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Intruder Alarms
This page intentionally left blank
Intruder Alarms
Third edition

Gerard Honey

AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD

PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO
Newnes is an imprint of Elsevier
Newnes is an imprint of Elsevier
Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK
30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA
First edition 1997
Reprinted 1999, 2000
Second edition 2003
Reprinted 2005, 2006
Third edition 2007
Copyright © 1997, 2003, 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or
transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher
Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights
Department in Oxford, UK: phone: (
44) (0) 1865 843830; fax: (
44) (0) 1865 853333;
email: [email protected]. Alternatively you can submit your request
online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions,
and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material
Notice
No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to
persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise,
or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas
contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical
sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages
should be made
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN–13: 978-0-7506-8167-4
ISBN–10: 0-7506-8167-5

For information on all Newnes publications

visit our website at www.newnespress.com

Typeset by Charon Tec Ltd (A Macmillan Company), Chennai, India

www.charontec.com
Printed and bound in Great Britain
07 08 09 10 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
Contents

Foreword ix

Preface xi

1 Intruder alarm systems 1

1.1 A complementary part of the security industry 3
1.2 European Standards Euro Norms (EN). EN50131 5
1.3 Security grading 13
1.4 Standards, codes of practice and regulations 24
1.5 ACPO Security Systems Policy and response 31
organizations
1.6 Local authority requirements 48
1.7 The installation and servicing company 53

2 Intruder alarm system circuitry 57

2.1 Detector circuits 57
2.2 Line-monitoring devices 62
2.3 The electromagnetic relay 67
2.4 Power circuits 69
2.5 Control circuits 72

3 Intruder alarm detection devices 74

3.1 Protective switches 76
3.2 Continuous wiring 80
3.3 Glass break detectors 81
3.4 Deliberately operated hold up devices 89
3.5 Beam interruption detectors 91
3.6 Movement detectors 95
3.7 Inertia and vibration detectors 112
3.8 Capacitive detectors 115
3.9 Acoustic detectors 117
3.10 Futuristic detection features 118
3.11 Perimeter intruder detection systems (PIDS) 121

4 Power supplies 125

4.1 Primary supply 126
4.2 Secondary supplies 128
4.3 Power supply requirements 134
vi Contents

4.4 Ancillary duties 136

4.5 Power supply considerations 137

5 Intruder alarm control equipment 140

5.1 Control panel system facilities 141
5.2 Control panel detector circuit facilities: 153
control unit features
5.3 Conventional connection details 162
5.4 Ancillary control equipment 170
5.5 Intelligent device (iD), multiplex, data bus 175
networks and addressable systems
5.6 Voltage surges and induced electromagnetic energy 186
5.7 Networking. Uploading and downloading 195

6 Signalling systems and confirmed alarms 204

6.1 Audible signalling devices 207
6.2 Visual signalling devices 218
6.3 Electromagnetic relays: applications 219
6.4 Remote signalling: the alarm receiving centre (ARC) 222
6.5 Remote signalling: telephone lines 226
6.6 Remote signalling systems and connections 232
6.7 Radio signalling 255
6.8 Optical fibres 257
6.9 Alarm confirmation technology 260
6.10 Signalling and active goods protection 266

7 Intruder alarm wiring systems 268

7.1 Survey of modern wiring methods 268
7.2 Installation of supports and cables 279
7.3 Joints and terminations 280
7.4 Fixing methods for devices 285
7.5 Working equipment: safe use 288

8 Inspection and testing of the low-voltage (mains) supply 292

8.1 Part P of the Building Regulations 292
8.2 Visual inspection and testing 294
8.3 Safety precautions and test equipment 295

9 Commissioning, maintenance (servicing) and fault location 303

9.1 Testing the system 304
9.2 Regulatory authority requirements 307
9.3 Fault finding 309
9.4 Customer care: servicing and maintenance 322
9.5 Test equipment 336
 Contents vii

10 Reference information 338

10.1 Wireless intruder alarms 338
10.2 Environmental protection 343
10.3 Multiplication factors 345
10.4 Reference standards, codes of practice and regulations 346

Index 353
This page intentionally left blank
Foreword

Over the last decade, considerable progress has been made in the develop-
ment of educational systems, qualification frameworks and a sector qualifi-
cations strategy, all of which are designed to support the rapidly changing
Security Business Sector that has grown both in size and significance, as
organisations and individuals strive to protect their people, property and
other assets.
The City and Guilds 1852 examination, supported by Skills for Security,
the Skills and Standard Setting Body for the sector, is an example of a quali-
fication that has been specifically designed to help the security systems
industry develop the pool of technicians required, if it is to meet the demands
of its customers and respond to technological and operational changes in
the marketplace.
Skills for Security is, therefore, delighted to endorse this book as a sup-
porting text for the City and Guilds 1852 syllabus. In addition, we believe
that the book is also a useful companion to the 1882 National Vocational
Qualification scheme; Providing Security Emergency and Alarm Systems
at Levels 2 and 3.
We are certain that you will find this book of considerable assistance to
your understanding of the security systems industry and alarm technology
in general, and wish those of you who proceed to take qualifications every
success in your endeavours.
Stefan Hay FSyI
Director of Strategic Development
Skills for Security
This page intentionally left blank
Preface

This book can be seen to be the definitive guide to intruder alarm systems
since it extends its scope to consider all of the controlling practices together
with the various regulations and documents that apply in this industry. In
addition it has been written to follow the City and Guilds syllabus 1852
Level 3 Certificate of Knowledge of Security and Emergency Alarm Systems
module 001 Intruder Alarms. Therefore whilst it contains the essential
content of this governing systems course it can also be used by all person-
nel with an interest in this sector on an international basis.
The chapters of the book have been introduced as separate units which
form the framework of the intruder alarm industry. They will enable the
reader to:
● apply new security systems specification to physical installation and
customer requirements;
● establish the operational feasibility of planned security systems;
● install a complete security system;
● install and test security system equipment which uses data transmission
protocols;
● commission and handover operational security systems;
● audit installed security systems;
● diagnose and rectify faults in security systems;
● contribute to on-site health and safety;
● communicate effectively with others.
Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank all those who provided information for this
book, and in particular:
ACT Meters
Castle Care Tech Ltd
Cooper Menvier Security (Scantronic)
FM Electronics
JWM Control Systems
National Security Inspectorate (NSI)
Pyronix
Security Systems and Alarms Inspection Board (SSAIB)
Skills for Security. Formerly Security Industry Training
Organisation (SITO)
Tavcom Training Ltd
1 Intruder alarm systems

This chapter concentrates on the fact that intruder alarms form only one part
of a much greater security industry. The need for confidentiality in the
industry cannot be overemphasized. Technicians need to be aware of the risk
to themselves, their employers and of course their customers, and it is
important to understand each person’s role in the intruder alarm industry
sector.
It is certainly true to say that the last few years have seen many changes in
the security industry, and advanced technologies combined with stricter
standards and working practices will continue this trend. Technologies in
the security industry will become more complementary, and the engineer
involved with alarms must understand how this will affect him or her and
what can be expected in the long term.
The industry for installers has changed dramatically because of the
introduction of the European Standards and the ongoing influence of
the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) Security Systems Policy.
The year 2000 version of the policy, which is concerned with all security
systems that may generate an ‘electronic call for help’, brought radical
changes to previous versions. Indeed the current edition of the policy has
regularly been under scrutiny and was last critically reviewed in October
2005. The ideal is to reduce false alarm activations that are passed to the
police but with the emphasis being placed on the industry itself to provide
solutions. In keeping with the aims of the policy the security systems
sector is expected to create standards and codes of practice to achieve
results by means of the current technologies available. Within this DD 243:
2004 has been introduced as a code of practice to give guidance and
advice on the design, installation and configuration of intruder alarm sys-
tems which signal confirmed alarm signals to an alarm receiving centre
(ARC). This new policy places great emphasis on the use of such con-
firmed alarm technology in seeking the verification of alarms on moni-
tored systems.
We have also seen the creation of the National Security Inspectorate
(NSI) and many changes within the schemes that provide the inspection
services for companies installing electronic security devices. In addition
the security industry has shown great progress in the development of
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