100 Interview Questions & Detailed Answers – UG NX &

Zuken E3 (Wiring Harness)

Trainee Design Engineer – Comprehensive Prep Guide

A. UG NX – Electrical Harness Design (20)

Q1. What is the Electrical Routing module in NX used for?
A1. It provides purpose■built commands for defining electrical components (connectors, terminals), routing paths,
and bundle segments in 3D assemblies. Design rules like minimum bend radius, allowable bundle diameter, and
clearances can be enforced during routing. Outputs include lengths, coverings, and a BOM suitable for
downstream documentation and manufacturing.

Q2. Difference between mechanical routing and electrical routing in NX?

A2. Mechanical routing lays out generic tubes or cables without logical connectivity; it focuses on geometry only.
Electrical routing adds intelligence: wires/nets, pin■to■pin mapping, bundle segments, and electrical attributes.
This makes reports (wire lists, pin tables) and ECAD/MCAD data exchange possible.

Q3. How do you create a routing path in NX?

A3. Create routing points or use existing geometry edges/faces to define waypoints, then invoke Route command
between device ports. Apply path control (tangent/orthogonal) and respect bend radius and space reservations.
You can edit waypoints later to optimize length, service loops, or avoid clashes.

Q4. What is a bundle segment, and how is it defined?

A4. A bundle segment is a portion of the harness between two nodes/waypoints. Its properties include outer
diameter, fill capacity, coverings, and contained wires/cables. NX computes segment diameter from constituent
wires or lets you assign it directly per design rules.

Q5. How do you assign connectors and terminals in NX?

A5. Insert connector parts from the Reuse Library or PLM and place them at mating interfaces. Map electrical
ports/pins to nets or wires, and assign the correct terminals matched to wire gauge. This ensures accurate pin
tables, lengths, and later flattening/formboard outputs.

Q6. What are bend radius rules in harness routing?

A6. They specify the minimum curvature allowed for a wire or bundle, typically a multiple of the outer diameter
(e.g., 4–10× OD). NX can check and prevent paths that violate the rule, reducing risk of conductor fatigue and
insulation damage. Different coverings or wire families may require different bend limits.

Q7. How do you flatten a harness in NX?

A7. After 3D routing, use the Harness Flattening application to compute a 2D development of the topology. You
control straighteners, branch angles, and labels so the result is manufacturable. The flattened view stays
associative, enabling automatic updates when the 3D route changes.

Q8. Difference between top■down and bottom■up harness design in NX?

A8. Top■down: define global routes and packaging early, using skeletons and WAVE links for context; later
assign wires/connectors. Bottom■up: route locally between known devices in their installed locations, growing the
network organically. Projects often mix both—top■down for architecture, bottom■up for detailed packaging.

Q9. How do you perform clash/interference check in NX?

A9. Use Interference/Clash Analysis on the assembly to detect contacts or penetrations between bundles and
hardware. Lightweight visualization and sectioning help identify tight areas. You can set clearance rules and
iterate route edits until violations are eliminated.

Q10. What is WAVE geometry linking in NX, and why is it used?

A10. WAVE links import associative copies of geometry (faces, edges, sketches) from one part into another.
Harness designers use it to reference mounting points, clips, or structure without breaking ownership of the
source models. When packaging changes, the harness updates automatically through these links.

Q11. How do you create and use Part Libraries in NX harness design?
A11. Store standard connectors, backshells, clips, and terminals in the Reuse Library/Teamcenter with attributes
(part no., pinout). Designers drag■and■drop qualified parts, improving consistency and BOM accuracy. Library
governance ensures only approved variants are used across programs.

Q12. What is the process to generate a BOM in NX?

A12. Run Routing Reports to extract components (connectors, terminals, splices, coverings) and computed
wire/bundle lengths. Include metadata like part numbers, specs, and quantities. Export to CSV/XML or push
directly to PLM for change control and purchasing.

Q13. What file formats can be exported from NX harness (e.g., KBL, PLMXML)?
A13. KBL and PLMXML capture harness topology, segments, wires, and part assignments for ECAD/MCAD
exchange. For geometry handoff, STEP/IGES can be used, while CSV/XML serve reporting. Choice depends on
downstream tools (E3, manufacturing, PLM).

Q14. How do you edit bundle diameter or length in NX?

A14. Modify segment properties or change wire membership to update computed diameter. Edit path waypoints to
change length, or add service loops where needed. Regenerate to propagate updates to BOM and flattening.

Q15. How do you manage connectors with multiple cavities in NX?

A15. Use multi■cavity connector models with defined pin tables and cavity sizes. Map each wire to the correct
cavity based on gauge/terminal type and keying. Validation checks prevent overstuffing, wrong terminals, or
duplicate pin use.

Q16. What is auto■routing vs manual routing in NX?

A16. Auto■routing proposes feasible paths based on rules and available channels, speeding up repetitive routing.
Manual routing gives full control for tight packaging or special constraints. Designers often start with auto■route
and refine manually.

Q17. How do you apply coverings like tapes and corrugated tubes in NX?
A17. Assign coverings to segments via attributes (type, length, overlap/tape pitch). Coverings appear in
visualization and are counted in BOM with separate part numbers. Heat■sleeves or shields can be applied only to
selected segments/regions.

Q18. How do you create reports (wire length, bundle details) in NX?
A18. Use built■in report templates or custom expressions to pull wire IDs, lengths, diameters, coverings, and
connector pin tables. Reports can be exported or linked to drafting notes and parts lists. They are associative,
updating with routing changes.

Q19. How is service loop handled in NX harness routing?

A19. Insert additional path segments or controlled offsets to add slack near connectors or moving parts. Maintain
bend radius in the loop and keep clear of hot/sharp features. Loops are annotated so manufacturing can preserve
the extra length.

Q20. Advantages of NX for harness routing vs others?

A20. Deep integration with MCAD assembly, strong associativity/WAVE, robust flattening, and rich reporting.
Tight PLM connectivity supports change control and reuse. Visualization, clash checks, and large■assembly
performance suit automotive packaging.
B. Zuken E3.series (20)
Q21. What is Zuken E3.series, and where is it used?
A21. E3.series is an ECAD platform for electrical schematics, cable/harness design, panel wiring, and
formboards. It is widely used in automotive, off■highway, aerospace, and machinery sectors. It manages logical
connectivity, libraries, and generates manufacturing outputs.

Q22. Difference between schematic design and formboard drawing in E3?

A22. Schematic captures signals, nets, and device connectivity—the electrical intent. Formboard is a scale layout
of the harness for manufacturing, with branch lengths, labels, and assembly notes. Both are linked so changes
propagate consistently.

Q23. How do you define connectors in Zuken E3?

A23. Pick from the device library or create a new device with symbol graphics, pin/cavity definitions, and attributes
(PN, seal). Assign mating info and terminal families so the BOM and pin tables are correct. Variants can be
managed for keying or cavity plugs.

Q24. How do you define wire gauge, color, and length in E3?
A24. Select wires from the wire library where gauge (AWG/mm²), color, and insulation are predefined. Length is
estimated in 2D or updated from 3D CAD import (e.g., KBL). Consistent libraries enforce standards and reduce
errors.

Q25. What is a device library in Zuken?

A25. A centralized database of devices (connectors, relays, wires, splices, symbols) with parameters and
footprints. It standardizes parts, speeds design, and ensures BOM accuracy. Library governance controls
revisions and approvals.

Q26. What is pin■to■pin mapping in Zuken?

A26. It assigns each signal/net to specific connector pins, terminals, and wire attributes. Mapping drives wire list
generation and ensures the physical harness matches the logical design. Reports highlight unassigned or
conflicting pins early.

Q27. Difference between logical and physical connections?

A27. Logical connections are net■level links between device functions. Physical connections translate those nets
into specific wires, pins, terminals, and cables. E3 maintains both views and keeps them synchronized.

Q28. How do you check for short circuits in Zuken E3?

A28. Run Electrical Rule Check (ERC) to scan for unintended connections between different nets. Filters help
focus on power nets or sensitive signals. Issues are flagged with cross■probes to the exact pins.

Q29. How do you check for open circuits in Zuken E3?

A29. ERC also detects unconnected pins, floating nets, or missing terminations. Designers can add end■caps,
resistors, or correct wiring to close the circuit. Dashboards track unresolved errors before release.

Q30. How do you detect duplicate wire numbers in E3?

A30. Use built■in numbering rules and validation reports to spot duplicates or gaps. Automatic renumbering can
enforce uniqueness per harness or per sheet. This avoids confusion during assembly and service.

Q31. What is a formboard drawing?

A31. A manufacturing blueprint showing the harness layout with true■to■scale lengths, branches, and tie■offs. It
includes BOM balloons, wire tables, and terminal/crimp notes. Technicians build and inspect the harness directly
on the formboard.

Q32. How do you generate BOM and wire list reports in E3?
A32. Run report templates to output connector lists, wire lists (with color, gauge, length), splice tables, and
coverings. Reports are configurable and can export to Excel/CSV for ERP/PLM. They update automatically when
the design changes.

Q33. What is the use of signal definition in E3 schematic?

A33. Signals classify nets (e.g., power, ground, CAN) with properties like voltage, current, or EMC criticality. This
improves rule checks, filtering, and formatting of reports. It also guides cable selection, shielding, and separation
rules.

Q34. What is cross■reference in Zuken?

A34. A navigation aid that links occurrences of the same device/pin across different pages and zones. It ensures
readers can trace a net through a multi■sheet schematic. Automatic updates maintain consistency during edits.

Q35. How do you create a new symbol if missing from library?

A35. Open the Symbol/Device Editor, draw the geometry, define pins with numbers/names, and attach attributes.
Add terminal families and mating info, then publish to the shared library. A review step validates spacing, pin
order, and standards compliance.

Q36. Steps to synchronize Zuken schematic with NX 3D harness?

A36. 1) Finalize pin■to■pin nets and export KBL/netlist from E3. 2) Import into NX to route and compute lengths.
3) Export lengths/topology back to E3 and update reports. A compare step reconciles any deltas in BOM or pin
mapping.

Q37. How do you assign shielding to cables in E3?

A37. Define cables with braided/foil shields and specify drain wire or 360° termination. Assign shield connection to
ground at one or both ends per EMC strategy. Documentation shows clamp/backshell details for assembly.

Q38. Difference between a wire and a cable in E3?

A38. A wire is a single insulated conductor; a cable is a collection of conductors under a common jacket (often
with shield). Cables can contain twisted pairs, power pairs, or mixed gauges. E3 models both so BOM and routing
are accurate.

Q39. How do you represent twisted pairs in E3?

A39. Use a cable definition with a 'pair' structure and specify lay length or twist property. Assign differential signals
(e.g., CAN_H/CAN_L) to the pair to maintain symmetry. Reports mark these as paired for manufacturing.

Q40. How do you generate wire length reports from NX into E3?
A40. After 3D routing, export KBL/CSV from NX containing wire/segment lengths. Import into E3 and update the
wire list so formboard and cut■lists reflect the true physical lengths. A tolerance or slack factor can be added
automatically.
C. Wiring Harness Domain Knowledge (25)
Q41. What is a wiring harness?
A41. A wiring harness is an engineered assembly of wires/cables, connectors, terminals, splices, and protective
coverings. It distributes power and signals safely and neatly within a product. Harnesses improve
manufacturability, reliability, and serviceability.

Q42. Why is a wiring harness used in vehicles/machines?

A42. It bundles circuits into manageable looms, reducing assembly time and installation errors. Protection (tapes,
sleeves, conduits) improves durability under heat, vibration, and abrasion. Standardized connectors and labels
simplify diagnostics and replacement.

Q43. Difference between wire and cable?

A43. A wire is a single conductor with insulation; a cable groups several insulated conductors under one jacket.
Cables can include shields and fillers for EMC and mechanical robustness. Selection depends on current,
environment, and signal integrity needs.

Q44. What is AWG (American Wire Gauge)?

A44. AWG is a standardized scale for conductor diameter; a smaller number means a thicker conductor. It
correlates with resistance and current■carrying capability. Automotive designs may also use cross■section in
mm² alongside AWG.

Q45. How do you decide wire gauge for a circuit?

A45. Consider steady■state current, ambient temperature, allowable voltage drop, bundle derating, and route
length. Consult standards/OEM charts, then add safety margin. Critical circuits (starter, heaters) often require
larger gauges.

Q46. What is bend radius, and why important?

A46. Bend radius is the minimum curvature a wire/bundle can tolerate without damage. Tighter bends increase
strain, risk of conductor breakage, and insulation cracking. Following the rule preserves electrical performance
and service life.

Q47. What is EMI/EMC shielding?

A47. Shielding (foil, braid, or both) blocks external noise and contains emissions from noisy circuits. Proper
grounding—single■ended or both ends—depends on frequency and system strategy. Layout also matters: keep
signal and power separated and avoid large loops.

Q48. Different types of connectors?

A48. Sealed (IP■rated) vs unsealed; inline vs bulkhead; high■current, high■speed, or micro. Keying,
polarization, CPA/TPA locks, and cavity plugs are common features. Choice depends on environment, current,
and serviceability.

Q49. Inline vs bulkhead connectors?

A49. Inline connectors join harness sections within the same environment. Bulkhead connectors pass through
panels/firewalls and provide sealing and strain relief. Bulkheads aid modular assembly and maintenance.

Q50. What is a splice, and why used?

A50. A splice joins multiple conductors—parallel, end■to■end, or multi■tap—to create branches. It reduces
connector count and cost, but must be protected and placed away from stress points. Crimped splices are
preferred for repeatability; solder is limited by standards.

Q51. Common wire insulation materials?

A51. PVC for economy, XLPE for higher temperature and chemical resistance, ETFE (Tefzel) for light weight and
harsh environments. Silicone or PTFE are used for very high temperatures. Material selection balances
environment, flexibility, and cost.

Q52. Typical automotive wire standards (ISO, SAE)?

A52. ISO 6722/14572 define dimensions and performance; SAE J1128 covers low■voltage primary cables. OEMs
add internal specifications for colors, strip lengths, and crimp quality. Compliance ensures interchangeability and
safety.

Q53. What is voltage drop, and control methods?

A53. Voltage drop is the reduction in voltage along a conductor due to resistance. It is minimized by using larger
cross■section, shorter routes, better grounds, and proper joint quality. Sensitive ECUs and lighting require tight
limits.

Q54. What is a fuse, and how is rating decided?

A54. A fuse protects wiring by opening under excessive current before the wire overheats. Select a rating above
normal operating current but below the wire’s safe limit, considering inrush. Place fuses close to the power source
for maximum protection.

Q55. What is a relay, and why used?

A55. A relay lets a low■current control circuit switch a higher■current load safely. It reduces voltage drop in long
runs and allows ECU control of heavy loads. Solid■state variants provide faster switching and diagnostics.

Q56. What is CAN bus, and wiring considerations?

A56. CAN is a differential communication network using a twisted pair (CAN_H/CAN_L) with 120 Ω termination at
both ends. Maintain impedance, minimize stubs, and keep pair twist consistent. Shielding may be used in noisy
environments.

Q57. What is grounding, and its importance?

A57. Ground provides a common reference and return path for currents. Poor grounding causes noise, resets,
and measurement errors. Use star grounds, adequate cross■section, and corrosion■resistant bonding.

Q58. What are grommets, and where used?

A58. Grommets are protective inserts in sharp■edged holes or pass■throughs. They prevent chafing and seal
against dust/water. Correct sizing and material ensure long■term durability.

Q59. What is a harness protective covering?

A59. Coverings include cloth/PVC tapes, PET braids, heat■shields, and convoluted tubes. They provide abrasion,
thermal, and NVH protection while aiding bundling. Coverage and type vary by zone and customer specs.

Q60. Taped vs braided vs convoluted tube harness?

A60. Taped: compact and economical, good for interior zones. Braided: excellent abrasion/EMI performance, neat
appearance. Convoluted tube: robust and easy to service in exposed areas; heavier and bulkier.

Q61. Effects of temperature on wire selection?

A61. Higher ambient or engine■bay temperatures reduce current capacity and accelerate aging. Choose
high■temp insulation and derate current accordingly. Route away from heat sources or add thermal shields.

Q62. Primary vs secondary locking in connectors?

A62. Primary lock retains the terminal in the cavity; secondary lock (TPA/CPA) is an additional device that
prevents back■out and mis■mating. Both are required for vibration and safety compliance. Visual checks verify
full seating of terminals and locks.

Q63. Common harness design challenges in automotive?

A63. Aggressive packaging, heat/vibration, EMC, weight/cost targets, and high part variability. Designers must
plan modularity, service loops, and robust fixation. Data synchronization between ECAD, MCAD, and PLM is a
constant challenge.

Q64. What is a service loop, and why provided?

A64. A controlled extra length near connectors or moving parts to allow maintenance and tolerance absorption. It
prevents tension during installation and avoids strain on terminals. Loops must respect bend radius and clear
nearby hardware.

Q65. Max recommended voltage drop in automotive harnesses?

A65. A common guideline is 3–5% of nominal system voltage (≈0.36–0.6 V on 12 V systems). Critical loads
(ECUs, lighting) may have tighter limits. Always follow OEM/customer■specific requirements.
D. Standards & Best Practices (15)
Q66. What is IPC/WHMA■A■620 standard?
A66. It defines acceptance criteria for cable and wire harness assemblies, including crimp quality, soldering, strain
relief, and coverings. Classes (1–3) align quality with end■use criticality. Following it reduces rework and ensures
consistent build quality.

Q67. Common ISO standards for wiring harness design?

A67. ISO 6722 (road■vehicle cables), ISO 14572 (shielded cables), and ISO 16750 (environmental conditions).
Many OEMs adopt these and add detailed internal specifications. Compliance supports safety, durability, and
supplier interoperability.

Q68. What is SAE J1128?

A68. A specification for low■voltage primary cable used in road vehicles, covering conductor construction and
insulation types. It defines temperature ratings and test methods. Designers reference it when selecting wire
families and gauges.

Q69. What is LV214 standard?

A69. A European/OEM framework (e.g., VW group) defining connector performance and test requirements. It
covers sealing, vibration, temperature cycling, and electrical properties. Compliance ensures connectors survive
harsh automotive environments.

Q70. What is KBL (Kabelbaumliste) format?

A70. A neutral, structured exchange format describing harness topology, segments, wires, and components. It
enables tool■agnostic data flow between ECAD, MCAD, and manufacturing. KBL reduces manual transcription
and mismatch errors.

Q71. Why is KBL used in harness exchange?

A71. Because it preserves both logical mapping and physical metrics (lengths, diameters) with consistent
identifiers. It supports round■trip workflows: E3 → NX → E3. Vendors and OEMs rely on it to keep BOMs and
lengths aligned.

Q72. Difference between harness installation and formboard drawing?

A72. Installation shows the routing inside the vehicle, fixation points, and interfaces. Formboard shows a 1:1
manufacturing layout with lengths, labels, and termination details. Both are required for complete documentation.

Q73. Workflow from schematic → 3D harness → manufacturing?

A73. 1) ECAD defines nets/devices and produces a netlist; 2) MCAD routes in 3D and computes lengths; 3)
Flattening creates 2D; 4) Reports generate wire lists, BOM, and formboard; 5) Release to PLM/MES. Feedback
loops handle late changes and ECOs.

Q74. What is a netlist, and why important?

A74. A netlist enumerates electrical connections between device pins. It drives pin mapping, error checks, and
later 3D routing validation. Accurate netlists prevent miswires and reduce rework.

Q75. How to ensure manufacturability of harnesses?

A75. Respect bend radius and fill limits, avoid congested splices, and choose accessible fixation points. Use
standardized terminals and clear labeling. Include tolerances, cut lengths, and crimp specifications in the
documentation.

Q76. How to ensure serviceability of harnesses?

A76. Plan modular sections with accessible connectors, provide service loops, and avoid hidden or strained
terminations. Label wires and use keyed connectors to minimize maintenance errors. Document
removal/installation sequences.

Q77. Environmental factors to consider?

A77. Temperature extremes, fluids/chemicals, moisture ingress, abrasion, UV, and vibration. Select insulation,
coverings, seals, and fixation hardware accordingly. Zone■based design tailors protection to each environment.

Q78. How to check for short circuits before manufacturing?

A78. Run ERC in ECAD, verify netlist consistency, and simulate continuity where available. Peer reviews catch
symbol/pin mistakes early. Prototype builds or test harnesses validate critical circuits.

Q79. Common safety considerations in harness design?

A79. Proper fusing at sources, double■insulation where needed, secure routing away from heat/sharp edges, and
strain relief. Ground integrity and correct wire sizing prevent overheating. Documentation must clearly specify
protections and warnings.

Q80. What is traceability in harness manufacturing?

A80. The ability to track parts, materials, processes, and revisions through the product’s lifecycle. It enables
containment during quality issues and supports regulatory/customer requirements. Barcodes/labels and PLM/MES
links are typical enablers.
E. General & Scenario■Based (20)
Q81. If a connector is missing in the Zuken library, what would you do?
A81. Create it in the Device Editor with correct symbol, pin numbering, cavity sizes, and attributes. Add the
matching terminals/seals and publish to the shared library after review. Update projects to reference the approved
device.

Q82. If a harness is too long after installation, how would you fix it?
A82. Analyze 3D routing to remove unnecessary meanders while maintaining service loops. Shorten branches
and adjust splice/branch points, then regenerate cut■lengths and BOM. Issue an ECO and update
drawings/formboard.

Q83. How do you re■route a harness in NX if it interferes with parts?

A83. Run clash analysis, then edit waypoints to create clearance while respecting bend radius and fixation points.
Consider alternate clip paths or protective sleeves. Re■validate with section views and updated clash checks.

Q84. How do you reduce harness weight in a vehicle?

A84. Optimize routing length, select appropriate wire gauges (avoid oversizing), and remove unused options. Use
lighter coverings and consolidate grounds where standards allow. Maintain performance and serviceability while
meeting targets.

Q85. How do you decide branch points in a harness?

A85. Place near common connection clusters to minimize length, consider assembly sequence and service
access. Observe minimum straight lengths before/after splices and maintain bend rules. Ensure clip/support
availability to control movement.

Q86. How do you validate wire lengths before manufacturing?

A86. Use NX 3D computed lengths plus allowances for service loops and tolerances. Feed them back to E3,
generate cut lists, and check against installation paths. Pilot builds confirm and refine allowances.

Q87. How do you handle late design changes?

A87. Implement the change in ECAD, synchronize to MCAD, and run automated compares for BOM/pin/length
deltas. Update reports, drawings, and PLM revisions; communicate impact to manufacturing. Maintain clear
traceability of what changed and why.

Q88. How do you verify harness serviceability in 3D CAD?

A88. Simulate connector access and tool clearances, check removal paths, and confirm slack at moving
interfaces. Review with packaging and service teams. Capture notes on installation/removal in the drawings.

Q89. How do you ensure standardization of connectors and wires?

A89. Design against an approved parts list and shared libraries with controlled revisions. Automated checks flag
non■preferred items. Standardization reduces inventory, risk, and cost.

Q90. How do you prevent wire chafing in routing?

A90. Avoid sharp edges, add grommets and abrasion sleeves, and secure with clips at proper intervals. Maintain
standoff from moving parts and hot zones. Periodic supports limit fretting in vibration.

Q91. How do you route harnesses in high■vibration environments?

A91. Increase fixation points, use anti■vibration clamps, and provide strain relief at connectors. Avoid long
unsupported spans and heavy splices. Choose terminals/connectors rated for vibration per standards.

Q92. How do you manage routing near heat zones?

A92. Reroute away from heat sources when possible; otherwise use heat shields, reflective sleeves, and
high■temp insulation. Respect clearance to exhaust/manifolds and validate with thermal maps. Document special
protections in BOM.

Q93. How do you prevent EMI in signal harnesses?

A93. Use twisted pairs, maintain separation from high■current runs, and apply shields with proper terminations.
Reference to low■impedance grounds and minimize stubs. Follow OEM EMC zoning and routing rules.

Q94. How do you integrate NX 3D harness and Zuken schematic effectively?

A94. Start with a clean netlist/KBL from E3, route in NX, then round■trip lengths and topology back. Use compare
tools to reconcile BOM and pin discrepancies. Lock libraries and IDs to keep data consistent across tools.

Q95. What if BOM in E3 does not match NX BOM?

A95. Run a structured compare, identify missing/extra parts or ID mismatches, and correct the source (library or
design). Re■export/import until both sides align. Capture the correction in PLM with a controlled change.

Q96. How do you create harness documentation for manufacturing?

A96. Provide formboard with 1:1 layout, wire list with cut/strip/crimp data, BOM, terminal tables, and assembly
notes. Include torque for clamps, tie■off spacing, and quality checkpoints. Export data for MES/barcoding where
applicable.

Q97. How do you ensure compliance with customer standards?

A97. Design to customer templates and rule sets, run automated checks (ERC/DRC), and conduct design
reviews. Keep a compliance matrix mapping each requirement to evidence. Deviations must be documented and
approved.

Q98. How do you verify correct pin assignment in connectors?

A98. Cross■check against manufacturer pin tables and the project netlist. Use E3 ERC and generate pin reports;
in NX, verify port■to■pin mapping and continuity. Prototype or bench tests validate critical interfaces.

Q99. How do you optimize harness cost?

A99. Standardize parts, reduce connector counts and harness variants, and right■size wire gauges. Minimize
scrap via efficient cut lengths and scalable formboards. Balance cost with reliability and serviceability
requirements.

Q100. Why do you want to work in harness design; what skills do you bring?
A100. Harness design blends electrical principles with 3D packaging—great for systematic problem■solving. I
bring ECAD (E3) and MCAD (NX) skills, attention to standards, and a data■driven approach to quality. I enjoy
cross■functional collaboration and continuous improvement.