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Sabina Spielrein Forgotten Pioneer of Psychoanalysis 1st
Edition Coline Covington Digital Instant Download
Author(s): Coline Covington
ISBN(s): 9781583919033, 1583919031
Edition: 1
File Details: PDF, 1.79 MB
Year: 2003
Language: english
Sabina Spielrein
Sabina Spielrein
Forgotten Pioneer of
Psychoanalysis

Edited by

Coline Covington and

Barbara Wharton

HOVE AND NEW YORK

 First published 2003 by Brunner-Routledge
27 Church Road, Hove, East Sussex BN3 2FA
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Brunner-Routledge
29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005.
“To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of
thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.”
Brunner-Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group

Copyright © 2003 selection and editorial matter, Coline Covington

and Barbara Wharton; individual chapters, the contributors
Cover design by Sandra Heath
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic,
mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter
invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any
information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publishing Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Sabina Spielrein: forgotten pioneer of psychoanalysis/editors, Coline
Covington, Barbara Wharton.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-58391-903-1
1. Spielrein, Sabina. 2. Women psychoanalysts—Europe—Biography.
3. Mentally ill women—Europe—Biography. 4. Jung, C.G. (Carl Gustav),
1875–1961—Relations with women. 5. Psychoanalysts—Europe—
Correspondence. 6. Psychoanalysis—History. I. Covington, Coline,
1953— II. Wharton, Barbara.
RC440.82.S66S23 2003
616.89′ 17′092–dc21 2003002575

ISBN 0-203-49920-4 Master e-book ISBN

ISBN 0-203-59360-X (Adobe eReader Format)

ISBN 1-58391-903-1 (Print Edition)
 Contents

Contributors vi
Preface viii
Acknowledgements xi
Text acknowledgements xii

1 Introduction 1
COLINE COVINGTON
2 Unedited extracts from a diary 15
SABINA SPIELREIN
3 The letters of C.G.Jung to Sabina Spielrein 33
4 Foreword to Carotenuto’s Tagebuch einer heimlichen 64
Symmetrie
JOHANNES CREMERIUS
5 Burghölzli hospital records of Sabina Spielrein 82
6 Sabina Spielrein. Jung’s patient at the Burghölzli 111
BERNARD MINDER
7 A document. Jung to Freud 1905: A report on Sabina Spielrein 137
BERNARD MINDER
8 The Zürich School of Psychiatry in theory and practice: Sabina 143
Spielrein’s treatment at the Burghölzli Clinic in Zürich
ANGELA GRAF-NOLD
9 Comments on the Burghölzli hospital records of Sabina 178
Spielrein
COLINE COVINGTON
10 Tender love and transference: Unpublished letters of C.G.Jung 191
and Sabina Spielrein (with an addendum/discussion)
ZVI LOTHANE
 v

11 ‘In league with the devil, and yet you fear fire?’ Sabina 227
Spielrein and C.G.Jung: A suppressed scandal from the early
days of psychoanalysis
SABINE RICHEBÄCHER
12 Kindred spirits 251
NICOLLE KRESS-ROSEN
13 Three psychoanalytic studies 262
SABINA SPIELREIN
14 Sabina Spielrein, Jean Piaget—going their own ways 271
FERNANDO VIDAL
15 Part I: Comment on Spielrein’s paper ‘The origin of the child’s 287
words Papa and Mama’
BARBARA WHARTON
15 Part II: The origin of the child’s words Papa and Mama. Some 289
observations on the different stages in language development
SABINA SPIELREIN

Index 307
 Contributors

Coline Covington, PhD, is Chair of the British Confederation of

Psychotherapists and consultant editor of the Journal of Analytical
Psychology. She is a training analyst of the Society of Analytical
Psychology and a training therapist of the British Association of
Psychotherapists (Jungian Section). She is co-editor with Paul Williams,
Jean Arundale and Jean Knox of Terrorism and War: Unconscious
Dynamics of Political Violence, published in 2002 by Karnac Books.
Johannes Cremerius (1918–2002) was co-editor of the former Psyche
journal and the series Conditio Humana. He was highly regarded at the
psychotherapeutic and psychosomatic hospital in Freiburg, which he also
founded and directed. He taught for several years in the psychoanalytic
departments of Bern and Milan Universities. He always emphasized the
function of enlightenment in psychoanalysis and fought for this
understanding against the orthodoxy of the science with great
enthusiasm, fearless of controversy. His publications include: Neurose
und Genialität: Psychoanalytische Biographien (ed.), 1971;
Psychoanalytische Textinterpretationen (ed.), 1974; Zur Theorie und
Praxis der psychosomatischen Medizin, 1978; Vom Handwerk des
Psychoanalytikers: Das Werkzeug der psychoanalytischen Technik, 2
vols, 1984; Arbeitsberichte aus der psychoanalytischen Praxis, 1998; Die
Zukunft der Psychoanalyse (ed.), 1995.
Angela Graf-Nold, PhD, is a psychotherapist in practice in Zürich. She
worked as a research fellow at Zürich University on the role of women in
the early history of psychotherapy and at the Burghölzli Psychiatric
Hospital on epidemiology. She has published several works on the early
history of child analysis, Hermine von Hug-Hellmuth, the history of
Swiss psychiatry and current issues in Swiss psychiatry, and Jungian
theory and practice.
Nicolle Kress-Rosen, MA, is a psychoanalyst. She lectured in linguistics
and psychoanalysis at the Universities of Strasbourg, Brest and Paris VIII
until 1982. She was a member of the Ecole Freudienne de Paris, and
until 2000 was the director of Arcanes, a publishing company
 vii

specialising in psychoanalysis. She is the author of Trois Figures de la

Passion, Freud, Jung, Sabina Spielrein (1993) and Du Côté de l’Hystérie
(1999). Her most recent work is a collection of short stories entitled
Chez les Thomas, on est très famille was published in 2002 by Editions
J.-C.Lattès. She has been practising as a psychoanalyst since 1977,
currently in Paris.
Zvi Lothane, MD, is Clinical Associate Professor of Psychiatry at Mount
Sinai-New York University School of Medicine, New York, senior
member and training analyst, the National Psychological Association for
Psychoanalysis, New York, Fellow of the American Psychiatric
Association and Member of the International Psychoanalytical
Association and the American Psychoanalytic Association. Zvi Lothane
is author of In Defense of Schreber/Soul Murder and Psychiatry, now
being prepared for publication by Psychosozial Verlag, Giessen; and of
papers on the methodology of psychoanalysis and psychotherapy.
Bernard Minder, Dr Med., works as a psychiatrist and psychotherapist
in private practice in Lenzburg, Switzerland, and is interested in the
history of medicine, especially the pioneering years of clinical
psychoanalysis. His work includes various publications on Sabina
Spielrein, C.G.Jung and Eugen Bleuler.
Sabine Richebächer, PhD, is a psychoanalyst, sociologist and writer in
Zürich. Her first book on the Socialist Women’s Movement in Germany
(1890–1914) was published in 1982 by Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt. For
many years she wrote a column on new psychoanalytic literature in the
Neue Zürcher Zeitung. Her writings and research are now focused on
the history of psychoanalysis, especially on forgotten pioneers like
Wilhelm Reich, Otto Fenichel and Sabina Spielrein.
Fernando Vidal is a research scholar at the Max Planck Institute for the
History of Science in Berlin. He works on the history of the human
sciences, and has published on Jean Piaget, psychoanalysis and
psychiatry, the progressive education movement, and psychology from
the 16th to the 20th century.
Barbara Wharton, MA, is a training analyst of the Society of Analytical
Psychology, London. She is a consultant editor for The Journal of
Analytical Psychology and author of numerous papers on analytical
psychology. She is in private practice.
 Preface

This compilation of papers has been drawn together as a tribute to the life
and work of Sabina Spielrein. The papers include the records of Sabina
Spielrein’s treatment by C.G.Jung at the Burghölzli Hospital in Zürich and
reflect over five years of research and detective work. In 1995, I, along with
my co-editors of the Journal of Analytical Psychology, learned about the
publication a year earlier in the Swiss journal Luzifer-Amor of a paper by
Dr Bernard Minder on Jung’s treatment of Spielrein that incorporated the
hospital records. We wrote to Dr Minder requesting information on
obtaining permission to publish the records in English translation. This
was the start of several years of research and waiting while questions about
copyright and ownership of the records could be sorted out. We were
assisted initially by Sophie Slaata, who was acting at the time as the legal
representative for the Spielrein estate, and who informed us about other
unpublished material written by Sabina Spielrein. Prior to her return to
Moscow, Spielrein left a cache of letters and papers in the safekeeping of a
psychologist colleague in Geneva, Edouard Claparède. Claparède’s papers,
containing Spielrein’s letters and manuscripts, were subsequently inherited
by his nephew, the Genevan neurologist Georges de Morsier. This material
has remained in the de Morsier family archives and is now in the process of
being catalogued by the Archives Institut Rousseau in Geneva.
The search to gain permission to publish the hospital records in English
took me to Rostov-on-Don, Sabina Spielrein’s birthplace, where I
participated in the Second Sabina Spielrein Memorial Conference in May
1997 and met Spielrein’s niece, Meniche Shpilrain. Although Meniche
Shpilrain was in favour of the publication of the records, we had to wait
for two years while other questions relating to the Sabina Spielrein estate
were being addressed. Sadly, Meniche Shpilrain suffered a severe stroke
during this time and the business of the estate was passed on to her
younger cousin, Evald Shpilrain. I met with Evald Shpilrain twice during this
time, once in London and once in Moscow. The Journal editorial board
and members of the Society of Analytical Psychology in London made a
contribution towards helping with Meniche Shpilrain’s care until her death
in April 2000. It was not until 1999, when the Sabina Spielrein estate
 ix

reverted to the control of the Shpilrain family, that we were able to obtain
permission from the Jung Estate to publish the hospital records in English.
This collection of papers follows on from the special issue of the Journal
of Analytical Psychology, published in January 2001, on Sabina Spielrein.
There is some overlap amongst these papers but we have also selected a
number of new papers, not published before, to complement and expand
on the material already available. The selection of papers is intended to
shed light on different aspects of Spielrein’s life and work. The historical
context in which Sabina Spielrein’s hospital treatment took place is
described (see Minder, Chapters 6 & 7, and Graf-Nold, Chapter 8) along
with commentaries on her therapeutic relationship with Jung (see
Covington, Chapter 9) and her relationship with Jung following her
discharge from hospital in 1905 (see Lothane, Chapter 10, and Cremerius,
Chapter 4). Spielrein’s subsequent professional development as a
psychoanalyst in her own right is also discussed (see Kress-Rosen,
Chapter 12, Richebächer, Chapter 11, and Vidal, Chapter 14). In addition
to these papers, we include extracts from Spielrein’s diary, never before
published in English (Chapter 2), along with some short theoretical pieces
written by Spielrein (Chapter 13) and her paper The origin of the child’s
words Papa and Mama’ (Chapter 15, part II). We also include the letters of
C.G.Jung to Sabina Spielrein (Chapter 3) that were discovered in the de
Morsier archives and published in the German edition of Carotenuto’s A
Secret Symmetry (1986). For readers who would like to delve further into
the work and life of Sabina Spielrein, we would recommend Spielrein’s
seminal paper ‘Destruction as the cause of coming into being’, originally
published in Jahrbuch in 1912 and in English in the Journal of Analytical
Psychology of April 1994. This paper is now widely regarded as the
forerunner to Freud’s concept of the death instinct. We would also
recommend two articles by Victor Ovcharenko, the Russian historian, that
appeared in the July 1999 issue of the Journal of Analytical Psychology.
These articles, ‘The history of Russian psychoanalysis and the problem of
its periodization’ and ‘Love, psychoanalysis and destruction’, give a
fascinating account of the development of psychoanalysis in Russia and
Spielrein’s involvement in this, as well as more detailed biographical
information about her life.
We have made no attempt to synthesize the material we have collected
for this publication and there remain inevitably many gaps and questions.
This collection of papers is our attempt to bring together these historical
documents so that they are accessible to the English-speaking world, with
the hope that this may in turn encourage and facilitate further historical
research as well as the development of the many ideas we have inherited
from Sabina Spielrein’s treatment, from her writing, and from her
relationships. Finally, we hope the publication of this material will also
contribute to the ongoing dialogue between analytical psychologists and
x

psychoanalysts about theory and practice—a dialogue that Sabina Spielrein

was the first to try to preserve.
 Acknowledgements

We would like to give thanks to the following people who have helped in
this publication and in the earlier publication of the special issue of the
Journal of Analytical Psychology: Pramila Bennett, the Burghölzli Clinic,
Angela Connolly, Hélène de Morsier, the C.G.Jung Estate, Angela Graf-
Nold, Leo La Rosa, Bernard Minder, Victor and Ira Ovcharenko, Sabine
Richebächer, the Rostov Psychoanalytical Association, Sonu Shamdasani,
Sophie Slaata, Dorothee Steffens, Sergei Ulyanitsky and Fernando Vidal.
Finally, we are indebted to Meniche and Evald Shpilrain for their support,
generosity, and faith in this work.
 Text acknowledgements

Chapter 2
The extracts first appeared in French, translated from the German by
Jeanne Moll, entitled ‘Extraits inédits d’un journal’ in Le Bloc-Notes de la
Psychanalyse, 1983, No. 3, pp. 147–171, ed. Mario Cifali, Geneva.
Reprinted in English by kind permission of Le Bloc-Notes de la
Psychoanalyse.
Also reproduced with the kind permission of the Spielrein Estate.

Chapter 3
‘The Letters of C.G.Jung to Sabina Spielrein’, translated by B.Wharton,
Journal of Analytical Psychology, January 2001, 46, 1:173–199. First
published in the Journal of Analytical Psychology, reprinted with
permission.
Also reproduced with the permission of the Heirs of the Estate of
C.G.Jung.

Chapter 4
‘Foreword to Carotenuto’s Tagebuch einer heimlichen Symmetrie’ by
Johannes Cremerius. Reproduced with the permission of Psychosozial-
Verlag. Copyright © Kore Verlag.
Also reproduced with kind permission of the author.

Chapter 5
‘Burghölzli Hospital Records of Sabina Spielrein’, translated by Barbara
Wharton, Journal of Analytical Psychology, January 2001, 46, 1:15–42.
First published in the Journal of Analytical Psychology, reprinted with
permission.
Also reproduced with the kind permission of the Spielrein Estate.
 xiii

Also reproduced with the permission of the Heirs of the Estate of

C.G.Jung.

Chapter 6
‘Sabina Spielrein: Jung’s Patient at the Burghölzli’ by Bernard Minder,
Journal of Analytical Psychology, January 2001, 46, 1:43–66. First
published in the Journal of Analytical Psychology, reprinted with
permission.
Reproduced with the permission of the Heirs of the Estate of C.G.Jung.
Also reproduced with kind permission of the author.

Chapter 7
‘A Document. Jung to Freud 1905: A Report on Sabina Spielrein’ by
Bernard Minder, Journal of Analytical Psychology, January 2001, 46, 1:67–
72. First published in the Journal of Analytical Psychology, reprinted with
permission.
Reproduced with the permission of the Heirs of the Estate of C.G.Jung.

Chapter 8
‘The Zurich School of Psychiatry in Theory and Practice. Sabina Spielrein’s
Treatment at the Burghölzli Clinic in Zurich’ by A.Graf Nold, Journal of
Analytical Psychology, January 2001, 46, 1:73–104. First published in the
Journal of Analytical Psychology, reprinted with permission.
Also reproduced with kind permission of the author.

Chapter 9
‘Comments on the Burghölzli hospital records of Sabina Spielrein’ by Coline
Covington, Journal of Analytical Psychology, January 2001, 46, 1:105–
116. First published in the Journal of Analytical Psychology, reprinted with
permission.
Also reproduced with kind permission of the author.

Chapter 10
‘Tender Love and Transference: Unpublished Letters of C.G.Jung and
Sabina Spielrein’ by Zvi Lothane, International Journal of Psycho-
Analysis, 80, 6:1189–1204.
Also reproduced with the kind permission of the author.
xiv

Chapter 11
‘In league with the devil, and yet you fear fire? Sabina Spielrein and C.G.
Jung: A suppressed scandal from the early days of psychoanalysis’ by Sabine
Richebächer. Reproduced with the permission of Staatsarchiv des Kantons
Zürich. Copyright © Staatsarchiv des Kantons Zürich.
Also reproduced with kind permission of the author.

Chapter 12
‘Kindred Spirits’ by Nicolle Kress-Rosen. Reproduced with kind permission
of the author.

Chapter 13
‘Sabina Spielrein: Three Psychoanalytic Studies’, translated by C.J.Wharton,
Journal of Analytical Psychology, January 2001, 46, 1:201–208. First
published in the Journal of Analytical Psychology, reprinted with
permission.
Also reproduced with the kind permission of the Spielrein Estate.

Chapter 14
‘Sabina Spielrein, Jean Piaget—going their own ways’, by Fernando Vidal.
Reproduced by kind permission of the author.

Chapter 15
Part I Comment on Spielrein’s paper ‘The origins of the child’s words Papa
and Mama’, by Barbara Wharton. Reproduced with the permission of
Psychosozial-Verlag. Copyright © Kore Verlag.
Part II The origin of the child’s words Papa and Mama. Some
observations on the different stages of language development.
Both parts have been reproduced with kind permission of the author.
 Chapter 1
Introduction
Coline Covington

No ashes, no coal can burn with such glow

as a secretive love
of which no one must know.

From the diary of Sabina Spielrein, 22 February 1912

(Carotenuto 1982:43)
Sabina Spielrein is perhaps best known for her love affair with Carl Jung.
While it is debatable whether their relationship was actually consummated,
it bore fruit for them both in giving rise to psychological insights and
discoveries that were to become the basis for fundamental theoretical
concepts in psychoanalysis and analytical psychology—concepts such as
the anima, countertransference, and the death instinct. We can see the
seeds of Spielrein’s erotic transference to Jung in his account of her
treatment at the Burghölzli Clinic in Zürich where she was admitted to his
care in 1904. At the time Spielrein was 19 years old; she had been sent for
treatment by her parents from her home in Rostov-on-Don near the Black
Sea in Russia. She was highly intelligent and lively and also diagnosed as
suffering from hysteria on her admission to hospital. Jung was ten years
older, he had recently taken up an appointment to work under Prof.
Bleuler, head of the Burghölzli Clinic, and he had also recently married. He
was laying the foundations for both his professional and his domestic life.
Jung had read Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams, published in 1900, and
was impressed with Freud’s new technique of psychoanalysis—so much so
that he adopted it in his treatment of Spielrein, along with developing his
word association test as a means of exploring and explaining the links
between memory, image, and repression in what was to become his theory
of the complexes. Two years later, Jung began his correspondence with
Freud and in a letter dated 23 October 1906 he first referred to his
‘difficult case’, a ‘Russian girl student’, asking Freud for his opinion.
By June 1905 Spielrein had been discharged from the Burghölzli and had
enrolled as a medical student at the University of Zürich. She was still
2 COVINGTON

under Jung’s care and from this point on it becomes evident from her
diaries and correspondence with Jung that Jung’s own erotic transference
towards Spielrein was beginning to emerge. The intensity of their
relationship reached its peak during the years 1908 to 1911, during which
time they were both in correspondence with Freud, seeking his help. Jung,
frightened of jeopardizing his career and family, broke off relations with
Spielrein in March 1909 and wrote to Freud about the ‘scandal’ that was
being spread about him by a female student and his troubles with Spielrein.
Several months later, Spielrein contacted Freud, requesting a consultation
that Freud declined. Sympathetic to Jung’s position, Freud wrote to Jung in
June 1909 (McGuire 1974:230):

…after receiving your wire I wrote Fräulein Sp. a letter in which I

affected ignorance, pretending to think her suggestion was that of an
over-zealous enthusiast. I said that since the matter on which she
wished to see me was of interest chiefly to myself, I could not take the
responsibility of encouraging her to take such a trip and failed to see
why she should put herself out in this way. It therefore seemed
preferable that she should first acquaint me with the nature of her
business. I have not yet received an answer.
Such experiences, though painful, are necessary and hard to avoid.
Without them we cannot really know life and what we are dealing
with. I myself have never been taken in quite so badly, but I have come
very close to it a number of times and had a narrow escape. I believe
that only grim necessities weighing on my work, and the fact that I
was ten years older than yourself when I came to A, have saved me
from similar experiences. But no lasting harm is done. They help us to
develop the thick skin we need to dominate ‘countertransference’,
which is after all a permanent problem for us; they teach us to
displace our own affects to best advantage. They are a ‘blessing in
disguise’…

Spielrein was never to be granted a consultation with Freud and renewed

her contact with Jung over a year later when she received Jung’s comments
on her dissertation. While Spielrein and Jung continued to meet and
correspond, the necessity to sublimate their erotic desire for each other in
favour of an intellectual union became the central focus of their
relationship. The theme of sacrifice, appealing to Spielrein’s religious
nature, emerged powerfully in her writing at this time, and was to colour
her thinking and to shape the events of her life in significant ways from this
time onwards. On the eve of her final medical examination in December
1910 and prior to her departure for Vienna, Spielrein described her parting
with Jung:
 1. INTRODUCTION 3

…My friend and I had the tenderest ‘poetry’ last Wednesday. What
will come of that? Make something good of it, Fate, and let me love him
nobly. A long, ecstatic kiss in parting, my beloved little son! Now—
may luck be with me! What a difference between his diary entry and
mine… in spite of the colossal similarity between us. How
remarkable the difference in the way he, the man, and I, the woman,
contemplated the tasks ahead of us! With him the sacredness of his
profession occupied the foreground, with me the sacredness of love…
8 December 1910 (Carotenuto 1982:37)

It was in October 1911 that Spielrein first met Freud in Vienna. The
following month Spielrein read her first theoretical paper, ‘Destruction as
the cause of coming into being’, at one of Freud’s meetings in the presence
of Freud, Federn, Rank, Sachs, Stekel and Tausk amongst others. Here she
introduced the concept of the death instinct, later to be incorporated and
developed by Freud in Beyond the Pleasure Principle (1920) in which he
refers in a footnote to Spielrein’s idea of the ‘destructive’ component of the
sexual instinct. Commenting on her paper some months later, Freud wrote
to Jung: ‘She is very bright; there is meaning in everything she says; her
destructive drive is not much to my liking, because I believe it is personally
conditioned. She seems abnormally ambivalent’ (McGuire 1974:494).
While Jung, in a note to his revised edition of Transformation and
Symbols of the Libido (1952), acknowledged Spielrein as the originator of
the idea of the death instinct (Symbols of Transformation, CW 5:328, n.
38), he also concurred with Freud’s opinion, responding that her paper was
‘overweighted with her own complexes’. Jung went on to write, ‘My
criticism should be administered to the little authoress in refracta dosi
only, please, if at all. I shall be writing to her myself before long’ (McGuire
1974:498).
It is interesting to note here that Spielrein in her diary entry of 26
November 1910 expressed her fear that Jung would ‘simply borrow the
whole development of the idea’ (of the death instinct). She questioned
herself:

Is this another case of unfounded distrust on my part? I wish so

fervently that might be so, for my second study will be dedicated to
my most esteemed teacher, etc. How could I esteem a person who
lied, who stole my ideas, who was not my friend but a petty,
scheming rival? And love him? I do love him, after all. My work
ought to be permeated with love! I love him and hate him, because he
is not mine. It would be unbearable for me to appear a silly goose in
his eyes. No, noble, proud, respected by all! I must be worthy of him,
and the idea I gave birth to should also appear under my name.
(Carotenuto 1982:35)
4 COVINGTON

Two years later, in a letter dated 25 March 1912, Jung tried to reassure
Spielrein with regard to her fears and the matter of the ‘uncanny’
similarities in their views. He wrote:

…Your study is extraordinarily intelligent and contains splendid

ideas whose priority I am happy to acknowledge as yours. The death
tendency or death wish was clear to you before it was to me,
understandably!… I express myself so differently from you in my
work that no one could imagine that you had borrowed in any way
from me. There is no question of it at all… Perhaps I borrowed from
you too; certainly I have unwittingly absorbed a part of your soul, as
you doubtless have of mine. What matters is what each of us has
made of it. And you have made something good. I am glad that you are
representing me in Vienna. The new work will certainly be
misunderstood. I hope you will be able to represent my ideas.
(Jung 1912; this volume, Chapter 3:46)

Jung’s letter reads like a sleight of hand—he reverses the suggestion that he
might be borrowing her ideas by reassuring her that no one would accuse
her of borrowing from him; he goes on to say it does not matter what he
has borrowed from her because she is part of his soul and they will
inevitably express themselves differently in any case. What seems of
paramount importance to Jung is that Spielrein is able to represent his
ideas in Vienna.
Spielrein continued to work in Vienna and to become closer to Freud.
She became accepted as a member of the Psychoanalytic Society, writing in
her diary that it was ‘on the strength of [her] dissertation’. She commented:

Prof. Freud, of whom I have become very fond, thinks highly of me

and tells everyone about my ‘magnificent article,’ and he is also very
sweet to me personally. Everything I wished for up to now has come
true, with the exception of one thing: where is the man I could love,
whom I could make happy as a wife and the mother of our children?
Still completely alone.
Vienna, 7 January 1912 (Carotenuto 1982:41)

By now Spielrein and Jung are ‘friends’. However, her relations with Jung
soon began to sour and there is some indication that, at least for a time,
her erotic transference may have shifted onto Freud. In February 1912,
hurt upon the receipt of a terse and businesslike letter from Jung, Spielrein
wrote in her diary, analysing a dream:

…I am sliding down a mountain, arrive at a railroad station—whose

name I have forgotten (I think it had an ‘ine’ ending). It was like
 1. INTRODUCTION 5

Switzerland. I meet Frl. Aptekmann, a patient of Dr. Jung’s, who is

going to take her exam soon and is looking very pale. She took her
exam shortly after me, and left Zürich. I feel malicious pleasure at the
effect of Dr. Jung’s treatment on her. I ask her about Dr. J. She says
he has already become director. To this I remark with anxiety,
indignation, and scorn: no, Prof. Bleuler is the director. ‘He, Prof. B.,
is only allowed to go down to the coal cellar now.’ Prof. Bleuler in
my dreams also means Prof. Freud, because I am always confusing
the two names. ‘Coal cellar’ seems on the one hand to suggest that
poor Prof. B. has been relegated to a miserable and painful little role,
but it also has an erotic significance: ‘No ashes, no coal can burn with
such glow/as a secretive love/of which no one must know.’
Cellar=subterranean grotto=womb, a symbolism I encounter in my
patient. Further analysis superfluous. Now Prof. Freud is the one who
causes me to glow; if Dr. J. were also the director, his love would
leave one cold (Frl. A.).
22 February 1912 (Carotenuto 1982:43)

A further erotic reference to Freud appears in a subsequent diary entry

dated 11 July 1912 in which Spielrein noted her marriage on 14 June to Dr
Paul Scheftel and recounted a dream that in her associations led to the birth
of a little girl. The diary entry ends, ‘At night—“Freud”’, suggesting that
her erotised father transference continued to be powerfully present and
active (ibid: 44).
Spielrein continued to be in correspondence with Jung until at least 1919
and with Freud until 1923. In this correspondence we can see the
continuation of her interest in the sexual instinct and its relation to early
development, to the development of language and symbolization, and as a
component of the self. The theme of sacrifice also continues to
predominate in her writings in different forms. In a letter to Jung dated 19
January 1918, Spielrein posed the question, ‘Does the subconscious give any
indication of the arena in which one should live out the “heroic attitude”
represented by the symbol?’ She went on to write:

According to Freud, the Siegfried fantasy is merely wish fulfilment. I

have always objected to this merely. I told myself I was slated for
something great, I had to perform a heroic deed: if analysis now
reveals that my love for X was not perfectly platonic, as I was
convinced it was and wanted it to be—why should I resist and not
view it as my heroic deed to sacrifice myself after all for this sacred
love and create a hero?
(Carotenuto 1982:80).
Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
 Art - Lab Report
Fall 2023 - Academy

Prepared by: Lecturer Williams

Date: August 12, 2025

Introduction 1: Practical applications and examples

Learning Objective 1: Experimental procedures and results
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 2: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Learning Objective 3: Current trends and future directions
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Learning Objective 4: Current trends and future directions
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Learning Objective 5: Ethical considerations and implications
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Current trends and future directions
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Remember: Key terms and definitions
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Definition: Research findings and conclusions
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 8: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Note: Experimental procedures and results
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Example 9: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Unit 2: Study tips and learning strategies
Key Concept: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 11: Study tips and learning strategies
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 12: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Ethical considerations and implications
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Literature review and discussion
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Important: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Important: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Remember: Current trends and future directions
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Practice 3: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
Example 20: Practical applications and examples
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 21: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Practice Problem 21: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Ethical considerations and implications
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Definition: Current trends and future directions
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Study tips and learning strategies
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Note: Literature review and discussion
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Practice Problem 27: Literature review and discussion
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Key terms and definitions
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Important: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
References 4: Historical development and evolution
Note: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Remember: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 32: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Remember: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 33: Literature review and discussion
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 34: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Important: Practical applications and examples
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 35: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Study tips and learning strategies
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Definition: Ethical considerations and implications
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 38: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Remember: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Definition: Key terms and definitions
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Test 5: Practical applications and examples
Key Concept: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 42: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Definition: Literature review and discussion
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Literature review and discussion
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 46: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Important: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Best practices and recommendations
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 48: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Remember: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Test 6: Comparative analysis and synthesis
Practice Problem 50: Practical applications and examples
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Example 52: Ethical considerations and implications
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 55: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Note: Best practices and recommendations
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Example 56: Practical applications and examples
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Case studies and real-world applications
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 58: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
References 7: Research findings and conclusions
Important: Key terms and definitions
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 61: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Ethical considerations and implications
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 63: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 64: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 68: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Note: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Results 8: Practical applications and examples
Definition: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 71: Literature review and discussion
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 72: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Remember: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 75: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Remember: Key terms and definitions
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Practice Problem 76: Current trends and future directions
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Study tips and learning strategies
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 78: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Key Concept: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Lesson 9: Fundamental concepts and principles
Key Concept: Key terms and definitions
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 81: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Current trends and future directions
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Study tips and learning strategies
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Remember: Current trends and future directions
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 86: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Note: Historical development and evolution
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 87: Best practices and recommendations
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
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