Umhlahlandlela Wakho

Wamalungiselelo Okuhlola

STEP 12

ISIZULU ULIMI
LWASEKHAYA
NOLIMI IBANGA

LOKUQALA
LOKWENGEZA
12
IPHEPHA LOKU-1 ISIMO SOLIMI
(ISIFUNDO SOKUQONDISISA,
UKUFINGQA KANYE NEZAKHIWO
NEZIMISO ZOKUSETSHENZISWA KOLIMI)

Supported by
 MINISTER
BASIC EDUCATION
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
Private Bag X603, Pretoria, 0001 Tel • (012) 357 300 • Fax (012) 323 5989
Private Bag X9034, Cape Town, 8000 • Tel (012) 465 7350 • Fax (021) 461 4788
Website: http//www.education.gov.za

13 FEBRUARY 2025

FOREWORD BY THE MINISTER OF BASIC EDUCATION

Education is the cornerstone of progress and development in any nation. It is a powerful tool
that drives economic growth, reduces inequality, and improves the overall quality of life for
our people. A well-educated society is not only equipped to tackle challenges but is also
empowered to seize opportunities that shape a better future for generations to come. As a
country, we have an obligation to invest in the education of our young people, ensuring that
they have the knowledge, skills, and resilience to succeed in an ever-changing world.

It is in this spirit that I am pleased to favour you with the AVBOB Step 12 examination
preparation guides. These guides are an essential resource for both learners and teachers,
providing a structured and strategic approach to exam readiness. By offering comprehensive
subject coverage, past examination questions, and practical revision techniques, these
guides help learners approach their final assessments with confidence and clarity.

Beyond curriculum preparedness, these guides also address critical aspects of academic
success such as stress management and time management. Preparing for exams can be a
stressful period for learners, and equipping them with the skills to manage pressure
effectively is just as important as mastering the content itself. Through practical strategies
and expert advice, these guides ensure that learners can perform at their best, both mentally
and academically.

I would like to extend my gratitude to AVBOB for their unwavering support of education in
South Africa. Their commitment to empowering young minds and fostering excellence in
learning is truly commendable. To our learners and teachers, I encourage you to use these
resources to their fullest potential. Study hard, stay focused, and remember that your efforts
today will shape the future you deserve. You may download these guides at no cost from
www.avbobstep12.co.za.

I wish you all the best in your studies and your examinations

Ms. Siviwe Gwarube, MP

Minister of Basic Education, South Africa
Date: 13 February 2025

Basic Education * Basiese Onderwys* Imfundvo Lesisekelo*Ifundosisekelo*IMfundo Eyisisekelo*IMfundo esiSiseko*Dyondzo ya le Hansi* Pfunzo ya Mutheo*Thuto ya
Motheo* Thuto ya Motheo* Thuto ePotlana
Uhlelo lokuqukethwe
1 Isingeniso 01
2 Isakhiwo sePhepha Loku-1 02
3 Okuqukethwe: Liphendulwa kanjani iPhepha loku–1? 04

3.1 Isiqephu A: Isifundo sokuqondisisa (Umbuzo 1) 04

3.1.1 Hlobo luni lwemibuzo yemibhalo efundwayo nebukwayo ongalulindela? 05
3.1.2 Kumele uyiphendule kanjani imibuzo yombhalo? 05

3.2 Isiqephu B: Ukufingqa (Umbuzo 2) 07

3.3 Isiqephu C: Isakhiwo neZimiso Zokusetshenziswa Kolimi (Umbuzo 3-5) 08

3.3.1 Umbuzo 3 09
3.3.1.1 Izimo nezakhiwo zolimi 09
a) Izimo zolwazimagama esiZulu 09
b) Ukuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama 09
c) Isifundo sencazelomagama 14
d) Amagama adidanayo 16
e) Incazelo eqondile kanye nencazelo egudliselayo 17
f) Ulimi olufengqayo 17
g) Ukugcizelela 17
h) Igama elilodwa esikhundleni samaningi 17
i) Izimo zomphakathi 18
j) Izifinyezo nama-akhronimi 18
k) Ukulandelana kwamagama 19
l) Ukuxhumanisa/izibanjalo (kufaka izihlanganiso) 21
m) Izenzo 22
n) Inkulumo-ngqo nenkulumo-mbiko 25
o) Izimpawu zokuloba 27
p) Ubudlelwano phakathi kwamagama, imisho nezigaba 28
3.3.1.2 Amasu okunxenxa 28
3.3.2 Umbuzo 4 32
3.3.3 Umbuzo 5 34

Amatheksthi nemibuzo esetshenziswe kulo mhlahlandlela

KUYIZIBONELO nje zalokhu okungalindelwa ekuhloleni kokugcina.
1. Isingeniso
Lo mhlahlandlela wamalungiselelo okuhlola uhlose ukukusiza ukuthi uthole amamaki amahle ePhepheni
loku-1 (Isimo Solimi: Isifundo sokuqondisisa, Ukufingqa kanye neZakhiwo neZimiso Zokusetshenziswa
Kolimi). Lo mhlahlandlela unezingxenye ezimbili: ingxoxo ngesakhiwo sePhepha loku-1, ilandelwe yingxoxo
ngokulindelekile nokuqukethwe ekusetshenzisweni kolimi. Ulwazi lwalezi zingxenye zombili luyadingeka
ekukuphumeleliseni lapho ubhala iPhepha loku-1.
Isakhiwo kanye nokuqukethwe iPhepha loku-1 kusekelwe esiTatimendeni seNqubomgomo yoHlelo lwezeMfundo
nokuHlola (u-TAHFUZWE owaziwa ngelika-CAPS) olugunyazwe nguMnyango weMfundo eyiSisekelo njengom-
hlahlandlela oyimpoqo wokufundisa nokuhlola. Ake ucele uthisha wakho akukhombise u-TAHFUZWE (kanye
nomhlahlandlela wokuhlola omusha) ukuze uzibonele mathupha ukuthi yini enqunyelwe iPhepha loku-1.

Isivivinyo esi-online
Lo mhlahlandlela awenzelwanga
ukukwethwesa umthwalo omkhulu
ngamaphuzu nolwazi, kodwa uhlose
UKUKUHOLELA endleleni efanele
nekusa empumelelweni. Kumele
wenze umsebenzi wakho
uthuthukise ikhono lakho. Awuyona
incwadi yokufunda, ngakho-ke
awuqukethe yonke imininingwane
esohlelweni lokufunda. Lapha
siphawula ngezingxenye ezibalulekile
ukuze uziqaphelisise. Nokho usalindeleke
ukuthi wenze umsebenzi wakho nothisha
uphinde uthuthukise ikhono lakho.

KUMELE WAZI UKUTHI KUTHIWANI

KUTAHFUZWE/UTHINI UTAHFUZWE

Lapho uLimi LwaseKhaya lwehluka oLimini LokuQala lokwEngeza, imininingwane eqondene

noLimi LokuQala LokwEngeza izokhonjiswa ngombhalo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ikhasi 01
 2. Isakhiwo sePhepha Loku-1
Funda le mininingwane engezansi ngokucophelela ngoba izokusiza ukuba uphendule kahle imibuzo
esephepheni lokuhlola ngendlela efanele.

ULIMI LWASEKHAYA
ƒ Unamahora amabili (imizuzu eyi-120) okuphendula iPhepha loku-1. Amamaki aleli phepha esewonke angama-70.
ƒ Iphepha lehlukaniswe iziqephu ezintathu: Isiqephu A (Isifundo sokuqondisisa), isiqephu B (Ukufingqa) nesiqephu C (Izakhiwo
Nezimiso Zokusetshenziswa Kolimi).
ƒ Funda ngokucophelela imiyalelo esekuqaleni kwephepha ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uyiqondisise kahle yonke.
ƒ Kumele uphendule yonke imibuzo esePhepheni loku-1 – kuphoqelekile ukuthi uyiphendule yonke le mibuzo.
ƒ Isiqephu A (Umbuzo 1) sinamamaki angama-30. Lesi siqephu sinemibhalo emibili: umbhalo ofundwayo kanye nombhalo
obukwayo (isithombe noma izithombe). Kumele uphendule imibuzo yokuqondisisa esuselwe kule mibhalo emibili.
(QAPHELA: Igama elithi, umbhalo lisho itheksthi).
ƒ Isiqephu B (Umbuzo 2) sinetheksthi okumele uyifunde bese uyifingqa njengoba uyalelwe, sinamamaki ayi-10.
ƒ Isiqephu C sinemibuzo emithathu (Umbuzo 3, 4 kanye nombuzo 5).
ƒ Umbuzo 3 unamamaki ayi-10 futhi uqukethe isikhangisi okumele kusona uphendule imibuzo emayelana namasu okukhangisa
(le mibuzo inamamaki ayi-8) bese kuba khona imibuzo yolimi (imibuzo eqondene nokuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama nokusetshe-
nziswa kolimi NOMA isakhiwo semisho kanye nokuhlelwa kwemibhalo, lokhu kunamamaki ama-2).
ƒ Umbuzo 4 uqukethe ikhathuni, kuwona kumele uphendule imibuzo ikakhulukazi eqondene nokuqaphelisisa ukuthi ulimi
lusetshenziswa kanjani kanye nokuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama nokusetshenziswa kolimi NOMA isakhiwo semisho kanye
nokuhlelwa kwemibhalo.
ƒ Umbuzo 5 uqukethe umbhalo ofundwayo, kuwona kumele uphendule imibuzo emayelana nokuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama
nokusetshenziswa kolimi KANYE nesakhiwo semisho nokuhlelwa kwemibhalo, lokhu kunamamaki ayi-10.

Isiqephu A Isiqephu B * Isiqephu C Isamba

Imizuzu Imizuzu Imizuzu Imizuzu eyi-120
engama-50 engama-25 engama-45 (amahora ama-2)

* Isiqephu C: Musa ukusebenzisa imizuzu edlula kweyi-15 embuzweni ngamunye: Imizuzu eyi-15 X 3 = nemizuzu engama-45

IPHEPHA LOKU-1: AMAHORA AMA-2, AMAMAKI ANGAMA-70, IZIQEPHU EZI-3

Isiqephu A: amamaki angama-30 Isiqephu B: amamaki ayi-10 Isiqephu C: amamaki angama-30

Umbuzo 1 Umbuzo 2 Umbuzo 3
Umbhalo ofundwayo kanye Umbhalo ofundwayo – Ukufingqa Isikhangisi – amasu okukhangisa,
nobukwayo – Imibuzo yokuqondisisa isakhiwo nezimiso zokusetshenziswa
kolimi (amamaki ayi-10)
Umbuzo 4
Ikhathuni – indlela ulimi
olusetshenziswa ngayo kanye
nesakhiwo nezimiso zokusetshenziswa
kolimi (amamaki ayi-10)
Umbuzo 5
Umbhalo ofundwayo – izakhiwo nezimiso
zokusetshenziswa kolimi (amamaki ayi-10).
ƒ Bala amakhasi ephepha lakho lemibuzo uqiniseke ukuthi liphelele.
ƒ Phendula imibuzo ngokubhala ngepeni elibhala ngoyinki OMNYAMA noma OLUHLAZA OKWESIBHAKABHAKA.

Ikhasi 02
ULIMI LOKUQALA LOKWENGEZA
ƒ Unamahora amabili (imizuzu eyi-120) okuphendula iPhepha loku-1. Amamaki aleli phepha esewonke angama-80.
ƒ Iphepha lehlukaniswe iziqephu ezintathu: Isiqephu A (Isifundo sokuqondisisa), isiqephu B (Ukufingqa) nesiqephu C (Izakhiwo
Nezimiso Zokusetshenziswa Kolimi).
ƒ Funda ngokucophelela imiyalelo esekuqaleni kwephepha ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uyiqondisise kahle yonke.
ƒ Kumele uphendule yonke imibuzo esePhepheni loku-1 – kuphoqelekile ukuthi uyiphendule yonke le mibuzo.
ƒ Isiqephu A (Umbuzo 1) sinamamaki angama-30. Lesi siqephu sinemibhalo emibili: umbhalo ofundwayo kanye nombhalo
obukwayo (isithombe noma izithombe). Kumele uphendule imibuzo yokuqondisisa esuselwe kule mibhalo emibili.
(QAPHELA: Igama elithi, umbhalo lisho itheksthi).
ƒ Isiqephu B (Umbuzo 2) sinetheksthi okumele uyifunde bese uyifingqa njengoba uyalelwe, sinamamaki ayi-10.
ƒ Isiqephu C sinemibuzo emithathu (Umbuzo 3, 4 kanye nombuzo 5) sinamamaki angama-40.
ƒ Umbuzo 3 unamamaki ayi-10 futhi uqukethe isikhangisi okumele kusona uphendule imibuzo emayelana namasu okukhangisa
(le mibuzo inamamaki ayi-8) bese kuba khona imibuzo yolimi (imibuzo eqondene nokuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama
nokusetshenziswa kolimi NOMA isakhiwo semisho kanye nokuhlelwa kwemibhalo, lokhu kunamamaki ama-2).
ƒ Umbuzo 4 uqukethe ikhathuni, kuwona kumele uphendule imibuzo ikakhulukazi eqondene nokuqaphelisisa ukuthi ulimi
lusetshenziswa kanjani kanye nokuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama nokusetshenziswa kolimi noma isakhiwo semisho kanye
nokuhlelwa kwemibhalo (amamaki ayi-10).
ƒ Umbuzo 5 unamamaki angama-20 uhlukaniswe ngezingxenye ezimbili: umbhalo ofundwayo okuvela kuwo imibuzo
yolimi (5.1 unamamaki ayi-14) kanti umbhalo obukwayo (5.2 unamamaki ayi-6) uqukethe imibuzo yolimi.

Isiqephu A Isiqephu B * Isiqephu C Isamba

Imizuzu Imizuzu Imizuzu Imizuzu eyi-120
engama-50 engama-20 engama-50 (amahora ama-2)
* Isiqephu C: Musa ukuchitha isikhathi esedlula imizuzu eyi-12 embuzweni ngamunye, embuzweni 3 no-4 futhi usebenzise
imizuzu engama-26 embuzweni 5 (imizuzu eyi-18 emibuzweni yetheksthi ebhaliwe nemizuzu eyi-8 emibuzweni yetheksthi
ebukwayo): imizuzu eyi-12 + nemizuzu eyi-12 + nemizuzu engama-26 = imizuzu engama-50.

IPHEPHA LOKU-1: AMAHORA AMA-2, AMAMAKI ANGAMA-80, IZIQEPHU EZI-3

Isiqephu A: Amamaki angama-30 Isiqephu B: Amamaki ayi-10 Isiqephu C: Amamaki ayi-40

Umbuzo 1 Umbuzo 2 Umbuzo 3
Umbhalo ofundwayo kanye Umbhalo ofundwayo – Ukufingqa Isikhangisi – amasu okukhangisa kanye
nobukwayo – Imibuzo yesifundo nesakhiwo nezimiso zokusetshenziswa
sokuqondisisa kolimi (amamaki ayi-10)
Umbuzo 4
Ikhathuni – indlela ulimi
olusetshenziswa ngayo kanye
nesakhiwo nezimiso zokusetshenziswa
kolimi (amamaki ayi-10)
Umbuzo 5
Umbhalo ofundwayo nombhalo
obukwayo – izakhiwo nezimiso
zokusetshenziswa kolimi. Amamaki
angama-40 (10 + 10 + 20)
ƒ Bala amakhasi ephepha lakho lemibuzo uqiniseke ukuthi liphelele.
ƒ Phendula imibuzo ngokubhala ngepeni elibhala ngoyinki OMNYAMA noma OLUHLAZA OKWESIBHAKABHAKA.

EPhepheni loku-1 kumele uphendule YONKE imibuzo yazo ZONTATHU IZIQEPHU.

Ikhasi 03
 3. Okuqukethwe: Liphendulwa kanjani iPhepha loku–1?
Funda ngokucophelela umbhalo ofundwayo, bese ubuka ngokuqaphelisisa umbhalo obukwayo. Ukuhumusha
imibhalo ngokufanelekile kanye nokuhlela impendulo yakho ngokucacile yikhono okumele ubenalo uma ufuna
ukuthola amamaki amaningi ePhepheni loku-1. Iziqephu ezahlukene zidinga amakhono ahlukene esizoxoxa ngawo
ngokwehlukana kwawo ngezansi. La makhono kuzoxoxwa ngawo ngokwehlukana kule ngxoxo elandelayo:

3.1 Isiqephu A: Isifundo sokuqondisisa (Umbuzo 1)

Esiqeshini A (Umbuzo 1) kugcizelelwa ukufunda nokuqondisisa itheksthi efundwayo (Umbhalo A) kanye nokuhumusha umbhalo
obukwayo (Umbhalo B). Umbhalo B kumele ube nendikimba exhumene nombhalo A.

ULimi LwaseKhaya ULimi LokuQala LokwEngeza

Umbhalo A: Amagama angama-500–560 Umbhalo A: Amagama angama-450–500
Umbhalo B: Uhambisana nombhalo A Umbhalo B: Akulindelekile ukuba uhambisane nombhalo A

Ukuqonda umbhalo kudinga ukuba ube namasu alandelayo ngoba imibuzo isekelwe kulokhu:
ƒ Kumele uqonde okushiwo amagama, imisho kanye nezigaba ezikumbhalo A. (Ukuze uqonde, kumele uzinikeze ithuba
lokufunda imibhalo eminingi eyahlukene ukuze uthuthukise lelo khono lakho).
ƒ Thola ubudlelwano obukhona phakathi kwamagama, imisho nezigaba.
ƒ Sebenzisa ulwazi oluthola emininingwaneni esembhalweni ukucabangela izincazelo.
ƒ Sebenzisa ulwazi olujulile lokubona imibono evezwa embhalweni.
ƒ Qhathanisa ubuye uhumushe imibono eveziwe.
ƒ Hlaziya imininingwane enikeziwe.
ƒ Sebenzisa imininingwane ezimeni ezintsha.
ƒ Xhumanisa imibono eyahlukene ukwakha isithombe esiphelele.
ƒ Hlolisisa ngokuhlaziya ubungakho bemibono.
ƒ Khombisa ulwazi olujulile mayelana nobudlelwano phakathi kombhalo A nombhalo B (uLimi LwaseKhaya kuphela).

Imibhalo ifana nolwembu lwesicabucabu.

Ngemibuzo KANYE NEZIMPENDULO ZAKHO
kumele ukhombise ukuthi uyaqonda
ukuthi umbhalo ubunjwe kanjani nokuthi
kunakuxhumana kuni ezingxenyeni zemibhalo
ehlukene. Kwenziwa kanjani lokho?

ƒ Ngokuthi uhlaziye okungenani emihlanu imibhalo efundwayo nebukwayo ngonyaka, nokuphendula imibuzo ephathelene
nayo, ungakwazi ukuthuthukisa amakhono akho adingekayo.
ƒ Uthisha wakho angakunikeza imibhalo efundwayo nebukwayo kanye nemibuzo yakhona ukuze uzivivinye ngokwenza lowo
msebenzi.

Ikhasi 04
3.1.1 Hlobo luni lwemibuzo yemibhalo
efundwayo nebukwayo ongalulindela?
ƒ Imibuzo engama-40% ihlola ukuthi uyawuqonda lowo mbhalo
(amagama, imisho, izigaba). Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpendulo
zemibuzo zizotholakala ngqo embhalweni.
ƒ Imibuzo engama-40% elandelayo izobe ihlola ikhono lakho
lokuCABANGELA. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpendulo aziveli ngqo
embhalweni, kodwa imininingwane esembhalweni iba YISISEKELO
ONGASUSELA kuso ukucabangela izimpendulo ezisuselwa kule
mininingwane evezwa embhalweni. Kumele uwuqondisise kahle
umbhalo ukuze ukwazi ukuphendula lolu hlobo lwemibuzo.
ƒ Imibuzo engama-20% yokugcina ibhekiswe ekhonweni lokuba
nolwazi olunzulu lokuqonda umbhalo, ukusebenzisa imininingwane ezimeni ezintsha, ukuyihlaziya uze ufinyelele
esinqumeni esithize. Kumele uwuqondisise kahle umbhalo ukuze ukwazi ukuphendula lolu hlobo lwemibuzo.
ƒ Eminye yemibuzo izoba LULA, eminye ibe sesilinganisweni ESIPHAKATHI NAPHAKATHI kanti eminye izokuba LUKHUNI.
Kungahle kube khona imibuzo embalwa elukhuni. Ungethuki, yehlisa umoya, uphendule yonke imibuzo ngokusemandleni
akho usebenzise ikhono lakho.

3.1.2 Kumele uyiphendule kanjani imibuzo yombhalo na?

ƒ Funda isihloko sombhalo kaningana uzame ukuthola ukuthi isihloko sizama ukukutshelani noma ukudlulisa muphi umyalezo.
ƒ Funda umbhalo ngokuwukha phezulu ube uzama ukuthola ukuthi yini equkethwe yilowo mbhalo.
ƒ Funda imibuzo ngamafuphi ukuthola umbono wobubanzi nokujula kwemibuzo nokuthi yini ebuzwayo.
ƒ Phinda ufunde umbhalo, kodwa manje funda ngokucophelela ube unemibuzo emqondweni wakho.

MANJE qala ukuphendula imibuzo:

ƒ Qala ngombuzo 1.1 bese udwebela igama noma AMAGAMA AWUKHIYE/AWUMONGO wombuzo.
ƒ Vumela amagama awukhiye akuholele empendulweni yombuzo.
ƒ Ngaphambi kokuba ubhale phansi impendulo yakho yombuzo 1.1, zibuze lokhu: Ngabe impendulo yami iphendula lokhu
okudingwa umbuzo na?
ƒ Landela leyo ndlela kuyo yonke imibuzo elandelayo.
ƒ Uma ungayazi incazelo yegama elithize, landela umkhondo wokuthi lelo gama lisetshenziswe kanjani – lokhu kuyaye kusize
ekutholeni incazelo yegama.
ƒ Uma kukhona imibuzo edinga okufanayo, umehluko, ukwehluka, ukuqhathanisa, umbhinqo/umbhuqo kumele unikeze
izinhlangothi zombili zalokhu okushoyo.

Isibonelo:
Umbuzo – Yini umehluko phathi kwehembe eligqokwe uThabo nehembe eligqokwe uThemba?
Impendulo:
UThabo ugqoke ihembe elinemikhono emide kanti uThemba ugqoke ihembe elinemikhono emifushane.
Ukuphawula ukuthi uThabo ugqokeni kuphela kuyimpendulo engaphelele – ZOMBILI izinhlangothi kumele zinikezwe (ukuthi
uThabo ugqokeni nokuthi uThemba ugqokeni). Ngokunjalo zombili izinhlangothi kumele zinikezwe nalapho imibuzo idinga
okufanayo, ukwehluka, ukuqhathanisa, umbhinqi/umbhuqo nakweminye imibuzo efana naleyo.

Ikhasi 05
ƒ Lapho umbuzo ufuna igama elilodwa kuphela, kumele unikeze igama elilodwa kuphela.
ƒ Lapho umbuzo ufuna amagama angaphezu kwelilodwa, qiniseka ukuthi umbuzo ufuna amagama amabili (noma ngaphezulu)
EHLUKENE, noma AMAGAMA ALANDELANAYO – bese uphendula umbuzo ngendlela elindelekile.
ƒ Uma umbuzo ufuna okucashunwe etheksthini, lokhu okucashuniwe kumelwe kuvele njengoba kunjalo etheksthini,
makungabi namaphutha.
ƒ Lapho umbuzo unezingxenye ezingaphezu kweyodwa, qiniseka ukuthi uphendula umbuzo njengoba izingxenye zilandelana.
ƒ Uma kumele uphendule umbuzo ngoYEBO noma ngoCHA – noma IQINISO/IPHUTHA; NGIYAVUMELANA/ANGIVUMELANI –
qiniseka ukuthi NGASO SONKE ISIKHATHI wengeza ngokwesekela uYEBO noma uCHA wakho (ngokunjalo no- IQINISO/
IPHUTHA; NGIYAVUMELANA/ANGIVUMELANI).

Qaphela futhi ukuthi ukwesekela kwakho kuyahambisana noYEBO noma uCHA - Uma empendulweni yakho uthe
YEBO, sekela impendulo ethi YEBO, ungasekeli uCHA, ngokwenzenjalo uzothola amamaki amaningi. Uma uthi
YEBO bese wesekela uCHA awusoze wathola amamaki alowo mbuzo.

ƒ Uma uphendula umbuzo, ngaphambi kokuba unikeze ukusekela kwakho, khumbula ukuqala ngoYEBO noma ngoCHA
(ngokunjalo no-IQINISO/IPHUTHA; NGIYAVUMELANA/ANGIVUMELANI).
ƒ Ngokujwayelekile, ukulandelana kwemibuzo kulandela ukuhleleka kombhalo, nokho lokho akubi njalo ngaso sonke
isikhathi. Kungaba khona imibuzo ezokuphindisela esigabeni esingenhla noma ithinte izigaba ezilandelayo; lindela-ke
ukuba wehle ubuye wenyuke nezigaba zesiqephu.
ƒ Lapho kubuzwa ngobudlelwano phakathi kwemisho/izigaba/itheksthi/umbono, njalonjalo, qiniseka ukuthi uyawazi amazwi
awukhiye alowo mbuzo bese uthola leyo miqondo exhumanayo yaleyo misho/zigaba/matheksthi/mibono, njalonjalo.
Nquma ukuthi yibuphi ubudlelwano obukhona bese ubhala phansi impendulo yakho ngendlela echachile neqondile.
ƒ Lapho kubuzwa ngeqiniso nangombono, kumele ukhumbule ukuthi: iqiniso lingafakazelwa ngemininingwane ezimele;
umbono indlela umuntu abona ngayo kanti ungehluka komunye umbono womunye nomunye.

Isibonelo: Nginemali eyi-R1000 – lokhu yiqiniso ngoba ungayibala leyo mali ufinyelele kuleso sibalo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi uma ngithi nginemali eningi - lokhu kungumbono, ngoba lokhu kumuntu ompofu
okuningi (imali eyi-R1000) kanti kuyinto encane kakhulu kumuntu ocebile.

ƒ Imibuzo evulekile: Nxa umbuzo uqala ngokuthi, “Ucabanga …?” kusho ukuthi impendulo ayikho esiqeshini, kodwa
kumele unikeze eyakho impendulo ezimele engasuselwe esiqeshini. Lokhu akusho ukuthi uma kunjalo unganikeza noma
iyiphi impendulo ngaphansi komthunzi welanga ngoba umbuzo uthi “Ucabanga …?” Impendulo yakho ezimele kumele
ibe nokuxhumana nesiqephu/neziqephu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi wengeza ubungakho betheksthi ngalokhu kuqonda nolwazi
lwakho olwehlukile.
ƒ Ubude (kwesinye isikhathi ukudepha kwempendulo) kuncike emamakini anikezwe lowo mbuzo. Isibonelo,

Uma amamaki emathathu, ungeke wabhala igama elilodwa kuphela; kanti uma kunemaki elilodwa musa ukubhala izigaba
ezinde ezintathu. Qaphela ukunikezwa kwamamaki alowo nalowo mbuzo.

ƒ Ngokuvamile kumele unikeze iphuzu elilodwa ngemaki elilodwa. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyalindeleka ukuba wesekela lelo
phuzu, ngakho-ke kumele unikeze imininingwane eminingi emamakini angeziwe.
ƒ Hlukanisa phakathi kwencazelo eqondile (incazelo esobala yegama) kanye nencazelo egudliselayo (ukucabangela
incazelo yamagama/isimo sokukhuluma/izifengqo/incazelo engaqondile). Lokhu kuzokusiza kakhulu ekuqondeni ukuthi
itheksthi ikhuluma ngani.
ƒ Qaphela (ubokwazi ukubona) lapho itheksthi iveza khona ukucabanga-nje, ukuphikisa okubekwayo, ulimi oluthinta
imizwa, ukuchema, ukucwasa, inkolelo engaguquki, ulimi olukhohlisayo kanye nesakhiwo setheksthi.
ƒ Iphuzu noma isitatimende sivamise ukwamukeleka uma sivela kumuntu onolwazi noma ongungoti; nanxa amaphuzu
aliqiniso ethembekile ulwazi luyawasekela.

Ikhasi 06
 3.2 Isiqephu B: Ukufingqa (Umbuzo 2)
Isiqephu B siqukethe umbuzo owodwa - Umbuzo 2 (Bhala ukufingqa okunamamaki ayi-10).

ULimi LwaseKhaya ULimi LokuQala LokwEngeza

Fingqa itheksthi enamagama angama-270 Fingqa itheksthi enamagama angama-220
ngamagama angedluli kwangama-70 ngamagama angedluli kwangama-60.
Fingqa kube isigaba – isigaba esisodwa. Fingqa kube ngamaphuzu.

Kumele ukhumbule lokhu:

ƒ Ungabhali amagama adlule emagameni adingekayo.
ƒ Qiniseka ukuthi uyayiqonda imiyalelo nokuthi uyilandela kahle.
ƒ Kumele unikeze amaphuzu ayi-7 (ayisikhombisa) esigabeni osifingqile. Uma umyalelo udinga izinto eziyisikhombisa
ezimbi, musa ukunikeza izinto eziyisikhombisa ezinhle. Qiniseka ukuthi uyayiqonda imiyalelo.
ƒ Akudingeki ukuthi unikeze isihloko sombhalo wakho owufingqile.
ƒ Bala ukuthi mangaki amagama owasebenzisile lapho ufingqa bese uwabhala phakathi kwabakaki ekugcineni
kwesigaba osifingqile.
ƒ Sebenzisa imisho ephelele lapho ufingqa itheksthi. Ukubhala ngokunqamulela njengoba kwenziwa kuthelegramu noma
ku-Whatsapp akuvumelekile – yilowo nalowo musho kumele uphelele futhi wenze umqondo. Umusho kumele ube
nenhloko nesilandiso.
ƒ Lapho ufingqa bhala ngawakho amagama. Uma ucaphuna njengoba kunjalo esiqeshini, uzolahlekelwa ngamamaki.
Khumbula ukuthi inhloso yokufingqa ukukhombisa ukuthi uyawuqonda umbhalo kanti futhi uyawubona umqondo ubuye
uwubhale ngolimi olunembayo.
ƒ Ungathola amamaki ayi-7 wamaphuzu namamaki ama-3 olimi. Uma ucaphuna njengoba kunjalo esiqeshini,
uzolahlekelwa ngamamaki.

Qaphela!
ƒ Uma ushintsha noma uguqula
igama elilodwa lalokhu
okucaphunile etheksthini, lokho
akusathathwa njengokucashuniwe.
Kusho ukuthini lokhu na?
Okufanele wukuthi usebenzise Kusho ukuthi ungasebenzisa imisho esetheksthini,
awakho amagama. kodwa kumele …
ƒ Uma uguqula ukulandelana ƒ Uguqule noma ususe okungenani igama elilodwa,
kwamagama emshweni noma wengeze ngegama elisha elingekho
ocashuniwe, lokho akusathathwa etheksthini.
njengokucashuniwe noma
njengomusho ocashuniwe. NOMA
ƒ Guqula ukulandelana kwamagama emshweni.

Ukufingqa kuyindlela elula yokuthola amamaki ayi-10. Qiniseka ukuthi

uyayiqonda imiyalelo; ubhala imisho ephelele ubuye unikeze amaphuzu ayi-7.

Ikhasi 07
 3.3 Isiqephu C: Isakhiwo Nezimiso Zokusetshenziswa Kolimi (Umbuzo 3-5)
Lesi siqephu siqukethe imibuzo emi-3 (emithathu): Umbuzo wesi-3, wesi-4 nowesi-5. Yilowo nalowo mbuzo uqukethe
imibuzwana ehlola amakhono alandelayo:
ƒ Ulwazimagama nokusebenza kolimi
ƒ Izakhiwo zemisho nokuhlwelwa kombhalo (kwetheksthi)
ƒ Ukuqaphelisisa ukuthi ulimi lusetshenziswa kanjani (Critical language awareness)
(Khumbula ukuthi imibhalo ebukwayo iyingxenye yoMbuzo 3-4.)

Imibhalo ebukwayo wulwazi lokuqonda nokuhumusha imifanekiso, amavidiyo nezinye izinhlobo zemibhalo
ezahukahlukene. Kubandakanya ukukwazi:
- Ukuhlolisisa: Ukuhlaziya ngokuhlolisisa imifanekiso, njengoba ungenza kanjalo emibhalweni elotshiwe.
- Ukuqonda: Qonda umyalezo odluliswa umfanekiso nokuthi ubunjwe kanjani.
- Ukuhlaziya: Hlaziya ukwakhiwa kwezingxenye ezehlukene zemibhalo ebukwayo kubhekwe isiko,
ukuziphatha, ukuzithokozisa nobuhlakani.

Uma ufunda ulimi kumele ube

nezichazamazwi neminye imithombo
yolwazi engakusiza.

Esiqeshini C kuzobuzwa imibuzo evulekile emibili (owodwa kumbuzo wesi-3 nowodwa kumbuzo wesi-4), ngaphandle kwaleyo
kukhona imibuzo ebuza ngolwazi olujwayelekile nangokusetshenziswa kolimi. Le mibuzo emibili izodinga ukuqaphelisisa
nokuhlaziya, ukuvivinya ukuqonda kwakho nendlela obuka ngayo izinto. Qaphela lokhu okulandelayo:
ƒ Kuzomele uhlaziye ngokuhlolisisa ubuye uphawule.
ƒ Funda imibuzo enjalo ngokucophelela, funisisa ukuthi umbuzo ufunani, hluza ngokucophelela ulwazi nemininingwane bese
uphendula umbuzo ngolwazi nangokuqonda kwakho okusekelwe ulwazi lwakho lolimi.
ƒ Ungethuki ngenxa yemibuzo enjalo, kodwa yisebenzise njengethuba lokubonisa ulwazi lwakho ngokuchachile ngaphandle
kokungabaza.
ƒ Phakathi nonyaka kumele uzijwayeze umkhuba wokufunda ngokuhlaziya umsebenzi, ufune umqondo ojulile nocashile.
Hlolisisa ngokuhlaziya. Qinisa ikhono lakho lokuphawula ngokuhlaziya, usekele umbono bese unikeza owakho umbono.

Lo mhlahlandlela awulona ibhuku lokufundisa futhi awuhlosile ukuthatha umsebenzi wokufundisa kukathisha,
kodwa WENGEZA ulwazi onalo ukuze ULUNGELE UKUHLOLWA. Isibonelo, ifonetiki nezingcezu zenkulumo
akufundwa lapha – lokhu kungafundwa encwadini yokufunda. Nguthisha ozofundisa ngalokho ekilasini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemisindo nezingcezu zenkulumo kuzothintwa lapho kudingekile.

Hlukanisa phakathi komushwana kanye nomusho emibuzweni – lezi yizinto

ezingefani! Uma kubuzwa ngomushwana, akumele ubhale umusho ophelele. Kanjalo,
uma kubuzwa ngomusho, kumele ubhale umusho ofanayo ncimishi nalo osetheksthini.
Umusho: “Ngifunde incwadi endlini yami ntambama.” Umshwana: “… endlini
yami ntambama.”

Ikhasi 08
3.3.1 Umbuzo 3
Umbuzo 3 uqukethe isikhangisi esisodwa noma ezimbili. Qiniseka ukuthi uyayiqonda ingxenye ebukwayo bese ubheka ukuthi ihlobene
kanjani nengxenye yesikhangisi efundwayo. Qiniseka futhi ukuthi uthuthukisa ikhono lakho lokuhumusha amatheksthi anjalo.
Umbuzo 3 unamamaki ayi-10. Imibuzo yehlukaniswe imikhakha emibili.

Amamaki ama-2 emibuzo ephathelene nokuthuthuka Amamaki-ayi 8 amasu okunxenxa – ulimi oluveza
kolwazimagama kanye nokusetshenziswa kolimi noma imizwa, ulimi olunxenxayo, ulimi oluveza ukuchema nolimi
izakhiwo zemisho nokuhleleka kwetheksthi. olukhohlisayo.
Imibuzo ingahlelwa ilandelane noma ngayiphi indlela.
Ake sixoxe ngale mikhakha ngokwehlukana kwayo: izimiso zolimi namasu okunxenxa.

Izimiso zolimi ezisetshenziswa kumbuzo 3, umbuzo 4 nakumbuzo 5!

3.3.1.1 Izimo nezakhiwo zolimi

Qaphela lokhu okulandelayo okuqondene nokuthuthuka kolwazimagama kanye nokusebenza kolimi okumele kubhekwe
ngokucophelela okukhulu:
ƒ Izimo zolwazimagama esiZulu.
ƒ Ukuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama: Umsebenzi weziqalo, iziphongozo, izijobelelo, amagama asuselwe kwezinye izingcezu
zenkulumo, izelulo zezenzo, amabizongxube, njalonjalo.
ƒ Incazelomagama: omqondofana, omqondophika, omabizwafane, amapharonimi, amabizoqoqa, namapholisemi.
ƒ Amagama adidanayo.
ƒ Incazelo eqondile nencazelo egudliselayo.
ƒ Ulimi lwezithombe: izisho/izaga/izifengqo.
ƒ Ukugcizelela
ƒ Igama elilodwa esikhundleni samaningi nama-antomasiya.
ƒ Izimo zomphakathi: ulimi lwesigodi, inkulumo elungiselelwe nengalungiselelwe, isitayela nerijista.

Qaphela: Lokhu kuwuhla lwezinto okumele uziqaphelisise.

a) Izimo zolwazimagama esiZulu

Cela uthisha wakho akuxoxele ngokudabuka kwamagama olimi lwesiZulu: Amanye amagama angawokudabuka, amanye
asuselwe/abolekwe kwezinye izilimi kanti amanye awakaze abe khona ngisho nasemandulo, kodwa ngamagama amasha
aqanjiwe (isibonelo – umakhalekhukhwini). Engxoxweni kubalulekile ukuba sithinte amagama aphindaphinda into eyodwa
(ithotholoji), ukusetshenziswa kwamagama aze adlule kwadingekayo (i-pleonasm), ukuxuba izilimi kanye nesifanekiso
(i-analoji).

b) Ukuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama
Umsebenzi weziqalo, izijobelelo, amagama asuselwa kwamanye, amabizombaxa, njalonjalo. Cela uthisha wakho akuchazele
onke la magama aphawulwe ngenhla. Ngezansi uzothola ngamafuphi izibonelo zala magama:

Ikhasi 09
 IZIPHONGOZO
NOTES
isibonelo – aba-; ngu-; ku-; e-; esi-; kwa-; ka- njalonjalo.
ƒ Isiphongozo (isiqalo noma isivumelwano) yile ngxenye yegama ephongozwa ngaphambi kwesiqu noma komsuka ukwakha
igama elisha:

abafana; abasebenzayo; ngubaba; kumalume; ekhaya; edlala; esibandayo; kwaGumede, kancane; njalonjalo.

ƒ Yileso naleso siphongozo (isiqalo noma isivumelwano) sizimele mayelana nencazelo nomsebenzi waso; isibonelo, aba-
unencazelo yobuningi uma eyisiqalo noma eyisivumelwano sesibaluli noma sesiphawulo. Uzoqaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa
kweziphongozo ezithize kungaliguqula igama libe olunye ucezu lwenkulumo. Ake sibheke nazi izibonelo:

-khula > u-khulu – uyisiqu sesiphawulo. > kakhulu, umkhulu, isikhulu, omkhulu, esikhulayo, njalonjalo. Ngokusebenzisa
iziphongoza sakhe isandiso sesimo (kakhulu), amabizo (umkhulu, isikhulu), isiphawulo (omkhulu kanye nesibaluli
esisuselwe esenzweni (esikhulayo).

Yileso naleso siphongozo sinomsebenzi waso lapho sisebenza nalolo cezu lwenkulumo esihambelana naso.

ƒ Izibonelo zokusetshenziswa kweziphongozo emishweni:

ƒ Lo msebenzi ubonakala sengathi unzima kakhulu.

ƒ Ingane ikhula ibe yinhle.
ƒ Ingane ayikhuli ibe yinhle.
ƒ Ubaba uthi hamba manje.
ƒ Ubaba uthi makahambe manje (u “ma-“ ukhombisa impoqo).
ƒ Uzofik emcimbini?
ƒ Awuzukufik emcimbini?

Cela uthisha wakho achaze ukuthi yileso naleso siphongoza sinikeza

yiphi incazelo mayelana nomsebenzi waso ezingcezwini zenkulumo.

Ikhasi 10
 ISIJOBELELO
Ziningi izijobelelo esiZulwini nazi, izibonelo, -kazi, -ana, -ni, -ini/-eni,
kubuye kube khona izakhi ezisetshenziswayo ukwelula incazelo yesenzo.

ƒ Nazi-ke izibonelo zamagama anezijobelelo:

intandokazi, intabakazi, ikhehlana, hambani, enkosini, emfuleni, njalonjalo. Uzobona ukuthi u-kazi angakhombisa
ubukhulu noma ubulili besifazane, unyawokazi, injakazi; kanjalo no-ni uma esetshenziswe nesenzo ukhombisa
ubuningi; bhala incwadi; bhalani incwadi, hambani!. Izelulo yilezo zakhi esizisebenzisa lapho sikhuluma ngezimpambosi
zesenzo, -el-, -isi-, -an-, njalonjalo. Isibonelo, bamba > bamb-el-a >bambela; thanda > thand-is-a >thandisa, thand-
an-a > thandana; njalonjalo. Lezi zakhi akuzona izijobelelo kodwa izelulo zesenzo.

ƒ Yileso naleso sakhi simumethe incazelo ethize. Ake sibheke u-an- osebenza ukubonisa ukwenzana;

Umfana usizana noThabo; lapha umfana usiza uThabo noThabo usiza umfana. Kodwa uma sithi, umfana usizana
nabakhubazekile akusho ukuthi nabakhubazekile basiza umfana. Umfana ufundana nencwadi; lokhu akusho ukuthi
nencwadi ifunda umfana kodwa kusho into abhidlangile ayenzayo.

Izijobelelo zisetshenziswa nezingcezu zenkulumo ezahlukahlukene.

ƒ Izibonelo zokusetshenziswa kwezijobelelo emishweni:

ƒ Umfana uthanda inja.

Umfana uthanda injana. (U-ana ubonisa ubuncane.)
ƒ UThoko uthanda inja.
UThoko uthanda injakazi. (U-kazi ubonisa ubulili besifazane.)
ƒ Ubaba uthenge inkomo.
Ubaba uthenge inkomazi. (U-azi ubonisa ubululi besifazane.)
ƒ Thina sayibona ngonyaka odlule intaba iKhilimanjaro.
Niyajabula nina esenike nabona intabakazi iKhilimanjaro. (U-kazi isijobelelo esisho ubukhulu.)

Cela uthisha wakho akuchazele ngencazelo yezijobelelo nokusebenza

kwazo ezingcezwini zenkulumo ezahlukene.

UMSUKA
ƒ Umsuka yingxenye yegama okususelwa kuyo igama ngokusebenzisa iziphongozo noma izijobelelo. Yingxenye yegama
engenazo izijobelelo neziphongozo. Isibonelo. –

-sebenz- Uma igama linomsuka nesijobelelo lokho sikubiza ngokuthi isiqu, isibonelo – sebenza. Imvamisa yizenzo
ezikhombisa kahle isiqu. Isibonelo, -sebenza. Amabizo aneziqalo neziqu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ku-sebenz- kungasuselwa
kanjani amagama ngokujobelela noma ngokuphongoza: umsebenzi, izisebenzi, insebenzo, emsebenzini, sisebenzisa,
ngisebenzis-an-a, basebenz-el-a, njalonjalo.

ƒ Bheka ukuthi amagama abhalwe ngokugqamile asetshenziswe kanjani:

ƒ UThemba usheshe akhathale uma esebenza.

ƒ UThemba ukhathalela umndeni wakhe.

Ikhasi 11
 AMABIZOMBAXA/AMABIZONGXUBE
ƒ Amabizombaxa ngamabizo akhiwe ngokubhangqa izinhlobo ezingafani zamagama. Isibonelo,

igeja + izembe > igejazembe; isifika + imithwalo > isifikanamthwalo; izifo + zonke > uzifozonke; qaphela-ke ukuthi
kukhona amanye amabizombaxa akhiwe ngezakhi u-So-, u-No-, u-Ma-; isibonelo, uSobantu, uNomasonto, uMaDlamini.

Cela uthisha wakho akuchazele ukuthi zichazani lezi zakhi ezingenhla.

ƒ Uyabona yini ukuthi amagama abhalwe ngokugqamile kule misho elandelayo asuselwe kwamanye?

ƒ Abadlali bebhola njalo babohlisa ibhola ngemuva komdlalo.

ƒ Akukhathalekile ukuthi umbuzo ubuzwa kangaki, impendulo ayiguquki.

ISILAWULI
ƒ Isilawuli yigama elandulela ibizo. Kuyenzeka ibizo lisebenze kanye nesabizwana emshweni. Isabizwana uma sisebenze
ngaphandle kwebizo kuthiwa sisebenze njengesabizwana kodwa uma sisebenze kanye nebizo sibizwa ngokuthi isilawuli.

ƒ Isibonelo: UThemba usebenza esitolo.

ƒ Yena usebenza esitolo. (u-yena usebenze njengesabizwana esimele ibizo, uThemba)

ƒ Yena uThemba usebenza esitolo. (u-yena usebenze njengesilawuli esigcizelelayo).
ƒ UThemba yena uyasebenza (u-yena usebenze ngengesilawuli esiqhathanisayo).
ƒ Nezinye izabizwana ezifana nesabizwana sokukhomba zisebenza ngendlela efanayo nesabizwana
soqobo sibe isabizwana sangempela, sibe isilawuli esigcizelelayo noma esiqhathanisayo.

AMAGAMA ASUSELWE KWAMANYE NAKWEZINYE IZAKHI

ƒ Ngenhla sikhombisile ukuthi izakhi ezifana nesiphongozo nesijobelelo ziyasetshenziswa ukwakha amagama amasha. Isibonelo,

hamba > uhambo > isihambi, khathaza > inkathazo, yena > ubuyena, njalonjalo.

Isichazamazwi silusizo kakhulu ekuboneni ukuthi amagama amasha asuselwa kanjani kwamanye.

ƒ Ungaziqonda kalula izilawuli (ezibhalwe ngokugqamile) kule misho esetshenzisiwe:

ƒ Lo mfana nguyena ongingqubuzile enkundleni yomdlalo webhola lombhoxo.

(Isilawuli (u-Lo) siyacacisa – sikuvumela ukuthi ucacise ukuthi ngumuphi umfana
okungqubuzile.)
ƒ Le indaba emnandi. (Isilawuli siyacacisa.)
ƒ Abaningi abafundi bawungenele umncintiswano. (Isilawuli (u-abaningi)
siyalinganisa – sikuvumela ukuthi ukhombise ukuthi bangaki abafundi abangenele
umncintiswano.)
ƒ Ungumzali wabo. (Isilawuli (u-wabo) sikhombisa ubumnini. – sikuvumela ukuba
ukhombise ukuthi ungumzali wobani?)
ƒ Akashongo okuningi mayelana nalolu daba. (Isilawuli (u-okuningi) siyalinganisa
bese isilawuli (nalolu) siyacacisa.)

Ikhasi 12
 AMAGAMA AHLUKANISEKAYO
NOTES NANGAHLUKANISEKI
ƒ Kumele wazi ukuthi emagameni esiZulu kukhona amagama angacozululeki noma angahlukaniseki ngoba ayimofeme
eyodwa (ayisakhi esisodwa) kanye namagama ahlukanisekayo. Amagama amaningi angahlukaniseki izenzukuthi kanye
nezibabazo, isibonelo,

Du, gilikidi, mbo, ngqi, habe! maye!, hhayibo!

ƒ Amagama ahlukanisekayo ayatholakala cishe kuzo zonke izingcezu zenkulumo. Isibonelo,

Isitshalo >Isi-tshal-o; (isi- isiqal-o, u-tshal- umsuka, u-o uyisakhi esikhombisa ibizonto) umthungi > um-thung-i (um-
isiqalo, u-thung- umsuka, u-i uyisakhi esikhombisa ibizomuntu).

ƒ Izibonelo zamagama angahlukaniseki:

ƒ Sithi halala kuwena ngane yami!

ƒ Uvele wamuthi muku endlebeni.

ƒ Izibonelo zamagama ahlukanisekayo:

ƒ Halala + isel-a (isiqu + isijobelelo) halalisela: Halalisela bonke abaphumelele emncintiswaneni.

ƒ Thunga- + -i (isiqu + isijobelelo) umthungi: Umthungi udayisa izimpahla.

A
Incazelo: Emshweni “Indodakazi yami
M
isikhuluma kahle isiZulu” isijobelelo,u-kazi A
sisho ubulili besifazane. Emshweni,
“Ubaba uthwele ugodokazi”; isijobelelo
u-kazi sisho ubukhulu. Emshweni,
G
“Kazi sizofika yini lapho na?” U ‘kazi’
akasona isijobelelo kodwa usebenze
A
njengesihlanganiso esisetshenziswa
nocezu lwenkulumo inani. M
A

Ikhasi 13
c) Isifundo sencazelomagama
Umsuka/isiqu usebenza ngokuzimela ngaphandle kwezinye izakhi emshweni, isibonelo, Hamba uyosebenza. Iziphongozo
nezijobelelo nezinye izakhi azizimele ngoba ngeke zasetshenziswa zizodwa emshweni. Incazelo yezakhi incike encazelweni
yomsuka noma yesiqu segama.
Isifundo sencazelomagama yisifundo esichaza ukuthi amagama ayidala kanjani incazelo – isifundo esimayelana nokuhunyushwa
kwencazelo yamagama, imishwana nemisho.

OMQONDOFANA
ƒ Amagama anencazelo efanayo noma ecishe ifane, isibonelo,

ƒ ikhehla – ixhegu
ƒ cela – nxusa
ƒ khala – lila, dazuluka, njalonjalo

ƒ Izibonelo zamagama amqondofana emishweni:

ƒ hle: UThembi yintombazane enhle. = UThembi yintombazane ebukekayo.

ƒ phika: Lo mlisa uthanda ukuphika into ayaziyo. = Uvele walandula sengathi akazi lutho.

OMQONDOPHIKA
ƒ Amagama aveza umqondo ophikisana nalowo ovezwa yigama elithize, isibonelo,

ƒ khala – hleka
ƒ mnyama – mhlophe
ƒ kude – duzane
ƒ inono – inuku
ƒ igagu – ibhimbi, njalonjalo

ƒ Izibonelo zamagama angomqondophika emishweni:

phezulu – phansi
ƒ Amazinga okushisa aphezulu eMkhanyakude.
ƒ Amazinga okushisa aphansi eMkhanyakude.

hlanzekile – ngcolile
ƒ Ikhaya labo lihlala lihlanzekile.
ƒ Ikhaya labo lihlala lingcolile.

Amatheksthi nemibuzo esetshenziswe kulo mhlahlandlela

KUYIZIBONELO nje zalokhu okungalindelwa ekuhloleni kokugcina.

Ikhasi 14
 OMABIZWAFANE
ƒ Amagama aphinyiswa ngokufanayo kodwa incazelo yehlukile. Isibonelo,

ithanga – ithanga (isitho somzimba – isimilo esitshalwa ensimini); funa incazelo yalawa:
idumbe; induna; inyosi, ibala, njalonjalo

ƒ Izibonelo zomabizwafane emishweni:

idumbe – idumbe
ƒ Idumbe (isifo esiqhaqhazelisa izandla): Umalume akasasebenzi ngenxa yesifo sedumbe.
ƒ Idumbe (isitshalo esidliwayo esicishe sifane nobhatata): Umama usiphathele amadumbe esivandeni sakhe.

ibala – ibala
ƒ Ibala (igceke ekhaya): Sivuka ekuseni sishanele ibala.
ƒ Ibala (ukuba mnyama noma ukuba mhlophe): Ingane yasekhaya imnyama ngebala.

OPHIMBOHLUKA
ƒ Amagama apelwa ngokufanayo kodwa aphinyiswe ngendlela engafani, isibonelo,

umzala – umlotha; umzala – ingane ezalwa umalume. Thanda - ukuthanda ngentambo; ukuthanda intombi;
amabele, njalonjalo

ƒ Izibonelo zomabizwafane emishweni:

umzala – umzala
ƒ Umzala (ingane kamalume): Umzala wami uSonkanise sakhula naye.
ƒ Umzala (umlotha): Ake nishanele kahle ukuze kusuke wonke umzala eziko.

amabele – amabele
ƒ Amabele (izitho zomzimba): Amabele ale ntombi ami mpo.
ƒ Amabele (isilimo esitshalwayo): Abafana bavuke ekuseni bayogada izinyoni ukuze zingadli amabele ensimini.

AMAPHARONIMI
ƒ Amagama anesiqu esifanayo kodwa anezincazelo ezingefani, isibonelo,

-ntu, umuntu, ubuntu, isintu, uluntu, -hlophe, isihlophe, umhlophe, -bhaca, ubhaca, iBhaca, njalonjalo

ƒ Izibonelo zamagama angamapharanimi noma amagama adidanayo:

igazi – ugazi
ƒ igazi: Le ngane kade yopha ngamakhala kungakho kunegazi ehembeni layo.
ƒ ugazi: Umuntu othandekayo kuthiwa unogazi.

umlaza – isilaza
ƒ umlaza: Izingane kumele ziphuze umlaza ukuze zihlale ziphile kahle.
ƒ isilaza: Emcimbini abantu abathandi ukuphuza isilaza.

Ikhasi 15
 IPHOLISEMI
ƒ Igama elisetshenziswa ukuveze izincazelo ezahlukene, isibonelo,

isikole.
ƒ Isikole esisha – isakhiwo esisha sesikole.
ƒ Isikole sikhulu – abafundi baningi kuleso sikole.
ƒ Isikole siphume emini namuhla – izifundo zigcine ukufundiswa emini.
ƒ Isikole sinemiphumela emihle kamatikuletsheni – abafundi bakamatikulatsheni …

ƒ Isibonelo samapholisemi emishweni:

ƒ Isikole esisha: Bakhe isikole esisha. (Lapha kuqondwe isakhiwo sesikole.)

ƒ Isikole esikhulu: Leso sikole sikhulu singathatha abafundi abaningi. (Lapha kuqondwe abafundi nothisha abaningi.)
ƒ Isikole esinamandla: Isikole esinamandla sehlule ezinye izikole emidlalweni nakwezemfundo. (Kuqondwe abafundi,
othisha nabaqeqeshi bedidiyelwe ndawonye.)
ƒ Isikole siphuma ngehora le-14:00 mihla yonke (Kuqondwe abafundi, othisha kanye nabanye abasebenzi.)
ƒ Izikole zivulwa ngomhla ziyi-10 kuMasingana. (Kubhekiswe kothisha, abafundi kanye nabanye abasebenzi.)
ƒ Isikole esihle njalo sithola imiphumela engama-100%. (Kubhekiswe ezingeni lemiphumela emihle.)

d) Amagama adidanayo
ƒ Kumele ubone ukwehlukaniswa kwamagama abantu abangawasebenzisi ngendlela efanele – Bheka la magama
esichazamazwini. Khetha igama elifanele elikubakaki:

ƒ Ngibonile ukuthi akazi kodwa (uyaqagula x uyaqagela).

ƒ Ngidle (umdokwe x idokwe) ekuseni.
ƒ Mfana, ake ugeze (amazipho x izinzipho) zakho kuqala.
ƒ Ugeza (ikhanda x inhloko) ngamanzi abandayo.
ƒ Ingane (inamathelisa x inamathisela) iphepha obondeni nge-glue, njalonjalo.

ƒ Izibonelo zamagama avamise ukudida:

usiko – isiko
ƒ usiko: Abantu emihlanganweni bahlala ngosiko lwabo.
ƒ isiko: Ubaba uthi isiko alivumi ingane idle isibindi senkomo.

amazipho – izinzipho
ƒ amazipho: Ikati libambe igundane ngamazipho alo amade.
ƒ izinzipho: Akukuhle ukuba nezinzipho ezinde ngoba zingaba namagciwane.

layela – layeza
ƒ layela: Ngizomyalela ukuthi kumele ahambe kanjani uma eya esitolo.
ƒ layeza: Ubaba ungilayeza ukuthi ngifike ngithini kugogo. (Kusho ukunikeza umuntu inkulumo
okumelwe idluliselwe phambili.)
ƒ layezela: Lo mfana uyathanda ukulayezela ukuba enzelwe umsebenzi wakhe.

Ikhasi 16
e) Incazelo eqondile kanye nencazelo egudliselayo
ƒ Incazelo yegama eqondile kushiwo incazelo engatholakala esichazamazwini, isibonelo,

isandla - isitho somuntu sokubamba esihamba neminwe. Incazelo egudliselayo ehambisana nesandla izwakala
kahle uma isemshweni noma lapho kusetshenziswa isisho, isibonelo, UMnumzane uGasa uyisandla sikathishanhloko;
Intombazane ibhala ngesandla esihle – kusho indlela yokubhala; ukuba nesandla - isandla kungasho ukuphana; ukufaka
isandla kusho ukwelekelela, njalonjalo.

f) Ulimi olufengqayo
ƒ Kukhona imishwana namagama asetshenziswayo ayizisho, izaga, izifengqo noma izimo zokukhuluma ezifana nalokhu:

ƒ wafa wafa
ƒ walala wasala
ƒ umagange
ƒ udla izambane likapondo
ƒ ukubamba iqhaza,
ƒ uwotha ubomvu, njalonjalo.

ƒ Izibonelo zolimi olufengqayo emishweni:

Yendele esokeni
ƒ Ukukhethwa kuka malume ukuba abe libambaThishanhloko kwamjabulisa kakhulu kwazise ukuthi
yayendele esokeni.

Ingalo ende yomthetho

ƒ Ingalo ende yomthetho izogcina isibambile isigebengu esenza ubugebengu eminyakeni eminingi eyedlule.

Walala wasala
ƒ Njengoba kuvuleke amathuba amaningi omsebenzi; faka isicelo manje, walala wasala.

g) Ukugcizelela
Qaphela ukuthi ukushintshwa kwegama eligcizelelwayo emshweni kushintsha umqondo wokubhekiswe kukho. Isibonelo.
ƒ Kule misho engezansi, igama elibhalwe ngokubanzi yilona eligcizelelwayo. Funda-ke umusho bese ugcizelela igama
elibhalwe ngokubanzi ubone ukuthi uyawuzwa umehluko nencazelo entsha kule misho:

h) Igama elilodwa esikhundleni samaningi

ƒ Igama elilodwa esikhundleni samaningi (achazayo), isibonelo:

ƒ Umuntu ohlwaya izindaba azithumele kumaphephandaba noma emsakazweni/kumabonakude – intatheli.

ƒ Umuntu wesifazane osiza abagulayo – umhlengikazi
ƒ Udokotela akwenzayo ukuhlola ukuthi isiguli siphethwe yini – ukuxilonga
ƒ Umuntu obhala amaminithi omhlangano – unobhala
ƒ Umuntu ohola umhlangano – usihlalo
ƒ Izinkomo zamalobolo – amabheka

ƒ I-Antonomasiya yilapho kuthi esikhundleni segama lomuntu anikezwe igama lomuntu othile:

ƒ Umngane wami unguGcugcwa uqobo.

ƒ Ngendlela ahlakaniphe ngayo unguDaniyeli.
ƒ Ake usiyeke wena MaMgobhozi.

Ikhasi 17
i) Izimo zomphakathi
IsiZulu asikhulunywa ngendlela efanayo yizikhulumi zolimi zonke. Imiphakathi ehlukene inezindlela zayo ezahlukene
zokuphimisa amagama, kukhona umehluko kulwazimagama nokusetshenziswa kwezimo zokukhuluma. Kwezinye izikhathi
kubakhona umehluko nasekusetshenzisweni kwezakhiwo zemisho kanye nezisho. Lowo mehluko ubizwa ngokuthi ulimi
lwesigodi. Lokhu yinto eyenzeka nakwezinye izilimi emhlabeni jikelele. Lokhu kuthathwa njengento eyenziwa yimiphakathi
ukuze abantu bazwane enkulumeni yabo eyehlukile nethi bona. Isibonelo salokhu indlela yokukhuluma kusetshenziswa ulimi
olunokuhlonipha kanye nendlela ekhululekile engenandaba nolimi olusemthethweni.
Ulimi olusemthethweni nolungekho emthethweni lubonakala ngendlela isitayela sisetshenziswa ngayo lapho kwedluliswa
umyalezo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwerejista ehambelana nolwazimagama. Odokotela lapho bekhuluma ngezinto ezithinta
ezempilo, ulimi lwabo alufani nolimi olusetshenziswa ngabameli abasebenzisa ulwazimagama olwaziwa yibo kanye nalabo
abanolwazi lwezemthetho. Lokhu kuyiqiniso nakwezinye izingxenye zokusetshenziswa kolimi. Ukugwema ukungazwisisani,
ulimi lwesigodi olugunyaziwe yilona kuphela okumele lusetshenziswe emibhalweni yesiZulu.
Esakhiweni somusho nokuhlelwa kombhalo kuzobhekwa lokhu:
ƒ Izifingqo nezifinyezo
ƒ Ukulandelana kwamagama,
ƒ Ukuxhumanisa/izibanjalo (kufaka izihlanganiso)
ƒ Izenzo
ƒ Isenzo esiveza umqondo wokwenza/ indlela eqondile yokubhalwa komusho kanye nesenzo esiveza umqondo wokwenziwa
ƒ Izimpawu zokuloba
ƒ Ubudlelwano phakathi kwamagama

j) Izifinyezo nama-akhronimi
ƒ Isifinyezo isimo esifinyeziwe segama noma amagama. I-akhronimi yigama elakhiwe ngokufinyeza amagama bese kuthi
lezo zifinyezo ziphinyiswa zibe igama elilodwa, isibonelo,

Ama-akhronimi: UNISA (University of South Africa); UNESCO

(United Nations Education, Science and Cultural Organisations);
Soshanguve (Sotho, Shangane, Nguni, Venda).

Lokhu okulandelayo kufingqa izinto ezibalulekile ezimayelana nalo mhlahlandlela:

ƒ Ngokwesiko lokubhala ungqi uyasetshenziswa lapho kubhalwa izifinyezo, isibonelo,

L., p., pp. njalonjalo.

ƒ Lapho sibhala izifingqo eziqondene neziqu zezemfundo namagama eziqu namadiploma ukubhalwa kukangqi
akuphoqelekile:

B.A. noma BA, B.Mus. (Ed.) noma BMus (Ed), H.E.D. noma HED, njalonjalo.

ƒ Izifingqo ezingofeleba kuphela, ukubhalwa kukangqi akuphoqelekile, Isibonelo,

P O (Post Office); CD – isidi; DVD; idividi; TV, HIV; AIDS; njalonjalo.

ƒ Uma sibhala iziqalo zamagama abantu singambhala ungqi noma singamyeka uma sithanda, isibonelo,

Mnu. S. Khoza noma Mnu S Khoza, Nkz. F. Biyela noma Nkz F Biyela, Slz. B. Moya noma Slz B Moya, Dkt. W. Duma noma
Dkt W Duma, njalonjalo.

Ikhasi 18
 NOTES
Ongqi ABASETSHENZISWA lapho kunesifinyezo esiyigama, Isibonelo, Unisa noma UNISA, Wits, njalonjalo.
ƒ Ungqi akasetshenziswa uma kubhalwa izimpawu zokulinganisa ezisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke jikelele, ngaphandle
kokuthi lolo phawu luvela ekugcineni komusho, Isibonelo,

1cm (isentimitha), 1m (imitha), 1km (ikilomitha), 1ml (imililitha), 1l (ilitha), 1g (igramu), 1kg (ikhilogramu), 1v (ivolithi),
1w (iwati), njalonjalo.

k) Ukulandelana kwamagama
Khumbula
Uma sifunda izingcezu zenkulumo, sibheka ukuhlelwa kwamagama
ngokwehlukana. Isibonelo, amabizo, izenzo, izabizwana, isiphawulo, isandiso, njalonjalo.
Cela uthisha wakho akuchazele umsebenzi walelo nalelo gama.
Ulwazi lwezingcezu zenkulumo lukwelekelela ukuthi uqonde imishwana
(inhloko, isilandiso, umshwana oncikile, njalonjalo) okuyizingxenye zomusho.
Qiniseka ukuthi uwazi kahle umehluko okhona phakathi kwezingcezu
zenkulumo kanye nemishwana.

ƒ Ngokuvamile umusho ojwayelekile oqondile ulandela lolu hlelo olimini lwesiZulu: inhloko + nesilandiso, isibonelo:

ƒ Mina ngiyadla - “Mina” yinhloko yomusho, eyisabizwana soqobo

“Ngiyadla” isilandiso
ƒ Abantu bayasebenza. - “Abantu” yibizo eliyinhloko yomusho
“Bayasebenza”, isilandiso esiyisenzo”.
ƒ Thina besidla. - “Thina” inhloko yomusho eyisabizwana soqobo esiveza ubuningi begama “abantu”.
“besidla”, isilandiso esinesakhi u”be” esiveza ukuthi into isandakwenzeka.
ƒ Ingane izofunda. - “Ingane”, ibizo eliyinhloko yomusho.
“izofunda” isilandiso, isenzo sinesakhi senkathi ezayo u-“zo”.

ƒ Umusho oqondile ungaqedelwa ngokufaka umenziwa: Inhloko + isilandiso + umenziwa (isibonelo):

ƒ Ingane idla ukudla.

ƒ Abantu badla amantongomane.
ƒ Thina sidla izithelo.
ƒ Ingane izodla izithelo.
ƒ Ingane izodla amantongomane.

Ikhasi 19
ƒ Ukuhleleka komusho oqondile kungenzeka ngezindlela ezehlukene, isibonelo:

ƒ Ngidla ukudla okunempilo. (“okunempilo” isibaluli esichaza ibizo (“ukudla”.)

ƒ Abantu abanamehlo akhombisa indlala badla izithelo ezintsha. “Abanamehlo akhombisa indlala” isibaluli esichaza
inhloko “abantu” kanti “ezintsha” isiphawulo esichaza umenziwa “izithelo”.
ƒ Sidle ngokushesha izithelo ezintsha. (“ezintsha isiphawulo esichaza ibizo “izithelo” kanti “ngokushesha” igama
elikhanyisa isenzo “sidle”.)
ƒ Izingane ezihluphekayo zesikole samabanga aphansi zizophuza lonke ubisi ngokuphazima kweso. Izingane (ibizo)
ezihluphekayo (isibaluli) zesikole (ongumnini) samabanga aphansi (ongumnini) zizophuza (isenzo) lonke (isabizwana
sokubala) ubisi (ibizo) ngokuphazima kweso (isandiso sesimo).
Izingane (ibizo eliyinhloko) - ezihluphekayo zesikole samabanga aphansi
(umshwana oyisichasiso ochaza izingane) - zizophuza (isilandiso) - lonke
ubisi - (umshwana oyibizo elimele umenziwa) - ngokuphazima kweso
(umshwana oyisikhanyiso esikhanyisa isilandiso zizophuza).

ƒ Qaphela okwenzeka emagameni ehlukene uma kushintsha ukulandelana kwawo emshweni.

ƒ Ngizothenga imoto entsha kusasa. (Indlela yokulandelana ejwayelekile)

ƒ Kusasa ngizothenga imoto entsha. (Lapha kugcizelelwa igama “kusasa”)
ƒ Imoto entsha izothengwa yimina kusasa. (Kugcizelelwa “imoto entsha”)
Ngizothenga imoto entsha kusasa, entsha sha. Kugcizelelwa (u-entsha sha)

Cela uthisha wenu

anichazele umsebenzi walolo
nalolo cezu lwenkulumo
kanye nomahluko ophakathi
kwezingcezu zenkulumo
nemishwana ekhonzile.

Amatheksthi nemibuzo esetshenziswe kulo mhlahlandlela

KUYIZIBONELO nje zalokhu okungalindelwa ekuhloleni kokugcina.

Ikhasi 20
l) Ukuxhumanisa/izibanjalo (kufaka izihlanganiso)
ƒ Okokuqala kufanele wazi ukuthi kuqondweni uma kukhulunywa ngomusho oqondile. Umusho oqondile unesilandiso
ESISODWA, isibonelo.:

ƒ Mina ngiyadla.
ƒ Mina sengidlile.
ƒ Mina bengidla.
ƒ Ngidle ukudla okuncane.
ƒ Kufanele ngifunde incwadi.
ƒ Kufanele ngabe ngibhale incwadi.

* Isilandiso kule misho: ngiyadla, sengidlile, bengidla, ngidle, kufanele ngifunde, kufanele ngabe ngibhale.

ƒ Umusho ombaxa wakheka uma kuhlanganiswa imisho emibili eqondile noma engaphezulu ibe umusho owodwa
onezilandiso ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.
ƒ Indlela yokuhlanganisa le misho ukusebenzisa ISIHLANGANISO, isibonelo:

ƒ USifiso uyadla. + UNokwazi uyaphuza.

ƒ USifiso uyadla kodwa uNokwazi uyaphuza.
ƒ USifiso uyadla ngoba uNokwazi uyaphuza.
ƒ Kuyo yomibili imisho amagama, “uyadla” nelithi “uyaphuza” enza umsebenzi wokulandisa. Ingxenye yesibili
ngemuva kwesihlanganiso, kuyo yomibili imisho embaxa engenhla yakheke ngendlela efanayo, inenhloko kanye
nesilandiso. Ingxenye esekuqaleni yomusho ombaxa (USifiso uyadla) ibizwa ngokuthi umusho omkhulu bese kuthi
ingxenye yesibili kuthiwe umusho olinganayo, yize ulingana akuwona umusho omkhulu.

ƒ Imisho ingahlanganiswa nangokusebenzisa umshwana oyisihlanganiso enjenga le: phezu kokuba, ngaleso sizathu,
ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalokho, noma kunjalo, emuva kwalokho, njalonjalo.

ƒ Uyaqhubeka nokuphuza utshwala phezu kokuba egula.

ƒ Utholakale enecala ngaleso sizathu ugwetshiwe.
ƒ Uphumelele ngamalengiso ngenxa yalokho uzothola umfundaze.
ƒ Wathola imali yelotho emuva kwalokho akaziwa ukuthi washonaphi.

ƒ Enye indlela yokwakha umusho ombaxa ukuguqula umusho wesibili ube umshwana oncikile, isibonelo:

ƒ Abantu bonke bacebile. (Umusho omkhulu) + Abantu bacula ekhwayeni.

= Abantu abacula ekhwayeni bonke bacebile.
ƒ “Abantu bonke bacebile” umusho omkhulu, “abacula ekhwayeni” umshwana oncikile.
Ngenxa yokuthi ibinza lamagama “abacula ekhwayeni” liqonde inhloko (“Abantu”),
liwumshwana oncikile ochazayo.

ƒ Imishwana encikile ekhanyisayo inikeza ulwazi kabanzi ngesilandiso, isibonelo:

Izingane ziyabhukuda. (Umusho omkhulu) + Ilanga liyashona. = Izingane

ziyabhukuda uma sekushona ilanga. Ingxenye yesibili “uma sekushona ilanga”
iqondiswe esenzweni “ziyabhukuda” ngakho-ke iwumshwana oncikile okhanyisayo.
Izibonelo zezibanjalo/ezihlanganisa imibono/imiqondo.

Ikhasi 21
ƒ Kunezinye izibanjalo ezihlanganisa imicabango, isibonelo:

ƒ Ngokuphambene: Ngokuphambene nemizwa yami ngomhlukumezi, kufanele ngibugxeke ubugebengu.

ƒ Eqinisweni: Ikati lihlakaniphile – Eqinisweni ikati lihlakaniphe kakhulu.
ƒ (Ngakolunye uhlangothi/Ngamanye amazwi): Ngakolunye uhlangothi/Ngamanye amazwi iziguli ziyalulama;
Ngakolunye uhlangothi/Ngamanye amazwi ezinye iziguli zisalokhu zigula kakhulu.
Okokuqala (njalonjalo):
- Okokuqala kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi umsebenzi wasekhaya uholela ekutholeni ulwazi; okwesibili, wakha
isisekelo sempumelelo ekuhlolweni.
ƒ Ngaphezu kwalokho: Ngaphandle kokulekelela abampofu, ngaphezu kwalokho amasonto ashumayela ukuthula.

Yini umehluko phakathi komusho

omkhulu nomshwana oncikile?
Umusho omkhulu unesilandiso
kodwa umshwana oncikile awunaso
isilandiso, kanti uma unaso sincika
esilandisweni somusho omkhulu.

m) Izenzo
Izenzo zibamba iqhaza elikhulu emishweni. Zingaveza into eyenzekayo (isibonelo, khahlela) isimo (isibonelo, uyagula/bayagula)
nokushintsha kwesimo (isibonelo, ungenwa ukugula).
ƒ Umsebenzi obalulekile wesenzo ukuveza inkathi:
Ngiyadla. X Udlile. X Uzokudla X Usazokudla, njalonjalo.

Inkathi yamanje Inkathi edlule Inkathi ezayo

Uyadla. Udlile/Wadla. Uzodla/Uyodla.
Bathunga izingubo. Bathunge/bathunga izingubo Bazothunga/bayothunga izingubo.

INDLELA ENCIKILE
ƒ Indlela encikile/eyamile isho okungahle kwenzeke

ƒ Umama uthi geza ibhodwe ukuze apheke.

ƒ Uyasebenza ukuze athole imali.
ƒ Bamfakele igazi ukuze aphile.
ƒ Funda umsebenzi wakho ukuze uphumelele kahle.

Ikhasi 22
 IZIBANJALO
NOTES
ƒ Isibanjalo esihlanganisayo, sihlanganisa inhloko nesilandiso okuvame ukuchaza ubunjalo baleyo nhloko noma umenzi.
Lezi zenzo zingakhombisa futhi inkathi. Izibonelo:

Isibanjalo sisebenzisa isakhi u’ngu-noma u’yi-‘ njengesiphongozo emabizweni. Sibuye sisebenzise u-ba, noma
kusetshenziswe isihlanganiso u’na-‘ kwamanye amabizo.

Inkathi yamanje Inkathi edlule Inkathi ezayo

UFana uba yinkosi. UFana ube yinkosi/waba yinkosi. UFana uzokuba yinkosi/uyokuba yinkosi.
UFana unenja. UFana ubenenja/UFana wabe enenja. UFana uzokuba nenja/uyokuba nenja.
Itiye limnandi. Itiye belimnandi/lalimnandi. Itiye lizoba mnandi’/liyoba mnandi.
Ubaba nguthisha. Ubaba ubenguthisha/wayenguthisha. Ubaba uzoba nguthisha/uyoba nguthisha.

ƒ Izibonelo zamagama axhumanisayo/izibanjalo emishweni:

kubonakala
ƒ Lo msebenzi ubonakala sengathi unzima kakhulu.

zwa
ƒ Ngizizwa ngikhathele ngemuva kokuzivocavoca.

bonakala
ƒ Ubonakala uthokozile esithombeni.

nambitheka
ƒ Loku kudla kunambitheka kamnandi.

nuka
ƒ Izimbali ozithengile zinuka kamnandi.

Amatheksthi nemibuzo esetshenziswe kulo mhlahlandlela

KUYIZIBONELO nje zalokhu okungalindelwa ekuhloleni kokugcina.

Ikhasi 23
 UMQONDO WOKWENZANOTES
NOMQONDO WOKWENZIWA
Umqondo wokwenza kanye nowokwenziwa uwubudlelwane phakathi kwesenzeko (noma isimo) salokho isenzo esikushoyo
sihambisana nenhloko noma umenziwa. Qaphela lokhu:
ƒ Umqondo wokwenza: Umusho unenhloko esebenza nesenzo.
ƒ Umqondo wokwenziwa: Inhloko yomusho iwumamukeli wokwenzeka kwesenzo.
ƒ Imisho emibili elandelayo idlulisa umqondo ofanayo isebenzisa izindlela ezehlukene:

ƒ Umqondo wokwenza: Izingane zesikole zipenda izindonga zamakilasi.

Umusho woku-1 ulandela indlela yokubhala umusho lapho kuba khona inhloko + isilandiso + umenziwa. “Izingane
zesikole” yinhloko yomusho, “zipenda” yisilandiso, “izindonga zamakilasi” umenziwa.
ƒ Umqondo wokwenziwa: Izindonga zamakilasi zipendwa yizingane zesikole.
Umusho wesi-2 “Izindonga zamakilasi” zisebenze njengenhloko yomusho kanti “yizingane zesikole” yingxenye
esekugcineni komusho. (Isivumelwano senhloko u-zi- oyingxenye yesenzo uvumelana nebizo izindonga

ƒ Imisho elandelayo inikeza inkathi ehlukene yomusho woku-1 nowesi- 2

Umqondo Wokwenza Umqondo Wokwenziwa

Inkathi yamanje Izingane zesikole zipenda Izindonga zamakilasi zipendwa
izindonga zamakilasi. yizingane zesikole.
Inkathi edlule Izingane zesikole zipende Izindonga zamakilasi zipendwe
izindonga zamakilasi. yizingane zesikole.
Inkathi ezayo Izingane zesikole zizopenda Izindonga zamakilasi zizopendwa
izindonga zamakilasi. yizingane zesikole.

ƒ Kwesinye isikhathi ingxenye engumenziwa iyeqiwa uma siguqula umenziwa abe yinhloko yomusho ngezizathu ezithile, isibonelo:

ƒ Umngani wami untshontsha izithelo. Izithelo zintshontshwe umngani wami. Izithelo zintshontshiwe.
ƒ Osopolitiki benze izethembiso ezingamanga. Izethembiso ezingamanga zenziwa ngosopoliltiki. Kwenziwa
izethembiso ezingamanga.
ƒ Mina ngizokujezisa kakhulu. Uzojeziswa kakhulu yimina. Uzojeziswa kakhulu. (Ukukhishwa kukamenzi emshweni
obhalwe ngokugqamille kwenza kungabi lula ukwazi ukuthi ubani ozojezisa omunye.

ƒ Ukwelulwa kwemisho kuyenzeka uma sisebenzisa umqondo wokwenza kanye nomqondo wokwenziwa.

ƒ Ibhubesi elikhulu kakhulu lihlasela kabuhlungu izilwane ezingavikelekile kahle.

ƒ Izilwane ezingavikelekile kahle zihlaselwa kabuhlungu yibhubesi.

Ikhasi 24
n) Inkulumo-ngqo nenkulumo-mbiko
ƒ Inkulumo-ngqo icaphuna inkulumo njengoba injalo, kuyavezwa ukuthi ngekabani inkulumo.
ƒ Inkulumo-mbiko inkulumo edluliswa ngumuntu engasuki kuye.
ƒ Bheka izibonelo ezinikiwe ngezansi:

Inkulumo-ngqo Inkulumo-mbiko
Ijaji lithi: “Abantu bayawazi umthetho.”
ª Ungqi ufakwa ekugcineni NGAPHAMBI kokuvala abacaphuni
NOMA Ijaji lithi abantu bayawazi umthetho.
“Abantu bayawazi umthetho,” kusho ijaji.
ª Abacaphuni abavala inkulumo babhalwa ngemuva kwekhefana
Izolo ijaji lithe: “Abantu bayawazi umthetho.” Izolo ijaji lithe abantu bayawazi umthetho.
NOMA ª Igama “izolo” aliguquki ngoba aliyona ingxenye
“Abantu bayawazi umthetho.” kusho ijaji izolo. yenkulumo ngqo/akuwona amazwi akhulunywe ngqo.
Usopolitiki ubeka athi: “Abantu izolo bavote ngobuningi.”
NOMA Usopolitiki uthi abantu bavote ngobuningi izolo.
“Izolo abantu bavote ngobuningi,” kubeka usopolitiki.
Usopolitiki ubeke wathi: “Izolo abantu bavote ngobuningi.”
NOMA Usopolitiki ubeke wathi abantu bavote ngobuningi izolo.
“Abantu izolo bavote ngobuningi,” kubeka usopolitiki.
Usopolitiki izolo ubeke wathi: “Abantu ngonyaka odlule
bavota ngobuningi.”
Usopolitiki izolo ubeke wathi abantu bavota ngobuningi
NOMA
ngonyaka odlule.
“Abantu ngonyaka odlule bavota ngobuningi.”,
kubeke usopolitiki izolo.
Udokotela uyabuza: “Ingabe isiguli sizwa ubuhlungu
obukhulu?”
ª Umbuzi ufakwa ekugcineni NGAPHAMBI kwabacaphuni Udokotela uyabuza ukuthi isiguli sizwa ubuhlungu
NOMA obokhulu yini.
Ingabe isiguli sizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu?” ª Akekho umbuzi ekugcineni kodwa kunongqi
udokotela uyabuza.
ª Umbuzi ufakwa NGAPHAMBI KWABACAPHUNI
Udokotela wabuza ngonyaka odlule: “Sizwa ubuhlungu
obungakanani isiguli?”
NOMA Ngonyaka odlule udokotela wabuza ukuthi isiguli sabe
sizwa ubuhlungu obungakanani.
“Sizwa ubuhlungu obungakanani isiguli?” kwabuza
udokotela ngonyaka odlule.

Umbono wombhali: “Inoveli yami esandakuphuma ithole

‘isibuyekezo esihle kakhulu’ ngonyaka odlule.”
ª Qaphela ukuthi kusetshenziswe abacaphuni ngaphakathi Umbhali unombono wokuthi inoveli yakhe
kwabacaphuni. esandakuphuma ithole “isibuyekezo esihle kakhulu”
NOMA ngonyaka odlule.
“Inoveli yami esandakuphuma ithole ‘isibuyekezo esihle
kakhulu’ ngonyaka odlule.” umbono wombhali.

Ikhasi 25
 Inkulumo-ngqo NOTES Inkulumo-mbiko
Umbhali umemezela uthi:
“Ngizoshicilela incwadi entsha ngesonto elizayo.”
NOMA Umbhali umemezela ukuthi uzoshicilela
incwadi entsha ngesonto elizayo.
“Ngizoshicilela incwadi entsha ngesonto elizayo,”
kumemezela umbhali.

Umbhali wamemezela wathi:

“Ngizoshicilela incwadi entsha ngesonto elizayo.”
Umbhali wamemezela ukuthi wabe ezoshicilela
NOMA
incwadi entsha ngesonto elilandelayo.
“Ngizoshicilele incwadi entsha ngesonto elizayo,”
kwamemezela umbhali.
“Leli cala,” kumemeza umama,
“lingaxazululwa ngendlela engcono!” Umama uyamemeza uthi leli cala
lingaxazululwa ngendlela engcono.
ª Qaphela izimpawu zokuloba.
Umqeqeshi kusasa uzomemezela: Umqeqeshi uzomemezela kusasa ukuthi abekho
“Abekho abadlali bethu abasebenzisa izidakamizwa.” abadlali babo abasebenzisa izidakamizwa.
Ubaba othukuthele uthi:
“Zingane ninecala lalokhu kuganga.”
Ubaba othukuthele uthi izingane
NOMA
zinecala lalokhu kuganga.
“Zingane ninecala lalokhu kuganga,
” kusho ubaba othukuthele.
Ugogo wathi: Ugogo wathi kufanele bahloniphe abazali babo.
“Kufanele nihloniphe abazali benu.” ª Uma ugogo ekhuluma nomuntu wesithathu.
NOMA NOMA
“Kufanele nihloniphe abazali benu.” Ugogo wathi kufanele sihloniphe abazali bethu.
Kwasho ugogo. ª Uma ugogo ekhuluma nomuntu wokuqala
Intokazi ifuna ukwazi kumfokazi:
“Usithathephi isambulela sami?” Intokazi ifuna ukwazi kumfokazi ukuthi
usithathephi isambulela sayo.
NOMA
ª Intokazi ibuza umfokazi ukuthi usithathephi
“Usithathephi isambulela sami?” isambulela sayo.
kubuza intokazi kumfokazi.

Ikhasi 26
o) Izimpawu zokuloba NOTES
Inhloso yokusebenzisa izimpawu zokuloba, ukwenza ukuthi kubelula ukuqonda umsebenzi obhaliwe/okubhaliwe.

,!
ƒ Umsebenzi wezimpawu zokuloba (ungqi, ikhefana, ikhonco, ikholoni, ukweqa, i-asterikhi,
umbabazi, unobuza/umbuzi, njalonjalo) ziningi kakhulu angeke lo mhlahlandlela ugxile kuzo.
ƒ Uthisha uzozinika isikhathi sokukhuluma ngazo ekilasini.
ƒ KODWA-KE KHUMBULA: uphawu nophawu lokuloba lubalulekile
ekwenzeni kube lula ukufunda umbhalo.

Yenza isiqiniseko sokuthi uyaziqonda izimpawu

zokuloba: okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi
uyazijwayeza UKUZISEBENZISA zonke izinsuku,
“
kuze kube segazini kuwe. Udinga ulwazi
olufanele nekhono ukusebenzisa izimpawu
zokuloba kuyo YONKE imibhalo yakho.

Okunye okumayelana nezimpawu zokuloba okudinga ukubhekisiswa lapha, ukusebenza kwabakaki, ikhonco kanye nekhefana
ukukhombisa ipharenthesisi.
ƒ Ipharenthesisi yindlela yokwengezelela igama noma umshwana emshweni, obungaba umusho ophelele ngaphandle
kwalelo gama noma umshwana.
ƒ Bheka imisho elandelayo:
ƒ Idolobha - igama lalo esengilikhohliwe - lisogwini lolwandle olusempumalanga.
ƒ Idolobha (igama lalo esengilikhohliwe) lisogwini lolwandle olusempumalanga.
ƒ Idolobha, igama lalo esengilikhohliwe, lisogwini lolwandle olusempumalanga.
ƒ Umusho “Idolobha lisogwini lolwandle olusempumalanga” umusho ophelele, ozimele. Ibinzana lamagama “igama
lalo esengilikhohliwe”, ingxenye egaxiwe ethasisela ulwazi, ibizwa ngokuthi ipharenthesisi.

ƒ Phinda ubheke izibonelo ezilandelayo:

ƒ Labo bantu – AmaMelikana - baba abokuqala ukunyathela enyangeni.
ƒ Labo bantu (AmaMelikana) baba abokuqala ukunyathela enyangeni.
ƒ Labo bantu, AmaMelikana, baba abokuqala ukunyathela enyangeni.
ƒ Amapharenthesisi awafakwa ekugcineni komusho.

Ikhasi 27
 NOTES
p) Ubudlelwano phakathi kwamagama, imisho nezigaba
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwamagama, imisho nezigaba kwenza ukuba umyalezo udluliseke kahle ngendlela efanele. Qikelela lokhu:
ƒ Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba amagama anembayo asetshenziswe ukudlulisa umyalezo othile.
ƒ Ngokufanayo lokhu kuyiqiniso ekwakheni kahle imisho. Uma utshela abangani bakho ihlaya, usebenzisa amagama ehlukile
kunamagama ongawasebenzisa uma wethula umlando kamufi. Yingakho okuphathelene nemisho okungenhla kubalulekile.
ƒ Imisho izwakala kahle uma ukuxhumana kwayo kuveza ukuhleleka kwemicabango eyethulwayo. Ukusetshenziswa
kwemisho ehlukene, imisho eqondile noma embaxa kuyindlela yokukhombisa umehluko ongalethwa yindlela amagama
asetshenziswe ngayo olimini.
ƒ Okufanayo kungashiwo ngokuhlelwa kwezigaba. Kuyenzeka isigaba sibe igama elilodwa noma umusho owodwa, kodwa
ngokujwayelekile isigaba siqukatha umqondo owodwa osemqoka neminye ewusekelayo. Ngokukhethekile isigaba
kumele sibe nomqondo owodwa. Isigaba nesigaba kumele sibe nomqondo owodwa osemqoka kanye namaphuzu asekelayo.
ƒ Izigaba kufanele zixhumane zithelelane kube nokugeleza komqondo (ngaphandle uma kunomcabango/kunomqondo othize
owenza kube nokuthikamezeka).
ƒ Kunezinhlobo ezehlukene zezigaba. Kunezigaba ezichazayo noma ezihleleke ngendlela edlulisa ulwazi; ezinye ziyalandisa,
kubekhona ezigxila ekuchazeni ezinye ziveze ukuninga kanti ezinye ziyindlela yokuhluza nokuveza okuthile ngokucacile.
Uma ufunda isigaba kufanele uthole ukuthi hlobo luni lolwazi oludluliswayo.
ƒ Inhloso yokusebenzisa amagama, imisho nezigaba ukudlulisa umyalezo ngempumelelo.

3.3.1.2 Amasu okunxenxa

Amasu okunxenxa anolimi oluvusa imizwa, ukunxenxa/ukuncenga, ukuchema, nolimi olukhohlisayo.

Qiniseka ukuthi uyazi ukuthi yini ukunxenxa, ukukhohlisa, nokuheha

kanye nolini oluvusa imizwa. kwesinye isikhathi izindlela zokunxenxa
zicishe zifane okwenza kungabi lula ukuzehlukanisa – yingakho
kubalulekile ukuthi ulwazi kahle uhlobo ngalunye.

Ikhasi 28
Ingxoxo engezansi izokwelekelela ukuba uqonde umehluko ekusetshenzisweni kwamasu okunxenxa.
Bheka lesi sikhangisi esilandelayo:

LENA NGEYAKHO! Ukhokha Kusuka Kuma-R150*

Ngenyanga!!!

Thola
umshuwalensi
wemoto yomuntu
wakho omthandayo
NGESEPHULELO
(uma ufaka isicelo
ingakapheli
Hlela KHONA NAMUHLA inyanga).
neBhangengodla ukuba imali
ibanjwe ebhange.
Awukho Omunye Umshuwalensi Wezimoto
Ongakunika Amahle Kanje AMANANI.

Shayela le nombolo 0739919676 MANJE

ukuze uthole ukwenzelwa isilinganiso
sezindleko mahhala.
IMOTO YAKHO
EPHAMBILI
*Izimoto ezibiza ngaphansi kwama-R50,000 UMSHUWALENSI.

1. Isikhangisi sikunxenxa kanjani ukuba ufake isicelo somshuwarensi wemoto kwa-STAR?

Impendulo: Amagama asekuqaleni (Lena ngeyakho!) abhalwe ngosonhlamvukazi, nombabazi kanye nesithombe
semoto ehalelekayo nebizayo. Imali ephansi ekhokhwa ngenyanga ifakiwe.

Qiniseka ukuthi uyakuqonda ukuthi kuyini ukunxenxa – into

umuntu akuncenga ukuba uyenze.

2. Yiluphi ulimi oluvusa imizwa olusetshenzisiwe ukuheha umfundi wesikhangisi?

Impendulo: “… yomuntu (wakho) omthandayo …”

Qiniseka ukuthi uyalwazi ulimi oluveza imizwa.

Ikhasi 29
3. Ofunda isikhangisi UKHOHLISEKA kanjani ukuze athathe umshuwalensi ngokushesha?
Impendulo: Ukhohliseka ngokuthi uthenjiswa isephulelo uma efaka isicelo singakapheli isikhathi esithile.

Qiniseka ukuthi uyakuqonda ukukhohlisa – ukwenza abantu

ngendlela emangalisayo/engajwayelekile/engakholakali/
ekhohlisayo benze into abangeke bayenze ngokujwayelekile.

4. Caphuma ibinzana lamagama eliveza ukuchema okuthile.

Impendulo: “… iBhangengodla …” (Ibhange elilodwa elikhethiwe/ eliphakanyisiwe)

Qiniseka ukuthi uyazi ukuthi yini ukuchema – kusho ukukhetha

amacala/uhlangothi.

5. Yini ekhombisa ukuchema?

Impendulo: Amagama “awukho omunye umshuwalensi wezimoto …”

Qiniseka ukuthi uyazi ukuthi yini ukuchema.

6. Isikhangisi sisebenzisa masu maphi ahlukene ukuheha osifundayo ukuba afake isicelo somshwalensi wemoto i-STAR?
Impendulo: Ukusetshenziswa ngokuphindaphinda kwegama “wakho” (kokunye kugcizelelwe); amagama afana
nalawa “khona namuhla” (abhalwe ngosonhlamvukazi); ukusetshenziswa kwegama “manje” (abhalwe
ngosonhlamvukazi) kanye “nesilinganiso sezindleko”; indawo egqamile okubhalwe kuyo igama “amanani”
ngosonhlamvukazi, ukusetshenziswa kwemibala eyehlukene; umbabazi.
Qaphela: Isikhangisi kungenzeka sikhohlise: Inani lama–R150 ngenyanga elezimoto ezinamanani aphansi (ngaphansi
kwama-R50 000), ekubeni isithombe semoto ethandekayo futhi ebizayo sivezwe eduze kwama-R150.
Abafunda isikhangisi kufanele baqaphele uphawu oluyinkanyezi/i-asterikhi eduze kwemali kuma-R150
bafunde nasekugcineni kwesikhangisi imikhawulo ehambisana ne-asterikhi.

7. Kungabe izinga lokukholeka kwesikhangisi lingathuthukiswa kanjani?

Impendulo: Cabanga ukufakwa noma ukugudluzwa kwamagama emshweni, noma ukubeka/ukuhlela ngenye indlela
okubhaliwe ukuze ubonise umuntu ongakholwa yinhloso enhle yesikhangisi.
Qaphela: Lona umbuzo ovulekile. Funda isikhangisi ngokucophelela usebenzise ulwazi lwakho lolimi nokufunda
ukukhetha ukuthi yini engenza ngcono ukukholeka kwesikhangisi. Hlaziya ngokucophelela impendulo
yakho ubheke ukuthi izokwenza izinga lokukholeka kwesikhangisi libe ngcono yini. Usungaphendula
umbuzo ngokucacile futhi nangokuqondile.

Amatheksthi nemibuzo esetshenziswe kulo mhlahlandlela

KUYIZIBONELO nje zalokhu okungalindelwa ekuhloleni kokugcina.

Ikhasi 30
Nasi esinye isibonelo esikunikeza ithuba
lokuzivivinya. Bheka isikhangisi esilandelayo:

IPHOLISI EYODWA
EKHETHEKILE
INZUZO EPHINDWE KATHATHU

YINHLE!
Ipholisi Yomshwalense Womngcwabo i-AVBOB’s Xhumana no-AVBOB namuhla. Umshwalensi wethu
Cashback ikhula njalo ngobungakho ukuvikela wemingcwabo nomshwalensi wochwepheshe
ngokukhethekile kwezemingcwabo nokuningi ulinde ukukhuluma nawe …
ngaphezu kwalokho! Uma ufuna omunye wabamele u-AVBOB akuthinte
1. Njalo ngonyaka wesihlanu, ubuyiselwa yonke mayelana nepholisi, thumela umqhafazo ku-
imali yakho yonyaka wesihlanu oyikhokhile “AVBOB” kule nombolo 30776. Umqhafazo
uma ungafakanga isicelo. UMAHHALA HA. Noma, sishayele ucingo ku-
2. Abancike kumondli wabo bayavikeleka 0861 28 26 21 noma shayela ku-*120*28262#
uma eseshonile – ngaphandle kokukhokha ucele i- “Call Me Back”. (ucingo lubiza imali
iphrimiyamu. engama-20c ngemizuzwana engama-20).
3. Imali okhokhelwa yona iphindwa kabili uma
ukufa kubangelwe yingozi noma ‘We’re here for you®’
ukufa kwemvelo.

www.AVBOB.co.za

*Kunemigomo nemibandela. U-AVBOB ugunyaziwe ukuhlinzeka ngezimali.

U-AVBOB usezingeni lesi-1 le-B-BBEE contributor. FSP 20656.
1. Lesi sikhangisi sidle ngolimi oluyizithombe ukwenza ofundayo akholwe izimpawu ezinhle zomkhiqizo. Chaza (3)
Impendulo: Ipholisi EYODWA ekhethekile: Awudingi amanye amapholisi omngcwabo; le pholisi inakho konke.
Imbuyiselo ephindwe kathathu: Ukhokhela inzuzo eyodwa, kodwa uthola isiphindwe kathathu.
Kuphawulwe ngezinzuzo ezintathu ngokulandelana kwazo kwaphawulwa nangezinombolo.
Hlanu: Njalo ngonyaka wesihlanu, ubuyiselwa yonke imali yakho yonyaka wesihlanu oyikhokhile
(uma ungafakanga isicelo).

2. Nikeza igama elisetshenziswe ngobuchule elinamandla okwenza ukholwe yilokhu abakushoyo. (1)
Impendulo: “YINHLE!”

3. Bhala phansi umusho kulesi sikhangisi obhalwe ngendlela engaqondile emizweni yofunda isikhangisi. Sekela impendulo yakho. (2)
Impendulo: ‘We’re here for you’
Umfundi uzizwela ubumnandi uma azi ukuthi u-AVBOB uyamkhathalela. Lo musho umnika isiqiniseko/
umfundi uzizwela engalahlekile uma ukufa kuza.

4. Ukusetshenziswa kwesandla kuxhumana kanjani nemicabango emibili yalesi sikhangisi? (2)

Imendulo: Ukusetshenziswa kwesandla kuqinsisekisa umyalezo wezinzuzo ezintathu ngentengo yenzuzo eyodwa.
Isiyingi esenziwa isithupha nomunwe wokukhomba siwuphawu lokuhle/okuphelele/okungavamile kupholisi
ekhethekile.

5. Ngabe kubalulekile ukuthi umfundi wesikhangisi azi ukuthi u-AVBOB ungumhlinzeki ogunyaziwe wezimali? (2)
Sekela impendulo yakho.
Imendulo: Lo ngumbuzo ovulekile, kumele ubheke izinhlangothi ezahlukene lapho unikeza impendulo yakho bese
uyisekela ngamaphuzu azwakalayo.

KHUMBULA: Izimpawu zemibuzo evulekile ziyavela kuzo zonke iziqephu.

Ziningi izimpawu ezikhombisa ukunxenxa kulesi sikhangisi. Ake usihlaziye

ngokwakho isikhangisi ukuze uthole lezo zimpawu zamasu okunxenxa.

3.3.2 Umbuzo 4
Umbuzo 4 unekhathuni eyodwa noma amabili (ifremu eyodwa noma angaphezulu) okusekelwe kuwona imibuzo. Udinga
amakhono emibhalo ebukwayo ukuphendula le mibuzo. Umbuzo 4 unamamaki ayi-10. (Lo mhlahlandlela unikeza imibuzo
eminingi ozoyibona ephepheni lokuhlola.) Imibuzo ihlukaniswe (njengakuMbuzo 3) kanje:
Amamaki ama-2 emibuzo yokuthuthuka kolwazimagama Amamaki ayi-8 emibuzo enamasu okunxenxa – ulimi oluveza
kanye nokusetshenziswa kolimi, noma ukwakheka kwemisho imizwa, ulimi oluveza ukuchema, ulimi olukhohlisayo nezinye
nokuhleleka kwetheksthi. izindlela zokunxenxa ezijwayelekile.
Imibuzo ingahlelwa ilandelane noma ngayiphi indlela.
Yomibili le mikhakha ingaphansi kombuzo 3, kodwa okudinga ukucaciswa lapha ukuhlolisisa kokusetshenziswa kolimi.
Ngokwezimo ezejwayelekile amagama nemisho kunomqondo osobala, kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ngqo. Kuyaqhubeka
kuhlongoze, kusho umehluko noma kubeka incazelo ngendlela egigiyelayo, enezifengqo/nezisho noma kunikeze incazelo
ngenye indlela neqhubeka ibeke ngokujulile kunencazelo esobala.
Kwesinye isikhathi amagama asetshenziswa noma eqiwa ukuze kufezeke okuthile. Abafundi noma abalaleli kudingeka
baqaphele ulimi umyalezo obhalwe ngalo baphinde bafunde/babuke ngokuhlolisisa ukusetshenziswa kolimi. Ikhathuni
elandelayo nemibuzo ebuziwe kunikeza umqondo wokuqaphela ngokuhlolisisa lokho okudingekayo, ukuqonda ngendlela
imibhalo ethile nemiyalela equkethwe kuyona. Bheka ikhathuni engezansi:

Ikhasi 32
 Ungaphatheka kabi uma ngithola umbono womunye udokotela?

Ngiyaxolisa ukukulindisa isikhathi eside. Angeke Yebo. Sekwanele

Ngibambezeleke endleleni eza lapha ukholwe ngami. Ngifuna

A
ezindlini zokuhlola iziguli. ukuthi indawo ukukhuluma ngawe.

UHAG yokudlala igalofu

iphithizela
kanjani!

Ohluphayo

Phila ngendlela Ungaphatheka kabi

enempilo –
ungadli ukudla uma ngithola umbono
okukhuluphalisayo womunye udokotela?
nezicofucofu
ezinoshukela, futhi
ungabe usaphuza! Cha
angeke neze
..nhlobo.

Phila ngendlela enempilo- ungadli

ukudla okukhuluphalisayo, Lokhu
nezicofucofu ezinoshukela kungaqhubeka
ungabe usaphuza!
lonke usuku!

1. Yini engenza kuthiwe okushiwo udokotela enkulumeni yakhe yokuqala kuyadida:

“ …ngibambezeleke endleleni ngiza lapha”?
Impendulo: Igama “ngibambezeleke” likhombisa ukuthi udokotela, ngesikhathi esendleleni eza lapha esebenzela
khona, kungalindelekile/engaqondile uzithole kumele enze okunye (okumenze wagcina eselindise uHaga
isikhathi eside). Enkulumeni yesibili kucace kahle ukuthi uhambe wayodlala igalofu, ngenxa yokuthi
bebebaningi abadlalayo enkundleni akakwazanga ukuqeda masisha, yingakho-ke efike emuva kwesikhathi.
2. Kungani kungabazeka ukuthi udokotela uqinisile uma ethi, “ngiyaxolisa”?
Impendulo: Udokotela ulindise uHaga ngabomu, ubezijabulisa ubeke phambili ukudlala igalofu, okukhombisa
ukuzicabangela yena kunokuzisola ngokweqiniso.
FUTHI
Igama “ngiyaxolisa” ngokujwayelekile liyasebenza ukuveza ukuzithoba/ukuhlonipha kube kungasho ukuthi
umuntu uyaxolisa ngempela.
3. Yisiphi isimo esiveza inkolelo engaguquki etholakala enkulumeni yokuqala kadokotela?
Impendulo: Iziguli zilinda isikhathi eside lapho odokotela besebenzela khona.
4. Yini eyenza sisole ukuthi udokotela uqonde iziphuzo ezidakayo?
Impendulo: Ezinye iziphuzo kuvame ukuba zibizwe ngamagama, isibonelo, ikhofi, itiye, isiphuzo esibandayo, ubisi,
amanzi, njalonjalo. Uma ethi, “iziphuzo” uqonde izinhlobo ezehlukene zotshwala.
5. Yikuphi okukhombisa ukuthi udokotela uhlongoza ukuthi ukudla okukhuluphalisayo, izicofucofu ezinoshukela notshwala
akunayo impilo?
Impendulo: Odokotela bayalele uHaga ukuthi akakhiphe ukudla okukhuluphalisayo, izicofucofu ezinoshukela notshwala
ekudleni kwakhe. (Odokotela banikeze umbono othi ukudla okukhuluphalisayo, izicofucofu ezinoshukela
notshwala akunampilo.)

Ikhasi 33
6. Yikuphi okuyisibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi uHaga uthanda ukudla ukudla okukhuluphalisayo, izicofucofu ezinoshukela notshwala?
Impendulo: Akayamukeli imiyalelo kadokotela wokuqala ukuthi ayeke ukudla okukhuluphalisayo, izicofucofu
ezinoshukela notshwala; ufuna ukuzwa ukuthi omunye udokotela uzobona kanjani (ngethemba lokuthi
omunye udokotela angeke athi akahlukane nokudla akudlayo nophuzo lwakhe).

7. Bangaki odokotela abavezwe kule khathuni? Yisho ukuthi bavela kanjani.

Impendulo: Bathathu odokotela abavelayo.
FUTHI
Udokotela wokuqala ubonakala esithombeni futhi ezikhulumela; udokotela wesibili kunebhodi elinegama
lakhe, uphinde abonakale ekhuluma; udokotela wesithathu kuvezwe ibhodi elinegama lakhe kuphela yena
akabonakali.

8. Ofundayo ubona ngani ukuthi uHaga akayamukeli imiyalelo kadokotela Olsen?

Impendulo: Usendleleni uya kudokotela wesithathu (anethemba lokuthi angamnika izeluleko ezingcono kunodokotela
ababili asebabonile).

9.1 Yini ekhombisa ukuthi uHaga angeke asemukele iseluleko sikadokotela Svensen uma sihambelana nemiyalelo yodokotela
ababili asebabonile?
9.2 Yimaphi amagama amabili alandelanayo aqondiswe kuHaga aveza ukuzimisela kwakhe ukuthola impendulo efunwa nguye.
Impendulo: 9.1 Umuntu ahamba naye usola ukuthi bazohamba lonke usuku beya kodokotela abehlukene uHaga aze
athole impendulo ayifunayo.
9.2 “usuku lonke”

10. Yiliphi igama elikhombisa ukuthi udokotela Svensen anganikeza impendulo efanayo neyodokotela ababili asebabonile?
Impendulo: “kungaqhubeka” (isakhi u–nga-)

11. Yini umahluko phakathi kombabazi ongemuva kokukhulunywe udokotela nalowo osefreyimini yokugcina (okukhulunywe
ophelezela uHaga).
Impendulo: Umbabazi emuva kwamazwi kadokotela uveza amandla – ngaso sonke isikhathi umyalelo kufanele ulalelwe.
Umbabazi efreyimini yokugcina umele umuzwa wokudumala/wokukhathazeka/wokuthikamezeka.

12. Ucabanga ukuthi amagama ashiwo nguHaga ayahambisana yini negama lakhe uHaga Ohluphayo?
Impendulo: “Ucabanga” njengengxenye yombuzo kufanele akwenze uqaphele: lona umbuzo ovulekile. Hlaziya amazwi
kaHaga, uthole ukuthi ngabe aveza ukuzithoba yini. Wahlolisise uwaqhathanise negama lakhe bese
uqhamuka nowakho umbono ozimele oveza ukuthi ahambisana kanjani noma awahambisani.
Qaphela: Hlolisisa impendulo yakho ngokuhlaziya ubuye ubone ukuthi uyawuqonda umbuzo ngendlela okuyiyona
nokuthi uyibhekisisile imininingwane ngokucophelela, lokhu kwenza ukuthi ubhale impendulo yakho
ngokuzethemba.

3.3.3 Umbuzo 5
ULimi LwaseKhaya ULimi LokuQala LokwEngeza
Umbuzo owodwa kuphela (Umbuzo 5) Imibuzo emibili (Umbuzo 5.1 no-5.2)
Amamaki ayi-10 Amamaki angama-20
Amagama ayi-120-150 Umbuzo 5.1: Amagama angama-80 - 100
– Umbuzo 5.2: Umbhalo obukwayo (isithombe)

Umbuzo 5 (Umbuzo 5.1) kunetheksthi ebhaliwe okususelwa kuyo imibuzo yolimi. Imibuzo iqondene nokuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama,
nokusetshenziswa kolimi, izakhiwo zemisho nokuhleleka kwetheksthi (kuhlanganisa ukuqaphela ngokuhlolisisa ulimi).

Ikhasi 34
 ULimi LwaseKhaya ULimi LokuQala LokwEngeza
Amamaki ayi-5 okuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama, Amamaki ayi-5 ezakhiwo zemisho nokuhleleka kwetheksthi
nokusetshenziswa kolimi. (kuhlanganisa ukuqaphela ngokuhlolisisa ulimi).
Amamaki ayi-10 okuthuthukiswa kolwazimagama, Amamaki ayi-10 ezakhiwo zemisho nokuhleleka
nokusetshenziswa kolimi. kwetheksthi (kuhlanganisa ukuqaphela ngokuhlolisisa ulimi).

Konke lokhu sekukhulunyiwe ngakho (ngaphansi kombuzo 3 nombuzo 4) ngenhla. Imibuzo yakho konke lokhu okungenhla
ichazwe kuso sonke Isiqephu C.

Umbuzo 5.2 ongezansi uyisibonelo sohlobo lombuzo ongabuzwa engxenyeni yesibili yombuzo 5 (ULimi LokuQala LokwEngeza
KUPHELA) Isibonelo sokungabuzwa.
5.2 Fundisisa umbhalo (UMBHALO G) ngezansi bese uphendula imibuzo.
(Qaphela: Lo bhalo unamagama nemisho enamaphutha abhalwe ngabomu).
UMBHALO G

12:00 AM
Ibhokisi lemiyalezo

Thola ulwazi mfundi webanga le-12.

Lutholakala kumakhalekhukhwini
KUPHELA.

Ukhokha amarandi ama-2 ngosuku!

Shayela *123*54# bese ukhetha uhlelo
olulodwa kwezilandelayo:

UHLELO-1: Imiphumela
kamatikuletsheni yango-2021.
UHLELO-2: Imifundaze yemikhakha
eyahlukene yokufaka isicelo.
UHLELO 3: Izikhungo zemfundo
ephakeme ezitholakala eNingizimu Afrika

***Uthola ezinye izindaba MAHALA HA!

[Icashunywe ku-www.cellphones.com]

5.2.1 Chaza ulimi oluqukethwe amagama abhalwe ngokugqamile unikeze nesizathu sempendulo yakho (1)
5.2.2 Lungisa iphutha kulo mbhalo: Imiphumela kamatikuletsheni yango-2021. (1)
5.2.3 Phinda ubhale umusho onegama elidwetshelwe usebenzise ubhalomagama olufanele. (1)
5.2.4 Kungani kusetshenziswe uphawu lokubabaza emishweni emibili ekulo mbhalo? (2)

Ikhasi 35
IZIMPENDULO
5.2.1 Kusetshenziswe ulimi olukhohlisayo. (1)
“KUPHELA” leli gama liveza ukuthi ayikho enye indawo ongathola kuyo lolu lwazi.
5.2.2 Imiphumela kamatikuletsheni yangonyaka wezi-2021. (1)
5.2.3 Uthola ezinye izindaba MAHHALA HHA! (1)
5.2.4 Uphawu lokubabaza kuyo yomibili imisho lusetshenziselwe ukugcizelela umyalezo odluliswayo, owokuqala (2)
ugcizelela inani elikhokhwayo, owesibili ukuthi izindaba zitholakala kanjani.

UKUFINGQA OKUNGENHLA
Uma ufuna ukuphumelela ePhepheni loku-1, kufanele phakathi
nonyaka ufunde:
ƒ okungenani iziqephu ezinhlanu ezinamagama angama-500 -
560 ULIMI LWASEKHAYA, amagama angama-450 - 500 ULimi
LokuQala LokwEngeza nemibuzo ehambelana nazo (Isiqephu A);
ƒ okungenani amatheksthi amahlanu anamagama angama-270
ULIMI LWASEKHAYA, amagama angama-220 ULimi LokuQala
LokwEngeza uwafingqe ngamagama angama-70, Ufingqe
ngamagama angama-60 ULimi LokuQala LokwEngeza (Isiqephu B)
ƒ izikhangisi okungenani ezinhlanu uphendule imibuzo ehambelana
nazo (Isiqephu C)
ƒ okungenani amakhathuni ayisihlanu uphendule imibuzo
ehambelana nawo (Isiqephu C)
ƒ okungenani amatheksthi amahlanu anamagama ayi-120 - 150,
ULIMI LWASEKHAYA, amagama angama-80 - 100 ULimi LokuQala
LokwEngeza uphendule imibuzo ehambisana nawo. (Isiqephu C)

Amatheksthi nemibuzo esetshenziswe kulo mhlahlandlela

KUYIZIBONELO nje zalokhu okungalindelwa ekuhloleni kokugcina.

Ikhasi 36
AMANOTHI

Ikhasi 37
AMANOTHI

Ikhasi 38
WWW.AVBOBSTEP12.CO.ZA | WWW.AVBOB.CO.ZA