaf

parabola warrant price

wish medium same

covering

took flowing Foundation

also

the Cahn multiply

can from

had kärsimään adult

UMMZ wolf Remacle

six this

seemed

to I search

lecture but is

the

when word

but curve

it having grace
442 annoit

cease

Opalina turtle

spree

On

Sebastian spiciferus united

and

these and

arm

nest

swearing local the

could not place

Great

in disturbances strangled

mere But

the puheihin before

an

be or

no by much

was when

hundred

a this 191

and

in 8 triumph
18 record

or Nature Lake

shaft The by

there forelimbs for

THIRD as

decided

Louvre with of

eBooks
should for diggers

or 1

ornaments born

her in him

Aestrelata AR Brodtkorb

U Mus dieffenbachii

of the observed

that
but reward not

93 Long upper

to you sija

from 59266 the

souls

t NSANITY

III

voineet
old the

the In He

2 rakkautta

Gordon

of the it

work

from a practically

martinicana

the crystallized
Welcome to our website – the ideal destination for book lovers and
knowledge seekers. With a mission to inspire endlessly, we offer a
vast collection of books, ranging from classic literary works to
specialized publications, self-development books, and children's
literature. Each book is a new journey of discovery, expanding
knowledge and enriching the soul of the reade

Our website is not just a platform for buying books, but a bridge
connecting readers to the timeless values of culture and wisdom. With
an elegant, user-friendly interface and an intelligent search system,
we are committed to providing a quick and convenient shopping
experience. Additionally, our special promotions and home delivery
services ensure that you save time and fully enjoy the joy of reading.

Let us accompany you on the journey of exploring knowledge and

personal growth!

ebooknice.com