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Graph Structures For Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Madalina Croitoru Newest Edition 2025

The document discusses the importance of graph structures in knowledge representation and reasoning, particularly in the context of intelligent systems. It highlights the proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Graph Structures for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (GKR 2017) held in Melbourne, Australia, which focused on various topics related to graph-based KRR techniques. The volume includes extended and revised selected papers from the workshop, showcasing advancements in the field and fostering collaboration among researchers.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
30 views146 pages

Graph Structures For Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Madalina Croitoru Newest Edition 2025

The document discusses the importance of graph structures in knowledge representation and reasoning, particularly in the context of intelligent systems. It highlights the proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Graph Structures for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (GKR 2017) held in Melbourne, Australia, which focused on various topics related to graph-based KRR techniques. The volume includes extended and revised selected papers from the workshop, showcasing advancements in the field and fostering collaboration among researchers.

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Madalina Croitoru · Pierre Marquis
Sebastian Rudolph · Gem Stapleton (Eds.)
LNAI 10775

Graph Structures
for Knowledge Representation
and Reasoning
5th International Workshop, GKR 2017
Melbourne, VIC, Australia, August 21, 2017
Revised Selected Papers

123
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 10775

Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science

LNAI Series Editors


Randy Goebel
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Yuzuru Tanaka
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Wolfgang Wahlster
DFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

LNAI Founding Series Editor


Joerg Siekmann
DFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/1244
Madalina Croitoru Pierre Marquis

Sebastian Rudolph Gem Stapleton (Eds.)


Graph Structures
for Knowledge Representation
and Reasoning
5th International Workshop, GKR 2017
Melbourne, VIC, Australia, August 21, 2017
Revised Selected Papers

123
Editors
Madalina Croitoru Sebastian Rudolph
LIRMM Technische Universität Dresden
Montpellier Cedex 5 Dresden
France Germany
Pierre Marquis Gem Stapleton
CRIL-CNRS and Université d’Artois University of Brighton
Lens Brighton
France UK

ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)


Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence
ISBN 978-3-319-78101-3 ISBN 978-3-319-78102-0 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78102-0

Library of Congress Control Number: 2018937369

LNCS Sublibrary: SL7 – Artificial Intelligence

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018


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Preface

Versatile and effective techniques for knowledge representation and reasoning


(KRR) are essential for the development of successful intelligent systems. Many rep-
resentatives of next-generation KRR systems are based on graph-based knowledge
representation formalisms and leverage graph-theoretical notions and results. The goal
of the workshop series on Graph Structures for Knowledge Representation and Rea-
soning (GKR) is to bring together the researchers involved in the development and
application of graph-based knowledge representation formalisms and reasoning
techniques.
This volume contains extended and revised selected papers of the fifth edition of
GKR, which took place in Melbourne, Australia, on August 21, 2017. Like the pre-
vious editions, held in Pasadena, USA (2009), Barcelona, Spain (2011), Beijing, China
(2013), and Buenos Aires, Argentina (2015), the workshop was associated with IJCAI
(the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence), thus providing the perfect
venue for a rich and valuable exchange. Beside the extended workshop papers, this
volume also contains two invited contributions of core GKR community members.
The scientific program of this workshop included many topics related to
graph-based knowledge representation and reasoning such as argumentation, concep-
tual graphs, formal concept analysis, graphical models, Bayesian networks, concept
diagrams, and many more. All in all, the fifth edition of the GKR workshop was very
successful. The papers coming from diverse fields all addressed various issues in
knowledge representation and reasoning and the common graph-theoretic background
allowed us to bridge the gap between the different communities. This made it possible
for the participants to gain new insights and inspiration.
We are grateful for the support of IJCAI and we would also like to thank the
Program Committee of the workshop for their hard work in reviewing papers and
providing valuable guidance to the contributors. But, of course, GKR 2017 would not
have been possible without the dedicated involvement of the contributing authors and
participants.

February 2018 Madalina Croitoru


Pierre Marquis
Sebastian Rudolph
Gem Stapleton
Organization

Workshop Chairs
Madalina Croitoru LIRMM, Université Montpellier II, France
Pierre Marquis CRIL-CNRS and Université d’Artois, France
Sebastian Rudolph Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
Gem Stapleton University of Brighton, UK

Program Committee
Simon Andrews Sheffield Hallam University, UK
Abdallah Arioua INRA, LIRMM, Université Montpellier II, France
Zied Bouraoui Cardiff University, UK
Dan Corbett Optimodal Technologies, USA
Olivier Corby Inria, France
Cornelius Croitoru University Al.I.Cuza Iaşi, Romania
Frithjof Dau SAP, Germany
Juliette Dibie-Barthélemy AgroParisTech, France
Peter Eklund IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Catherine Faron Zucker Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, France
Sebastien Ferre Université de Rennes 1, France
Christophe Gonzales LIP6, Université Paris 6, France
Ollivier Haemmerlé IRIT, Université Toulouse le Mirail, France
John Howse University of Brighton, UK
Bernard Moulin Université Laval, Canada
Laura Papaleo Université Paris-Sud, France
Simon Polovina Sheffield Hallam University, UK
Uta Priss Ostfalia University, Germany
Karim Tabia Université d’Artois, France
Srdjan Vesic CRIL, CNRS – Université d’Artois, France
Nic Wilson Insight UCC, Cork, Ireland
Stefan Woltran Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Bruno Yun Université Montpellier II, France

Additional Reviewers
Jan Maly Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Axel Polleres Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria
Contents

Extended Workshop Papers

Exploring, Reasoning with and Validating Directed Graphs


by Applying Formal Concept Analysis to Conceptual Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Simon Andrews and Simon Polovina

Subjective Bayesian Networks and Human-in-the-Loop


Situational Understanding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Dave Braines, Anna Thomas, Lance Kaplan, Murat Şensoy,
Jonathan Z. Bakdash, Magdalena Ivanovska, Alun Preece,
and Federico Cerutti

Counting and Conjunctive Queries in the Lifted Junction


Tree Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Tanya Braun and Ralf Möller

Representing and Reasoning About Logical Network Topologies . . . . . . . . . 73


Shaun Voigt, Catherine Howard, Dean Philp, and Christopher Penny

From Enterprise Concepts to Formal Concepts: A University Case Study. . . . 84


Jamie Caine and Simon Polovina

Invited Contributions

Visualizing ALC Using Concept Diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99


Gem Stapleton, Aidan Delaney, Michael Compton, and Peter Chapman

Graph Theoretical Properties of Logic Based Argumentation Frameworks:


Proofs and General Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Bruno Yun, Madalina Croitoru, Srdjan Vesic, and Pierre Bisquert

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139


Extended Workshop Papers
Exploring, Reasoning with and Validating
Directed Graphs by Applying Formal
Concept Analysis to Conceptual Graphs

Simon Andrews and Simon Polovina(B)

Conceptual Structures Research Group, Department of Computing, Communication


and Computing Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
{s.andrews,s.polovina}@shu.ac.uk

Abstract. Although tools exist to aid practitioners in the construction


of directed graphs typified by Conceptual Graphs (CGs), it is still quite
possible for them to draw the wrong model, mistakenly or otherwise.
In larger or more complex CGs it is furthermore often difficult–without
close inspection–to see clearly the key features of the model. This paper
thereby presents a formal method, based on the exploitation of CGs as
directed graphs and the application of Formal Concept Analysis (FCA).
FCA elucidates key features of CGs such as pathways and dependencies,
inputs and outputs, cycles, and joins. The practitioner is consequently
empowered in exploring, reasoning with and validating their real-world
models.

1 Introduction
A directed graph–or “digraph”–is a graph whose edges have direction and are
called arcs [9,11]. Arrows on the arcs are used to encode the directional infor-
mation: an arc from vertex A to vertex B indicates that one may move from A
to B but not from B to A. Such graphs for example are used in computer science
as a representation of the paths that might be traversed through a program, or
in higher-level conceptual models where concepts are related to each other by
relations that gain additional semantics (i.e. meaning) by defining the direction
between the source and target concepts. A classic illustration is a cat that sits
on a mat [18]. In this simple example ‘sits-on’ is the semantic relation where the
direction goes from cat to mat and not vice versa.
CGs (Conceptual Graphs) are digraphs that enable modellers to express
meaning in a form that is logically precise whilst being humanly readable, and
serve as an intermediate language for translating between computer-oriented
formalisms and natural languages [14,19]. CGs graphical representation thereby
serve as a readable, but formal specification language for systems design or other
practitioners using this approach [10]. CGs are however drawn by hand. Tools
such as CoGui and CharGer already exist to assist the practitioner in creating
a well-formed CG (Conceptual Graph) that adheres to the prescribed grammar
and syntax [1,2]. However there is no guarantee that a model created using CGs
c Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
M. Croitoru et al. (Eds.): GKR 2017, LNAI 10775, pp. 3–28, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78102-0_1
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